IGaultheria (lat.Gaultheria) iyi-shrub encane yasekuqaleni eqanjwe ngemuva kwesazi sezitshalo saseFrance uJean-Francois Gautier. Umgcini wegadi noma othanda izitshalo ezinhle ngeke aphuthelwe ithuba lokuyithenga eqoqweni lakhe eliluhlaza.
Incazelo yeGauleria
IGaulteria isitshalo esihlala sihlala njalo somndeni wakwaHeather. Shrub ngeziqu ezikhulayo ezibomvu ezikhulayo ezibucayi zifinyelela ekuphakameni okungamasentimitha angama-25. Okusaqanda okusaqanda okushiya okuvela ku-1 cm kube luhlaza okugqamile ngemithambo ecacile.
Izimbali nezithelo zeGauleria
NgoJuni, lapho lesi sitshalo siqhakaza, iziqu zezimbali ezimhlophe zifana nomnduze wesigodi uvela esihlahleni. Amajikijolo abomvu, obomvu, amhlophe noma amnyama aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka avuthwa eduze kokuwa futhi ngokuvamile asinda ebusika. Isihlahla esingamakhaza esibandayo kwesinye isikhathi sihlala singafundwa yizilwane kanye nezinyoni, ngoba izithelo zaso zingabekezeleleki futhi azimnandi ekunambithekeni.
Izinhlobo zeGauleria
Uhlobo lunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-180 zezihlahlana. Ikhula ezindaweni eziphakeme zezifunda ezisenyakatho Melika, i-Asia ne-Australia, kutholakala kalula ezingadini zaseRussia maphakathi. Cabanga ngezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu zalesi sitshalo.
| Buka | Incazelo / Amaqabunga, usayizi (mm) / Izithelo | Ububanzi Bezimbali (mm) | Ukuphakama (cm) |
| Izinwele noma izinwele | EYurophu, ukutshalwa kusukela ngo-1897. Oluhlaza okotshani obuluhlaza ngezinwele emaphethelweni, 50-100. Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma onsomi. | Ipinki, 40. | 10 |
| Iqabunga le-Ovoid | Iqhamuke ogwini olusentshonalanga ne-USA ngonyaka we-1890. Greens, 35. Ubomvu ogqamile. | Okumhlophe nge-perianth ebomvu, i-5. | 30 |
| Prostrate | Kwenziwe kusukela ngo-1830, kusuka eNyakatho Melika. Ukujikeleza noma okusaqanda, imiphetho emaphakathi, 20. Scarlet kuze kufike ku-7 mm. | I-axillary eyodwa kuze kufike ku-50. | 10 |
| Glandular | Kutholakala okokuqala eziqhingini zaseJapan. Okusaqanda ngomphetho we-serated, ubude 30, ububanzi 20. Bomvu ezindaweni ezincane ze-glandular. | Okukodwa noma okuqoqwe ku-2-3, kumhlophe ngaphandle futhi kupinki ngaphakathi, 8. | 30 |
| UMikel | Ikhula eJapan naseSakhalin. Izimpande ezinwabuzelayo namagatsha aqondile amelana nokushisa okuphansi kwangaphandle. Luhlaza omnyama 25. Okumhlophe. | Imhlophe, eyi-10, iqoqwe ngebhulashi. | 25 |
| Challon | Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu ezilethwe eMelika bezilinywa kusukela ngo-1826. Okusaqanda okuphuzi okuluhlaza, ubude obungu-120. Mnyama. | Okumhlophe-opinki, kuze kufike ku-10. | 50 |
| Ukulala phansi | Kuqala ukutholakala empumalanga yeNyakatho Melika. Isihlahla esimboze inhlabathi ububanzi esingamasentimitha angama-40 sakhiwa ngeziqu ezinwabuzelayo zobude obuphakathi. Ukhule kusukela ngo-1762 Luhlaza omnyama, oyindilinga, obushelelezi, 40. Ubomvu ogqamile, 10. | Imhlophe eyodwa. | 15 |
Khula gaulteria ekhaya
Ukuze i-shrub enhle futhi engathetheleli ihlangene ijabulise iso ekhaya, kufanele wazi imithetho embalwa ekhulayo. Uma kubalulekile ukuthola uhlobo oluthile lwesitshalo, kungcono ukwenqaba ekuhlwanyeleni imbewu, ngoba enye shrub efanayo ingakhula. Kuzoba kuhle ukuthenga izinto ezisikiwe ezenziwe noma amagatsha anezimpande.
Okokufaka noma ukugibela udinga:
- inhlabathi esezingeni eliphakeme efanelekayo izitshalo zasendlini ezinomanyolo othambile;
- imbiza enezimbobo zokudonsa amanzi enobubanzi obukhulu kancane kunohlelo lwezimpande;
- umgodi enhlabathini yesimbali esisha esigcwaliselwe ku-5 cm ukusuka phezulu;
- ukuthambisa ngokuphelele;
- transplantation njalo eminyakeni emi-2 njengoba uhlelo lwempande lukhula.
Ukunakekelwa kwansuku zonke uzodinga:
- ukuchelela izitshalo ngaphansi kwempande esimweni sendawo eyomile yomhlaba ka-5 cm;
- indawo ekhanyayo enelanga.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu:
- inhloso - zezitshalo zokuhlobisa amahlamvu, ngesimo esingakhekile sama-granular noma uketshezi ngokukhululwa kancane;
- imvamisa - akukho ngaphezulu kwesikhathi esingu-1 ngenyanga.
Ukuvunwa:
- njalo ngamahlamvu nezimbali ukuvimba ukukhula kohlelo lwezimpande;
- ngezikhathi zamagatsha ukuze kunikezwe isihlahla ukubukeka okuhle, okulungiselelwe kahle.
