UCampsis ungowokudabuka eNigeria eNyakatho Melika naseChina. Isitshalo somndeni weBignoniaceae sesisabalele phakathi kwabalimi njengembali yokuhlobisa ngenxa yokungabinakho konke kanye ne-inflorescence eyingqayizivele. Elinye igama lamakamu yi-bignonia.
Incazelo ye-Campisis
Isiqu sokuhlwitheka esibushelelezi singakhula sifike kumamitha ayi-15. Amahlumela amancane anombala oluhlaza olukhanyayo, aneminyaka yobudala, i-liana iba lukhuni esisekelweni, ithole umthunzi obizwa ngokuthi yi-burgundy. Izindawo zokuhlala ezincane zitholakala kubo bonke ubude besitshalo. Kulawa, uhlelo lwasemoyeni lwenkambu luvela, ama-petioles awo, afinyelela ngobukhulu obukhulu, amaqabunga angama-8-10 ambozwe nge-wax yemifino avela ngakunye.
Uhlangothi oluhle lweqabunga le-ellipsoid linemithambo eminingi lapho kukhona khona ukubonakala kwesimo. Izimbali zinobukhulu bezimbali, zivame ukuba bomvu o-orenji, zipinki noma ziphuzi, isilinganiso sezingcezu ezi-5-8, aziphunga.
Izithelo ngumbhoshongo onzima ongama-8-10 cm, uqukethe imbewu eningi emdaka. Izimpande zakhiwe kahle, zikhula ngokujula nangamakhampasi azungezile, zinendawo enkulu.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-campis creeper
Kunezinhlobo eziningi nezinhlobonhlobo ze-bignonia ezifuywa esizeni.
| Buka | Incazelo |
| Okuqhakaza okukhulu (ngesiShayina) | Umvini omkhulu onqenqemayo noma isihlahla esingenazimpande zasemoyeni, ucwecwa kakhulu futhi usonta uzungeze ukusekelwa. Uthando olunothando lokushisa nokubanda kabi. Amaqabunga aphakanyisiwe, akhombe ekugcineni, aluhlaza okotshani, hhayi i-pubescent, ubude obuyi-6-8 cm. Izimbali zinkulu, zifinyelela ku-9 cm, zipendiwe ku-hue ocebile obomvu we-orange nge-tint yegolide. |
| I-Hybrid | A ende, kuze kube 8 m, liana ngamagatsha amaningi abushelelezi abushelelezi. Akwesabi amaqabunga, ukuhlobisa okuphezulu kuyisici. Amaqabunga anama-ovoid, amawala, anemiphetho eyenziwe ngamaphara, ye-green hue eluhlaza, cishe izingcezu eziyi-7 000 ku-petiole. Izimbali ezinkulu ze-tubular, amacembe ahlukahlukene, opinki ophuzi ngokuchichima onsomi. |
| Ibangelwa | I-liana yama-branchy, ebalwa phansi ezansi, enezimpande eziningi zasemoyeni nezomvini. Imelana neqhwa, ikwazi ukusinda kuze kufike ku-20 ° C. Amaqabunga ayisihluku, anesikhumba esine-sheen ecwebezelayo nemiphetho ekhonjisiwe, eluhlaza okotshani. Izimbali ziphakathi, zifinyelela ku-7 cm ubude, zipinki-zibubende noma zibomvu ngetint yegolide. Uhlobo luvame kakhulu ezindaweni eziseningizimu yeRussia. |
| I-Flamenco | I-perennial liana 2-5 m ukuphakama, ihlangene kakhulu, inesikhala esikhulu nxazonke. Amaqabunga akhombe ngophakathi anemithambo eminingi, izingcezu ezi-7- 7 ku-petiole, imiphetho iyamiswa, ibekwe maqondana nomunye. Ama-petals ahlukahlukene, ahlanganisiwe obomvu, abomvu we-orange hue. Ibanga elingamelana neqhwa. |
| UFlava | I-liana enkulu eyinqaba efinyelela kumamitha ayi-7. Inezimpande ze-aires ezikhuliswe kahle ezinikezela ukunamathela okuqinile ekusekelweni. Amacembe aluhlaza okhanyayo, 7-15 cm, onemiphetho yama-wavy kancane. Izimbali ezimise okomsebenzi zifinyelela kububanzi obuyi-5 cm, ophuzi-orenji noma obomvu-igolide ngophawu olubomvu. Ubusika Hardy. Ingamelana neqhwa lide ku-20 ° C. |
Ungatshala nini amakamu emgqeni ophakathi nendawo
IBignonia imelana nesithwathwa esibandayo nesingalindelekile esihlala isikhathi eside. Ezinye izinhlobo zingamelana nokwehla kwamazinga okushisa okungu-20 ° C, kepha ungagijimeli ngokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile. Kubekezelela kangcono ukutshala emzileni ophakathi nendawo, ikakhulukazi esifundeni saseMoscow, ngoba lokhu ekuqaleni maphakathi nenyanga kaMeyi kufanelekile, lapho inhlabathi isivele isifudumele ngokwanele futhi amathuba okuba nesithwathwa esingalindelekile alincane.
