Zonke izindlela zokulwa nobhungane wamazambane waseColorado

Ubhungane wamazambane waseColorado - isitha esikhulu samazambane, savela nesithelo esimangalisayo. Ukuvela eRussia kuthiwa kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVII futhi kuhlotshaniswa negama le-Emperor Peter I, Ukulwa naye kuyaqhubeka, kepha akekho noyedwa umlimi okwazi ukuqeda ngokuphelele inkathazo ekhohlisayo.

I-Colorado amazambane amazambane: izici

Ibhungane elinemigqa lijwayela ngokushesha kunoma yiliphi ikhambi elisetshenziselwa wona. Akunakuphikwa ukuthi umuntu angabanaki, banamandla amakhulu okuthi bangabhubhisa isivuno sonke, futhi baphinde bande futhi bakhule ngokushesha okukhulu. Owesifazane oyedwa angazalela amaqanda ayi-1000 ngehlobo ngalinye. AbakwaColorado bazivumelanisa kalula nanoma yiziphi izimo, bethambekele emhlabathini, basinda ngisho nasebusika obunzima kakhulu. Uma unyaka unikezwa ulambile, kanti ne-nightshade ayifiki, bawela ekubandakanyeni, okungahlala kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu. Ngakho-ke, wonke umuntu onenhlanhla onesakhiwo sendawo noma indlu edolobhaneni uhlala ekhathazeka ngalo mbuzo: ungawuqeda kanjani lo bhungane wamazambane waseColorado?

Izindlela eziphambili zokulwa ne-beetle yamazambane i-Colado:

• amakhemikhali;
• i-agrotechnical;
• abantu;
• ngokwemvelo.

Uhlobo lwebhungane lamazambane leColorado

Izindlela zokwelapha ubhungane wamazambane waseColorado zingahlukaniswa ngokuya ngamapharamitha amaningi:

• Ngokukhethekile:
  • mncane, okuhloswe ngawo ukulwa uhlobo oluthile: okhulile, amaqanda noma izibungu;
  • ebanzi noma yendawo yonke. Ngokuthinta ngempumelelo zonke izigaba zomjikelezo wempilo ngokulinganayo. Zinobuthi ukwedlula ama-ejenti aqondiswe ngokuqondile.
• Ngendlela yokusebenzisa:
  • amakhambi wokucubungula nezilimo eziyizigaxa;
  • isifutho sifakwa emaqabungeni naseziqu zesitshalo.

• Ngendlela yokuvezwa:
  • iphini. Inzuzo yezidakamizwa ezinjalo ukuthi aziqongeli kungaba ngeziqu noma ezithelweni ngokwazo, kodwa zihlala ebusweni bese zisebenza ngokuqondile kumabhungane. Okusho ukuthi, azinawo umthelela esitshalweni, futhi ungangcolisi amazambane ngamakhemikhali ngokweqile. Kodwa-ke, uma uthambisa noma imvula, isheshe igezwe ngamanzi, ngenxa yalokhu, ukwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe kaningana ngenkathi. Ibhungane lamazambane laseColorado livumelana ngokushesha nalolu hlobo lwamakhambi, yingakho sonke isikhathi sonyaka kufanele sikhethe umuthi wanamuhla;
  • ngokwemvelo. Ama-biological agents yiwo aphephe kakhulu futhi ahloselwe ukuthi ngemuva kokuwadla, amabhungane alahlekelwe wukudla kwawo bese efa yindlala. Azinangozi kubantu, zingasetshenziselwa izinhlobo zokuqala zamazambane. Okubi kakhulu ukuthi udinga ukuphinda ukucubungula kaningana. Imvamisa kathathu ngesonto kwanele;
  • okuhleliwe. Izidakamizwa zithathwa njengezisebenza kakhulu empini yokulwa neBhungane lamazambane leColorado. Abanye babo, ngokwesibonelo, i-Prestige ne-Ingcweti, benzelwe ukucubungula nezilimo eziyizigaxa ngaphambi kokutshala, okukuvumela ukuthi ungakhathazeki ngesitshalo isizini yonke. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela ayinakusetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni zamazambane zokuqala ngenxa yobuthi bayo obuphakeme. Lezi zimali zingena ezigxotsheni naseziqandisini zesitshalo, zizenze zinobuthi kumabhungane.

