IJatropha isitshalo esidlekayo imvelo evela emndenini i-Euphorbiaceae. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-170 zazo emhlabeni. Indawo yokusabalalisa - America, Africa, India. E-Russia, i-jatropha itholakala kuphela ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo noma ngamaqoqo abathandi bezimbali ezingaqhelekanga.
Incazelo yeJatropha
Isiqu esinezimpawu ezinesimo sebhodlela singafinyelela ku-0.5 m ukuphakama ngezimo ezikhula ekhaya. Entwasahlobo, izimbali ziqala futhi ziqhubeke kuze kube ekwindla, ebusika, ngaphambi kokuqala kokuzila, isitshalo silahla amahlamvu.
Izimbali ze-jatropha ziqhakaza ezinezimbali ezi-bisexual, burgundy ezikhanyayo, izimbali zamawolintshi noma omnyama opinki. Ukuze uthele izithelo ngokuzayo, kubalulekile ukuzimela ngokuzimela.
Izithelo ziyimbewu kanxantathu ovundile efinyelela ku-2,5 cm ubude.
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-jatropha etafuleni
Izingxenye eziningi ze-jatropha zinobuthi, ngakho-ke azikho izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-5 zezitshalo ezingaziwa ukuthi zivame kangakanani ezindlini naseziqandeni zezimbali. Okungukuthi:
| Buka | Incazelo |
| IGout (gouty) | Isiqu esime ngendlela efanayo ne-Greek amphora futhi sikhula ngokuphakama ngo-70 cm ngenxa ye-peduncle. Izimbali ezincane zombala wamakhorali, eziqoqwe kuzambulela. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amaqabunga aguqula umbala usuka kokuluhlaza okotshani kuya ku-matte hue omnyama. |
| I-Kurkas | Kuyivelakancane, ikhula ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-6. Ngenxa yezithelo zayo ezinamandla, igama lesibili iBarbados. Izimbali eziphuzi ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescence angajwayelekile. |
| Ngokweqile | Imelelwa ngesihlahla noma isihlahla kuze kufike ku-4 m amancane. Izinketho ezingenamkhawulo zingenzeka ekwakhekeni komqhele, ngoba isitshalo sibekezelela ipinki kahle. I-inflorescences inesimo se-racemose, ngokunakekelwa kwe-jatropha ngokucophelela iyakwazi ukuqhakaza unyaka wonke. |
| Kukhishwe | Lapho igcinwa ekhaya, ibukeka njengomuthi wesundu omncane. Amacembe ahlukaniswe ama-lobes amaningana ngombala oluhlaza okotshani, ocishe ube nsomi. |
Ukukhula kwegumbi jatropha
Isitshalo sikhetheni, kepha sidinga ukunakwa. Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kufanele kuhlukaniswe ngokwesikhathi sokuphumula.
| Isikhombi | Intwasahlobo / ihlobo | Ukuwa / ubusika |
| Isibani | Kuyafaneleka ukudala umthunzi ovela elangeni eliqondile. | Ukukhanyisa okungeziwe akudingeki. |
| Ukushisa | Kusuka ku-+19 ° C kuya ku- +25 ° C. | Kusuka ku- + 13 ° C kuya ku- +15 ° C. |
| Ukunisela | Ezingxenyeni ezincane, ngaphandle kokuchichima. | Yima ngemuva kokuwa kweqabunga. |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Kanye ngenyanga ngamanyolo ama-anculents noma i-cacti. | Ekuphumuleni azikhiqizi. |
Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya kwe-Gout Jutropha
Ukunakekela le zinhlobo kudinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe. I-Gout ayilunganga kokubhaliwe nokushisa ngokweqile; ukuyibeka ngaphandle kuvulandi ehlobo akunconywa. Isimo esiyinhloko sokunakekelwa ukuthambisa okufanele. Njengoba isitshalo sinesiqu esingagcina umswakama, singahamba ngaphandle komswakama isikhathi eside. Uma uvula njalo imbali futhi inala, izimpande zizoqala ukubola, ngenxa yalokho, zizokufa. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwalolu hlobo kudinga ukwenziwa futhi ngokunakekelwa okukhulu.
Ebusika, i-gouty jatropha ilahla amahlamvu ngokuphelele, ukunisela nokondla kukhanseliwe, futhi ukunakekelwa kwentwasahlobo kuyaqala kabusha.
Isimo esibalulekile yikhwalithi yamanzi yokunisela, kufanele ixazululwe, emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni. Ukufakwa umswakama okwengeziwe akudingekile.
Ukufakwa kweJatropha
Lapho ufaka kabusha isitshalo, kubalulekile ukuthi unakekele usayizi wembiza nenhlabathi entsha. Umhlaba ofanelekile ama-anculents noma i-cacti. Ungahlanganisa izingxenye ezilandelayo ngokwakho ku-2: 1: 1: 1, ngokulandelana:
- ishidi lomhlaba;
- Peat;
- i-turf;
- isihlabathi.
Ubumba olwandisiwe, ama-chips wezitini, i-perlite asetshenziswa njenge-drainage.
I-jatropha itshalwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngokushesha lapho amaqabunga amancane aqala ukuvela, kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-3. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuzama ukwephula ubuqotho bethambo lobumba. Ukufakelwa kuqedwa ngokuhlanganisa umhlabathi we-aquarium, amatshe amatshe amancane noma ama-chip amatshe.
Ukuzalanisa kweJatropha
Lesi sitshalo sandiswa ngezindlela ezimbili:
- Izimbumbulu - ezisikiwe futhi zibekwe endaweni yokukhuthaza ukukhula. Kutshalwe emhlabathini, isikhathi sokukhula kwezimpawu sigcina izinga lokushisa lika +30 ° C. Balinda amaviki ama-4, bese atshalwa ezitsheni ezingapheli.
- Imbewu - pre-conduct impova yokufakelwa. Ngemuva kokuvuthwa, lesi sitshalo sisabalalisa imbewu, ngakho-ke izithelo ziboshwe emasakeni we-gauze. Ukuhlwanyelwa kwenziwa phezu kwenhlabathi, isitsha sivaliwe ngengilazi sihlanzwe egumbini elifudumele. Amahlumela wokuqala azovela emasontweni ama-2.
Izifo nezinambuzane ze-jatropha
| Izizathu | Izimpawu | Izinyathelo zokulungisa |
| Isikhala sesicabucabu | I-Foliage iyawa futhi iphenduka iphuzi ngesikhathi sonyaka esibi. | Ukwelashwa ngama-insecticides (Fitoverm, Fufanon, Akarin). |
| Ama-Thrips | Izimbali azonakalisiwe futhi ziyawa. | Geza ngamanzi afudumele bese uphatha ngama-insecticides. |
| Ukubola kwezimpande | Uhlelo lonke lwezimpande noma izingxenye zalo ngazinye ziyabola. | Yehlisa ukuthambisa okukhulu. |
