UJasmine isitshalo esinezimbali zomndeni wakwaMaslinnov. Leli siko litholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni eziphansi zase-Afrika, e-Australia nase-Asia.
Incazelo
Izinhlobo zalesi sitshalo zingahlala zihlala ziluhlaza, izihlahlana ezivunayo noma imivini. Amaqabunga - alula, kathathu noma apende. Izimbali zenziwe ngenkanyezi, zinombala omhlophe, ophuzi, opinki, awodwa, noma aqoqwe kuma-inflorescence. Atholakala phezulu noma eceleni kwesitshalo. UJasmine uvame ukudidaniswa ne-chubushnik ngenxa yephunga elifanayo lezimbali. Kepha ingadi iyahlekisa ngumbala ongumndeni wakwaGortenziev.
Izinhlobo zeJasmine Zasekhaya
Kuhlobo lwejasmine, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-300. Ezimweni zamakamelo, ungakhula ezimbalwa kuphela.
| Buka | Incazelo | Isikhathi sezimbali |
| Izimbali eziningi | Isihlahla esivuthayo esincane kancane esingamamitha ayi-2. Amaqabunga aluhlaza obunjiwe okhombe njengotshani obomvana, anomphetho we-wavy. Ngaphezulu kwesiqu ngasinye kukhona i-inflorescence equkethe inani elikhulu lezimbali. Amahlumela asepinki, amhlophe lapho evulwa. Iphunga le-pungent. | UFebhuwari - Agasti |
| Izimbali ezinkulu | Umvini we-evergreen shrub onamahlumela angenalutho. Ikhula ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-10. Ishiya endaweni etholakalayo. I-umbrella inflorescence itholakala phezulu kwesiqu, ifaka izimbali ezimhlophe eziyi-10 noma ngaphezulu zephunga elimnandi (elalisetshenziselwa ukwenza itiye). | NgoJuni - Okthoba |
| Bis | I-evergreen shrub (ikhula ize ibe ngu-2 m). Amacembe aluhlaza amnyama afinyelela ku-5 cm. Akhiwe maqondana nomunye. Esiqongweni sokudutshulwa kukhona ama-inflorescence anezimbali ezipinki, ukusuka ekukhanyeni kuya kumithunzi omnyama, osayizi omkhulu kunalokho. Inephunga elicebile. | Meyi |
| I-Sambac (i-Indian, i-Arabhu noma i-Arabian) | Ozithobayo. I-liana ende ingafinyelela kumamitha ayi-6. Nge amahlumela amancanyana kanye namaqabunga amakhulu wesimo se-ovoid nezimbali ezimhlophe ezifana ne-camellia noma i-semi-double roses. | Mashi - Okthoba |
| I-Blueflower | Isihlahla esibuthakathaka esinqunyiwe esinamagatsha amade namaqabunga amancane aluhlaza, simise kathathu. Izimbali zikhulu impela, zigcwala umbala ophuzi. Zitholakala ngokuhlabelela kulo lonke ubude bez amahlumela. | Janawari - Ephreli |
| I-Primrose | Umvini okhula ngokushesha, amahlumela amancane awo adinga ukuxhaswa. Izimbali eziphindeke kabili zomthunzi ophuzi. Akusilo iphunga. | Meyi - Juni |
| I-Malagascar | I-Indoor liana enamaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani obumnyama (10cm). Izimbali - izinkanyezi ezimhlophe, eziqoqwe kuma-inflorescence. Ungaba nezithunzi zikakhilimu, ophuzi nobububende. Inephunga elimnandi. Ijusi elethwe yilomvini linobuthi futhi lingadala ukucasuka kwesikhumba. | NgoJuni - Agasti. Kepha ngokunakekelwa okuhle, ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe kanye lokushisa elifanele, kungaqhakaza ebusika. |
Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kwe-jasmine
Isitshalo esishisayo sinamafutha. Le shrub, engabekezeleli ushintsho lokushisa nokubanda, ekwazi ukukhula kuphela ekhaya, ayinakuphila emoyeni ovulekile ezinqenqemeni zethu. Ukunakekela i-jasmine kufanele kube kahle kakhulu.
Ukushisa
Ukuze uthole i-jasmine engaphakathi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza (entwasahlobo kanye nehlobo), izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lintofontofo - lisuka + 21 ... +26 °C. Ukudonsa okubandayo okubukhali kungaba yingozi, kepha ku +15°I-C jasmine ngeke imise ukuthuthukiswa kuphela, kepha futhi ingafa.
