IGaylardia isitshalo somndeni wakwa-Astrov. Indawo okwazalelwa kuyo lembali yiMelika. Endle, kukhula eMexico naseNingizimu Melika. Ubizwe ngemuva kukaGaillard de Charenton, ophilanthropist owayephila ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili futhi waba negalelo elikhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwezitshalo.
Lesi sitshalo siwuphawu lwe-Oklahoma. Ikhula ezindaweni ezivulekile futhi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza amabala amasimu ngombala ovuthayo ovuthayo.
Incazelo yeGaillardia
Hlakulela izinhlobonhlobo zonyaka nonyaka. Ngaphandle, lezi zimbali zifana ne-chamomile noma i-gerbera. Ukuphakama kufinyelela amasentimitha angama-60. Ama-inflorescences makhulu, ayizulu, afudumele amathunzi afudumele.
Kusetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni kwemvelo ekwakhiweni kwezingadi nezingadi zasekhaya.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-gaillardia yonyaka kanye neyonyaka: ezixubile nabanye
Zombili izinhlobo zezitshalo zonyaka nezonyaka kanye nezinhlobonhlobo ze-gaillardia ziyathandwa:
| Izinhlobo | Incazelo | Izinhlobo | Incazelo |
| Muhle | Ngonyaka Isitshalo sokuhlobisa ingadi esinemibala eyodwa noma enemibala emibili - sibomvu ezansi futhi siphuzi emaphethelweni e-petal. | I-plume ebomvu | Izimbali ezincane zibomvu-pink obomvu. |
| Lorenza | Ama-inflorescence makhulu, anama-petals amaningi. Kunezinhlobo eziphuzi futhi eziphuzi ezibomvu. | ||
| UPicta udwetshwe | Ama-inflorescence abomvu noma anemibala emibili, enkulu, eyindilinga, enenombolo enkulu yama-petals. | ||
| Ipulangwe eliphuzi | Izitshalo eziyindilinga ezinama-inflorescence aphuzi, afana nezinhlobonhlobo zangaphambilini. | ||
| Kunamathoni | Kuze kube ngamasentimitha angama-70 ukuphakama, ezinezimbali ezibomvu onsundu. Kuyivelakancane. | ||
| I-Spinous | Okungenhla ngeziqu ezixinene eziqondile, amaqabunga amade noma okusaqanda. Izimbali zomhlanga, amathunzi afudumele agqamile. Izimbali ziqala ekuqaleni kwehlobo. | I-Mandarin orange | Izimbali ezinhlobonhlobo kanye nama-inflorescence agqamile obomvu-owolintshi. |
| I-Virral Flame | Izimbali ezibomvu ezinomngcele omncane ophuzi. | ||
| Dazzer | Izinhlobo ezimbili zomhlanga. | ||
| I-Hybrid | Umphumela wokuxubana nezinye izinhlobo zemibala. Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, kukhona zombili eziphakeme (kufika ku-80 cm) futhi ezingaphansi. | I-Primavera | Izitshalo eziphansi ezinamathela ezinenqwaba yama-peduncle endaweni eyodwa. |
| I-Arizona San | I-Dwarf iyahlukahluka ngesikhathi eside sezimbali. | ||
| Sonne | Ukuphakama kwesiqu kuze kube ngamasentimitha angama-50-60, ama-inflorescence anama-tubular kanye nomhlanga aphakeme ayatholakala. |
Ukulinywa kweGailardia kusuka ezinhlanyelweni ukuthi uzotshala nini
Ukukhula kusuka ezinhlanyweni kwenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili: izithombo noma ukuhlwanyela ngqo emhlabathini.
Indlela yokuqala ihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili: ukulungiselela izithombo nokutshala izithombo emhlabathini.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo
Ukufiswa kwenziwa ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari noma ekuqaleni kukaMashi. Imbewu ayingcwatshwa, kepha isakazeka ebusweni bomhlaba futhi ishiywe egumbini eliqhakazile lokushisa kwekhishini.
Isitsha esinezithombo sifakwa endaweni evikelekile ekuvezweni yilanga. Amanzi namanzi amancane njengoba kudingeka.
IGailardia inika amahlumela okuqala eyodwa kumaviki amabili emva kokutshala.
Ukunakekela izithombo
Ngemuva kokuhluma kwezithombo, isitsha esinezithombo sithuthelwa engxenyeni ebanda kakhulu yegumbi noma eluhlaza okotshani. Amahlumela ahlukaniswa komunye nomunye futhi afakwa ezitsheni ezincane lapho kuvela iqabunga lesithathu.
Izitshalo ezisencane ziniselwa njengomahluko ongaphansi komhlaba. Amahlumela kufanele abe ekukhanyeni okungenani amahora ayi-14 ngosuku - uzodinga ukufaka izibani ukuze wenze ukukhanya okungadingekile. Umswakama egumbini elinamahlumela kufanele ugcinwe ngokulingana.
Ukutshala iGailardia emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukutshala i-gailardia akubangeli ubunzima obukhulu, kepha udinga ukulandela izincomo ezincane maqondana nesikhathi sokukhishwa, indawo nomhlabathi.
Isikhathi sokufika
Amahlumela aqinisiwe atshalwa emhlabathini ekugcineni kwehlobo noma ngoSepthemba. Ngokutshala okufanele, izithombo zizoba nesikhathi sokuthatha izimpande ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa futhi zinikeze amaqabunga ayisishiyagalombili kuya kwayishumi aqinisekile. Isitshalo sizoqhakaza entwasahlobo elandelayo.
