I-Muskari (i-Armeni Viper) iyimbali evela emndenini wakwa-Asparagus (owayekade eyi-lily). Bayibiza ngokuthi i-anyanisi yenyoka, i-hyacinth yamagilebhisi. Kwenzeka eduze nezihlahlana, emathafeni, emaphethelweni amahlathi, emithambekeni yezintaba. Indawo yokusabalalisa: eCaucasus, eCrimea, eYurophu, eNtshonalanga Asia, naseMedithera. Itshalwa njengembali yokuhlobisa, ikhule otshanini, emagqumeni ase-alpine, emngceleni. Hlanganisa lesi sitshalo kuma-ephemerophytes, anesikhathi esifushane sokukhula.
Isincazelo seMuscari
Lokhu kuyimbali ehlala njalo enama-cylindrical, oblong noma i-perianth. Izimbali ngo-Ephreli - Meyi - izinsuku ezingama-20. Izimbali ezinama-petals ayisithupha afakwe emabhulashini, atholakala esiqwini esiphakeme, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okumhlophe, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-azure, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Banephunga elimnandi elimnandi. Umsuka, amaqabunga akhonjisiwe anama-rosette endawo ahambelana nendawo afinyelela ku-17 cm. Ama-oval ama-scales anesikali esikhanyayo sangaphandle, 20 mm ububanzi, cm 15-25 cm.
Izinhlobo, izinhlobo ze-muscari
The ezivame kakhulu izinhlobo 60:
I-Armenien (Colchis) - iboniswa ngamaphaladi anemibala emibili enamakha ku-inflorescence eyindilinga. Ngaphezulu zinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka onomhlanga omhlophe, ngezansi alula. Amaqabunga aqondile, ancishisiwe, aqhakaza ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi ngezinsuku ezingama-20. Ikhula eCaucasus, etholakala eTurkey. Ibanga elinobunzima obungakhethi ubusika.
Izinhlobo zayo:
- I-Terry Blue Spike - i-inflorescence ye-cornflower ngesimo sesixha inezimbali ezingaba ngu-180. Iqhakaza ngemuva kwamasonto ayi-2 ukwedlula konke, ayitheli zithelo. Bajabulela ukubukwa kwayo amasonto amathathu, bakhule ezivandeni, benze amalungiselelo ezimbali.
- UKhisimusi Pearl - Izimbali ezimnyama onsomi ezinephunga elimnandi.
- Indalo Yemaphutsa - ehlukile ekushintsheni imibala kusuka kokuluhlaza kuya kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- IVenus iyinhlobonhlobo entsha, ehunyushwa ngokuthi iVenus, inezimbali ezimhlophe ezinezintambo ezibubende.
- Izulu-libunjiwe - isibhakabhaka-luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, izimbali ezincane ezimhlophe. Inezinhlobo ezimbili: I-albhamu - efana nethanga, iCorneum - njengefu elipinki. Ukhula eCentral, Eningizimu Yurophu.
- I-Broadleaf - amaqabunga afana ne-tulip ebanzi kunamanye wonke. Ama-inflorescence angama-cylindrical, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kuqhamuke izikejana ezimbalwa ezisuka kubani elilodwa. Kutholakala e-Asia Minor.
- I-Pale - izimbali eziphansi ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ezifana nensimbi. Ikhula ezimangeni zaseCaucasian. Kwaqhamuka kuye kwaqhamuka i-White Rose (pink) edumile.
- I-Crested - ihlukaniswa izimbali eziqhakazile ze-violet eziqoqwe ku-crest, ukuphakama kwesitshalo kufinyelela kuma-70 cm.Ihlobo elidume kakhulu lale hlobo lwePlumezum, likhula eYurophu naseNyakatho Afrika.
- I-Tubergen (Osh) - amaqabunga abunjiwe ngesikela, izimbali ze-azure, ziboshwe emaphethelweni aze afike ku-18 cm, efihlekile ezimhlophe ngaphezulu. Kuyatholakala e-Iran.
