Izitshalo

UHirita: incazelo, izici zokunakekelwa

UChirita uyimbali eyomndeni wakwaGesneriev. Kungaba minyaka yonke futhi kube njalo, indawo yokusatshalaliswa iyindawo ezishisayo zase-Asia.

Incazelo yeHirita

Lesi sitshalo sachazwa okokuqala ngo-1822 ngudokotela wezitshalo uDavid Don. Futhi ngekhulu le-XX, abafuyi bezimpahla babekhuthele ocwaningweni lwalezimbali, okwaholela ekubonakaleni kwezinhlobo ze-hybrid.

Isiqu sesitshalo sincane futhi siqine. Amahlamvu aluhlaza, ijamo liyahlukahluka ngokuya ngohlobo lwezinhlobo, lubushelelezi futhi luyinto enhle. Izimbali zibukeka njengezinsimbi, umbala upinki, mhlophe, lilac, uphuzi.

Izinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene zeHirita Zokulungiswa Kwasekhaya

Ezimweni zegumbi, ungakhula izinhlobo ezimbalwa kuphela ze-hirita:

IbangaIncazeloKushiyaIzimbali
I-LavenderNgonyaka, isiqu esiphakeme, i-pubescent encane.Oval. Umbala - luhlaza okhanyayo.Ibekwe eziqongweni zamahlumela nakuzo amaqabunga amaqabunga. Umthungi omnene.
I-PrimulinaIqhakaza cishe unyaka wonke, ngezikhawu ezincane.Kubekwe ngokulandelana ngokulinganayo, kubushelelezi futhi kunama-pubescent amancane. Umbala uluhlaza. Zikhula zibanzi futhi kwesinye isikhathi zakha amahlosi ephelele. Izikali ezisuka kokuncane kuya kokukhulu. Phezu komhlaba ungabona iphethini yombala wesiliva.Bakhumbuza ishubhu emincane futhi babe nezinsimbi ezi-5. Kuqoqwe ama-inflorescence, imibala ehlukile, kepha imibala elula. Ngesinye isikhathi, imivimbo emnyama iyabonakala ebusweni bamahlumela.
Sinensis hisakoKubhekwa njengezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle kakhulu.I-Variegated, drooping enamandla, inokukhanya okude kokukhanya. Okukhulu, okuluhlaza okwenziwe ngephethini yesiliva.Okufanayo nezinsimbi, i-lavender, umphimbo - ophuzi ophuzi.
AikoI-HybridI-Ellipsoid, umbala - luhlaza okotshani. Inyama, i-pubescent.Umbala omkhulu, ophuzi ophuzi.
IsilivaIsitshalo seShrub.I-Drooping, i-lanceolate. Umbala - luhlaza okotshani ngephethini kamama we-pearl.Izinsimbi ze-lavender ngentambo ye-orange.
TamianaIqhakaza unyaka wonke, isikhathi kuphela esibonakalayo siyingqayizivele.Amasendimitha ukusuka ku-10 kuye ku-15 cm, ijamo liyindilinga-nenhliziyo. Inyama, kukhona i-pubescence encane.Ama-peduncle aphansi, okuvela kuwo amahlumela angama-2-3 amhlophe anezindawo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
IsiShayinaUkukhula okungapheli kufika ku-15-20 cm.I-oval, enomzimba, yakha irosette eqinile. Luhlaza okotshani onamabala esiliva. Unqenqema lubekiwe.Ama-buds aphakathi nendawo, nama-lavender-onsomi.

Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya

Lapho unakekela imbali ekhaya, kufanele ugxile esikhathini sonyaka:

I-FactorNtwasahlobo ehloboUkuwa kobusika
Indawo / IsibaniKubekwe efasiteleni elisentshonalanga noma empumalanga. Nikeza ukukhanya okukhanyayo kodwa okungonakalisiwe.Mboza nge-phytolamp.
Ukushisa+ 18 ... +24 ° ะก.+15 ° C.
UmswakamaIzinga liyi-55-65%. Imbali ibekwa esikhwameni ngethanga eliswakeme noma ngobumba olwandisiwe. Isitshalo asifafazwa njengoba siqala ukulimala.Ileveli 55-65%.
UkuniselaKanye njalo ezinsukwini ezi-2, kuphela ngemuva kokoma kwaphezulu komhlaba.Kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7.
Ukugqoka okuphezuluKanye ngenyanga, ngamanyolo aphezulu ku-potassium ne-phosphorus.Misa.

