I-Adiantum (i-Adiantum, i-adiant, i-curly fern) luhlobo lweferns lapho kunezinhlobo ezingama-200 ezahlukahlukene, eziyishumi nesikhombisa zazo ezikhulelwe ukuhlobisa.
Kunezindawo ezimbili zemvelaphi yemvelo: i-Asia kanye neNingizimu Melika. Emvelweni, le fern ithanda isimo sezulu esishisayo, ikhetha izindawo ezinamanzi, ezinomswakama nezinamadwala. E-Russia, i-adiant itholakala eCaucasus ku-vivo.
Incazelo
Ngaphandle kwakho konke ukwahlukahluka kulo mndeni, kunezici ezimbalwa ezivamile. Ama-adianth angamabhishi aphansi anamaqabunga e-cirrus a-drooping (waiyi). Iziqu zizacile, zivame ukumnyama, njengecingo. Engxenyeni engezansi emaphethelweni amaqabunga kukhona izikhwama ezinezinhlamvu (spores).
Ayisiqhakaza, kepha ngokunakekelwa okufanele ihlala inamahlamvu aluhlaza athambile unyaka wonke b ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, ikhuphuka ngezikhathi ezingama-2-3 phakathi nenkathi.
Izinhlobo
I-Adiantum ithandwa ngokubonakala kwayo obucayi futhi obuhle. Imizamo yokuyikhulisa ekhaya yenziwa eminyakeni engama-200 eyedlule. Kepha ngenxa yezitshalo ezifuna ikhwalithi yomoya, izakhamizi ezicebile kuphela ezisebenza ngokugcina izithombo noma ezindaweni ezigcina imvelo.
Manje kulula kakhulu ukudala izimo ezidingekayo empilweni yakhe, kakhudlwana kaningi ubona umbono owodwa noma omunye ezindlini.
| Buka | Incazelo |
| Izinwele zeVenus | Le nhlobo yaqanjwa ngegama lamaqabunga ayo amahle ngokumangalisayo akha isihlahla esikhanyayo, esinamanzi esibukeka sifana kakhulu nesimbobo sentombazane. Amahlamvu ngesimo sabalandeli bemibala eluhlaza okotshani atholakala ezihlahleni ezincane ezimnyama. Lo mehluko unikeza i-fern ukubukeka okuhle kakhulu. Ngokunakekelwa okuhle ikhula ibe ngu-60 cm. |
| U-Ruddy (umumo wedigital) | Ummeleli womndeni uqhamuka emazingeni aphansi. Amacembe amade afike ku-45 cm, aluhlaza okotshani ngombala, mnyama mnyama ngeminyaka. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezidumile: I-Grasillium, i-Festum, uFritz Lutz, i-Fragrance. Bahluka phakathi kwabo ngokuqonda kwabo izimo zokukhula. I-Gracillium ithanda umswakama omkhulu, ngakho ungayikhulisa kuphela egumbini elikhethekile. Zonke ezinye azifuni kakhulu futhi zilungele ukugcinwa endlini. |
| Adiantum enkulu-leaved | Kutholakala ngemvelo eMelika, lapho ikhula khona eceleni komgwaqo. Isithonjana esinamaqabunga amakhulu sithandwa ngombala ongajwayelekile wamaqabunga: amahlumela amancane anombala opinki othambile ngombala, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lapho aba luhlaza. Le nhlobo inesimo seqabunga esingavamile: i-wedge ekhonjiwe, egobile. Onqenqemeni lapho izinhlamvu zitholakala khona zombili izinhlangothi. |
| Unyawo | Izinhlobo zezinja eziqinile ebusika ziyakwazi ukubekezelela iqhwa ngaphandle kokuhlala kuze kufike ku-35 degrees. Ezindaweni eziseningizimu nezisenkabeni neRussia, itshalwa endaweni evulekile. I-adiantum ye-corymbose inesigaxa esimnyama esiguquguqukayo esingama-60 cm namaqabunga ahlakazekile ngesimo fan. Isihlahla, sikhula, sithatha isimo sendawo. Kuhle ngokuhlobisa igceke, ingadi. Enye yezinhlobo ezithakazelisa kakhulu zalezi zinhlobo - imbricatum, fern emfushane, kuze kufike ku-15 cm ukuphakama, yinhle ngokukhula efulethini. |
| Ipinki ethambile noma ediantum | Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahluka ngokubukeka (usayizi, umbala, ukwakheka kwamaqabunga). Zikhula zibe ngama-90 cm ukuphakama. Izinhlobonhlobo zeSkutum Roseum zinombala ongajwayelekile wamaqabunga: ama-shades ahlukahlukene apinki, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lapho zijika ziluhlaza. |
| Oshonile noma Oshonile | Ukhula emahlathini ase-Afrika, eNdiya, naseMadagascar. Amaqabunga e-rhomboid aleli fern atholwe ku-cutways aze afike ku-35 cm. Amanzi aqhamukayo ngama-bristles, onqenqemeni olugxilisiwe. |
| Yinhle kakhulu (enhle) | Ummeleli omkhulu wohlobo. Ikhula ibe yimitha. Amaqabunga aluhlaza obunxantathu obumnyama ku-cutways we-growy onsomi. Ukubukeka okuqinile kakhulu. Emvelweni, kukhula eziqhingini zoLwandlekazi iPacific. |
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya
Ukukhula okuphumelelayo kwe-adiantum, udinga izimo eziseduze nemvelo ngangokunokwenzeka.