Akudingekile ukutshala i-liana ngesikhathi esishisayo ikakhulukazi, kungenzeka kungathathi izimpande futhi kubulawe ukuphuma komzimba. Kufanele ukhethe usuku olunesimo sezulu esifudumele esihle, ngaphandle kwezulu nomoya onamandla.
Ukutshala amakhampasi ngaphandle
Njengoba i-kampsis ihlala kuze kuphele amashumi eminyaka, ingatshalwa ekwindla noma entwasahlobo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukutshala maphakathi nonyaka kaSepthemba kunomthelela ongcono kakhulu kuma-liana, ngoba cishe zonke izimo zemvelo yawo zemvelo ziyabukwa: amazinga aphakeme omswakama womhlaba nenhlabathi, isimo sezulu esifudumele, nemvula yemvelo. Ukuze isitshalo siphumelele futhi isitshalo sithome izimpande ngokushesha, kufanele kwenziwe okulandelayo:
- Umgodi we-bignonia udinga ukumbiwa emavikini ama-1-2 ngaphambi kokuba wehle.
- Jula hhayi ngaphezulu kwama-40 cm, unikezwe iminyaka nosayizi we-yisithombo.
- Ububanzi bomgodi kufanele bube yi-40-60 cm.
- Ukhula isikhala esizungeze imibhede yezimbali bese uthukulula inhlabathi.
- Faka umanyolo wamaminerali (nitrogenous, phosphoric noma potash) ne-peat, umquba.
- Uma inhlabathi isindayo futhi igwenyile, kuyadingeka ukulungiselela ungqimba lwamanzi wegwebu, izitini ezaphukile, amagobolondo ama-walnut namagobolondo amaqanda, okufanele abekwe phansi.
- Kungcono ukukhetha izithombo ezingenamahlamvu zokutshala.
- Faka amakamu maphakathi nomgodi bese ufaka inhlabathi ukuze intamo yezimpande iphume emhlabathini ngo-8-10 cm.
- Ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa, i-seedling kumele inyakaziswe ngobumnene ukugcwalisa izimbotshana.
- Izimpande zesitshalo kufanele zitholakala ku-substrate, zizonikeza ukuhlelwa okwengeziwe.
- Hlanganisa ngokucophelela inhlabathi ngaphandle kokulimaza uhlelo lwezimpande, amanzi ngokucophelela.
- IBignonia idinga ukwesekwa, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukunikeza umbhede wezimbali ngesigxobo noma ngensika ye-moss.
