I-Poppy isitshalo esaziwa kusukela eRoma lasendulo - "povas" - ujusi wama-Milky. Sekukonke, cishe izinhlobo eziyikhulu ziyaziwa, kepha ezweni lethu kukhula ama 75. Isitshalo safika kithi sivela ogwadule lwase-Australia naseCentral Asia ngomhlabathi onamadwala aqine. I-poppy esifanekisweni esibushelelezi noma inaliti esibonakala ibukeka ibala elinye elibomvu, lipinki, owolintshi, ophuzi, amatoni amabili noma amathunzi ansundu. Amacembe we-poppy yasengadini abucayi, ngokuvamile abomvu ngombala omnyama, enezinhlamvu ezisebhokisini.
Kungenxa yezimbewu ukuthi kwenqatshelwe ukukhulisa ezinye izinhlobo ze-poppy eRussia. Izinhlobo zawo eziningi ziqukethe i-opium, okuthi, yize isetshenziswa kwezokwelapha (ekwelapheni ukuqwasha nokuxineka), iyinto ye-narcotic (amasenti we-opium kudala kwaziwa emazweni ase-Arab nase China).
Izinhlobo ze-poppy: peony, zasempumalanga nabanye
Kuvinjelwe ukukhula:
- I-Hypnotics, opium (P. somniferun).
- I-Bristle-bear (P. setigerum).
- I-Bract (P. bracteatum).
- I-Eastern (P. orientale).
Poppies wonyaka
| Buka Ibanga | Incazelo | Izimbali |
I-Hypnotic, opium (P. somniferum)
| Kude kufike ku-100 cm. Iziqu ziluhlaza obumnyama, isicwebezelayo, amaqabunga, ukusondelana ne-inflorescence, okuyi-elliptical more. Izimbali zihlala amasonto amane. | Cishe ngo-10 cm, amacembe angaba ajwayelekile noma aphindaphindwe kabili, anemibala ehlukene - obomvu, ophuzi, obomvu, onsomi onamabala amnyama noma amhlophe, uwa lapho ilanga selishonile. Kuyenqatshelwa ukukhula. |
| I-Peony, amaphilisi okulala (P. somniferum)
| Ukuikhumbuza i-peony enobubanzi obuyi-15 cm. Isikimu sombala sisuka ku-inki siye kumnyama, amabili-ithoni enezeluleko ezibucayi, opinki obomvu, obomvu nokumhlophe qhwa. | |
| Samoseyka, endle (P. rhoeas)
| Isiqu sikhula size sibe ngu-60 cm, simbozwe izinwele, eduze kwempande amaqabunga abukeka njenge-pinnate, ahlukile, esiqwini ahlukaniswe kathathu. | Okumhlophe, obomvu, ama-coral anemiphetho emnyama, opinki onesisekelo esimnyama atholakala ngombala. I-inflorescence engaphansi kuka-10 cm ububanzi ijwayelekile noma iphindwe kabili |
| Ubomvu weCaucasus (P. commutatum) noma Modified (P. commutatum)
| Ukhula aze afike ku-70 cm. | I-Cirrus, ezimbili ezihlukaniswe ngomnyama omnyama kufika ku-20 cm. Iqhakaza kusukela ngoJulayi kuya kuSepthemba. |
| Ipigogo (P. pavoninum) | Amagatsha ayindilinga emaphethelweni angama-3-5 cm, isiqu singenamikhawulo, amaqabunga aluhlaza aqine. | Zingaba ngemibala ehlukene, i-terry, nejwayelekile. Iqhakaza maphakathi nehlobo. |
Ama-poppies ase-perennial
| Buka Ibanga | Incazelo | Izimbali |
Empumalanga
| Ifinyelela ku-1 m, isiqu siqondile, sishubile, siyisicaba, amaqabunga acwecile, ahlakazekile, amafushane phansi. Blooms in nje 2 weeks. | Izimbali ezibomvu ezibomvu ezifika ku-20 cm ngosayizi omnyama. Izinhlobonhlobo zombala wamakhorali onesikhungo esincane esimnyama, izimbali ezinombala o-orenji okhanyayo, ukusuka komlotha omhlophe kuya koshayi opinki, zazikhuliswa. Kuyenqatshelwa ukukhula. |
| I-Alpine (P. alpinum L.) | Isitshalo esiphansi kufika ku-0.5 m, esinamaqabunga amaningi e-fleecy. | Usayizi we-inflorescence awudluli ku-4 cm, izimbali zingaba o-orenji, zimhlophe zibomvu. |
| Rockbreaker (P. rupifragum) | I-Biennial, blooms ngonyaka wesibili ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, ikhula cishe ngo-45 cm, ngenani lamaqabunga. | Imibala eminingi ecwebezelayo kusuka ku-orange omnyama kuya ku-tint izitini ivela esiqwini. |
I-ayisikhilimu, isi-Icelandic
| Ikhula ibe ngu-0.5 m, isiqu sinamabala, amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, aqondiswe phansi. NgoMeyi, ukuqhakaza nama blooms kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba. Ingafakwa kuma-vases. | Ubukhulu be-inflorescence kufika ku-5 cm bujwayelekile noma bukabili, izimbali zibomvu, ziphuzi, zimhlophe noma zipinki ngombala ophuzi. |
| ISaffron (P. croceum) | Inwebeka kuze kube ngu-30 cm, amaqabunga aluhlaza omnyama noma ukukhanya, enoboya. Iqhakaza kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuya ku-Okthoba, izwe lakulezinhlobonhlobo yiMpumalanga yeSiberia, i-Asia Ephakathi neMongolia. Isitshalo esinobuthi ngokuphelele (kusukela kusiqu nokuphela ngembali). | Ubungako be-inflorescence bufika ku-20 cm, umbala wamaphalishi usuka ophuzi kuya ku-orange. |
Ukuhlwanyela i-poppy emhlabathini ovulekile
I-poppy yezimbali iqala kusuka ngo-Agasti kuya kuSepthemba, ihlala cishe inyanga, lesi sitshalo sinokuzithoba.
Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zama-poppies, ikakhulukazi ingadi, ukuzilawula ngokwakho kungcono kakhulu. Lapho ibhokisi liqhuma futhi imbewu idluliselwa emhlabathini ngaphansi kwethonya lomoya noma lezinyosi ngaphansi kobusika, khona-ke i-poppy engadini izothokozela izithombo zokuqala.
Noma yimuphi umhlabathi kufanelekile - unesihlabathi esikhulu futhi ungathathi hlangothi.
Ukuze lesi sitshalo siqhume isikhathi eside, kufanele sihanjiswe ngokushesha nje lapho amabhokisi eqala ukuboshwa.
Ngaphezu kokuhlwanyelwa ngokwakho, i-poppy engadini ingatshalwa ngembewu evela ebhokisini elifanayo. Lapho amaqabunga edamba futhi kubonakala sengathi aqhekeka ngasemaphethelweni, ungathola ukutshala kuwo.
Kungcono ukukuhlwanyela entwasahlobo, ihlobo lonke lizokujabulisa ngokuqhakaza kwalo, into esemqoka ukuthi akukho okwenzeka eduze kwamanzi omhlaba enhlabathini. Kungcono ukukhetha izindawo ezinelanga, ngoba lesi sitshalo safika kithi sivela ezindaweni eziwugwadule, kungcono ukulungisa umhlabathi kusuka enhlabathini evamile engadini noma usebenzise umquba oxutshwe nomhlabathi. Kungcono ukujula imbewu ngo-3 cm emhlabathini, utshale endaweni eyi-5-10 cm, ekugcineni, amanzi.
Ukunakekelwa kwe-Poppy
Ukunakekela i-poppy engadini kuyinto elula kunazo zonke - ayidingi indawo yokuhlala ebusika, esomeni kungcono ukuyinisela nokuyifaka umquba, kodwa kungenjalo. Kuyalulekwa ukukhulula inhlabathi futhi ususe nokhula.
Isitshalo esenziwa minyaka yonke ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali sikhishwe emhlabathini siphonswe ngaphandle, isivuno esingapheli.
Ukusakazeka kwe-Poppy
Futhi, i-poppy ingatshalwa kusetshenziselwa ukusika - ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali, amahlumela aseceleni (izisekelo) asikiwe futhi atshalwe emhlabathini lapho izithombo zisuka izimpande, zidluliselwa futhi zikhule eminye iminyaka eyi-1-2.
Izifo nezinambuzane ze-poppy
| Isihloko | Izimpawu Ukuboniswa kwamaqabunga | Izindlela zokulungisa |
| I-Powdery hlobo | Kumbozwe inhlanganisela emhlophe. | Cwilisa ama-50 ml kashukela kusisombululo esinamanzi noma ku-10 l wamanzi we-chloride yethusi 40 g, hlamba amaqabunga. |
| Downy isikhutha | Zingcolile futhi zimbozwe amabala ansundu, ngaphakathi ziphenduka zibe nsomi. | Sebenzisa izindlela ezifanayo nange-Powdery hlobo. |
| I-Fusarium | Amaqabunga nesiqu embozwe amachashaza amnyama, amabhokisi ayagoba. | Izitshalo ziyasuswa, bese umhlabathi uthululwa ngesisombululo se-fung fung. |
| I-Alternariosis | Amabala aluhlaza emaqabungeni. | I-Poppy ithululelwa ngengxube ye-burgundy, i-Kuprosat, i-Fundazol. |
| Weevil | Isitshalo esidla ubhungane sihlala emhlabathini. | Ngaphambi kokutshala enhlabathini engeza i-10% Bazulin noma i-7% Chlorophos. |
| Ama-aphid | Uhlamvu oluncane olumnyama lwezimbungulu kumaqabunga neziqu. | Geza amaqabunga nesigaxa ngamanzi ase-Antitlin noma amasokisi. |
Ukugwema ukutheleleka ngefungus, kungcono ukutshala i-poppy endaweni efanayo umehluko weminyaka emithathu.
Izici eziwusizo ze-poppy
Imbewu yePoppy iqukethe cishe zonke izinto zomkhondo:
- ama-alkaloids;
- flavonoids;
- ama-organic acid;
- amafutha nama-glycosides;
- squirrels.
Amafutha wePoppy uyindwangu eluhlaza ebalulekile esetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwezimonyo nasekhemisi.
Kusukela ezinsukwini zeGrisi yasendulo, ama-painkiller namaphilisi okulala e-poppy ayaziwa. Muva nje, imbewu yayo ibisetshenziswa njengekhambi lokukhwehlela.
I-Poppy akufanele ithathwe izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala, abantu asebekhulile, abantu abane-pulmonary emphysema, kanye nokuncika kotshwala.
