I-Echeveria yiqembu labaphethi abangapheli be-herbaceous abavela emndenini weCrassulaceae. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-170 zezinhlobo. Ungatholakala eMexico, e-USA, eSouth America.
Incazelo ye-echeveria
Amaqabunga ahlanganisiwe, enamanzi, enemifino, aqoqiwe kuma-rosette angama-3-40 cm.Ayizicaba, ziyindilinga, ziyindilinga enemiphetho eqondile. Umbala uluhlaza, obomvu, onsundu. Amapulangwe angama-pubescent noma ngokufaka i-wax. Kwezinye izinhlobo, isiqu asikho, kwezinye siyaphakama.
Izimbali zincanyana, zinhlanu, zibukeka ngendlela yensimbi enamaphawu amakhulu namanzi. Kunemibala ehlukahlukene: ophuzi, obomvu-onsundu, osawolintshi ovuthayo. Kuqoqwe i-inflorescence eqondile etholakala kuma-pedicels aze afike ku-50 cm ukuphakama. Ekupheleni kwabo, ukwakheka kwengane kuqala. Uhlelo lwezimpande alunamibono engaphezulu, yefilimu. Ezinye izinhlobo zinikeza amahlumela ezinwabuzelayo.
I-Echeveria ifana neyemncane, kepha ungayididisi. Isitshalo sokuqala asikubekezeleli ukushisa okuphansi, ikakhulukazi isithwathwa. Emgqeni wethu, ukhule kuphela njengembali yegumbi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abancane balindela ubusika emoyeni ovulekile, noma bungekho indawo yokukhosela.
Izinhlobo ze-Echeveria
Izinhlobo zokukhula ekhaya:
| Okuhlukahlukene | Iziqu / Amasokisi | Kushiya | Izimbali / izimbali |
| Agave | Kufinyeziwe. Ubukhulu nokuyindilinga. | Esisekelweni sandiswa, kufakwe phakathi. I-soft emerald hue. Amaphethelo akhonjisiwe aluhlaza okotshani ophuzi ngokunamathela okupunga okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. | Iphuzi noma libomvu bell. Intwasahlobo ihlobo. |
| Izinwele ezimhlophe | Kufinyeziwe. Kufika ku-15 cm. | I-Lanceolate, i-olong. Uhlangothi lwangaphandle luyisicaba, olungaphakathi lubucwebe. Umbala we-Emerald onefreyimu emnyama ne-villi emhlophe. | Obomvu ngombala obomvu ezintanjeni ezinde eziphakeme. Ntwasahlobo |
| Ukuqhakaza | Ukhungathekile. Kusukela amahlumela aphuma phambili we-oda yesi-2 aphuma. | I-Oval-oblong enesiphetho esiyi-islet. Umbala oluhlaza okotshani nokuthinta ku-perimeter. | Scarlet, 1-2 cm ububanzi. Ukuphela kobusika ukuqala kwentwasahlobo. |
| IHumpalaceae Metallica | Ayilawulwa, i-ligned. Ngamacembe ayi-15- 20. | I-Lanceolate, enesiphetho esikhombe. Isifunda sangaphandle sinomugqa, sinesigaxa sangaphakathi. Imiphetho kukhona wavy. Hue kusuka grey-blue-green to red-grey ngohlaka olukhanyayo. | Izinsimbi ezibomvu-uphuzi, kufinyelela kububanzi obungu-2 cm. Inyanga yokugcina yehlobo. |
| Derenberg | Kuvinjelwe, kukhasa. Ifomu elifanele. | I-shovel, eluhlaza enomngcele obomvana noma omnyama. | Izinsimbi ezibomvu-uphuzi kuma-pedicels. Kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuJuni. |
| Unomusa | Kwenziwe ngaphansi. Ubukhulu. | Kukalwe, ekugcineni okukhonjisiwe, okuluhlaza okukhanyayo noma ukugoba okuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. | Ipinki, ichopho eliphuzi ophuzi kuma-peduncle ayi-bark. Meyi |
| Ihlanganisiwe | Kufushwe, kunotshani. Kuthululiwe. | Kukaliwe, kunamafutha. Luhlaza okotshani nge-silvery villi, okomgogodla emikhawulweni. | Downy, obomvu ophuzi, cm cm cm. Ingxenye yokuqala kaMashi. |
| IPicoca | Kafushane, kuqondile. Kuyashisa. | Imbozwe umgexo, ine-islet end, i-grey-blue-green. | Olubomvu, olusendaweni yokuhamba drooping. Meyi - Juni. |
| Shaviana | IGrassy, ithuthukisiwe. Uphawu, uphawu njalo. | Ifulethi, okusaqanda, okunesiphelo. | I-Pink, etholakala kuzinyawo eziqondile, ezinamagatsha anamanzi. NgoJuni |