Ukunakekelwa Kwamakhambi
I-Campsis ayikhathalelwa ekunakekelweni futhi ayidingi amakhono akhethekile engadi ekuphatheni, ngakho-ke, izimo ezithile kufanele zilandelwe ukuze imbali ikhule ibe yinhle futhi ijabulisa iso ngama-inflorescence ayo.
| Ipharamitha | Izimo |
| Indawo / Isibani | Akunconywa ukubeka imibhede yezimbali eduze kwamafasitela ezindawo zokuhlala, ngoba umpe wezimbali ze-bignonia udonsela izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi izinyosi, iminyovu kanye nama-hornets. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukubheka izici zohlelo lwempande: luyakwazi ukucekela phansi izakhiwo zamatshe noma uthango, ngakho-ke amakamu atshalwe endaweni ephakeme encane. Kuyinto enenqwaba, kepha ikhula emthunzini oyingxenye ngaphansi kombhede. Esizeni sokutshala kwayo, uhlangothi oluseningizimu noma oluseningizimu mpela lufanelwe kangcono. |
| Ukushisa | Imelana nokushisa futhi kuthande ukuqandelwa yiqhwa, ikwazi ukumelana namaqhwa ukuya ku-20 ... -25 ° C, noma kunjalo, ngokubamba okubandayo isikhathi eside ngaphandle kwendawo ekhethekile yokufa ingafa. Iqhakaza namagatsha kangcono kakhulu kwizimo sezulu ezishisayo ku + 20 ... +28 ° C. Ezindaweni ezinobusika obubanda kakhulu noma izinguquko zokushisa ezivame kakhulu, aziqali kahle, ziyeke ukuqhakaza bese zisheshe zife. |
| Ukunisela | Njalo, ikakhulukazi kunsuku ezishisayo. Uma kungekho mvula isikhathi eside, kuyadingeka ukwandisa imvamisa nokufafaza amaqabunga kanye ne-petioles, kugwema ukuxhumana nezimbali. IBignonia iyakwazi ukusinda esikhathini esifushane sesomiso, kepha ungasishiyi lesi sitshalo ngaphandle komswakama, ngaphandle kwalokho izoma futhi ife. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi amanzi awagxili futhi amungene ngokuphelele enhlabathini. Uma kungekho manzi, kungenziwa iziteshi ezichichima ukuvimba ukubola kanye nokutheleleka kwamakamu ngamabhaktheriya ayingozi. |
| Ukugqoka okuphezulu | Cishe asikho isidingo. Uma, lapho utshala, inhlabathi yayihlanganiswa nezinto eziphilayo (umquba, umquba, izinaliti) futhi ingezwe i-peat, isihlabathi, umlotha, sawdust noma imvuthuluka yamalahle, khona-ke awunakukhathazeka ngamanyolo. Ngesikhathi sokukhula kanye nokuqhakaza kwezimbali, sebenzisa izimbiwa noma imvunulo yendawo yonke yezitshalo zasengadini. |
| Inhlabathi | Unreretentious, kepha isinda kangcono ezindaweni eziphansi zamaminerali. Futhi, uma i-bignonia iphenduka iphuzi noma ibuna, kubalulekile ukukhulisa inani lomsoco lomhlabathi ngokungeza i-peat, isihlabathi, umlotha, sawdust, izinaliti, umquba noma umquba. Ngezikhathi ezithile, kufanele ukhulule ngokucophelela i-substrate, ukuze i-oksijini ethe xaxa ingena ohlelweni lwezimpande olungaphansi komhlaba bese ikhula endaweni kusukela ukhula. |
| Izihlahla | Njalo futhi ngokuphelele. Entwasahlobo, susa ngokucophelela amahlumela omile futhi afile, uphatha izigaba ngesinamoni. Kamuva, endaweni yazo kuzovela amahlumela amancane, aqhakazile futhi awugqinsi. Kuyadingeka nokususa ama-buds aqhelile kanye ne-petioles ebolile. Sika izingxenye zesifo ezinesifo ngokushesha. Ekwindla sekwephuzile, ngaphambi kokuqala kobusika, qiniseka ukuthi ikhempu ayihambi ngaphezu kwendawo ebekelwe yona, usike amagatsha amaningi. |