Ngenkathi ebusika, lapho isitshalo siphumule, kunconywa ukusibeka egumbini elibandayo emazingeni okushisa ka-+11°C kuye ku -13°C, uma kungenjalo izimbali ngeke zenzeke. Ukucindezela i-jasmine kulokhu, abatshali abanolwazi bayelulekwa ukuba bamphoqelele izinga lokushisa, bababeke endaweni epholile isikhashana lapho kunomswakama omkhulu. Ngenxa yokuqhaqhazela okunjalo, izihlahla ziyaqhakaza kungekudala. Ukusabela okuhlukile ebusika kungenxa yezinhlobo ze-jasmine. ISambac ibhekwa njengezinhlobonhlobo ezithanda ukushisa.
Esigabeni sokuphefumula kusuka kokuqhakaza, isitshalo sanele +18°C. Isimo somvini kokusalungiswa sibi kakhulu. Ventilate igumbi ngembali kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela.
Izidingo zokukhanyisa
I-Jasmine ayibekezeleli ukukhanya nokukhanya okwenziwe ngobuciko. Ukhetha isilinganiso esanele sokukhanya kwelanga okungafani, kepha akakubekezeleli ukukhanya okuqondile. Kungakho kuyalwa ukuthi ubeke imbali kumawindows salle kusuka ezinhlangothini ezisentshonalanga nasempumalanga.
Ngasohlangothini olusenyakatho, lesi sitshalo ngeke siqhakaze ngenxa yokushoda kwelanga ngokucacile, futhi kufasiteleni eliseningizimu kuzodingeka ukuthi lisuswe njalo efasiteleni noma lifihlwe ukukhanya.
Ukunisela
Imvamisa yokuchelela kufanele ilingane nokushisa okukhona. Ngenkathi efudumele, lesi sitshalo kufanele siniselwe njalo ezinsukwini ezintathu. Kucace bha ukuthi isikhathi, kungenzeka ukuthi somise inhlabathi ngamasentimitha ukusuka phezulu. Kufanele ihlanganiswe kancane - ngaphandle kokoma ngaphandle noma umswakama ngokweqile.
Ngokuqala kwesizini ebandayo, izikhathi eziphakathi kokunisela kufanele zikhushulwe kufike ezinsukwini eziyi-6, kuyadingeka ukunisela kuphela ngemuva kokuthi ungqimba ophakathi selomile. Gcina ikhwalithi yenhlabathi izosiza amanzi amile, ahlanganiswe nge-apple cider uviniga kwisilinganiso se-1 tsp. ngelitha ngalinye. Kusetshenziswa njalo ukuthambisa kwesithathu.
Umswakama womoya
Ubunzima obukhulu enqubeni yokukhula kwe-jasmine ukugcina izinga elifanele lomswakama. Izimbali ze-Moody azibekezeleli umoya owomile kakhulu: ezimeni ezinjalo zithambekele ezifweni futhi zihlaselwe yizinambuzane, ngenxa yokuthi ziyeka ukuqhakaza futhi zingafa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, isihlahla sivame ukufafazwa njalo ngolunye usuku ngamanzi athambile, ngezinsuku ezishisayo - kabili ngosuku. Esikhathini sasebusika, umoya wawuthe ukufudumala nokushisa okuphakeme, fafaza njalo ngezinsuku ezintathu. Izindlela ezisekelwayo yilezi:
- ukusetshenziswa kwesikhanyisi somoya;
- ukufakwa kwesitezi esidala esimanzi moss noma amatshe amatshe ngaphansi kwepaki lezimbali;
- ukuvula indwangu emanzi kubhethri lokushisa;
- indawo yokuhlala eduze nembiza enembali yezitsha ezigcwele amanzi.
Umanyolo
UJasmine udinga ukugcina isimo somhlabathi esifanele. Kufanele kukhululwe, kukhishwe, kufakwe i-acid kancane. Imvamisa, ingxube ekhethekile yama roses noma i-begonias isetshenziselwa ukutshala. Kwezinye izinhlobo zenhlabathi engeza ingxenye yesithathu ye-substrate yama-azaleas. Konke ukuxuba okulungile sekuvele kuqukethe umanyolo odingekayo nezinto zokulandela umkhondo.
Ukwakha izimo ezikahle zokukhula nokuqhakaza kwezimbali kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Agasti (kanye no-sambac - kuze kube sekupheleni kokuqhakaza), i-jasmine ifakwa ngomquba womanyolo bonke abenzelwe izitshalo eziqhakazayo. Kuyelulekwa ukusebenzisa izithako ezingezimbi zamaminerali kanye neze-organic. Amahlamvu abamba micronutrients ngokuphelele, ukufafaza ngefoli kusiza kakhulu.
Ukufakelwa
Ngemuva kokuthenga nokuzivumelanisa nemvelo yasekhaya, imbali idluliselwa ebhodweni elikhudlwana. Eminyakeni yokuqala, ukufakelwa kwempahla kwenziwa minyaka yonke, futhi kamuva - ngemuva kweminyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu. Imbiza entsha ithathwa ngamasentimitha ambalwa ngaphezulu.