| Ihlobo | Isikhathi esedlule | Ubusika | |
| Indawo / Isibani | Ithanda umthunzi okhethiweyo, uhlangothi olusenyakatho. Lapho itholakala kwezinye izinhlangothi, kufanelekile ukuyibeka ekujuleni kwamamitha ayi-2 kuya ngaphakathi egumbini. | ||
| Ukushisa kwegumbi | Akudluli ku- + 22 ° С | + 15 ° С, susa emisebeni yokushisa | |
| Ukunisela | Izikhathi ezi-2 ngesonto | Kanye ngesonto | |
| Ukufafaza | Nsuku zonke | Kuyenqatshelwa, ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi yokushisa lapho yehlisa izinga lokushisa lokufafaza okuyingozi | Nsuku zonke |
| Umanyolo | Isikhathi esiyi-1 ngenyanga nomanyolo wezitshalo eziwohloka endlini. Yehlisa umthamo izikhathi 2 kusuka kokunconywayo. | Akudingi | |
Amaphuzu abalulekile ekukhuleni
Le fern ikhethe kakhulu ngekhwalithi yomoya. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha indawo, lokhu kufanelekile ukucatshangelwa. Ikhishi nezindawo lapho zingafafazwa zingamfaneli. Ukuhogela okuncane kakhulu kwe-adiantum kuyabulala.
Akathandi uthuli, ngakho-ke, egumbini lapho etholakala khona, kuyahlanzeka imvula njalo futhi kufakwa umoya omncane njalo.
Ukukhetha indawo ngaphansi kwefern, ukuhambisa imbiza esikhathini esizayo akunconywa. I-Adiantum iyazwela kakhulu, noma yikuphi ukunyakaza kuzothinta kabi ukubonakala kwayo.
Ukunisela okufanele nakho kubalulekile kakhulu. Ukomisa kwenhlabathi kuzoholela ekufeni kwamaqabunga, bese kuchichima - ukubola kwezimpande. Indlela enhle yokunisela yilapho imbiza ene-fern ibekwa okwesikhashana esitsheni esinamanzi axazululiwe bese isishiyelwa lapho kuze kube yilapho indawo engaphansi yesakhiwo icwazimula. Ngemuva kokuthi ibhodwe likhishwe bese lishiywe ukuze amanzi ngokweqile akhanye.
Ukukhetha ibhodwe, inhlabathi, ukufakelwa
I-Adiantum iyakuthanda ukuqothuka, ngakho-ke uzodinga ukufakelwa kuphela iminyaka engu-2-3 yokuphila. Unganquma isidingo sezimpande ezihlume ngokusebenzisa izimbobo zokudonsa amanzi. Izitshalo zabantu abadala azisadingi ukufakelwa; vele uguqule ingaphezulu kanye ngonyaka. Kutshalwe kabusha entwasahlobo.
Njengoba i-adiantum ine-rhizome enamandla, ibhodwe kufanele likhethwe libanzi, kepha lingajulile (ezinhlotsheni eziningi, impande ayibikho nje). Kungcono ukukhetha ibhodwe lobumba: lokhu okuqukethwe kuvumela umoya omningi, ngakho-ke izimpande zithola umoya-mpilo owengeziwe.
I-Adiantum idinga ungqimba obalulekile wedonsa, cishe ingxenye yesithathu yevoti lembiza. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe-acidic, peaty. Ingxube eqediwe ingathengwa kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezimbali. Isimo esibaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lapho udlulisa inhlabathi ungemukeli, i-fern iyathanda ukukhululeka. Ngaphambi kokutshala, udinga ukuhlola ngokucophelela izimpande, uma kunesidingo, ususe ezonakele.
Ukuzala
Lesi sitshalo sikhiqizwa ngokuhlukaniswa kohlelo lwezimpande noma ama-spores.
Isigaba senziwa entwasahlobo, kuyadingeka ngokutholakala okwanele kwamaphuzu okukhula. I-rhizome ihlukaniswa ngommese, isilayisi siphathwa ngothuli lwamalahle, emva kwalokho izingxenye zifakwa emabhodweni alungiselelwe. I-Adiantum kunzima ukubekezelela ukwahlukana, ngakho-ke izingxenye ezihleliwe aziqhubeki zikhula isikhathi eside.
