UViolet isitshalo esithandwa endlini, esibonakala ngezinhlobo nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Imbali iphakathi kokuzithoba, noma kunjalo, ngisho nokunakekelwa okufanele, kuphakama ubunzima.
Izizathu zokungavuthi kwama-violets
AmaSenpolias ayadingeka ngenxa yezimbali zawo ezinde nezinhlobonhlobo zemithunzi. Okuqashelwa kakhulu i-Uzambara violet.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, isigqoko esithambile sezimbali sithokozisa umnikazi izinyanga eziyi-10 ngonyaka. Esikhathini sasehlobo kuphela ekushiseni okwedlulele lapho isitshalo sithatha "iholide".
Kunzima ukusho ngokungacabangi ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma ukuqhakaza kwezimbali sekuyekile futhi kungasasebenzi. Kungaba nezizathu eziningana futhi zidinga ukubhekisiswa kuyinkimbinkimbi.
Abatshali bezimbali abanolwazi batusa kuqala ukondla isitshalo. Uma isimo singaguquki, kunamaqabunga amaningi hhayi imbali eyodwa ku-violet, sekuyisikhathi sokubheka zonke izakhi zokunakekelwa okufanele.
Izizathu ezithinta impilo ye-senpolia:
- usayizi webhodwe awulingani;
- ukwakheka kwe-acidity noma inhlabathi kukhubazekile;
- ukukhanyisa okungafanele;
- ukufakelwa okuhlulekile;
- ukuguqulwa kwemodi yokudla;
- ukuntuleka kwekhefu lokuqhakaza izimbali;
- ukoma komoya ngokweqile;
- ukutheleleka kwezinambuzane;
- ukwephulwa kwedamu lohlobo.
Isinye salezi zizathu singadala isifo se-violet, ngakho-ke isixazululo senkinga kufanele sisheshe futhi silungile.
Ikhono
Ukukhetha ibhodwe kubalulekile ekuthuthukisweni okufanele kanye nokuqhakaza kwezimbali. I-senpolia enkulu kakhulu izokhipha izimpande. Ingxenye engaphansi komhlaba kufanele igcwalise ngokuphelele isikhala sesitsha, khona-ke isitshalo sizoba namandla okuqhakaza.
Uma incane, udinga ukwenza ukufakelwa. Isibonakaliso sokuthi i-violet yakheka eduze ngokwakhiwa kwamakhasi "ongeziwe" enkabeni, ngenkathi amaqabunga amakhulu asemuva efa.
Isigatshana
Ukwakheka komhlaba wama-violets kumele kube okukhethekile. Ngisho nenhlabathi yendawo yonke ayisebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi esithelweni.
Izakhi zomxube ofanele zihlanganiswa ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo:
- umhlaba;
- amanzi
- umoya.
Umhlaba kumele ukhanye, ngoba le mpuphu ekhethekile yokubhaka iyenezelelwa kukho. AmaBotanists asebenzisa i-perlite ne-vermiculite, ngokucula noma ngokuhlanganiswa. Bafakwa enhlabathini, ukuze iphephe.
Abathandi bezitshalo zasendlini bangahlola ikhwalithi yengxube yomhlaba ngokufaka umunwe ebhodweni lezimbali. Ukuqanjwa ngendlela eyiyo kukuvumela ukuthi uthinte ongezansi wethangi. Isakhiwo esinjalo kufanele sihlale singashintshiwe, uma inhlabathi iqina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kufanele itshintshwe.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, sihlola izinga le-acidity lengxube yomhlaba. I-pH efanelekile yama-violets 6.5 yimvelo ene-acidic kancane. Ukuhlola kwenziwa kusetshenziswa izinkomba ezikhethekile ezingathengwa kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezimbali. Hluza inhlabathi elungiselelwe kanye namanzi afakwe emanzini ayi-10 bese wehlisa okokufaka kungxube.
Isibani
Ukukhanyiswa okufanele kwe-Saintpaulia kufanele kukhanye futhi kusabalale, ngaphandle kokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Ewindini elisenyakatho, ukuqhakaza akufanele ukulindwa.
Abathandi bezitshalo zasendlini banconyelwa ukudala imithombo eyengeziwe yokukhanyisa. Ungafaka izibani ze-fluorescent.
Ama-violets anele ukuqhakaza amahora angama-10, isikhathi esisele lapho imishini ingavalwa.
Umanyolo
AmaSenpolias akhula ngokusebenza unyaka wonke, ngakho adinga Umanyolo ojwayelekile. Ukuze ungafaki ukweqa ukweqa, ochwepheshe batusa ukuthoba izakhamzimba emanzini okunisela.
Izitshalo ezimbi zenziwa amakhambi ngesisombululo esinezakhi ezilungiselelwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngesikhathi sokunisela ejwayelekile, ingxenye yesihlanu yezinga lenyanga leyengezelelwa emanzini.
Kuma-violets, ukulondolozwa kwezimpande kubalulekile, ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukusebenzisa izingxube zezakhi ezinomongo we-phosphorus ephezulu. Baqinisa ingxenye engaphansi komhlaba, ibangela ukuqhakaza okuxakile.