| Ubusika | Kungcono ukuqala amalungiselelo kusukela ekupheleni kukaSepthemba, ngaphambi kokuqala kweziqalo ezinzima. Mboza inhlabathi nezimpande zangaphandle ngesendlalelo samahlamvu omile, ama-humus, izinaliti, amagatsha sawdust kanye ne-spruce. Songa isiqu ndawonye nemivini ngesendlalelo esiminyene sefilimu yepulasitiki noma i-lutrasil. Ungase futhi umboze phezulu ne floor ngaphandle kokulimaza amahlumela. Uma kungenzeka ukugoba amagatsha e-liana enhlabathini, ungasusa ukusekelwa bese ugcwalisa i-bignonia ngamaqabunga awile, amagatsha e-spruce. |
Ukusakazwa kwe-Campsis
IBignonia ivame ukusakazwa ngezindlela ezimbili: ngokukhiqiza nangokushunqisa. Lezi zindlela zombili zisetshenziswa ngenkuthalo ngabalimi, ngokuya ngezimo nangesikhathi sonyaka. Ngakho-ke, ukusika kwenziwa kangcono ngoJuni:
- Okokuqala, hlola amakampasi amadala bese ukhetha ukusikeka ngamaqabunga angama-2-4 anempilo ukusuka engxenyeni esemaphakathi yesitshalo.
- Phatha phansi kwehlumela ngesixazululo sokwenza izimpande.
- Khetha indawo enomthunzi nenhlabathi ecebile. Faka i-peat nesihlabathi emhlabathini.
- Ukuze ukusika kususwe izimpande futhi kuqala ukukhula ngenkuthalo, ungasebenzisa iMaximarin.
- Khulula indawo ezungeze amakamu asemasha ngotshani obusanda kusikwa noma ngamagxolo ezihlahla.
Uma isiqu sikindiki, kufanele sinqunywe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, Mashi-Ephreli, futhi izindlela ezifanele zokutshala kufanele zithathwe.
Enye indlela - ukwakheka:
- Sika amahlumela asondele kakhulu emhlabathini noma elele kuwo ngommese onamagciwane.
- Moisten inhlabathi kahle bese ugaya umgodi wokufika, ngokuya ngosayizi wehlumela, cishe ingxenye yesithathu yalokhu kufanele kube ngaphansi komhlaba.
- Beka ihlumela enhlabathini ye-peaty, uyihlinze ngokudonsa amanzi.
- Uhlelo lwezimpande luzoqala ukwakha ngokushesha ngokwanele futhi ngamakhampasi entwasahlobo alandelayo angadluliselwa endaweni ekhethiwe endaweni evulekile.
Ngenxa yohlelo olude olwakhiwe kahle, enye indlela iyahlukaniswa - ukusakazwa kwezimpande:
- Izimpande eziphakeme kufanele zihlolwe ngokucophelela, kuzo izikhathi ngezikhathi kuvela amahlumela.
- Ngaphambi komzuzu wokukhula okusebenzayo nokukhula ihlumela, kufanele linqunywe kanye nengxenye yohlelo lwezimpande. Uma lide kakhulu, khona-ke ungahlukanisa amagatsha angeziwe.
- Esizeni, khetha umbhede wezimbali nge-substrate esele ilungisiwe kanye ne-drainage.
- Bamba umgodi wokufika ukuze izimpande zingaphansi komhlaba ngokuphelele.
- Amanzi aphelele bese uphatha inhlabathi ngamanyolo wezimbiwa, ngakho ihlumela liyahlangana ngokushesha futhi lizokhula.
Imbewu yeBignonia ingathengwa esitolo noma iqoqwe ngesandla kusuka ezithelo ezivuthiwe. Zibelwe izithombo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
- Khetha iziqukathi eziningana ezinomhlabathi ogcwele izakhi zomsoco.
- Musa ukujula ngokujulile (cishe ngo-0.5 cm) bese unisela ngokucophelela imbewu etshaliwe.
- Hlela izimo zokugcina ukushisa: gcina izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kune- + 23 ... +25 ° C, beka amabhodwe endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle ngaphandle kokusalungiswa namanzi njalo. Ifilimu alikwazi ukusetshenziswa.
