I-Magonia isihlahla esihlala sikhona noma isihlahla se-barus genus. Itholakala eMpumalanga ne-Asia Ephakathi, eNyakatho Melika. Isitshalo siqanjwe ngegama likaB. MacMahon. Wayisusa isuka entshonalanga ye-United States iye empumalanga. Uhlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingama-50. IMagnolia holly ingeyabo. Ibizwa nangokuthi “Oregon Amagilebhisi”.
Incazelo
I-Magonia ibekezelela kahle isomiso, ine-frost ukumelana, ukubekezelela umthunzi. Akufunwa enhlabathini futhi iyakwazi ukuthatha izimpande cishe kunoma yiziphi izimo. Ihluka ngezithelo ezimnandi, ezingezanayo ezinezinto zokwelapha.
IMagonia inezinhlaka zombala obomvana noma onsundu. Amaqabunga akhe aluhlaza, aluhlaza okotshani. Ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, kuqhakaze wonke amathoni aphuzi. Izimbali zihlala izinsuku ezingamashumi amabili kuya kwamashumi amathathu. Ukusuka ku-bluish, cishe izithelo ezimnyama (amajikijolo amnandi namuncu), i-confectionery, iwayini kukhiqizwa. Ngakho-ke, umbuzo uwukuthi ziyadliwa noma cha. Ukuvuthwa nokuvunwa kwenzeka ekupheleni kwehlobo noma ekuqaleni kwekwindla.
Ukubukwa komzila ophakathi nendawo
Izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-mahonia zithandwa endaweni yakithi:
- I-Holly-leaved: isihlahla, sifinyelela kububanzi bamamitha elilodwa nesigamu, ubude - imitha eyodwa. Ihluka ngezendlalelo ezinezimpande ezivundile.
- Ukukhamba: Isihlahla esinwabuzelayo esikhula sibe ngamasentimitha angama-45. Isetshenziselwa ukumboza umhlabathi, ukuklama izingadi zamatshe zokuhlobisa.
- IsiJapan: ukuphakama kufinyelela kumamitha amabili, ububanzi - abathathu. Ubude beplate yephepha bufika kumasentimitha angama-30. Inokusika okubomvu.
Imvamisa, kulezi zinhlobo eRussia, ungathola i-holly magonia. Yaziswa ngezithelo zayo. Ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphansi, okwazi ukumelana namaqhwa aze afike ku-30 ° C.
Ukufika kwangaphandle
Ukuze imilingo ithathe izimpande futhi ithele izithelo, ukutshala endaweni evulekile kumele kwenziwe ngokuya ngayo yonke imithetho. Indima ebalulekile idlalwa ukukhetha indawo.
Izinsuku, indawo, inhlabathi
Ukufakelwa okwenziwe kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho iqhwa lizoncibilika ngokuphelele kuze kube sekupheleni ekwindla. Isikhathi esihle kunazo zonke sithathwa njengoMashi 1-15.
Isitshalo sikhula kahle ezindaweni ezivulekile nezinelanga. Kodwa-ke, udinga i-penumbra encane amahora amaningi ngosuku. Ngakho-ke, kuhle uma izihlahla ezinde zitholakala eduzane ezivimba ilanga. Le ndawo idinga ukukhethwa ivikeleke kokubhaliwe kanye nama-gvers aqinile omoya.
Umthunzi omningi uthinta i-Magonia kabi: izithelo ziya ziba zimbi, inani labo liyancipha. Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside elangeni eliqondile kushisa uluhlaza lwesihlahla.
Ithatha izimpande kunoma iyiphi inhlabathi. Kepha kungcono ukufakela izinhlamvu ezintsha emhlabathini ngenani elikhulu le-humus. Umgodi wokufika umbozwe ngengxube yomhlaba wesod ne-humus ngesilinganiso esingu-1 kuye ku-2.
Imithetho, incazelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokutshalwa kwe-mahonia
Ukuhamba ngezinyawo kungokulandelayo:
- Lungiselela umgodi wokuhlwanyela amahlandla amathathu i-rhizome. Ukujula komgodi kungamasentimitha angama-50-60.
- Gcwalisa ngaphansi komgodi ngengxube ye-humus, inhlabathi yengadi nesihlabathi.
- Faka isithombo emgodini endaweni eqondile. Nge-rhizome evaliwe, kubalulekile ukuthi ungabhubhisi inhlama yobumba. Nge-open lay, iqonde.
- Fafaza umgodi kanye nenhlabathi yonke, ngaphandle kokuwuphazamisa kakhulu.
- Amanzi, qiniseka ukuthi umhlaba uhlala unomoya.
- Isiyingi se-trunk esiya ku-mulch.