| Bristly | Cishe akekho. Kuvaliwe. | I-Lanceolate, enamanzi. Ipendwe ngokulingene ithoni eluhlaza ekhanyayo. Ipuleti linombala onombala wesiliva. | Encane, ifinyelela ku-1 cm. Iqoqwe kuma-inflorescence 30-40 cm. Ukuqala kwehlobo. |
| Isifiso | Isikhathi eside, drooping. I-compact, ifinyelela ku-10 cm. | Encane ngosayizi, iblue. | Okuphuzi emicibishweni eseceleni. Ihlobo |
| Lau | Mfushane noma engekho. Ijusi. | Inyama, okusaqanda, okumhlophe ngombala omhlophe. | Ipinki emnyama, eqoqwe kuma-inflorescence. Ephreli - Meyi. |
| Isikhulu esimnyama | Kucishe kungabonakali. Ijusi, eminyene. | Luhlaza omnyama nobude obunesiphelo esikhomba. | Okubomvu, okuqoqwe ngebala. Ukuphela kwehlobo. |
| I-Pearl yaseNuremberg | Iqondile, imfishane. Ubukhulu, ubukhulu be-10-20 cm. | Ubanzi futhi unamanzi, uqhakaza obomvana. | Kubomvu okubomvu. Ihlobo |
| UMiranda | Abekho. Encane, icocekile, ngesimo esifana ne-lotus. | Oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onsomi, obomvu, wesiliva, ophuzi, opinki. | Kupinki okufudumele. Intwasahlobo nehlobo. |
Nakekela i-echeveria ekhaya
I-Echeveria iyisitshalo esingenakukhathazeka, sinezimpande ngokuphelele efulethini. Ukunakekelwa kwezimbali zesizini ekhaya:
| Ipharamitha | Intwasahlobo / ihlobo | Ukuwa / ubusika |
| Ukushisa | + 22 ... +27 ° С. | Ekuphumuleni - + 10 ... +15 ° С. Lapho kuqhakaza izimbali - hhayi ngaphansi kuka +18 ° C. |
| Umswakama | Dinga umoya owomile, ungafafazi. | |
| Ukunisela | Njengoba ungqimba oluphezulu loma. | Kanye ngenyanga. Ngokuphumula kobusika - kuphela ngokuswayipha kwamaqabunga. |
| Isibani | Imisebe ye-ultraviolet eqondile. | |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Kanye ngenyanga. | Akudingeki. |
Ukufakelwa
Abanye abalimi batusa ukuthi esikhundleni saso leso sitshalo siqhume emgqonyeni wokuthumela, njengoba inhlabathi ekuwo ihloselwe ukuthuthukiswa kwe-echeveria. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi uma imbali iyinyanga ezweni elinjalo, akukho lutho olubi oluzokwenzeka kulo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ama-unsulents azobhekana ne-acclimatization, ajwayele izimo ezintsha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kubeke endaweni enomthunzi ukuze yomiswe kalula, ngaphambi kokuvela kwezimpande zezindiza.
Isendlalelo senziwe izingxenye ezilandelayo ezingxenyeni ze-3: 1: 1: 0.5:
- umhlaba wegadi;
- amatshe amatshe;
- Peat;
- namalahle.
Ungathenga inhlabathi nge-cacti kanye ne-anculents, uyixube ngamatshe amancane ku-4 kuye ku-1. Ngemuva kokulungiselela lesi sisekelo, kunconywa ukuthi uyihlole ukuze ifaneleke: cindezela umhlaba omanzi ngenqindi, ngemuva kokuthi ungakacolwa, kufanele udilike.
Imbiza iyadingeka ngaphezu kuka-1-1.5 cm ngaphezu kweyedlule. Umuthi onamaphaphu unesistimu yezimpande engaphezulu, ngakho-ke kudingeka isitsha esibanzi kodwa esingajulile esinezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi.
Lapho ukutshala izinto kuncane, kunconywa ukuthi kutshalwe ezingilazini zokukhulisa. Lapho nje ama-bushs esenamandla, angathuthelwa emabhodweni angapheli. Izitsha ezinkulu zisetshenziselwa ukubeka izimo eziningana ze-echeveria ngasikhathi sinye. Amabhasi kufanele aniselwe ngokucophelela ukuze ukunggelezi kwamanzi kungenzeki.
Ukufika ngesinyathelo-ngesinyathelo:
- Beka ungqimba lwamanzi ayi-2 cm.
- Thela inani elincane le-substrate, faka imbali kuyo.