- Ngemuva cishe kwenyanga engu-1, amahlumela okuqala azovela. Ungashintshi amahlumela.
- Lapho amahlumela eba namandla futhi amaqabunga aphilile angama-5-6 ekhula kuwo, amakamu angadluliselwa enhlabathini evulekile.
UMnu Dachnik uyachaza: kungani amakamu angaqhakaza
Abalimi abaningi babhekana nale nkinga. Uma i-bignonia isusiwe enhlanyelweni, khona-ke lesi sitshalo sizoqhakaza okokuqala kuphela emva kweminyaka engu-5-6, ngakho-ke kukhiqiza kakhulu ukusabalalisa kahle.
Lapho i-cherenkovaniyu liana iqala ukuqhakaza iminyaka engama-3-4. Kodwa-ke, inqubo yokuthuthuka ingasheshiswa ngokufaka umanyolo njalo kanye nokugcina inani lokudla le-substrate.
Esinye isizathu sokuntuleka kwezimbali kungaba yizifo noma izifo ezahlukahlukene ezibangelwa ukunakekelwa okungafanele noma ukutheleleka okuvela kwezinye izitshalo. Izinambuzane ezinambuzane, ezidambisa amandla we-bignonia, nazo azithinti nje kuphela ukuqhakaza kwawo, kodwa futhi zisongela ukukhula okugcwele komvini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunakekelwa okungafanele, okuwukuthi amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu, kwenza izimbali zingenzeki. Kubalulekile ukuvikela amakampasi kusuka kusiqalo sentwasahlobo nasekwindla, ukusimboza ngomhlaba okhethekile. Okusalungiswa njalo kuvimbela ukuvuthwa kwama-buds; kamuva, uma kungavinjelwe, isitshalo singagula. Ungalindi ukuqhakaza kwe-bignonia ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esibandayo, lapho umoya ungafudumali khona ngokungaphezu kuka +20 ° C.
Ama-Campsis izinambuzane nezifo
IBignonia iboniswa ukumelana okuphezulu kwezifo ezahlukahlukene kanye nezinambuzane. Isitshalo kungenzeka singakhombisi zimpawu zokutheleleka isikhathi eside, kepha uma amakamu engasasebenzi, kumele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezifanele.
| Ukubonakaliswa | Isizathu | Indlela yokuphelisa |
| Ukuthoba ipuleti leshidi, kuba lula. I-Petioles neziqu ziphenduka mnyama. | Bacterial (emanzi) ukubola. Kwenzeka ngenxa yokuxineka kwamanzi noma ukutheleleka. | Phatha ngesixazululo samanzi nensipho ye-tar, usike zonke izindawo ezibolile uvuselele inhlabathi. Yehlisa imvamisa yokunisela izikhathi ezi-2, uhlele ukukhiqizwa okungcono. |
| Izindawo ezinombala onsundu nezimpunga ezinezikhungo ezibomvu ngokunsundu, imisebe nokukhalipha kwamakamu. | Uthando lokunye. | Lungiselela izixazululo:
Kuvunyelwe futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali: I-Purebloom, i-Skor, i-Diskor, i-Keeper. |
| Amaqabunga athola umbala wokuhlobisa, amabala aphuzi nobulukhuni obuzwakalayo. Izithelo aziveli, ukuqhakaza kungahle kumiswe. | Ukutheleleka ngegciwane | Susa amahlumela athintekile, phatha ngomanyolo okhethekile osuselwe yethusi. Uma isitshalo sonakalisiwe ngokuphelele, kufanele sibiwe kanye nesigaxa sobumba ukuze ukutheleleka kungasakazeki. |
| Izinambuzane eziluhlaza zingama-0.5-1,5 cm, ama-buds anamathela, amapuleti amaqabunga kanye namahlumela amancane. Ukuguqulwa kwamahlumela kwenzeka. | Ama-aphid. | Kunezindlela eziningana zokulwa:
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