- Ngemuva kokunisela lapho inhlabathi yomile.
Imithetho okufanele ibonwe ngesikhathi sokufika:
- Intamo yesithombo isezingeni elifanayo njengaphambi kokutshala, noma amasentimitha amabili noma amathathu aphansi.
- Uma amanzi eqongelela endaweni efakwa kuyo, kudingeka ungqimba lwamanzi: uthele izingcezu zezitini noma amatshe amasentimitha ayisishiyagalombili kuya kweziyishumi phansi komgodi. Lokhu kuzovikela ukubola kohlelo lwezimpande, kuthuthukise inqubo yezitshalo.
- Lapho izitshalo zikhule ngamaqembu, ibanga phakathi kwazo kufanele okungenani libe yimitha.
Magonia isuka ngokushesha emhlabathini ovulekile. Uma ukufika kusenziwa ngokulandela yonke imithetho nezincomo, ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo akubangeli inkinga enkulu. Ukufakelwa akulethi ukungahambi kahle esitshalweni.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Ukufaka izitshalo kunconyelwa okungenani kabili ngesizini. Ukondliwa kokuqala kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Izingxube nge-nitrogen ziyasetshenziswa. Umanyolo onjalo unesandla ekukhuleni kwamaqabunga ngokushesha nangokwengeziwe. Ngokwesibili abondla ngesikhathi sezimbali. Kusetshenziswa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi wamaminerali.
Izihlahla
UMagonia uyibekezelela kahle. Kepha awukwazi ukusika amagatsha amafushane kakhulu: lesi sitshalo siyoyeka ukunika ama-buds. Ungakha isitshalo ngemuva kokuqhakaza. Akunakwenzeka ukusika amagatsha ngama-ovari, izithelo zizovela kubo. Izimbali eziqhakaza kuphela zivela emagatsheni e-biennial. Ukuvuna ngonyaka olandelayo, zinganqunywa phakathi.
Ukuzala
Lesi sitshalo sihlukaniswa ukusikwa, izimpande amahlumela noma layering, imbewu. Inketho yamuva ithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yobunkimbinkimbi:
- isidingo sokudukelwa phansi (ukuthambisa imbewu);
- iningi lokucatshangelwa yi-hybrid: amathuba okuhlukahluka anciphile;
- izithombo zikhula isikhathi eside;
- izimbali iminyaka emithathu kuphela ngemuva kokutshala.
Ngezinye izindlela ezintathu zokuzala, lobu bunzima abukho. Ukutshala ngesinyathelo ngesinyathelo kwe-mahonia ngokusika:
- Izinto ezihlanganisiwe ezisikiwe zishunqulwa ngamahlamvu angama-6-8 entwasahlobo noma ekwindla.
- Izilimo ziphathwa ngeKornevin, ibekwe enhlabathini efihlekile ezimbili ejulile.
- Uhlelo lwezimpande kufanele lube nemfudumalo, futhi oluphambili lube ngcono. Imvamisa isitsha esinezithombo zezitshalo sibekwa eduzane nebhethri, imifino ingaphezulu kwezinga lewindows.
Izakhiwo zidinga ukuphiniwa emhlabathini entwasahlobo. Bahlukaniswe yisitshalo somama ekwindla. Amaphesenti okubonakala kwezithombo ezisezingeni eliphakeme aphezulu kunalapho etshalwe ngokusika. Izimpande zezimpande ziyinto enhle kakhulu yokuzalanisa.
Ubusika obufanele esifundeni saseMoscow nakwezinye izindawo
I-Magonia ibekezelela amazinga okushisa aphansi kahle. Kuphela ngamabhishi amancane atshalwe unyaka owodwa noma emibili edlule okufanele alungiselelwe ubusika. Kwenzeka kanjena:
- Ngo-Okthoba, uhlelo lwezimpande luyi-spud. Umjikelezo wentamo nesiqu usimbozwe ngumhlaba (ukuphakama kwawo, okungcono).
- Mulch ngotshani, sawdust, hay. Isisekelo sesihlahla simbozwe ngamagatsha e-fir spruce. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuvikela umnkantsha obandayo.
- Amagatsha e-mahonia avikela ngokulala ngeqhwa. Kungakhethwa, kepha kusiza kahle lapho kubanda.