- Faka inhlabathi ezimpandeni zentamo.
Kumatshe amsulwa:
- 1/3 lembiza igcwalise ngamatshe.
- Faka isihlahla kuyo.
- Mboza isikhala esisele nezinsalela zervevel.
Lapho lesi sitshalo sikhulu, amatshe kufanele abe likhulu.
Izinhlobo zethu ezintsha zidinga ukuthungwa kanye ngonyaka. Abantu abadala - njengoba kunesidingo, ngokukhula kwezimpande noma ukulimala kwezifo, izinambuzane.
Ukuzala
I-Echeveria iqhume:
- ukusikwa okunamahlamvu;
- amahlumela apical futhi basal;
- kuyaqabukela imbewu, ngoba inqubo elukhuni.
Indlela yokuqala yokuzala imi kanje:
- Hlukanisa amaqabunga aphansi akhiwe. Yoma amahora ama-2.
- Cindezela umhlabathi emthambekeni omncane.
- Futha, amboze nge-polyethylene.
- Shiya cishe ngo-+25 ° C. Hlanza indawo yokukhosela nsuku zonke, ugcobe amahlumela.
- Ngemuva kwamaviki angama-2-3, izitolo ezincane zizokhula. Lapho iqabunga lokutshala loma, faka amahlumela.
Ukutshala amahlumela we-basal noma apical:
- Sika amahlumela, ususe amaqabunga aphansi ama-3-4, ushiye endaweni emnyama amahora amaningi.
- Thela isendlalelo ebhodweni, unamathisele izisekelo kulo, u-moisten.
- Gcina ku + 22 ... +24 ° C, amanzi nsuku zonke.
- Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingama-2-3, zingadluliselwa ezitsheni ezihlukile. Uma isitshalo sikhula kancane, kungcono ukuhlehlisa ukunyakaza kuze kube sentwasahlobo.
Ukukhula Kwembewu:
- NgoFebhuwari-Mashi, ukusabalalisa ngokulinganayo ebusweni.
- Moisten, amboze ngengilazi.
- Gcina ku + 20 ... +25 ° C, amanzi kanye nomoya omncane.
- Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingama-2-3, faka amahlumela ezitsheni ezincane. Lapho izihlahla zifinyelela ku-3 cm, zihambise ezimbizeni ezingapheli.
Izinkinga ekukhuleni kwe-echeveria
Ngamaphutha ekunakekelweni, i-Echeveria ilahlekelwa umphumela wayo wokuhlobisa noma ifa. Izimbangela zezinkinga nezixazululo:
| Izimpawu | Izizathu | Ukwelashwa |
| Izindawo ezimpunga, ukwephulwa kokuhlanganiswa kwe-waxy. |
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| Isihlahla sintekenteke, sithole umthunzi ompunga noma omnyama. | Umswakama owengeziwe futhi obandayo. |
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| Isokhethi selikhululekile futhi lakhula. Amahlamvu asephelile. | Ukuntuleka kokukhanya. | Kancane kancane engeza izinga lokukhanya. Uma kwenziwa ngokungazelelwe, isihlahla siba nengcindezi futhi sigule. |
| Imbali ikhula kancane, amaqabunga mancane. |
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| Amapulangwe kanye nezisekelo kuyashwabana, komile. | Inhlabathi ayithanjiswanga lapho kushiswa. |
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Izifo nezinambuzane ze-Echeveria
I-Echeveria ithintwa yizifo nezinambuzane.
| Izifo / inkathazo | Izimpawu | Izindlela zokuqeda |
| I-Mealybug | Ukuba khona kwe-flu-off-white fluff, efana noboya bekotini, esiqwini nasezitolo. Ngokuhlulwa okunamandla, imifino iyawela futhi iwe. |
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| Impande isibungu | Izinambuzane zincela ujusi kusuka ezimpandeni. Ama-greens aphenduka aphuzi, aphenduke aphuzi, abune. Inhlanganisela emhlophe engwevu emhlophe efana ne-wax ibonakala emaphethelweni ebhodwe. Ungabona izinambuzane ngesikhathi sokufakelwa. |
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| Amathambo amade | Lezi izibungu ezincane ezincela ujusi kusuka kuma-rhizomes. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukudumba kuyabonakala kuso, lapho inkathazo yenza umsebenzi wayo obalulekile. Ngomonakalo omkhulu, uhlelo lwezimpande luyafa, isihlahla siyafa. | |
| Ukubola kwezimpande | Izimpande, isiqu, amaqabunga akhululekile, athambile, amnyama. Luhlaza okhula lube mncane, luphuzi, luyawa. Ngenxa yalokho, isihlahla siyafa. |
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