Ukufakelwa okungalungile
Empilweni yezitshalo, imithetho yokufakelwa kwesinye isikhathi kumele ibhekwe. I-Adult violet yathuthelwa kwesinye isitsha, uma kunesidingo, kabili ngonyaka, entwasahlobo noma ehlobo. Lapho udlulisa isitshalo, kubalulekile ukugcina uhlelo lwempande luqinile.
Lapho ususa imbali ebhodweni elidala, ungalimazi isigaxa sobumba.
Akunconywa ukuthi uthinte izandla zakho bese udonsa izimpande eziseceleni emnene.
Umswakama onganele
Emazweni aseningizimu phakathi nehlobo, amakamelo afudumala ngokuqinile phakathi nesikhathi sasemini. Umoya owomile ubhubhisa i-senpolia futhi ekushiseni okungaphezulu kuka-+22 ° C kuyadingeka ukuthambisa okwengeziwe.
Isitshalo sifafazwa njalo. Ungabeka ibhodwe esikhwameni ngamapulangwe amanzi bese uphinda uthinta amanzi njalo ngaphandle kokufaka izakhamzimba.
Isakhi sofuzo
Izinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zibangelwa umsebenzi wezakhi zofuzo. Kukhona ama-violets aqhakaza esikhathini esichazwe ngokuqinile, abanye bakhipha ama-inflorescence amakhulu amaningi kanye ngenyanga, abanye babo bahlotshiswe ngesigqoko esidonsa isikhathi eside konyaka. Lezi yizici zezinhlobo zezilwane odinga ukuzazi noma ukuzicacisa lapho uthenga.
Kepha konke kudinga ukunakekelwa okufanele. Uma imithetho ibonwa, isitshalo siyojabulisa ngobuhle. Kunezimo lapho ngisho nezimo ezifanele zokuboshwa zinganikeli umphumela, lokhu kungukuphazamiseka kofuzo - ngeke kuqedwe. Bajwayele ukulahlwa.
Ukulimala kwezinambuzane
Ngisho nasekhaya, izimbali zingahlushwa izinambuzane namagciwane amancane ayingozi. Ngenxa yalokhu kugula, i-violet ayigcini nje ngokuyeka ukuqhakaza, kodwa futhi iyafa.
Izinambuzane eziphambili nezindlela zokulwa nazo zethulwe etafuleni.
Inambuzane | Ukubonakaliswa | Ukwelashwa |
| Ama-Thrips | Kuncane kakhulu ukuthi bangabonakala kuphela ngokuphazamisa. Ukufihla izinambuzane kuma-anthers ezimbali. | Baziqothula ngokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, ngemuva kokuthi ngigeze kahle isitshalo ngensipho namanzi futhi zisuse ama-inflorescence athintekile. |
| I-Mealybug | Zibonakala ngokushesha ezihlahleni nase emaqabungeni, lezi zinqwaba ezincane ezimhlophe, ezifana noboya bekotini. | Kuyadingeka ukwelapha lesi sitshalo ngama-insecticides, yize ungaqala uzame amakhambi abantu. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, umswakama omkhulu womoya uyabonakala. |
| I-Mite cyclamen | Ayibonakali ngaphandle kwemishini ekhethekile. Ukunquma lesi sifo kuvumela ukwehlisa usayizi nokushintshashintsha kwembali, maphakathi nendawo okuhlanganisiwe kuhlangene. | Ukulawulwa kwezinambuzane-ke kunzima, ngakho-ke, abantu abathintekayo bayanconywa ukuba balahlwe. Uma isitshalo sinenani elikhulu, ama-acaricides noma ama-sireletsetoacaricides asetshenziselwa ukufafaza. |
| I-Powdery hlobo | Kubukeka sengathi isitshalo sifafazwa ngofulawa. Lesi sinambuzane sithanda ama-violets avuthwe ngokweqile afakwe emakamelweni anomoya opholile omncane. | Ukubulala izinambuzane kuyelashwa. |
Uma kutholakala noma yiluphi uhlobo lwenkathazo, lesi sitshalo kumele sihlukaniswe ngaphandle futhi sihlukaniswe yedwa kuze kululame ngokuphelele.
UMnu Dachnik uyachaza: izizathu ezengeziwe zokuntuleka kokuqhakaza kwama-violets
Ukuthena okungalungile, ukungathandeki kokunisela, ukufakelwa okungavamile nakho kuyimbangela yokuntuleka kombala.
Ukuthuthukiswa okuhle kohlelo lwempande kudinga inhlabathi ekhanyayo enomsoco omningi. Ngokukhula okusebenzayo kanye nokudla kwesitshalo, umhlaba ngokushesha uyafinyelela futhi izimbali ziyeka, ngakho-ke ukudluliswa kuyadingeka izikhathi ezi-2-3 ngonyaka.
Ezimweni eziningi, izinkinga ze-violet zibangelwa izimbangela eziningana. Udinga ukuqala ukululama ngokushesha futhi okuhle kunakho konke kusuka ezingeni lokukhanya. Le nkinga ivame kakhulu.
Ngokuqhakaza kwezimbali okubuthakathaka futhi ngokushesha unaka indawo yesitshalo. Mhlawumbe wayevinjelwe okwakungakapheli noma waphuthelwa ukondla.
