I-Powdery hlobo yisifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa isikhunta. Ukulandelela kwayo kubonakala kuphela ezimbali, kepha futhi nakwizitshalo, izihlahla zezithelo kanye nezihlahla ze-berry.
Amabala ale pathogen abonakala ngokusebenza isikhathi eside. Bangakwazi "ukulala" enhlabathini amashumishumi eminyaka.
Ukwenza kusebenze kwenzeka lapho izimo ezinhle zokuzala zenzeka.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zesikhunta. I-Powdery mildew kuma roses ibangelwa yi-Sphaeroteca pannosa. Izishoshovu zalo zingukushisa, umswakama ophezulu, inani eleqile le-nitrogen emhlabathini. Kaningi, ama-rose ama-rose, okuyiwona aminyene, ayatheleleka. Ngakho-ke, iphunga le-musty elintantayo ezungeze isitshalo lingabhekwa njengophawu oluqondile lwesi sifo.
Ungawukhomba kanjani umgubo we-powdery nokuthi uyingozi kangakanani
Okokuqala, umoba, ama-petioles kanye namahlumela amancane aphansi kunawo wonke athelelekile. Amafomu embozo elimhlophe kuwo, lapho i-mycelium ingabonakala khona. Ngemuva kokuvuthwa kwezinhlamvu, kuvela amaconsi amanzi kuso. Uma kungekho ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi, izilonda zisakazeka kuso sonke isitshalo.
Ngenxa yalokhu, ukubukeka kwayo kuba yinto engasebenzi, nephunga eliqhamuka kumaroses lishintsha ngokubi. Lokhu kungachazwa ngokuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba.
Amaqabunga athunjwe yi-Powdery hlobo, ahlushwa i-necrosis, aphenduka aphuzi ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-photosynthesis. Izimbali ziyeka ukuqhakaza, ama-buds mancane kakhulu.
Isitshalo esisekupheleni kwalokhu kugula siyisiqu esingenalutho, ngaphezulu lapho ungabona khona kuphela ubala. Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo kanye nezimpawu zokugcina, i-rose ayikhuli. Ukuqhekeka okuholelayo kuba yindawo yokuzungeza kwamagciwane abolile. Isihlahla esinjalo cishe singenzeki ebusika.
Lesi sifo sinamagama amaningana. Ngokungeziwe kokumukelwa okujwayelekile, kukhona ukuqokwa okudumile njengokuthi "ilineni", "i-ashtray" kanye "nokuhlushwa". Izimpawu ezikhohlisayo zenza kube lula ukuxilonga.
Amagciwane angadluliselwa esitshalweni esinegciwane ayiswa kwesinye esinempilo esebenzisa izinambuzane, umoya noma izinambuzane.
Umsebenzi wethamo lokukhunta uqala ngoJuni.
Izimbangela ze-powdery hlobo kanye nemigomo ejwayelekile yokulwa nayo kuma-roses angaphakathi endlini
Kunezinto eziningi ezingavusa isifo kwizitshalo ezitshalwe ekhaya:
- ukuthintana kwama roses anempilo neziguli;
- izimvula zehla kaningi;
- ushintsho olubukhali lokushisa;
- umswakama ophakeme;
- ukweqile kwe-nitrogen nokuntuleka kwamaminerali enhlabathini namanye amaphutha ngesikhathi semisebenzi yezolimo.
Ukwelapha lesi sifo, kuzodingeka ukuthintana nama-fungicides e-systemic. Uhlu oluphumelela kakhulu lubandakanya iFundazol, i-Amistar Extra, iTopaz, iVitaros, i-Acrobat MC, iSkor, i-Previkur.
Isenzo sabo singasekelwa ngemidwebo yokufafazwa elungiswe ngokwendlela yabantu yokupheka. Ngaphambi kokucutshungulwa, wonke amahlumela alimale, amaqabunga namahlumela kufanele asuswe.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Powdery mildew ngemithi yabantu
Ukugula kusheshe kubonakale, kungcono. Izindlela ezinobumnene zizonikeza umphumela omuhle uma isikhunta singenasikhathi sokumila ngaphakathi kwezicubu zangaphakathi. Isigaba esikhulu kufanele sandulelwe ukulungiselela okulungile, ngenkathi izinyawo namaqabunga athintekile esuswa (ahlukile ngokubukeka okubuhlungu nombala ophuzi).
