I-Adonis noma i-Campion: ukutshala, ukunakekela, izinhlobo

I-Campion noma i-adonis isitshalo esivela emndenini we-ranunculaceae. Kunezinguqulo eziningana eziphathelene nemvelaphi yegama. Ngokusho komunye wabo, le mbali (le nganekwane yamaGreek) izinyembezi zikankulunkulukazi u-Aphrodite, zililela u-Adonis ofayo.

Incazelo nezici ze-adonis

ICampion ikhula emaqeleni aseYurophu ngesembozo esikhulu sotshani, kwesinye isikhathi esitholakala eJalimane, eSwitzerland (kuyaqabukela, icishe inyamalala). Ukhetha umhlaba omnyama, izindawo ezivulekile, izindawo eziphakeme ezincane. Ingakhula kwezinye izindawo emadwaleni (eCrimea), kwesinye isikhathi emaphethelweni noma ezintabeni zama-birch groves noma amahlathi ama-oki. Kutholakala eNtshonalanga yeSiberia, e-Altai, eCaucasus, lapho isikhathi sezimbali siyoba khona kuphela kuze kube yingxenye kaJuni.

Izimbongi ziqhathanisa lesi sitshalo nelanga nentwasahlobo. E-botany, incazelo ngeke ibe mihle kangako. Isimbali saso sodwa selamula (4-8 cm) sitholakala phezulu kwesiqu. Ehlobo, izithelo zesakhiwo esiyindilinga (20 mm) zivuthwa amantongomane (30- 40 ama-pcs) ngekhala elibunjiwe. Amaqabunga ansundu. Ezingaphansi zifana nesikali, ezinye izinto eziyizigaxa, ezihlukaniswe izigaba ezincanyana. I-Direct shot (15-30 cm) ibushelelezi, iyindilinga ngesimo. Izimpande mpo zincanyana ngezinqubo, zinombala onsundu ngombala.

Isitshalo nezingxenye zalo kubhekwa njengobuthi. Incwadi Ebomvu eRussia ifaka i-Spring Adonis yokuvikelwa kwayo.

Ikhule ngokusebenza kahle ukuze isetshenziswe ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali noma ukulungiselela imithi. Ngokuzihlanganisa kwabo ngokwemvelo, bakwenza lokhu ngokucophelela nangokukhetha (iziqu ezi-3 nge-m2 ngayinye akufanele zithintwe).

Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-adonis

I-Campion iyahlukahluka ezinhlotsheni: zonyaka nezingapheli.

Ababhali

Isikhathi sezitshalo zesitshalo esinjalo sithatha isizini eyodwa.

Ihlobo (a festivalis)

Amanye amagama ayaziwa: amalahle emlilweni noma iso lesiphephelo. Iziqu zawo ezibushelelezi (10-50 cm) ezinezimbali ezihlukile: zinamagatsha, ziqonde noma zilula. Amaqabunga, aqukethe ama-lobes amabili noma amathathu, yilezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo: i -essessess phezulu, i-petiolate phansi. Ubukhulu bentyatyambo bungamasentimitha angama-2-3. I-red perianth enendawo emnyama emaphakathi. Isikhathi sezimbali sonke ihlobo.

I-Autumn (i-annua)

Kwesinye isikhathi kubizwa nge-adonis ngonyaka. Ikhula ibe ngu-30 cm. Amaqabunga athambile, asikwa ngokuhlelwa okulandelayo. Izimbali zingombala ophuzi noma obomvu ocebile (1.5 cm), zivaliwe ngenhla. Ingxenye yabo emaphakathi imnyama. Ikhule ngokuyisisekelo kusukela ngo-1596

Ezikhula iminyaka eminingi

Iminyaka eminingana, zikhula endaweni eyodwa futhi azishintshi izakhiwo zazo. Zinezikhathi zokukhula nokuphumula.

I-Volzhsky (volgensis)

I-inflorescence ilamula, kanti namathuna amsomi. Kukhona amahlumela ambalwa avela ezimpandeni obukhulu. Ukuphakama kube ngamasentimitha angama-30. Ngaphambi kokuba i-inflorescence yokuqala ivele emaqabungeni neziqu, kukhona ukuvama kokuphindaphindeka bese kuba yimbala. Iqabunga elihlukanisile liqhekeka phansi.

I-Amur (amurensis)

Ukhula eMpumalanga Ekude. Eyokuqala ukuvela izimbali ezinkulu ziphuzi-zegolide (5 cm). Ngemuva kwalokho i-cirrus ishiya ne-petioles. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ukukhula kwezitshalo kungama-12 cm, kamuva kube ngama-35. Kungokukahlobo kwezinhlobo zasehlathini, izimbali zihlala cishe izinsuku ezingama-20. Ngokwesisekelo sayo, izinhlobo eziningi ezinama-shades ahlukahlukene ziyafuywa.

