I-Aukuba - isitshalo esidumile esakhula ezimweni zasendlini nasensimini.
Ihlukaniswe ngokulula kwayo kokuqukethwe kwayo kanye nomphumela okhethekile wokuhlobisa amaqabunga, ahlanganiswe namabala egolide akhanyayo.
Incazelo
Ukuvelela kwalesi sitshalo ngumqhele omuhle wombala ohlaza, ogcwele imibala yegolide. Lo mbala futhi wavumela ukunikeza imbali igama elithi "umuthi wegolide".
Ngokwezinye izinguqulo, umbala ufana nokusika isobho, ngakho-ke futhi ubizwa ngokuthi "umuthi wesobho".
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, le shrub yenza i-underbrush ema-subtropics. Kwenzeka e-Himalaya, eKorea. Izwe lakubo yiJapane.
Ukuhunyushwa kusuka eJapane, "aukuba" "isitshalo esibhakabhaka." Emvelweni, i-shrub kuze kube ngamamitha amahlanu. Amaqabunga ayo enziwe ngesikhumba ahlotshiswe ngokuma emaphethweni amafushane. Emaphethelweni weplate leshidi lihlanganiswe nezinothi.
Aukuba ekhaya blooms rare. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ama-inflorescences amancane wezwi elibomvu elikhanyayo avela kumacebiso amahlumela. I-Bush enamaqabunga aluhlaza, egcwele amabala aphuzi aphuzi futhi ehlotshiswe ngezimbali ezincane ibonakala inhle kakhulu. Futhi emva kokuqhakaza, kusekhona ama-berries, njenge-dogwood. Kodwa lokhu kwenzeka kuphela uma kukhona umuthi wesilisa nowesifazane kuqoqo lakho. I-Aukuba isitshalo se-dioecious, futhi siveza izithelo emva kokukhulelwa ngumuntu wobulili obuhlukile.
Izinhlobo
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izitshalo, i-aucuba zimbalwa ngenani. Kodwa abalimi banamuhla bakhiqiza izinhlobo ezihlukile embala wamahlamvu.
Kwamanye amabala kuphela isikhungo seqabunga simboziwe, kanti ezinye zihlanganiswa nokuhlakazeka kwezincane ezincane.
Kukhona ngisho nezinhlobo lapho imifino ihamba khona kuphela ekugcineni, futhi yonke ipuleti igolide.
Okudume kakhulu futhi okuvame ukutholakala egumbini le-floriculture kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili:
IsiJapane
Emvelo, ikhula eJapane naseKorea. Amafomu alolu hlobo ahluke endaweni nendawo yamachashazi. Inamaqabunga e-oval ane-surface ebushelelezi. Ubude bamaqabunga bufinyelela kumamentimitha angu-20. Ukuphakama kwezitshalo ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle kufinyelela kumamitha amabili. Izimbali zalesi sitshalo zikhazimulayo, zibomvu zibuthe, zihlangene ngama-panicles ashisayo. Ukuvuthwa kwenzeka ngokungajwayelekile. Amajikijolo akhona angabumba kuphela obomvu, kodwa aphuzi futhi amhlophe. Umqhele omuhle walolu hlobo ungenziwa kuphela ngokusika izihlahla njalo. Lona uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Ukwamukela izitshalo zalolu hlobo kungenzeka kube esithombeni ngezansi.
Himalayan
Lezi zinhlobo zivela e-Eastern Himalayas. Ukukhula ekhaya akuvamile kakhulu. Ihluke emaqabungeni amancane, amaqabunga aseJapan ombala omnyama omnyama. Amaphethelo aphephe. Ifomu amahlumela akhula ngokushesha adinga ukusika izikhathi ngesikhathi. Izithombe ze-Aucuba Himalayan ziyatholakala ngezansi.
Ingabe i-aukuba iyingozi ekhaya?
I-Aukuba - imbali enobuthi, ngakho-ke akukhuthazwa ukuyibeka endlini lapho kunezingane noma izilwane ezifuywayo. Ubuhlungu buyatholakala kuzo zonke izingxenye zesitshalo!
UKUKHONA. Kuvinjelwe ukukhula aukubu ezikhungweni zezingane!