- Izithelo ezinkulu - luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ophuzi, izimbali ezinsundu zikhulu kunezinye izinhlobo. Ezasekhaya - Greece, Western Turkey.
- I-Neglectum (engatholakali) - amacembe ansomi anomngcele omhlophe ezansi futhi isibhakabhaka esiluhlaza phezulu.
- I-Belozevny - i-inflorescence yombala we-ultramarine (ifaka izingcezu ezinezimbali ezingamashumi amane), amacembe ahlelwa ngamakhethini amhlophe. Iqhamuka esifundeni soLwandle Olumnyama, e-Iran.
Ukutshala uMuscari emhlabathini ovulekile
Kuqukethe ukukhetha indawo, ukulungisa inhlabathi nokusebenzisa umanyolo. Lesi sitshalo sithande izindawo ezihlukaniswe yilanga, kepha sikhula emthunzini, asimbozwa ubusika. Imbali ayikhethi ngomhlabathi, idinga ukukhanya okuphakathi noma okuphakathi, okune-acidic kancane, kanti nezimbali ezinhle kakhulu zikhula kuso.
Etshalwe esikhathini ekwindla (Septhemba - Okthoba), lesi sitshalo simila ngaphambi kwezimbali. Ngaphambi kokutshala, hlola isibani ngasinye, ususe obolile, owonakele. Belashwa nge-Fitosporin (noma isisombululo se-2% malathion, bese-manganese). Zibekwe ekujuleni okufika ku-8 cm ubukhulu, ama-3 cm amancane, phakathi kwama-5 kuye ku-10 cm. Okokuqala, zigaya umhlaba, ziwunisele kakhulu, zithululela isihlabathi emigodini.
Uma bekungenakwenzeka ukutshala imbali ekwindla, kwenze entwasahlobo. Lapho iqhwa liyancibilika, ama-bulbs athengiwe ahlukaniswa futhi atshalwe ngendlela efanayo. Luzoqhakaza ngonyaka olandelayo.
Izici zokunakekelwa kwe-muscari emhlabathini ovulekile
I-viter anyanisi idinga inhlabathi enomswakama, uma kungekho kwezulu, amanzi ekuseni. Akuhlwanyelwa endaweni evulekile lapho ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo, kuleli cala, kufihlwa khona ngomakhelwane abaphezulu. Gcoba ngama-humus entwasahlobo (1 kg idinga ama-5 kg), noma ngabe kuvela amahlumela, kwakheka ama-buds. Lapho sezikhulile etshanini, azizikhuli kuze kube yilapho amaqabunga ebala esomile.
Izimbali nokufakelwa
Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali, zihlala zikhulula futhi zikhule umhlabathi. Isikhathi sayo singamaviki angama-3-4. Ukufakelwa kuyadingeka kanye ngeminyaka engama-3-5 noma uma izimbali zilahleka ukubukeka kwazo.
Ngemuva kwezimbali
Lapho i-mouse hyacinth iphela, imvuthuluka yezimbali iyasuswa, futhi izingxube ze-liquid eziqukethe i-potassium ne-phosphorus kudliwa ngaphansi kwempande. Ekwindla, cishe akukho ukuthambisa. Ebusika basebenzisa i-peat njenge-mulch.
Ukulungiselela ubusika, ukugcinwa kwama-Muscari bulbs
Ngobusika, ama ngokuvamile awumbiwa, enza kuphela ama-humus, amaqhubu asikiwe, amaqabunga awadatshulwa.
Uma ama-bulbs edinga ukumba, kuphela ngemuva kokuthi amaqabunga esomile futhi agcinwe ngaphansi kwemibandela ethile:
- Omisiwe.
- Ukungcwatshwa nge-peat noma esihlabathini.
- Hlola njalo futhi uhlanzekile abolile.
- Gcina ku +17 ° C nomswakama 70%.