Uma lesi sifo sesiqhubekela phambili isikhathi eside, izihlahla kufanele sibe sekhadinali. Akufanelekile ukuzwela uzwela ngezingxenye ezisusiwe zesitshalo.
Amakoloni e-mycelium akhiwe enhlabathini asuswa ngokususa ingaphezulu (uma i-rose ikhula ebhodweni).
Isixazululo esifafazwe kufanele simboze sonke isitshalo. Abalimi abanolwazi batusa ukucwilisa ngokuphelele izihlahla. Le ukuphela kwendlela yokuthola umphumela omkhulu. Ukwelashwa okukodwa kuvame ukungwanele, isikhathi sesifundo sinqunywa kususelwa ekwakhekeni komuthi.
Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi ezinye izindlela zingasinqanda lesi sifo, kodwa hhayi usiqede ngokuphelele. Kaningi awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwamathuluzi akhethekile.
Ukucutshungulwa kufanele kwenziwe kwisimo sezulu esomile. Kungcono ukuthi kungabikho moya onamandla nokushisa. Ukuvuna ukwakheka kokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi esizayo akunconywa. Udinga ukwenza okuningi njengoba udinga ngesikhathi esisodwa.
| Iresiphi | Ukusebenza |
| Hlanganisa insipho ewuketshezi (5 g), umlotha we-soda (25 g) namanzi ashisayo (5 l). | Ama-rose afafazwa izikhathi ezi-3, okungenani ngesonto kufanele kuphume phakathi kwamaseshini. |
| Dilute insipho ewuketshezi (1/2 tsp), isoda yokubhaka (1 tbsp. LL) Emanzini (4 l). | Ukucutshungulwa kwenziwa kathathu, isikhawu siyizinsuku eziyi-7. |
| Isixazululo senziwa ngamanzi kanye ne-potanganum permanganate. Kumalitha ayi-10 koketshezi, udinga ukuthatha u-2,5 g we-potanganum permanganate. | Isikhathi sokufafaza phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-5. |
| Umuthi uzodinga amalitha ayi-10 amanzi ne-1 litre ye-serum. | Inkambo ihlala izinsuku eziyi-9, ukufafaza kwenziwa njalo ezinsukwini ezi-3. |
| Umhluzi ulungiswa kusuka emanzini kanye nensimu yamahhashi asensimini (isilinganiso 10: 1, ngokulandelana). Ngemuva kwalokho unxenxa amahora angama-24, abese ebilisiwe. Kufanele ihlale esitofu amahora amaningi. Ngemuva kwalokhu, uketshezi luhlukaniswa izingxenyana eziqinile. Esokuqala sihlanjululwe ngamanzi. Izingxenye ezi-5 zamanzi zithatha ingxenye eyodwa yomhluzi. | Ukwelashwa kokuvimbela kwenziwa ehlobo nasentwasahlobo. |
| Umuthi wenziwa nge-zethusi sulfate (5 g) namanzi ashisayo (250 ml). Le ngxube ithululelwa kancane esitsheni esigcwele amanzi anensipho (amalitha ama-5 amanzi, ama-50 g wesepha). | Ngokuhambisana nemithetho ejwayelekile. |
| 2 tbsp. l I-mustard powder ivuthwe kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi. | Kufanelekile ukufafaza nokunisela. |
| I-Ash ixubekile (1 kg) namanzi afudumele (10 l). Isixazululo sigcizelelwa izinsuku ezingama-7, singakhohlwa ukuvusa. Isepha lotshwala buthululelwa ekwakhiweni kokukhubazeka. | Ukuqhutshwa kwansuku zonke kuvunyelwe. |
| Thatha ugarliki oqoshiwe (25 g) namanzi (1 l). Hlanganisa, faka amahora angama-24, hlunga. | Ukuvama kokufafaza kuya ngesimo sezitshalo zasendlini. |
| I-1 l ye-Whey kanye namaconsi ayi-10 e-iodine afakiwe emanzini. | Kudingeka izikhathi ezi-2 kuphela, isikhawu sezinsuku eziyi-7. |
| Kuzothatha amalitha ayi-10 amanzi kanye namalitha ama-3 womquba omusha. Le nhlanganisela ifakwa izinsuku ezintathu, uketshezi olumphumela uthululwa esitsheni esihlukile. Amanzi angezwa kuwo (ngokwesilinganiso esingu-1: 10, ngokulandelana). | Ngokuhambisana nemithetho ejwayelekile. |
Ukwelashwa kwe-Powdery mildew nge fungicides
Uma ezinye izindlela zinganikanga umphumela owufunayo, futhi isimo se-irosary siba sibi kakhulu, kuzodingeka usebenzise izidakamizwa ezikhethekile. Emisebenzini yabo, ukumiswa kwezinqubo ezingezinhle kanye nokuqedwa ngokuphelele kwe-pathogen. Amabhonasi angeziwe afaka isenzo sokubuyisa.
