Ukukhiqiza ukukhiqiza

Incazelo kanye nezithombe zezinhlobo ezidumile ze-Hypericum

Sekuyisikhathi eside, isitshalo semifino sikaSt. John sibhekwa ngabantu ukuthi babe isitshalo esiwusizo kakhulu esibamba izifo eziningi kangaka.

Kubantu abaningi, akuyona eyingozi, kepha kunalokho ubuthi bawo buba nomthelela omubi kakhulu, kuyilapho izilwane nezinyoni kubangela ubuthi obubi, okungaba yingozi, futhi ngenxa yalokhu isitshalo sabizwa ngegama layo - iSt John's wort.

Kodwa kukhona futhi ukuthi i-Wort St. John's wort yathola igama layo ngenxa yokuthi inikeza umuntu amandla amakhulu kangangokuba angakwazi ukunqoba noma yisiphi isilwane. Ngokuphathelene ne-Hyperichera ezoxoxwa ngakho esihlokweni sethu, sizokwazi ukuchaza incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo zezimbali kanye nezithombe zabo.

I-Olympic

Izwe lakubo libhekwa njengamazwe aseYurophu aseMedithera naseTurkey. Ukuphakama kwe-St John's wort kuyi-35 cm, kanti ububanzi bokhuni buba ngu-25 cm. I-rhizome inamandla kakhulu, kodwa ayijulile.

Amahlamvu anesimo se-ellipse, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Iqhakaza ngezimbali ezinkulu eziphuzi ezinezinhlangothi ezifinyelela ku-6 cm, eziqoqwe kuma-apical semi-umbels. Izimbali ziwela ekupheleni kukaJulayi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti, ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo kanye nemibhede yembali ziqala ukuqhakaza iminyaka emithathu emva kokutshala.

Lesi sitshalo sisakazwa ngokukhululekile kokubili ngendlela yenzalo nangokuhlukanisa izimpande. Ukukhula okuhlobisa ukufakelwa akudingi. Ngokuqondene nomhlabathi, kuwuhlakaza, kepha i-loam ibhekwa njengendlela engcono kakhulu yokukhula kwayo okuhle. Ngokuqondene nokukhanyisa, kufanele kube endaweni evulekile, uma uyifaka emthunzini, khona-ke amathuba okuthi azoqhakaza azoba encane kakhulu. Akudingi ukuchelela okuvamile, akubekezeli amanzi anele. I-wort yaseSt. John ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukutshala izihlahla zasemadolobheni.

Izinwele ezinamafutha

I-Hypericus pericus nayo yaziwa nangokuthi iyayiboya - iyisimbiso esiqhamukayo esivela e-Asia Minor nasenyakatho ye-Afrika, okuphakama kwayo kuya kwesigamu semitha ukuya emitha. Uhlelo lwempande luyinyama, ubukhulu bezimpande buba ngu-2 mm.

Isiqu sembali sinothile, isilinda ngaphandle kwemifantu yesikhathi eside. Isitshalo sonke sigcwele izinwele zombala obomvu. Ngesinye isikhathi ungathola ama-specimens angacishe abe nezinwele, angatholakala kuphela phezulu.

Amaqabunga alula, elliptical in shape, ubude bawo buhluka kusuka 1 cm kuya 5 cm, nobubanzi kusuka 1 cm kuya 2 cm. Umbala amaqabunga kukhona blue-green.

Uyazi? Ishidi elilodwa liqukethe u-110 mg wevithamini C.
Izimbali eziphuzi zakha i-panicle, ubude obuphakathi kwe-4 cm kuya ku-20 cm. Izimbali zifika ekupheleni kukaJulayi nango-Agasti, kanti izithelo zivela ngo-September.

Izindawo eziyinhloko lapho ihlumela elinomunyo okhulayo likhula khona izigodi ezinamapulangwe nemithambeka, imifula, amahlumela. Ezisezintabeni zingakhuphukela endaweni eyi-2.8 km.