• Ngezinto ezisebenzayo:
  • ama-avermectins aphephile kubantu, kepha angaba yingozi kwizinyosi noma ezinye izinambuzane, atholakala ngokwemvelo noma ngokusebenza kahle kuma-streptomycetes;
  • ama-pyrethrins - atholakala ezitshalweni ze-Astro, ezingezona ezinobuthi kubantu, kepha ayingozi kwizinyosi. Emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-25 ° C awasebenzi;
  • phosphoric - ngokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile, basheshe baphelelwe ukusebenza ngenxa yokuthi amabhungane ayajwayela, amalungiselelo alesi sigaba kufanele aguqulwe okungenani kanye ngonyaka;
  • neonicotinoids - esetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezihlelekile.

Ukubhujiswa kwa-mabhungane amazambane aseColorado ngezindlela eziphephile

Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali lapho kulwa ibhungane lamazambane leColorado akungabazeki ukuthi kuyaphumelela, kepha akuyena wonke umuntu onquma ukuwasebenzisa.

Amakhemikhali angama-aggressive angalimaza impilo kanye nemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhiqizo ephilayo abantu abaphila ngendlela enempilo abayikhethayo manje ibhekwa kakhulu. Futhi lapho kukhula imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphakeme, ukusetshenziswa kwezithasiselo zokufakelwa nganoma yiluphi uhlobo kuyinto engathandeki kakhulu. Amazambane, ikakhulukazi afakwe ku-tubers, naphezu kwazo zonke izitifiketi zokuphepha, awukwazi ukubhekwa njengomkhiqizo we-100%.

Ungasivikela kanjani isivuno sakho bese ususa ibhungane lamazambane leColorado ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali? Indlela yesabelomali kakhulu futhi elula kunazo zonke ukukhetha ngesandla. Kepha, naphezu kobulula obonakalayo, indlela nayo iyona edla isikhathi. Ngosuku olulodwa, akunakwenzeka ukuqoqa zonke izinambuzane ngasikhathi sinye, ngaphandle kokukhohlwa ngama-larva futhi wabeka amaqanda. Ikakhulu uma ubheka iqiniso lokuthi ibhungane lamazambane leColorado lihamba ngokushesha ukusuka endaweni kuya endaweni, lidluliselwa ezingutsheni nasezinweleni zezilwane, futhi lizalwe ngokushesha okukhulu. Le ndlela ilungele labo abangazange babekele indawo enkulu amazambane. Amacembe kufanele aphathwe ngokucophelela, ngoba izibungu ezincane namaqanda zingaphansi kweqabunga. Ngemuva kokuqoqa amabhungane kushiswe.

Uma indawo ebanzi yabelwa amazambane, le ndlela ngeke isebenze kahle. IBhungane lizindiza ukusuka endaweni kuya endaweni, lizalele amaqanda amasha, umsebenzi omkhulu uzoba yize.

Indlela eyaziwayo yabantu yokuvikela amazambane ukutshala isitshalo endaweni, iphunga laso lingathandeki kakhulu kubhungane lwamazambane aseColorado. I dill esetshenziswa kakhulu. Kuyinto engathobeki, ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, kepha ukusondela okunjalo kwezinambuzane akuyona ukuthanda kwabo. I-anyanisi ikhasi. Ukungcwatshwa kwizimbobo noma emiseleni kuzokwethusa iColorado. Ukuhogela kwe-husk yokubola, akumnandi izinambuzane, kepha kuphephile ngokuphelele imvelo futhi akukuthinti ikhwalithi yamazambane.

Enye indlela yokubhekana naleli bhungane lamazambane leColorado ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali wukuxubha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, lungisa semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla - utshani kusuka otshanini obungenakhula olungenambewu, utshani, amahlamvu. Ibekwe ekwindla, ngaphambi kobusika. Ebusika, ukuvutshelwa kwenzeka. Ukuphakama kwe-mulch kufanele kube ngu-30 cm, ngemuva kokutshala, ukuphakama okudingekayo kumele kugcinwe ngokubeka izinto ezintsha. Le ndlela inciphisa kakhulu inani lama-colorads esakhiweni futhi isiza ukugcina isivuno singasebenzi. Ngemuva kokuqoqa, i-hay ayikwazi ukususwa, kepha etshalwe kanye nomhlaba, lokhu kuzoba ngumanyolo omuhle womhlabathi.

Indlela yesibili - ngemuva kokuhluma kokuhlukaniswa kwendawo yamazambane, kubeka ungqimba lwama-cm cm otshani abasikiwe abasha, noma i-sawdust. Usawdust wezihlahla zeConiferous muhle kakhulu emsebenzini.