Amagatsha e-Mulch ne-spruce asuswa ngokushesha lapho iqhwa lihlibilika. Lokhu kuyadingeka ekushiseni komhlaba. Inhlabathi ezungeze isitshalo idaliwe.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Lesi sitshalo aluvamile ukuthintwa izinambuzane nezifo. Kwesinye isikhathi ku-mahonia avele:
- I-Powdery Mildew Kubonakala amabala amhlophe ngaphezulu kwepuleti lamaqabunga, okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lidlulele kuyo yonke ingxenye yendiza. Uma uhlolisisa lesi simila ngokucophelela, ungabona i-cobweb, izigaxa zoboya bekotini. I-Powdery mildew yonakalisa ukubukeka kwe-mahonia, kepha ayiholeli ekufeni kwayo. Ungasusa lesi sifo ngokufafaza ngeFundazol, Topsin-M, Karatan. Ukukhwabanisa kwenziwa kanye ngosuku izinsuku eziyishumi nambili.
- Ukugqwala. Kwakhiwa ama-pulethi ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene nobukhulu. Uma ukwakheka kulimele, kufakwa kubo u-“rusty” powder onenqwaba yezinhlamvu. Ukusuka ku-pathology, izixazululo zesikhunta zisiza: I-Tsineb, i-Abiga-Peak, i-Bayleton, i-Oksikhom.
- I-Phyllosticosis iyi-lesion fungal ebangela ukwakheka kwezindawo ezinkulu kumahlamvu. Phezulu kwamathagi, kuvela ama-pycnids. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isikhunta sinikeza izizukulwane eziningana. Lesi sitshalo ilahlekelwa ukubukeka kwayo kokuhlobisa. I-Foliage iwela ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukuqhakaza nezithelo kuya ngokuya kukhula. Ukulahla entwasahlobo, amaqabunga athintekile ayaqoqwa futhi abhujiswe. IMagonium ngokwayo iphathwa nge-Oxechome, iKaptan noma i-Phthalan ngaphambi kokuqala kokugeleza kwe-sap.
- I-Stagonosporosis. Kubonakala ngokubonakala kwezindawo ezi-oval ezinomngcele ezungeze imiphetho yamapuleti eqabunga. Ngaphezulu kwabo ifomu le-pycnids eliyindilinga. UMagonia ubuna futhi afe. Ukwelashwa kuyafana nange-phylostictosis.
Umhlali wasehlobo uyancoma: mahonia - ubuhle nokuhle
IMagonia isikhulile ukuhlobisa iziza. Isihlahla sigcina imiphumela yaso yokuhlobisa unyaka wonke. Lesi sitshalo sibekezelela ukungcoliswa komoya onamandla, intuthu.
Embukweni, i-mahonia isetshenziswa ngezindlela ezihlukile ngenxa yokuhluka kwayo:
- otshaliwe eduze kwezakhiwo;
- ukuhlobisa imithambeka;
- ukuhlobisa utshani, izikwele, amapaki, izikebhe;
- dala uthango, imingcele ephansi;
- gcwalisa izilayidi ze-alpine;
- otshalwe eceleni komgwaqo omkhulu, imigwaqo.
I-shrub ihamba kahle nezinye izitshalo. Isibonelo, nge-magnolia, begonia. I-Magonia ivame ukutshalwa isizinda sematshe, ngakho-ke ibukeka ihlaba umxhwele ngokwengeziwe.
Izithelo zesitshalo ziyadliwa. Ebusika, amajikijolo aqandisiwe noma enhlabathini noshukela. Benza ujamu, ukulondolozwa, amazambane abunjiwe, i-marmalade, ne-compote. Futhi, amajikijolo e-mahonia udayi wemvelo.
I-Rhizome isetshenziswa komunye umuthi, ngoba ucebiswa nge-ascorbic acid, tannins, acid kanye ne-alkaloids. Ngenxa yalokhu kuhlanganiswa, izindlela ezivela ku-mahonia zinika lokhu okulandelayo kokwelashwa:
- banciphisa umzimba, bandisa imisebenzi yokuvikela;
- thuthukisa iphango;
- vimbela ukuguga kwasekuqaleni;
- qinisa izindonga ze-vascular, ngcono ukuhamba kwegazi;
- qeda imiphumela emibi yama-radicals wamahhala;
- asize ngezimo ze-pathological zezitho zangaphakathi: cholecystitis, hepatitis, dysbiosis;
- chitha ama-microorganisms we-pathogenic;
- phumula ukuqubuka okushubile, i-herpes, i-eczema, i-psoriasis;
- yehlisa ukugcwala kwe-glucose kanye ne-lipids, kufaka isandla ekwakhekeni kwemvelo kwe-insulin (lokhu kulungele isifo sikashukela).
Naphezu kwezakhiwo eziningi eziwusizo, isithako sesitshalo sine-contraindication:
- ukungabekezelelani kwezakhi;
- isikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye ne-hepatitis B;
- iminyaka yezingane.
Imikhiqizo esekwe Magonium inokunye ukulinganiselwa ekusebenziseni kwabo. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa, ukubonisana nodokotela kuyadingeka.