I-holed (evamile)

I-Hypericum perforatum noma evamile ibhekisela ezitshalweni ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zokwelapha, futhi isetshenziselwa embonini yokudla. Le mbali itholakala yonke indawo, ikhula emahlathini, ama-steppes, emaphethelweni amasimu.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nezitshalo ezinjalo zokwelapha njenge-peony encane-evulekile, i-ginseng, i-thistle, i-levzeya enemifino emnandi, isonto, umhlonyane, i-catnip, i-lungwort.

Ukusakazwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu nase-Asia, i-wort yaseSt. John isungulwe kahle eJapane, eNew Zealand nase-Australia.

Lesi sitshalo singama-80 cm ubude futhi sinezimpande ezincane kodwa eziqinile. Isiqu siyinkimbinkimbi, ibushelelezi, ekuqaleni kokukhula kuluhlaza, kepha kamuva kuthola umbala obomvu noma ubomvu.

Esimeni, imigoqo emibili ibhalwe kahle. Eyaziwa ngokuba khona kweziqukathi ze-secretory ezinezinto ezibomvu ezimnyama.

Amaqabunga e-Hypericum avulekile, angama-ovate noma ama-elliptical aso, angaba ngu-3 cm ubude, futhi afike ku-2 cm ububanzi. Anezinhlamvu eziningi zensimbi ezikhanyayo nezingumnyama, okudala ukubonakala kwezimbobo, ngakho-ke leli gama lixhunyiwe.

Izimbali eziphuzi ezinamaphesenti angu-2, njengamacala angaphambilini, yakha i-panicle. Izimbali zigcina lonke ihlobo. Ngenxa yama-tannins asetshanini, amafutha abalulekile, i-beta-sitosteriun, i-saponin, amavithamini C no-E, ama-macro-and microelements ahlukene, asetshenziselwa kakhulu emithi, aphathwa ngezinxeba, ukuxhaswa kwamanxeba, izilonda, isifo sofuba, isifo samathambo.

Kubalulekile! Ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezihlukahlukene ngesisekelo se-Hypericum akukhuthazwa abantu ababhekene nokucindezeleka kakhudlwana nabesifazane abakhulelwe.

I-Cup-shape

I-wort St. John's is a shrub esingafinyelela isigamu semitha ukuphakama. Amagxolo anombala obomvu obomvu. Amaqabunga ayenesikhumba, eluhlaza, njengamanye amalunga omzimba, amaqabunga ayi-elliptical.

Ubude bawo buhluka kusuka ku-2 cm kuya ku-7 cm, nobubanzi kusuka ku-1 cm kuya ku-3 cm. Amathiphu amaqabunga aphikisiwe noma akhonjisiwe kancane.

Izimbali ezihlanzekile ezibomvu zinezinga eliphakeme kakhulu - cishe ama-7 cm. Ama-bracts ayi-oval oblong, cishe ubude obuyi-1.5 cm no-0.5 cm ububanzi. Izimbali zivela kusukela ekupheleni kukaMeyi kuya kuJulayi, kanti izithelo zivela phakathi nonyaka.

Lezi zinhlobo zikhetha indawo evulekile ngenani elikhulu lokukhanya, kodwa lingase libe nomthunzi okhethekile. Isakazwa kabanzi emaBalkans naseTurkey, ithole kalula izimpande e-Australia naseNew Zealand. EYurophu itshalwa emapaki, njengembali yokuhlobisa.

Ukudaya

Leli lungu lomndeni we-Feline lifinyelela ukuphakama kwemitha eyodwa. Amagxolo abomvu obomvu. Amahlamvu angama-4 cm kuya ku-10 cm ubude futhi u-1 cm kuya ku-6 cm ububanzi (ngezinye izikhathi isikhathi eside). Amathiphu amaqabunga akhonjisiwe, kodwa abuye avele, ane-elliptical shape, amaqabunga angezansi ane-gray tints.