Kubalulekile: awukwazi ukwaba i-adiantum ngaphezu kwesisodwa njalo eminyakeni emithathu.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwezinhlamvu kuzothatha isikhathi esithe xaxa, noma kunjalo, akukho bungozi esitshalweni esivele sikhona.
Ngale ndlela, kumele wenze okulandelayo:
- lungisa inhlabathi (ingxube ye-peat, isihlabathi, umhlaba);
- isikhafu ingxube yenhlabathi, vumela ukupholisa;
- ama-disores atholakala aqoqwe ngesisombululo se-potanganum permanganate;
- faka imbewu enhlabathini elungiselelwe, ikhava ngengilazi, ishiye endaweni emnyama efudumele kuze kuhlume;
- emva kokuhluma, susa ingilazi uphinde uhlele endaweni ekhanyayo, kepha hhayi elangeni;
- yisithombo lapho izithombo ziqina.
Le ndlela yokuzala izothatha amasonto ambalwa iye ezinyangeni eziningana.
Amaphutha ekunakekelweni, izinambuzane, izifo nezindlela zokuqedwa
I-Adiantum ikhiqiza izinto ezikhethekile zemvelo ezixosha izinambuzane. Kodwa-ke, emadolobheni anamuhla, izinambuzane zijwayele kumakhemikhali, futhi kwesinye isikhathi zithinta isitshalo.
| Izimpawu zangaphandle | Isizathu | Indlela yokuphelisa |
| Amaqabunga omile, alahlekelwa ukuncipha kwawo. | I-greenhouse whitefly. | Ukubhujiswa ngamalungiselelo akhethekile (athengiswa ezitolo zezimbali): Zeta, Rovikurt. |
| Emacembe kukhona amathangi amhlophe. | Umhlonyane. | Hlanza ngokucophelela ngebhulashi, usebenzisa imimoya enama-methylated, ngaphandle kokufaka amanzi amaqabunga. |
| Ukukhula okuncane kuyindilinga. | Isikali isihlangu California. | Hlanza ngewulu likotini, ulithambisa otshwaleni. Ezimweni ezinzima, kusetshenziswa i-chemistry (i-Actellik). |
| Amacembe asomile, imiphetho yamaqabunga iphenduka ibe nsundu. | Ukuntuleka kokunisela noma ukubhema esitshalweni. | Khulisa ukuthambisa. Uma ingekho indlela yokuvikela i-fern kusuka kunentuthu eyenzeke ngengozi kule ndawo, kungcono ukuyifaka kwenye. |
| Amahlamvu awayo. | Awukho umswakama owanele. | Ukufafaza njalo. |
| Amaqabunga aguquka. | Indawo engafanele, ukukhanya ngokweqile. | Hlela kabusha ibhodwe emthunzini. |
| Kushiya amaqabunga kodwa awomile. | Ukushisa komoya okuphansi. | Hambisa endaweni efudumele noma unikeze izinga lokushisa olifunayo. |
| Amahlamvu esiqu aphenduka aphuzi, amabala ansundu avele. | Ukushisa komoya okuphezulu. | Hlela kabusha (uma kunenkinga kuma-radiator) noma ufake isikrini esivikelayo. |
| Ubuna ushiya inhlabathi emanzi. | Ukubola kohlelo lwempande. | Susa isitshalo ebhodweni, ususe izingxenye ezilimele ze-rhizome, shintsha i-substrate. |
| Amahlamvu amnyama, imigqa ansundu. | Ukuqongelela usawoti emhlabeni. | Ukubuyiselwa kwenhlabathi. |
Umhlali wasehlobo uyeluleka: I-Adiantum - isitshalo esisebenzayo
I-Adiantum ayisona nje isitshalo esihle, kodwa futhi ilusizo, ibonisa izakhiwo zokwelapha. EYurophu, isikhathi eside kusukela lapho, izimpuphu kanye ne-infusions kusuka emaqabunga ayo kwakusetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo zomphimbo, isibindi kanye nesinye, nokukhwehlela kwemvelaphi ehlukahlukene. Izinto ezakha zona zisiza ukunciphisa ukushisa futhi zonakalise namagciwane. E-China, ukudakwa kuphathwe ngempumelelo ngosizo lwe-Adiantum decoction iminyaka eminingi.
Kwamanye amasiko, amaqabunga asetshenziswa njengesitsha esisehlangothini. Benza neziphuzo ezimnandi.
ECaucasus, ama-decoctions asetshenziselwa ukuhlanza izinwele. Kukholelwa ukuthi kunika izinwele amandla nokukhanya. Abalandeli bezimfundiso zeFeng Shui bakholelwa ukuthi i-adiantum iletha amandla akhethekile endlini futhi yinhle igumbi lokulala. Unika ukuthula nokulala okuhle.