Ukufakelwa, inhlabathi

Ukufakelwa kwenziwa lapho uhlelo lwezimpande luhlala kuwo wonke umthamo (njalo emva kweminyaka engama-2-3). Isikhathi esihle kakhulu intwasahlobo. Imbiza thatha okuphansi futhi ujule. Lapho ususa imbali, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu ukuthi ungalimazi izimpande ezintekenteke ze-hirita.

Inhlabathi kumele ibe lula, ibe ne-acidic kancane futhi ingaphefumula. Ngokulungiselela okuzimele kwe-substrate, ku-2: 1: 1: 1 ukuthatha izingxenye ezilandelayo:

  • inhlabathi yamaqabunga;
  • isihlabathi samalahle noma i-perlite;
  • Peat;
  • humus.

Qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa i-brick crumb noma i-dragoble drainage.

Izihlahla

Lesi sitshalo sisho ukungathenwa njalo. Inketho efanelekayo: ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokuqhakaza (ukuqala kwentwasahlobo - ukuphela ekwindla). Susa amahlamvu owomile nophuzi, ama-pedicel afile.

Ngesikhathi senqubo, zisebenza ngokucophelela ukuze zingalimazi izingxenye zesitshalo ezinempilo, zithambile impela.

Ukuzala

Ukusakazeka kwe-Hirita kwenziwa ngezindlela eziningi:

  • ngembewu;
  • ukusika;
  • izinqubo zamaqabunga;
  • ama-stepons.

Indlela ethandwa kakhulu ibhekwa njengezisiko. Ubungqabavu baso buhlala eqinisweni lokuthi inqubo yesitshalo esikiwe, eyomile neyenziwe ukhukhamba ibekwa enhlabathini. Akufanele kube khona ukulimala kwemishini kokutshala. Izimbumbulu ziyaniselwa futhi azivumeli ukoma komhlaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, usebenzisa i-polyethylene, ungadala izimo zokugcina ukushisa ezinikezela amahora wemini emahoreni ayi-12.

Ngemuva kokuvela nokuqina kwezithombo, zihlala ezitsheni ezihlukile.

Ubunzima ekukhuleni kwe-hirita, izifo kanye nezinambuzane

Ngesikhathi sokutshala ekhaya, i-hirita ingahlaselwa yizifo nezinambuzane, kanti ukunakekelwa okungafanele kubangela ubunzima obungeziwe:

UkubonakaliswaIsizathuIzinyathelo zokulungisa
Ukujikeleza kohlelo lwezimpande neziqu.Ukuchelela okukhuluLungisa imodi yokunisela.
Ibala elinsundu elikhanyayo ngamahlamvu.Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi abandayo.Balawula izinga lokushisa kwamanzi, kumele okungenani kube ngu-+20 ° C.
Ukukhula kusuka ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela.Ukuntuleka kokukhanya.Imbali ijikeleziswa ngezikhathi ezithile kumikhombandlela ehlukene kuya kumthombo wokukhanya.
Ukomiswa kwesihlahla.ShisaEmini, isitshalo sinombala. Amaqabunga athintekile ayasuswa.
Amabloksi ansundu ngaphakathi kweshidi, ukunamathela okunamathelayo nokubonakalayo.Isihlangu.Inqubo nesixazululo se-Actar noma i-Actellik. Kusetshenziswa isixubho esidala noma i-cotton swab, izinambuzane ziyahlanzwa ngesandla.
Iziqalo ezimhlophe ezibukeka njenge-fluff, coating coating.I-Mealybug.Fafaza ngama-insecticides Fitoverm noma i-Biotlin.
Kuphuzi nokwomile kwamaqabunga, iwebhu ekhanyayo ngaphakathi.Isikhala sesicabucabu.Faka ama-ejenti amakhemikhali uKarbofos noNeoron, sebenzisa isixazululo sensipho.
Ukugcwala okumhlophe ngaphansi kwamaqabunga.Ama-Thrips.Futha ngeVermitek neBankol.
Izinambuzane ezimhlophe kuso sonke lesi sitshalo.I-WhiteflyUkubhubhisa izinambuzane, kusetshenziswa izixazululo ze-Akarin ne-Actellik.
Mhlophe ubala obumanzi.Ukubola okumpunga.Susa zonke izindawo ezilimele. Ingxenye enempilo iphathwa nanoma yisiphi isikhunta esinamandla.

Ngokunakekelwa kwezitshalo ezisezingeni, ungathola izilonda ngesikhathi, bese uziqeda.