Aukuba ensimini
Emhlabathini ovulekile "umuthi wegolide" ungakhula ogwini lolwandle oluMnyama. Lesi sitshalo esihlala njalo sesihlumela sikhule sibe ngamamitha amahlanu. Ufometha ifomu elimnandi, elimaqabunga kakhulu. Kunzima ukuya ezimweni zemvelo. Ukhule enhlabathini encane ye-asidi. Kungakhula ezindaweni ezisebusweni nezithuthukile.
Ukunakekelwa ekhaya
I-aukuba yesiJapane noma isihlahla segolide (imbali) - ukutshala okungazenzisi. Ikwazi ukusinda ngisho nangokwemibandela engafanele yeminye imibala yangaphakathi. Awukwazi ukushintsha izinguquko zokushisa, umoya ongcolile, ngokuvamile uzizwa endaweni emnyama.
Ukuze ulondoloze ukukhishwa okukhulu kwe-aucuba, udinga ukulandela imithetho ethile kokuqukethwe kwayo.
Ngemuva kokuthenga
Njenganoma yisiphi isitshalo, kunconywa ukuthi i-aucubu kufanele ifakwe emgqonyeni wokuhambisa ibe yisitsha esifanelekile emva kokuthenga. Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo kwenziwa nge-transshipment, ukuze ungabhidli izimpande ezibucayi. Masinyane ungamanzi isitshalo, yenze ngosuku lwesibili.
Uzokhula kuphi?
U-Aukuba uthanda ukushisa okuphakathi kuka-22-23 degrees. Akathandi izinguquko ngokuzumayo ekushiseni, uyaziphendulela nge-yellowing ebukhali amaqabunga. Isitshalo ngesikhathi esisodwa silahlekelwa ukuhlobanisa kwayo, sithola ifomu elimabala, elibi.
Ebusika, izitshalo kudingeka zikhethe indawo epholile. Kodwa izinga lokushisa akufanele liwe ngaphansi kwama-degree ayisithupha.
Kusukela ekukhanyeni kuncike kumbala wamaqabunga. I-Aucuba izokhula emthunzini naselanga, kodwa endaweni ekhanyayo umbala wamaqabunga uthola i-hue yegolide ecebile, futhi inani nenani lamabala nalo liyanda. Kuphela ukukhanya akufanele kuqondiswe, ngaphandle kwalokho amaqabunga avuleka. Okufanelekayo kwe-aucuba kungaba amafasitela abheke empumalanga noma entshonalanga. Ungayifaka eceleni kwamafasitela aseningizimu, kepha ngebanga elithile.
I-TIP. Ehlobo, faka isitshalo endaweni yokuvotela umoya, lapho izozwa khona. Vele uvikele imbali kusuka emidwebeni kanye nemimoya eqinile.
Imithetho Yokutshala Nokutshala
Ngokungafani nezinye izitshalo, i-aucuba ayidingi ukufakelwa kwesitshalo njalo. Ngomunye umthamo, ikhona kahle kuze kube yiminyaka engu-10. Cabanga ngalokhu lapho utshala isitshalo kusuka eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu. Ibhodlela ngokushesha kudingeka likhethe elikhulu. Ngezansi kwakubeka ungqimba lwamanzi. Inhlabathi ilungiswa kusuka engxenyeni yesihlabathi, i-peat kanye nomhlaba. Zonke izingxenye ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo.
Izibonelo ezincane ngesikhathi sokukhula okukhulayo zifakelwa kanye ngonyaka. Kubantu abadala, ukushintshwa okuyingxenye yenhlabathi kungenzeka (cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu zenxenye engenhla).
Kodwa kulo mbuzo umbono wabalimi bembali abaphikisanayo uphikisana. Abanye bathi uma lesi sitshalo singasetshenziswanga njalo emva kweminyaka emine engama-4-5, izitshalo zegolide ezizoqala ukunyamalala, lesi sitshalo sizolahlekelwa umbala wokukhangisa okhangayo.
Ikhophi elidala idluliselwa ebhodweni elisha ngokunakekelwa. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngezimpawu zokugcwalisa isitsha ngezimpande. Uma izimpande ngabanye ziqala ukuqhubekela phezulu, yisikhathi sokuthatha isinyathelo.
Unganisela kanjani?
Ukunisela kufanele kube okufanayo. Ungavumeli ukuma okuqinile kwe-coma yobumba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukunqwabelana ngokweqile kuyingozi. Ubumpofu emoyeni buyadingeka kakhulu, kodwa abuyesabi ukoma okwesikhashana.