Ukuzala kabusha kweMuscari
I-Muscari isatshalaliswa ngama-bulbs (cishe izingcezu ezingama-30 zakheka ezinganeni) - zihlukaniswe ngokucophelela kusuka komama kanye nomhlabathi, futhi kutshalwe ngendlela ejwayelekile. Izimbali ziqala ngonyaka wesibili.
Imbewu (lokhu kwenziwa ngabafuyi bezitshalo) - baqoqa imbewu engxenyeni engezansi yamahlumela, bahlwanyele ekwindla, ama bulbs akhiwa entwasahlobo. Izimbali ziyoba ngemuva kweminyaka emi-3. Ezinye izinhlobo azonakalanga; azikwazi ukwandiswa ngale ndlela.
Izifo zeMuscari nezinambuzane
I-Muscari kwesinye isikhathi ithelelelela ama-mosaic viral:
- I-anyanisi - amaqabunga ancishisiwe, ukukhula kuncipha.
- Ikhukhamba - imivimbo eluhlaza okotshani namabala emaqabungeni, awonakele.
Uma kutholakala i-mosaic, ama-hyacinths athintekayo ayabiwa futhi abhujiswe ngokushesha.
Izinambuzane azihlaseli imbali:
- I-Spider mite - kusetshenziswa imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali: iVermitek, iKorin.
- Isithwali se-mosaic yi-aphid, ngokubukeka kwayo, izimbali zifafazwa ngokushesha ngesisombululo se-soapy.
- Ukugqwala - amabala ansundu emaqabungeni nhlangothi zombili, afafazwe ngezidakamizwa: Ditan, Bayleton.
Amagundane angalimaza imbali, alwe nabathengisi.
Ukulinywa kweMuscari ekhaya
I-Muscari ivame ukuvuthwa ngaphakathi ezindlini. Ama bulbs alungiselelwe:
- Izinyanga ezintathu uzigcina ngama-+5 ° С degrees.
- Ngemuva kwalokho ku +9 ° C izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezingu-30.
- Ukutshalwe esitsheni esinamanzi (inhlabathi kusuka esihlabathini, esiqhameni, kumquba) 2 cm.
- Amaviki amabili aqukethe ku-+5 ° C.
- Ngemuva kwalokho bafaka ukukhanya, lapho + 10 ° С.
- Ezinsukwini ezintathu kamuva, ande afike ku- +15 ° C.
Ukushisa okuphezulu kunciphisa isikhathi sezimbali. Igcotshwe ngamanzi athambile ngokulinganayo, kuqhakaza ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14.
Ukukhanyisa kuthanda umswakama ogqamile, ophakeme, obekwe kuma-windowsill asempumalanga, asentshonalanga.
Muscari ekwakhekeni komhlaba
Le mbali isetshenziswa kakhulu ngabaklami bemvelo, bakha amaslayidi e-alpine, imibhede yezimbali egqamile enemibala ehlukene, imingcele, imibhede yezimbali, i-wattle, ebekwe eceleni kwezindlela, ngaphansi kwezihlahla zokuhlobisa, izihlahla. Babeka izimbiza zezimbali emathangeni nakuma-verandas.
Ukuphulukisa izakhiwo
Amaphilisi we-Muscari anezakhiwo eziwusizo - aqukethe ama-esters, ama-flavonoid, ama-organic acid, i-ascorbic acid.
Isitshalo sisetshenziselwa ukwelapha inxeba, i-bactericidal agent kanye ne-aphrodisiac. Umuthi wendabuko emazweni ase-Asia usebenzisa uwoyela obalulekile ukwelapha i-bronchitis, massage, aromatherapy, umkhuhlane kanye nokuqwasha.
Umkhakha wamakha nawo awuzange unganaki le mbali enamakha, amanothi ayo adala iphunga lamafutha futhi asetshenziswa ku-cosmetology.
Ekhaya bafaka izingcezu zezimbali zegundane hhayi nje kuphela ubuhle: isitshalo sishiya izimpukane, omiyane, midges. Akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa ngaphakathi, isitshalo sinobuthi.