Izimbali eziphuzi zakha ama-inflorescences amancane, afushane, amancane avulekele avela ezimbali ezintathu kuya kwezingu-8 ngesinye. Ububanzi bezimbali buba ngu-4 cm ububanzi. Ama-ovaries ayindilinga noma ama-oval. Iqhakaza ngoJuni noJulayi.

Ukudaya kwe-Hypericum, njengezihlobo zayo, kukhetha izindawo ezisebusuku, kodwa kungakhula ezindaweni ezithunyiwe. Ngezinhloso zokuhlobisa, izinhlobo ezincane zitshalwe emagqumeni nasemithambekeni, eduze nezindlela zasendlini, evame ukusetshenziselwa ukwakha izingoma zezwe.

Ku-landscape design, silverfish, heliotrope, umjunipha, i-microbiotus, i-spruce, i-honeysuckle, i-cypress, i-fir, i-boxwood, i-pine, i-yew, i-thuja, i-tradescantia, i-yucca, intsha, i-pyrethrum, i-campsis, i-alissum ivame ukusetshenziswa.

Izinhlobonhlobo eziphezulu zivame ukutshalwa nezinye izikhathi eziphilayo zokudala uthango. Ukudaywa kwe-Hypericum kusakazwa eNyakatho Afrika, cishe kulo lonke elaseYurophu, eTurkey naseCaucasus.

Uyazi? I-Hypericum extract isetshenziselwa ukulungiselela isiphuzo esidumile "Baikal".

Amaceleni amane (amaphiko amane)

I-hypericum tetrahedral ifana kakhulu nejwayelekile. Ingahlukaniswa nomuntu ojwayelekile ngemiphetho emine ebude obuningi e-stem, kuyilapho kulesi sitshalo esivamile kukhona isiqu se-cylindrical enemizila emibili.

I-Sepals ayinayo i-cilia ephuzi emaphethelweni. Kukhona amachashazi amnyama emagumbini embali.

Isakazwe empumalanga ye-Europe nase-Asia. Akunconywa ukuthi uyisebenzise ngezinhloso zezokwelapha ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezinto ezinobuthi.

Kudwetshiwe

Lesi sitshalo sinemigqa eqondile, isigubhu esinezinhlangothi ezimbili, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izimbambo eziningi. Ukuphakama kwehlathi akudluli isigamu samitha. Izigulane zinikezwa ngesimo semifino emnyama engavamile namachashazi.

Amaqabunga aqinile ku-stem futhi aphikisana. Ukuma kwabo kuyi-oval noma i-elliptical, amathiphu abo ayabonakala. Ubude buvela ku-2 cm kuya ku-4 cm, futhi ububanzi buvela ku-0.5 cm kuya ku-1 cm.

Izimbali zombala ophuzi ophuzi, ububanzi obungaba ngu-3 cm, ngokuvamile aziziningi, kodwa ama-inflorescences amakhulu angatholakala ngesimo se-panicles kuze kufike ku-17 cm ubude, izimbali ezingafani zivamile. Izimbali ziqala ngoJulayi futhi ziphela ngo-September. Endle, lesi sitshalo singatholakala ema-steppes, emithambekeni yemifula, ezintabeni ezincane, emaphethelweni emifula. Kwabiwa eMongolia, eKorea.

Ihlisiwe

I-Hypericum ibonakala isitshalo esilula esingapheli, sifinyelela ukuphakama kwamamitha angu-30 kuya ku-70 cm. Ihluke kwezinye izici ezincane ngokubonakala kwamasepali amakhulu kanye nesiqu ezinezimbambo ezine ezivelele.

Imibala ye-Hypericum ivame ukuba yintsundu, ngezinye izikhathi ibomvu. Izimbali zimbalwa, zingekho ngaphezu kwe-2 cm, igolide enemibala, ekhona engxenyeni engenhla yesitshalo futhi iqoqwe nge-inflorescence engavamile. Ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, ibhokisi elinambewu encane lakhiwa.