Ngesikhathi sokushisa, lapho umoya usomile, i-aukubu kufanele ihlungwe njalo. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ungasebenzisa i-humidifier noma usebenzise imithombo yokuhlobisa.
Imithetho yokudla
Ukondla i-Aukuba ngesikhathi sokutshala izitshalo kwenziwa kanye ngesonto, kuhlanganise nokunisela. Umanyolo wamaqabunga amaqabunga uyakulungele ukugqoka. Sebenzisa ukuhlushwa okuphakanyisiwe kuphakheji.
Isitshalo siphendula kahle kumanyolo eziphilayo. Zingasetshenziswa njengesisombululo njalo ngesonto.
Izindlela zokuzala
- Isibambo.
- Ukuhlwanyela imbewu.
Iphethwe ngoFebhuwari-Mashi. Thatha isiqu ngamakhasi amabili noma amathathu. Ihlukaniswe kusuka esiteshini futhi ifakwe emxinini we-peat-sand. Uma kungekho peat, ungasebenzisa kuphela isihlabathi.
Lapho nje ukusika kunika izimpande, amahlamvu amancane avela kuso. Ngaphambi kokuba zivele, ibhodlela kufanele limbozwe ngesikhwama, iplastiki noma ingilazi yeglasi. Ihlumela elivuthwe lihlwanyelwe esitsheni esisodwa emhlabathini kusukela emhlabathini, enhlabathini nase-peat. Ungangeza kancane ama-humus noma i-turf engxenyeni, kanye namalahle ochotshoziwe.
Eminyakeni emibili nantathu yokuqala, ihlumela elincane lishintshelwa ezimbizeni ezintsha. Isitshalo esakhula sihlwanyelwe endaweni ehlala njalo ethandeni elikhulu.
Le ndlela ayitholakali kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi isitshalo esivela enzalweni ikhula kancane kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma isitshalo esisha singasetshenziswanga ukuhlukahluka kwamaqabunga. Ngakho-ke, izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo azikhuthazwa.
Kungenzeka ukuthi uthole imbewu ekhaya kuphela uma kunezicabha ezimbili zomzimba ezihlukene, kungenjalo amagciwane wembewu ngeke akhiwe ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza.
Uma uthenge imbewu ye-aucuba futhi wanquma ukuwahlwanyela, faka kuqala kuwo amahora ambalwa. Bese uhlwanyela esitsheni esikhulu, ufefaze futhi umboze ngilazi ukudala izimo zokushisa. Ukuze imbewu ingapheli. Ungabambi ukugwedla efasiteleni elikhanyayo.
Ukudubula
Aukuba kudinga njalo umqhele ukwakheka. Ukuze kufinyeleleke ubukhulu nesimo esihle sezingxenye zendiza ezingenasiphakamiso kunconywa ukuba kunqunywe.
Ezingxenyeni ezisencane, ukuqubuzana kweziqongweni zamahlumela kwenziwa, izitshalo ngesikhathi esisodwa zinika amahlumela amasha kanye nezinkuni, zikhuphula ngokunyuka iqabunga leqabunga.
Funda mayelana nezici zokulima kungabuye ibe kusuka kuvidiyo:
Iyini i-aukuba egulayo?
Ngokunisela okungafanele, isitshalo singathinteka ngokubola. Lokhu kubangelwa ukuqhutshwa phambili kwenhlabathi nokuqukethwe okubandayo kakhulu.
Umsuka wokubola uphawula uhlelo lwempande ngombala obomvu obomvu, umsoco wesitshalo uyama futhi ufe ngesivinini esikhulu. Ngokuvamile kuthinteka yizibonelo ezincane, ezinesibindi. Ukuvimbela - ukunakekelwa okulungile, ukuhambisana nokushisa nokulawulwa kwemigomo. Uma isitshalo sigula, singasindiswa, kodwa kuphela ezinyathelweni zokuqala. Isimo esithintekile kakhulu sizofa ngokuqinisekile.
Susa isitshalo ebhodweni, hlambulula izimpande futhi usike izindawo ezithintekile. Shintsha ibhodlela nomhlabathi. Emva kokufakelwa amanzi kancane.
Izinambuzane
Njengazo zonke izinhlobo ze-leafy, i-aukuba ivame ukuthinteka kakhulu isihlangu ne-aphid. Lezi zinambuzane zihlala kuqala ngaphansi kwamacembe. Bese uhlanganisa yonke indawo. Amahlamvu lapho izinambuzane ziphuza yonke ijusi. Baba yi-lethargic. I-Aphid ihlanganisa nabo ngokugqoka okunamathelayo.