Izindlela zebhayoloji

Ukubhujiswa ngezindlela zemvelo nakho kungenzeka, kepha umzabalazo ungaphumeleli, ngoba ibhungane lamazambane leColorado esimeni sezulu saseRussia alinazo izitha eziningi zemvelo. Ekhaya, eColorado, inani labantu ligodliwe izimbungulu nezikaki, nokho, ngokungafani nesincintisana esiqinile, lezi zinhlobo eRussia azihlali ngenxa yezici zesimo sezulu, ngakho-ke iColorado izizwa ingcono kakhulu.

Amabhungane angaphansi, izimbungulu kanye namawashingi nama-ladybugs angadla izibungu namaqanda, kepha angathinti abantu abadala.

Ama-turkeys nezinyoni ze-guinea angafundiswa ukuzingela abantu abadala. Ukuze wenze lokhu, banikezwa okuphakelayo kweColorado, futhi udinga ukukuqala lokhu ekuqaleni kweminyaka yobudala. Futhi, izinyoni zinikeza isivikelo esingeziwe - ukulahlwa kwazo kungabesabisa izinambuzane ezingafuneki. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela ine -back, izinyoni zingalimaza izithombo futhi zinciphise kakhulu inani lesivuno sokugcina.

Izindlela ze-Agrotechnical

Ukulima umhlaba ofanele kunganciphisa inani labantu ababulala izinambuzane ngezinga elikhulu. Ukubhekana namabhungane amazambane aseColorado ngezindlela zemishini kanye ne-agrotechnical kuyindlela ephumelelayo, kepha ngasikhathi sinye inqubo yokuqinisa izisebenzi engenziwa ngosuku olulodwa. Kudinga ukulungiselela ngokucophelela. Isinyathelo ngasinye kufanele silungiselelwe kusengaphambili.

• Ukuze izinambuzane zingasaphili ebusika, inhlabathi ngemuva kokuvunwa kufanele yambiwa yafika ekujuleni okungaphansi kwesigamu semitha, khona-ke ukuqandisa kuzoba ngokujulile, okuyothinta inani lezinambuzane.
• Ngemuva kokumba ekwindla, umhlaba kufanele ufafazwe kakhulu ngomlotha.
• Lapho utshala emigodini noma emiholweni, kufanele kufakwe inani elikhulu lomanyolo we-organic.
• Ukuvuthwa kusenesikhathi kwamazambane kuzokuvumela ukuba uqede amaqanda amaningi.
• Musa ukunganaki. Le ngenye yezindlela ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu zokuvikela ingadi.
• Akufanele utshale izitshalo eziseduze kwazo. Utamatisi, isitshalo seqanda, amazambane atshalwe kangcono ngangokunokwenzeka komunye nomunye.
• Ngokufanelekile, indawo yokutshala izilimo ezithathwa lulalela ukutheleleka kufanele ishintshwe minyaka yonke.
• Izicupho. Ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokutshala, kepha lapho izinga lokushisa lasemini lingaphezu kuka-10 ° C, ama-tubers asikiwe angabekwa endaweni lapho amazambane ahlelelwe ukutshala khona. Amabhungane, alamba ngemuva kokucwaswa, azoshiya izindawo zawo zokukhosela eyofuna ukudla, futhi angaqoqwa kalula ndawonye namazambane angenasidingo.

UMnu. Dachnik utusa ukuthi: izindlela zokupheka zabantu nezindlela zokulwa nale bhungane lembiza yamazambane

Izindlela ezimbalwa zokupheka ezingasiza futhi ukunciphisa inani lamabhungane e-Colorado amazambane ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amakhemikhali anokhahlo:

1. Uviniga noshukela. Ukulungiselela ikhambi, uzodinga u-100 ml kaviniga, 100 g wesoda namalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Hlanganisa ngaphambi kokufafaza. Leli nani lingacutshungulwa cishe ngamamitha ayi-200 skwele.
2. Thela iziqongo ze-anyanisi negalikhi ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi ashisayo kodwa hhayi abilayo, shiya usuku olu-1, nzima bese ucubungula imibhede.
3. Ingilazi yamafutha yemifino, exutshwe namalitha ayi-10 amanzi, nayo ibhekana ngokuphumelelayo nezivakashi ezingamenywanga.
4. Ukungcoliswa ngothuli noma ngokhonkolo kasimende kuvikela iziqongo futhi kukwenze kungakulungeli ukondla ibhungane lamazambane leColorado.
5. I-infusions of wormwood, celandine, elecampane, bark acacia omhlophe iyingozi ezinambuzaneni. Ukulungiselela, kuyadingeka ukugcwalisa izitshalo ngamanzi abilayo ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 1, sigcizelela amahora angama-24, emva kwalokho 1 litre yokufakwa kufanele ihlanjululwe ngamalitha angama-20 wamanzi okushisa wegumbi bese kusetshenzwa izithombo.
6. Ugwayi kagwayi uzoxosha izinambuzane kude nesayithi ngephunga lazo. Ukuze ulungiselele, udinga ukusika amaqabunga kagwayi kahle ngangokunokwenzeka. Kokubili ugwayi wezezimboni nokuzimela kufanelekile. Into esemqoka ngamaqabunga omile okugaya okulula nokufafaza endaweni.