I-Siberian (sibirica)

Imbali egolide (6 cm) ekhethiwe. Ikhula ibe ngu-60 cm, amaqabunga ahlukaniswe ngokwebala. Iqhakaza ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma kuJuni.

I-Fluffy (villosa)

Kokukhula, ukhetha imiphetho yama-birch groves noma ngefulethi elisicaba. Unobuchopho obukhulu obungu-15 cm). Ekuqaleni, kuvela izimbali zikalamula, khona-ke amaqabunga aqala ukukhula ngoxantathu noma nge-oval. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-pubescence iyancipha, futhi ukuphakama kufinyelela ku-30 ​​cm.

UGolide (chrysocyathus)

Isimbali esivelakancane kakhulu esifakiwe kwiNcwadi ebomvu yomhlaba wonke Unempilo, uthathwa kakhulu ekwakhiweni.

I-Turkestan (turkestanicus)

Esihlahleni esisodwa, ama-ovary, ama-buds nezimbali zikhona ngasikhathi sinye (4-6 cm). Umbala wamacembe we-inflorescence izithunzi ezimbili: ingxenye engaphandle iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-orange-yellow yangaphakathi. Izingxenye ezisemoyeni zesitshalo sokupholisa zimbozwe izinwele ezigobile.

IsiMongolia (mongolica)

Imvamisa kukhula emadlelo angasetshenziswanga. Isihlahla siqukethe amahlumela angama-30. Imbali emhlophe (5 cm) ivula kuqala. Ukwahlukaniswa kuyisaladi nge-lilac hue. Kushiya okuphakathi okuyi -essess ephakathi, ephansi kuncishisiwe.

Intwasahlobo (vernalis)

Ukuzalanisa okwenziwe ngokungemthetho kwalesi zinhlobo kwaqala ngekhulu le-16 ngezinjongo zokuhlobisa nokwelapha. Isifutho esincane esinsundu sinikeza amahlumela amaningi ansundu. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ukuphakama kungama-5-20 cm, ngemuva kuka-40-60. Amahlamvu anjengamunwe, asikiwe emabeleni amancanyana. Izimbali eziphuzi (7 cm) ziqukethe amacembe acwebezelayo ayi-12-20 avela eminyakeni engu-6- 6 yokuphila ngo-Ephreli.

Ukukhula kwe-Adonis kusuka kwiMbewu

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kuhluke ngandlela thile ezikunyakeni nonyaka. Izingane ezinonyaka owodwa zitshalwa ekwindla (ngoNovemba) engadini kuze kufike ekujuleni kuka-1-2 cm. Ukuhluma kungaqhubeka isikhashana, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa eseqoqiwe kamuva nje. Imbewu yezitolo ihlwanyelwa entwasahlobo ku-greenhouse.

Ama-perennials atshalwa ekwindla ezitsheni, abese abekwa endaweni epholile. Ebusika, phambi kweqhwa bafakwa efrijini leqhwa.

Imbewu enhle kakhulu ingatholakala ezitshalweni ezineminyaka yobudala engama-6-7.

Kungcono ukulungiselela umhlabathi wokuhlwanyela ngokuxuba isihlabathi, umhlabathi we-turf kanye nomanyolo ngokwesilinganiso 2: 1: 1. Amahlumela okuqala ajwayele ukuvela ngemuva kokufudumala komoya abe ngu-+20 ° C. Kodwa-ke, kunezimbewu ezingathatha unyaka ukuhluma.

Abadubuli badinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kepha kufanele kusetshenziswe futhi kufanele kuvikelwe emisebeni eqondile. Ukunisela nokusikhulula ngobumnene kwenziwa nsuku zonke. Izithombo zinwetshwe, zishiya ibanga elingama-15-20 cm.

Uma kunesikhathi esincane ngaphambi kokufakelwa, kungcono ukungakwenzi lokhu.

Ukudlulisa izithombo ze-Adonis emhlabathini ovulekile

Ukushiya nokutshala isitshalo emhlabathini ovulekile kuyinqubo elula. Imvamisa amahlumela aqinile futhi asevele etshaliwe. Kuya ngokuthi imbewu yavela nini, nquma isikhathi sokufakelwa. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi imbali yokwenza ubusika obuphumelele, udinga ukuthatha izimpande kahle, futhi kuthatha izinyanga ezi-4.

Indawo enhle engadini ye-Adonis izoba lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kuningi khona, bese kuthi ngemuva kwasemini kube nesithunzi. Ukuze kube nokuqhakaza okuningana, inhlabathi kufanele ibe nomanyolo omningi kanye nama-limes, i-acidity ye-7.0-7.5 pH. Ibanga eliphakathi kwezithombo lingamasentimitha angama-25-30. Umgodi olungiselelwe kufanele ube ukujula okweneleko wempande ukuze ungagobi. Ngemuva kokutshala, faka amanzi nekhava. Ngonyaka wokuqala ngemuva, imvamisa ayiqhakaza ngenxa yokuthuthuka kwayo kancane.