Ngemva kokubona izibonakaliso zezilwanyana esitshalweni (ama-black or brown specks), phatha amahlamvu ngesisombululo sensipho. Bese uyifaka nge-insecticide. Ukucubungula kufanele kuphindwe kathathu, nge-interval kwezinsuku ezingu-14.
I-Shchitovku ibhubhise ngakho ngeke iphumelele. Hlanza nge-swab ehambelana nesisombululo sokuphuza utshwala.
Uma i-white bloom ibonakala emaqabunga, kusho ukuthi i-aucuba ithinteka yizinambuzane zesicabucabu. Lesi sitshalo kumele sageza futhi siphathwe ngesifo sobuthi.
Ukubonakala kwamabala aphundukile - isignali yokutheleleka nge-thrips, ihlelwe ngaphansi kweshidi. Insect isakazeka ngesivinini esikhulu. Futhi ukubonakala kwalo kubangele ukushisa okukhulayo kanye nomswakama ophansi. Izindlela zokulawula zihlanganisa ukwelashwa ne-Inta-Vir, i-Actellic, i-Decis.
Yini i-aukuba ewusizo?
Amahlamvu esitshalo aqukethe izinto ezisebenzayo ezibhubhisa amabhaktheriya anobungozi emoyeni. Yileyo ndlela indlela i-microflora emoyeni ekamelweni elawulwa ngayo.
Izakhiwo ezingokwengqondo zalesi simila nazo ziyaziwa. Kungakha isimo sokuthula nokubumbana. Kodwa ama-boasters enza ukulalela abanye, futhi kuba lula ukuxhumana naye. I-Aukuba ivikela ikhaya lakho kusuka emandleni amabi aletha abanye abantu. Kukhona nenkolelo yokuthi akekho ongakhubekisa umnikazi wesitshalo esigcinwe kahle, kungumhlobo we-talisman kuye.
Amaqabunga e-Aucuba agcwele izinto ezibonakalayo ezisiza ukutholakala kwamathisini omzimba. Ngokulimala nokushisa, amaqabunga angasetshenziswa esikhumbeni, njengoba enomphumela wokulwa nokuvuvukala. Futhi aukuba usizo nge-frostbite, ukulimaza. Ngenxa yalezi zinhloso, amaqabunga asetsheni asetshenziswe.
Ingozi yokusetshenziswa
Sebenzisa i-aukubu ngokucophelela. Kungabangela ukucasuka kwendawo uma kwenzeka ukwanda kwekhanda, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukubonisana nodokotela kuqala.
Izinkinga ezikhulayo
Abalimi abanakekeli abanolwazi abanenkinga ethile:
- I-fragility yamaqabunga ibonisa ukungabi namanzi.
- Amahlamvu angajulile abangelwa ukungabi namsoco.
- Ukubonakala kobomvu obomvu okweqabunga amaqabunga kubonisa ukuthi isitshalo sishiswa ilanga.
- Amahlamvu awela avela kokuqukethwe komoya okomile kakhulu.
Aukuba Inkinga evamile - amaqabunga aphenduka abamnyama, yini okufanele ayenze?
Isizathu salesi simo siwumswakama owunzulu ngokweqile. I-Aukuba - isitshalo okungcono hhayi ukuthulula ukudlula. Ibekezelela ukumile okwesikhashana komhlabathi kalula, futhi ubumnyama emanzini. Ngakho-ke, uma ubona ukunyamala kwamathiphu, ukunciphisa ukuchelela, ngaphandle kwalokho amahlamvu azophendulela amnyama bese ewa, lesi sitshalo sizofa.
Ubumnyama bungabuye buhlotshaniswe nokubusika okungalungile, lapho umoya ovela kwamabhethri omile kakhulu futhi izinga lokushisa liphakeme kakhulu.
Buka u-aukuba uphinde ushintshe izimo zokuboshwa kuye ngezibonakaliso zenkathazo.
Ukunakekelwa okuncane nokuncintisana okukhulu - lokhu kukhangisa ukukhula kwalesi sitshalo. Kungavamile, njengokungathi amahlamvu aqoshwe ngokugqamile ngemibala ekhanyayo izohlobisa ingaphakathi lefulethi nokutshala kuleli zwe.