Lezi zinhlobo zisakazwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu, kanye nasezindaweni eziseningizimu zaseSiberia. Ingajwayele ukutholakala emadlelweni omile omile, eduze kwamabhishi namachibi, eduze kwamigwaqo. Unendawo yokuphulukisa ephezulu futhi isetshenziselwa izinjongo zokwelapha.

Kubalulekile! Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwe-Hypericum amalungiselelo emadodeni kungabangela ukungapheli kwesikhashana.

Hamba phansi

I-wort yaseSt. John iyisembozo seminyaka yonke, esineziqu eziphuma ngaphandle futhi zifinyelele ubude obungaphezu kwezingu-10 cm. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kukhona izitshalo ezimile, ezinama-branched, ezifake ama-sod.

Amaqabunga amancane, ahlangene, nge-spike encane ekugcineni. Izimbali nazo zincane, kufikela ku-1 cm ububanzi, zodwa noma ziqoqwe ezincane ze-inflorescences ezivulekile. Amapetali ombala ophuzi, nokuba khona kwama-glands amnyama.

Kuqhakaza yonke ihlobo, kodwa kunalokho umswakama-onothando futhi awubekezeli umthunzi. Enye yezinzuzo zalolu hlobo iphakame ukuqina kweqhwa. I-hypericum ehamba kahle ikhula kahle ezindaweni ezingaseNtshonalanga naseNyakatho yeYurophu emasimini, emadlelweni nasezweni elihle.

Intaba

Intaba yase-St. John's wort etholakala emahlathini azinzile, ehlathini emithambekeni ephakeme kakhulu kulo lonke elaseYurophu ingxenye yaseRussia, i-Ukraine, iBelarus ngisho naseCaucasus.

Kubonakala ngokutholakala kwezitshalo ezilula ezilula ezingafaka igatsha kancane futhi zifinyelele ngaphezu kwengxenye yemitha. Amaqabunga afana ne-oval, amakhulu ukusuka ku-5 cm kuya ku-6 cm, enesibindi esincane ngezansi, evame ukutholakala phezulu kwesitshalo.

Izimbali ziphuzi, ziqoqwe nge-capitate inflorescences. Isetshenziswa kokubili ekuhlotsheni, nezinhloso zezokwelapha.

Uyazi? E-Caucasus, intaba iphuma hypericum isetshenziswa njenge-agent esebenza kahle kakhulu ye-anthelmintic agent.

Okukhulu

Wort St. John's wort kuyinto plant herbaceous, phezu imitha eliphezulu. Iziqu zalo zimila, ngezinye izikhathi zixhuma phezulu. Amaqabunga ayesimo somzimba obomvu, ekhomba kancane, emaceleni angemuva athola umthunzi obomvu, onamathele esitsheni ngokumelene nomunye.

Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kuvela izimbali ezinkulu eziphuzi ezihle kakhulu, zihlelwe zingama-singly noma kuze kufike ku-5 ngamasu weziqu noma amagatsha. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza sifushane - kusukela ngoJuni kuya kuJulayi.

Emvelweni, itholakala emahlathini asePine and birch, phakathi kwezihlahla, emifuleni nasemachibi eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude. Ngenxa yokunciphisa ngokushesha kwe-wort St. John's, isakazeka eChina, eJapane, eU.SA naseCanada.

I-Gebler

Lokhu kuphela kuyinto engavamile kakhulu futhi kuhlulwe eNcwadini Ebomvu ezindaweni eziningi. Isiqu saso sibomvu obomvu, sinemibala emine, sifinyelela ubude bezingaphezu kwesigamu semitha.

Amaqabunga ahlukene, i-oblong-oval shape, enamabala ekupheleni, abe nezigcawu ezibonakalayo. Izimbali ziphuzi, ziphuzi ngezinye izikhathi. Ivela e-Asia, ikhula emaphethelweni ehlathini, emahlathini amakhulu asehlathini, emaphethelweni emifula. I-wort St. John's is a plant ornamental plant esaziwa ngabantu isikhathi eside kakhulu, futhi izinhlobo zayo ezihlukahlukene zingatholakala cishe yonke indawo.