Kunoma iyiphi ingxube yokwengeza umphumela, ungangezela ucezu oluncane lwensipho yokuwasha. Ngokuchithwa okulula, kungaphakwa kuqala ku-grater enhle.

Amakhemikhali

Indlela elula yokuqeda unomphela ibhungane lamazambane leColorado yindlela yamakhemikhali. Umkhakha usuqhubekele phambili, amathuluzi amaningi asethuthukisiwe azosiza ukuvikela isivuno, ngenkathi kungalimazi imvelo nempilo yabantu, ngenkathi kubhekwe ngokuqinile imiyalo esetshenzisiwe.

Noma yiliphi ithuluzi kufanele lisetshenziswe ngokuqinile ngokwemiyalo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, noma ngabe umuthi awusebenzi, noma amazambane uqobo uzomunca ubuthi obedlulele, emva kwalokho bube bungafanele ukudla. Lapho ulwa ibhungane lamazambane leColorado, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuphepha. Ngokucubungula amazambane, kufanele ukhethe usuku olomile noluzolile.

Kungcono ukukhetha isikhathi lapho kungalindelekile ukuthi lina lina ukuze ubuthi bungasigezi iziqu ngokushesha ngemuva kokufafaza. Isikhathi esihle kakhulu kusekuseni kakhulu noma kusihlwa, lapho kungekho ukushisa okukhulu ukugwema ukuhwamuka kwemali. Futhi, ngemuva kokucubungula cishe usuku, ukuthambisa akunconywa. Amazambane adinga ukufafazwa ngezingubo ezikhethekile namagilavu ​​ukuvikela isikhumba. Amehlo kufanele avikelwe ngezibuko bese kuthi isivunguvungu sigqoke ebusweni. Ngesikhathi sokulashwa, akunasidingo uma kufanele udle, ubheme noma ukhulume ukuze umkhiqizo ungangeni emlonyeni wakho. Uma kwenzeka uthintana nesikhumba, gazinga ngokushesha ngamanzi amaningi agobhozayo. Uma ubuthi bungene kulwelwesi lwe-mucous ekhaleni, lomlomo noma lamehlo, khona-ke okokuqala kubalulekile ukuwageza ngamanzi amaningi, bese uthintana nodokotela.

Izidakamizwa ezivame kakhulu okuhloswe ngazo ukulwa nobhungane wamazambane waseColorado: i-Aktara, i-Aivengo, i-Alatar, i-Bitoksibatsillin, i-Batsikol, i-Dendrobatsillin, i-Komandor. UMonsoon, Taboo, Corado, Killer.

Izindlela zanamuhla zokubhujiswa

Kakade kunezinhlobonhlobo zamazambane ezingakhangi ezinambuzaneni. Izinhlobonhlobo "Kamensky" no- "Nikulinsky" empeleni abanaleli gciwane, baneziqu ezilukhuni neziqongo ezingafanele ukudliwa yizibungu, noma kunjalo, ngokuya kokunambitheka, balahlekelwa ngokuqinile ezinhlotsheni ezingazinzile.

Abafuyi kanye nososayensi bazama ukukhipha imikhiqizo eguqulwe ngofuzo engeke ibe yinto enakwa yizinto eziphilayo, kepha kunolwazi oluncane kakhulu mayelana nomphumela wezakhi zofuzo emzimbeni womuntu. Isimo sengqondo kuma-GMO emphakathini ikakhulukazi esingesihle ngenxa yokushoda kwemininingwane eqinisekisiwe nethembekile ngemiphumela yokudla okunye ukuthuthukiswa kososayensi.

Kungenxa yalezi zizathu ukuthi impi yokuvunwa kwezilimo ezisondelene iyaqhubeka njalo isizini. Ukususa unomphela izinambuzane kumazambane, ukusetshenziswa kwendlela eyodwa kuphela akwanele. Indlela ehlanganisiwe iyadingeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, hhayi unyaka owodwa. Mhlawumbe ngolunye usuku kuzoba nendlela entsha, yendawo yonke yokususa izinambuzane, kepha kuze kube manje abalimi bangaphupha ngayo nje, futhi balwe nembongi yamazambane yaseColorado ngazo zonke izindlela.