Lapho ukufakelwa, ukuphathwa ngokucophelela kohlelo lwezimpande, okungafanele kuhlupheke kusuka kubuna, kubaluleke kakhulu. Kulokhu, izimpande ziqonde ngokucophelela. Isici esibalulekile ukugeleza kahle kwebhodwe, ngaphandle kwalokho umswakama owedlulele uzodala ukubola kohlelo lwezimpande.
Izihlahla
Ukwakheka komqhele kunomthelela omuhle ekuthuthukisweni kwesitshalo. Isikhathi esikahle sokuthena ukuphela kwesikhathi esibi (ngoFebhuwari - Mashi). Izihlahla kusiza ukukhulisa ukukhula futhi kwandise isikhathi sezimbali.
Kubalulekile ukunakekela ukuqothulwa okuphelele kwamahlumela omile nanonakalisiwe, amaqabunga nezimbali ezigciniweyo. Amahlumela kufanele ancishiswe owesithathu, esimweni seziguli - ngesigamu, ekugcineni kuzovela amagatsha amasha.
Ukuzala
I-jasmine yangaphakathi isakazeka ngezindlela ezimbili: ngokusika nokubeka, imbewu ngeke isebenze.
- Icebo lokuqala lithathwa njengelinzima futhi eliyinkimbinkimbi. Kwenziwa ekugcineni kokulungisa. Amahlumela akude afakwa emanzini, lapho aqala khona izimpande inyanga eyodwa, bese atshalwa emhlabathini. Ukuphoqa ukubangelwa kwezizinda zokusika, izingxenye ezi-oblique zigcinwa endaweni yokukhuthaza ukukhula.
- Indlela yokusabalalisa ngokwendlala ilula kakhulu, isetshenziswa entwasahlobo nasehlobo ikakhulukazi ekunyukeni kwezinhlobo. Kulokhu, igatsha lifakwe esitsheni esingeziwe ngenhlabathi futhi kubuye kube khona umswakama oludingekayo lapho. Ngemuva kokwakheka kwezimpande (imvamisa ekwindla), ihlumela elincane lihlukaniswe ngokucophelela nenqubo enkulu futhi litshalwe endaweni yalo yezimbali.
Izifo kanye nezinambuzane imbali
I-Indoor jasmine ingahlaselwa:
- ama-aphid;
- umkhaza;
- iqabunga weevil.
Lezi zinambuzane zidla ujusi wezitshalo. Ngenxa yalokhu, isihlahlana siyagula, siyeke ukuqhakaza, sidonsa amaqabunga futhi singafa uma imbangela yokubuna ingatholakali ngesikhathi futhi ingaqedi. Ukuvikela ukufa, imbali ihlolwa ngokuhlelekile.
Ama-aphid kulula ukukuthola: ahlala esidlekeni esingaphezulu. Kubonakala imikhaza kuwebhu engaphansi kweqabunga. I-weevil ihlala emhlabathini, kanti izibungu zidla ujusi wezitshalo. Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane ukusetshenziswa kwama-insecticides akhethekile ngokuya ngemiyalo enamathiselwe kuwo.
UMnu Dachnik uxwayisa: Ubunzima bokukhula kwejasmine
Ukwehluleka ukuthobela imithetho yokutshala i-jasmine kungadala izinkinga ekukhuleni kwayo nokuqhakaza kwezimbali. Ngemuva kokuhlaziya izinguquko ezimeni zembali, ungathola izimbangela zokulimala kwayo futhi uziqede.
- Amahlamvu aphuzi, aqhelelekile akhombisa umoya owomile egumbini kanye nomswakama onganele.
- Ukuwa kweqabunga esitshalweni kungaqala ngenxa yokugcwala. Impilo yeLeaf ngqo kuya ngesimo sezimpande, esingakwazi ukumelana namanzi ngokweqile bese siqala ukubola.
- Ukukhanya okunganele nakho kuthinta kabi ukukhula kwesitshalo. Kuqala ukwelula, ukuwohloka, ukulahlekelwa amaqabunga.
Ukuntuleka kokuqhakaza kwezimbali kukhombisa ukusilela kokuqukethwe:
- ukungahambisani nomswakama ofanele;
- umehluko wokushisa;
- ukuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba;
- ukuntuleka kokukhanya;
- ukuhlaselwa yizinambuzane.
I-jasmine ye-Indoor isithandwa kakhulu hhayi nje ngomphumela wayo wokuhlobisa, kepha nephunga lawo elihle. Izimbali zayo zisetshenziswa umuthi wendabuko, i-aromatherapy, amakha. Benza itiye elinamakha. Njengoba usufunde kahle izincomo futhi wazibona, ungafinyelela ukuqhakaza kwalembali enhle ekhaya.