Uma uhlwanyela izimbali ngokushesha emhlabathini, ngaphandle kokukhula kuqala kwezithombo, khona-ke isikhathi esifanele sokuhlwanyela ukuphela kwentwasahlobo. Imbewu itshalwa emibhedeni emigodini engaxutshwe nalutho, futhi lapho amahlumela eba namandla futhi anikeze iqabunga lesithathu, adluliselwa embhedeni wezimbali.
Imithetho Yokwehlukanisa
Izindawo ezikhanyayo nenhlabathi eyomile kufanelekile kulesi sitshalo. Imbali ayihlali kahle enhlabathini, igcwele umswakama. Inhlabathi ngaphambi kokutshala izithombo zivundiswa ngomxube wamaminerali. Ukuqoqwa kwento kufanele kube phansi - hhayi ngaphezulu kwama-40 amagremu nge-1 litre lamanzi. Futhi, inhlabathi ivundiswa ngomlotha. Ibanga phakathi kwezithombo kufanele okungenani libe ngu-20 cm.
Izici zokunakekela i-gaillardia
Ukunakekela lezi zitshalo akunzima.
Amathiphu Wokunakekela
Ukuthola ama-inflorescence anempilo, gcina imithetho embalwa elula:
- Umanyolo wamaminerali usetshenziselwa ukondla i-gailardia.
- Inhlabathi ivundiswa kathathu ngesikhathi sonyaka: ekuqaleni kokuqhakaza izimbali, phakathi kwehlobo nangemva kokuqedwa kwesitshalo.
- Zithukulula kaningi ukhula lombhede wezimbali. Iniselwa ngenani elincane lamanzi futhi kuphela esimweni sezulu esishisayo nesomile, lapho inhlabathi iba ngomile.
- Amabanga aphezulu we-perennial need garter.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Izakhiwo ezimbiwa phansi ezinjengeKemira station wagon zisetshenziselwa ukondla izitshalo. I-compost ne-humus nazo zingasetshenziswa njengamanyolo.
Umthetho omkhulu ukuthi umanyolo akufanele ukhulise i-acidity enhlabathini. Ukusetshenziswa komanyolo kungaholela ekwakhiweni kwezifo nokufa kwesitshalo.
IGaillardia ngemuva kwezimbali
IGailardia iyaqhakaza kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba. Ngo-Okthoba, imbewu ingatholakala kuma-peduncle angasuswanga.
Ukuqoqa futhi kanjani imbewu ye-gailardia
Ukuqoqa imbewu, izimbali ezidwetshiwe ehlobo ziboshwe nge-gauze eqinisiwe - lokhu kuvimbela ukuwa okungafuneki kwembewu enhlabathini. Ngaphansi kwe-gauze, ama-inflorescence asele kuze kube kuqala ekwindla, abese evunwa. Imbewu eye yawela emhlabathini ngokwemvelo nayo ingaphunyula ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, abalimi abaningi abaphenduki ekuvuneni ngesandla.
Indlela yembewu yokusabalalisa i-gaillardia ayithandwa. Izitshalo ezikhulwe ngale ndlela zizohluka kumama futhi ngeke zihlangabezane namazinga ezinhlobonhlobo. Ukugcina ukubukeka kwama-inflorescence, izinhlobo ezingapheli zitshalwa kusetshenziswa indlela yesihlahla.
I-perennial gailardia ebusika
Ngonyaka wokuqala ngaphambi kokuqala kwesithwathwa, izimbali zenzelwe ukuncipha. Ngemuva kwalokho ambozwe ungqimba wamahlamvu owomile, izinaliti noma okunye ukufakwa kwemvelo.
Ukulungiselela okwengeziwe ebusika akudingi izinyathelo ezengeziwe - ubusika bezimbali ngempumelelo, bakubekezelela kalula ukubanda. I-Shelter izodingeka kuphela uma kuba nobusika obufudumele obungenabo iqhwa.
Ukusakazeka kweGaillardia
Izinhlobo ze-perennial zisakazwa ngendlela yesihlahla. Isihlahla esiqinile nesinempilo, esikhula endaweni eyodwa iminyaka emihlanu, siymba futhi sihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili noma ezintathu. Inqubo ngayinye kufanele ibe namandla, inamaqabunga aqinile, ikwazi ukumpande engadini entsha. Ukuhlukaniswa kwenziwa ekupheleni kwesizini, lapho isitshalo sesiphelile ngokuphelele. Zonke izingxenye zitshalwa emibhedeni yezimbali entsha.
Indlela yezimpande yokuzala nayo kungenzeka. Izimpande ezinkulu zesitshalo esinempilo zisikwa zibe yizicucu ubude obu-5 cm, bese zitshalwa endaweni ebamba ukushisa.
IGailardia izinambuzane nezifo
Imbangela enkulu yezifo umbuso ongafanele wokunisela kanye nomhlabathi omanzi ngokweqile. Amaqabunga alezi zimbali athambekele ezifweni ezinjengokuthi:
- ukubola okungwevu;
- ukugqwala
- i-powdery hlobo;
- imichilo emabala.
Izifo ezifanayo zibangelwa isikhunta. Ezigabeni zokuqala, lesi sitshalo singalapheka ngosizo lwama-fungicides (Fundazol, Skor). Uma indawo ye-lesion inkulu, kunconywa ukuthi ugaye futhi ushise imbali enesifo ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwesikhunta embhedeni wonke wezimbali. Ngezinhloso zokuvimbela, izimbali ezinempilo ziphathwa ngesixazululo se-potanganum permanganate.
Izilokazane zezitshalo ezilimaza kakhulu ama-aphid nama-whiteflies. Ngokumelene nabo, ukwelashwa kombhede wezimbali ngama-insecticides (Aktara, Aktellik) kuzosiza.