Ama-fungicides angaba ngamakhemikhali kanye nawamakhemikhali.
Ezangaphambili zithathwa njengeziphephile. Amaningi azisebenzisa njengezithuthukisi zokukhula. Ngeshwa, azifani ngokusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu maqondana nokugula okunganakwa. Izindlela ezivela kulesi sigaba zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvimbela.
Ama-fungicides emvelaphi yamakhemikhali angalimaza abantu nemvelo. Akufanele bahlukunyezwe. Izinzuzo zale mishanguzo zibandakanya umphumela wezokwelapha osheshayo futhi onamandla.
| Kusho, izindleko | Ukupheka | Ukusebenza |
| I-Fitosporin-M 60 rub ngo-200 g | Powder: Izingxenye ezi-2 zamanzi axazululiwe zithathwa 1 ingxenye yomuthi. Umxube obangelwayo washiywa wedwa amahora ama-3. I-Pasta: ukwakheka kwayo kwenziwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Izilinganiso ziyefana, impilo yeshalofu yinde kakhulu. Ukuqinisekisa ukulungiswa, insipho yewuketshezi (1 tsp) kufanele ifakwe kusisombululo. | Isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa nokuvimbela. Imvamisa yokucubungula incike kwisimo sezulu. Uma ihlobo lina, kufanele kwenziwe kanye ngeviki. |
| Alirin B 80 rub kwethebhu engama-20. | Izothatha insipho eyi-1 ml yensipho ewuketshezi, izibhebhe ezi-2 ze-fungicide, amalitha ayi-10 kasepha owuketshezi. Isithako sokuqala sithululelwa njengoba sifisa. Ukusheshisa ukuthuthukiswa, ukwakheka kungasekelwa nge-stimulator yokukhula (Zircon, Epin). Uma ikhambi lizosetshenziselwa ukuvimbela, le imithamo iyamiswa. | Ngomuthi, zivimbela futhi zelaphe izifo. |
| Fundazole 40 rub kwe-10 g. | I-fungic ye-systemic ingathengwa kwifomu le-powder. Ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi, i-10 g yesidakamizwa. | Futha kathathu. |
| Kutsheka KE 300 rub nge-100 ml. | I-0.4 ml ye-emulsion egxilile ithathwa ilitha elilodwa le-ketshezi. | Umphumela wokwelapha uhlala amasonto ama-2. Ukucutshungulwa kwenziwa uma izinga lokushisa lomoya lingaphansi kuka-+30 ° C. |
Ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwesidakamizwa esifanayo, umlutha ukhula kuma-microorganisms we-pathogenic.
UMnu Dachnik uyancomela: izindlela zokuvikela lesi sifo
I-Powdery mildew kulula ukuyivimbela kunokulapha. Ukunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka kwama-rose ama-rose, kufanele:
- susa ngesikhathi izingxenye zezitshalo ezithintekile;
- sikhula njalo ingadi ye-rose;
- lapho utshala, qaphela ukujikeleza kwezilimo;
- khetha ngokucophelela imbewu;
- ukondla izitshalo engadini, kulandela izincomo zochwepheshe futhi unaka isimo sokuqala senhlabathi;
- khetha izinhlobo zokulwa ezingama-roy;
- sanitize amathuluzi.
Ukuvimbela akuthathi isikhathi esiningi. Ukuze irosari ihlale ingumhlobiso we-infield kuyo yonke inkathi efudumele, umuntu kufanele alandele ngokuqinile uhlelo lwezinyathelo zezolimo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukubukeka kwe-Powdery hlobo, izinhlobonhlobo zayo zamanga nama-parasites, ngokwesibonelo, ama-aphid, akunakugwenywa.