Ukutshala kwangaphandle kwe-gaulteria
IPenumbra ibalulekile nge gaulteria ukuze ingoma elangeni futhi ifele emthunzini. Inhlabathi enama-asidi amaningi futhi athukululwe kahle inomphumela omuhle ekukhuleni kwe-shrub. Ukwengeza i-acidity yenhlabathi, udinga ukufaka i-peat nesihlabathi kuyo. Kutshalwe izimbobo 30-30 cm ukuphakama, ukulala ungqimba lwamanzi kusuka amatshe amatshe amboleko nezinaliti ezinenkani. Intamo yezimpande iye ijule ngo-1 cm noma ishiywe ezingeni lomhlaba.
Ukutshala lesi sitshalo emhlabathini ovulekile kuwumsebenzi olula, kepha noma kunjalo, umlimi kufanele acabangele ukuthi kungcono ukutshala izihlahla ngamaqembu ezitshalo eziningana endaweni eyi-20-25 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Amanzi kuyaqabukela futhi ngobuningi, fafaza amahlamvu kusihlwa.
Ukusakazeka kwe-gaulteria
Indlela yokusabalalisa imbewu ayifiseleki kakhulu kulesi sihlahla, ngoba ayikwazi ukuphinda ngokunembile izici zezinhlobonhlobo. Indlela ye-vegetative ithathwa njengeyona ndlela esheshayo nokushesha yokusabalalisa i-gaulteria. Igatsha elilodwa noma amaningana esihlahleni agobile futhi afafazwe ngenhlabathi, eniselwa ngokucophelela. Ngokwindla, amahlumela azoba nezimpande bese atshalwa kabusha.
Ukusika kungenye indlela yokusabalalisa i-gaulteria. Ngemuva kokunquma ukusika okungaphezulu okungenhla, batshalwe emiphongolweni yesihlabathi, baniselwa kakhulu futhi babekwe ukukhanya kwelanga. Lapho ukusika kukhula futhi kuthathe izimpande ezinempilo, ziphinda zakhiwe kabusha emhlabathini ovulekile.
Izifo Nezinambuzane
Izihlahla zomhlobiso nezihlahlana, kufaka phakathi i-gaulteria, zidinga i-acidity ephezulu yenhlabathi, khona-ke azesabi noma yiziphi izifo. Umswakama omningi kanye nomhlabathi we-alkaline uyizitha zokuqala zezihlahlana. Izifo ezinjengesikhunta esimnyama kanye ne-Powdery isikhutha zivela ngokunisela okuvamisile kanye nokungahambi kahle kwenhlabathi. Kuthintwe imikhaza namagciwane, amashidi kufanele anqunywe ngokushesha bese eshiswa ukugwema ukutheleleka kuso sonke isihlahla.
Kuyadingeka futhi ukwelapha izitshalo ngezikhathi ezithile ngemithi ye-antifungal.
Umhlali wasehlobo uyancomela: izakhiwo eziwusizo ze-gaulteria
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wesihlahla uthathwa njengokuhlobisa, ngoba izithelo zawo ezigqamile ngokungafani namahlamvu aluhlaza acebile ahlobisa indlu noma ingadi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqabunga kanye nesiqu se-gaulteria eqamba amanga asetshenziselwa ukulungiswa kwe-infusions yokwelapha, uwoyela kanye ne-powders.
Amafutha avela amahlumela amasha namahlamvu esihlahla sithelo anomphumela we-analgesic ne-anti-inflammatory. Faka isicelo ngaphandle, uyihlikihla esikhunjeni sendawo ethintekile. Kungabucedza ubuhlungu be-rheumatic, neuralgia kanye nezifo ezihlangene. Lapho welula izicubu, ukufudumeza amafutha ngamafutha anjalo kunciphisa izinhlungu. Umphumela opholisa wokukhishwa okuvela ezingxenyeni eziluhlaza zehlahla lika gaulteria usetshenziswa ekwelapheni ukulimala kwesikhumba. 
Challon
Ku-aromatherapy, i-gaulteria i-oyili ebalulekile isetshenziswa njengesixazululo esiqinisa futhi sokulwa nokukhathala. Iphunga elimnandi livusa imood bese ligcwalisa igumbi ngokusha.
Itiye elilwa namakhaza lilungiswa kusuka kumakhasi esihlahlana sokuqeda umphimbo nobuhlungu bekhanda.
Amaqabunga abhekwa njengokudla: ukususa ngokushesha izimpawu zokukhathala, ungazhlafuna zingavuthiwe.
Ama-berry nembewu yesitshalo aqukethe ubuthi futhi awanalo usizo ngomuthi, ngakho-ke awazibandakanyi ekwenziweni kwemithi.
I-Methyl salicylate iyisakhi esiyisakhi esiyinhloko esisebenzayo sokwelapha sokuphinda siqambe amanga. Kukhona izinto ezinjengama-tannins, i-formaldehyde, i-antiseptic arbutin kanye ne-organic acid ekhishwe emaqabunga kanye amahlumela esihlahleni. Bonke labo ku-tata bazuza umzimba, ngokuba ne-analgesic, diuretic, antirheumatic effect.
Ukuxhumana kokusetshenziswa kokukhishwa kwe-gaulteria, njengezidakamizwa eziningi, kuyizingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6 ubudala, ukukhulelwa nokungabekezelelani ngakunye. Akunconywa ukuyithatha kanye nama-ejenti aqukethe i-aspirin. Udokotela kuphela ongakunikeza umthamo nezindlela zokusebenzisa umuthi onjalo.