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Adonis engadini

I-Adonis isitshalo esingathobeki, ngakho-ke akufuneki ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Izinqubo ezilandelayo kufanele zenziwe:

• ukuthambisa ejwayelekile, akuvumeli ukomisa ukuphuma nokuqina komswakama;
• ukukhulula ngezikhathi ezithile ukuqinisekisa ukufinyeleleka komoya namanzi ezimpandeni;
• ukufaka umquba njalo (okuyinkimbinkimbi, umquba) ngaphambi kokuqhakaza kanye nasekupheleni kwehlobo;
• ukuqhakaza kwama-inflorescence ngesikhathi seminyaka yokuqala eyi-2 akuphuli, ukuze kungalimali ukuqunjelwa kokuvuselelwa;
• indawo yokuhlala ebusika.

I-Adonis noma i-Campion ngemuva kokuqhakaza

I-Campion iqhakazile, izithelo zavela, ungaqala ukuqoqa imbewu. Kulokhu, athathwa angakavuthwa futhi atshalwe ngokushesha, ngoba awagcinwanga. Amahlumela amasha kufanele embozwe ngamagatsha we-peat kanye ne-spruce ukuze kuvikelwe ebusika. Izimbali zabantu abadala (iminyaka emi-2) azikudingi lokhu, ngoba zivimbela imbandela.

Ukusakazeka kwe-Adonis

Isitshalo sisatshalaliswa ngezindlela ezimbili: izithombo kanye nokuhlukanisa isihlahla. Esimweni sokuqala, sikhula kusuka ezinhlanyelweni. Elesibili lingasetshenziswa kulawo mabhuthi, aneminyaka engu-5 noma ngaphezulu. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ekwindla yokuqala. Khipha ngokucophelela isihlahla usikhiphe sibe yizingxenye eziningana ukuze ngamunye abe nezimpande futhi okungenani ama-2 efihlekile. Izingxenye kufanele zishiywe zinkulu ukulungiselela inqubo yokubambela imbala. Indawo esikiwe iyabulala amagciwane bese itshalwa ngokushesha.

Ukuzinakekela kuyefana nangezithombo ezincane. Uma izimbali zivela esihlahleni esinjalo, khona-ke kufanele zisuswe ngokucophelela. Isitshalo kufanele simile kahle endaweni entsha ngaphambi kokuqala kokubanda.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Ngenxa yobuthi bayo, u-Adonis akesabi ngamagundane nezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene. Kungavulelwa ikakhulukazi izifo ezimbili:

• Ukujikeleza. Kubonakala ngokunisela okukhulu noma lapho kungekho ukugeleza kwamanzi. Ingxenye yesifo enesifo isuswa ngethuluzi elibukhali, futhi iphuzu lokusika lihlanganiswa nempova ngesibabule noma ngomlotha.
• I-Fusarium I-Wilting, ukuguqulwa okubangelwa isikhunta. Kuyadingeka ukwenza ukubulala magciwane ngesidakamizwa esikhethekile iBenomil.

UMnu Dachnik uyancomela: izakhiwo zokupholisa kwentwasahlobo adonis

Kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-adonis izakhiwo zokwelapha ezaziwayo, ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo. Ine-glycosides yenhliziyo, uvithamini C, usawoti we-Mg, K, Ca, Mg, Fe kanye nama-tannins. Banquma ukusetshenziswa kwesitshalo kubantu kanye nemithi esemthethweni:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwesekhula, ukuphazamiseka kohlelo lwezinzwa, isithuthwane, umfutho wegazi ophezulu, njll. Kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi wejwayelekile, ukufupheka komoya kanye nokuvuvukala kwemilenze kuyehla.
• Isifo sezinso. Njengoba i-diuretic ye-urolithiasis.
• Ukukhwehlela, ukuphefumula okungamahlalakhona. Kunomphumela ocindezelayo esikhungweni sokukhwehlela.
• Ubuhlungu obuhlanganayo, i-rheumatism.
• IGlaucoma, isifo sokusha kwesibindi.

Ama-decoction, ama-infusions, ama-tee kanye ne-tinctures yotshwala alungiswa kuwo. Kunconywe kahle ukusetshenziswa okuhlangene kwe-adonis nezinye izitshalo zokwelapha. Ukulungiswa kwezokwelapha kulungiselelwe izifo zezinso, umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwe-hepatitis. Kwezokwelapha, i-Adonis iyingxenye yezinye izinhlobo zamathebhulethi (i-Adonis bromine) namazambane (Ankylosing spondylitis), imithi yasekhaya.