I-Cherry Orchard

I-sweet cherry "Revna"

Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-cherries elimnandi lifana kakhulu nomzali walo - i-sweet cherry "i-Pink Bryansk", kodwa kusekhona ukungezwani okuningi.

Futhi uma unquma ukutshala i-cherry elihle esakhiweni sakho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi yonke imininingwane mayelana nezithelo, umuthi, amahlumela, izinzuzo kanye nokungafani kwezimo ezihlukahlukene.

Ngakho-ke, cabangela ngokuningiliziwe ukuhlukahluka "Revna" futhi ufunde ngezici zokutshala izithombo nezitshalo.

"Revna". Izimfihlo zothando uthando balimi kulezi ezihlukahlukene

Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, i-Revna cherry cherry iyisihlobo esiqondile sezinto ezihlukahlukene njengeBryansk Pink. Kwakungenxa yezithombo zakhe ukuthi izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze "Revna" zatholakala, okwakuthandwa abaningi namuhla. Kusukela ngo-1994, kwafakwa ohlwini lwezinhlobonhlobo zezihlahla zezithelo eRussia, ngokusho ukuthi yiziphi izigaba ezihlukahlukene ezifinyelela esifundeni sonke saseKhaya. Nokho, empeleni, izinga lokukhula kwezinhlobonhlobo lukhulu kakhulu. Ukuze ngikutshele ukuthi kungani.

Incazelo yezimpawu zama-cherry amajikijolo "Revna"

Izithelo ezihlukahlukene ebonakala ngobukhulu obuphakathi. Isisindo sabo esilinganisweni singamakhilogremu angu-4.7, futhi inani laso eliphakeme liyi-7.7. Ukuma amajikijolo kunesisindo esikhulu, ubude bawo buyizingalo eziyi-19, ububanzi bawo buba ngu-20, kanti ubukhulu bayo bungu-19. Banobubanzi obuningi futhi phezulu, okuphethe idayi elimhlophe phansi.

Isikhumba sinene kakhulu. Umbala we-cherries ubomvu obomvu, okwenza ube mnyama kakhulu phakathi nesikhathi sokukhishwa nokukhishwa komthengi. Ngakho, izithelo zibukeka kahle kakhulu.

Pulp futhi unombala obomvu obomvu, isakhiwo sinomsoco futhi sinamanzi. Ijusi libomvu elimnyama, ligcwele. Ukunambitheka okumnandi kakhulu, ngokubheka ama-tasters, bathole cishe amaphuzu aphakeme kakhulu - 4.9 kwabangu-5. Ngokuba u-12.6% ushukela, oqukethe amagremu angu-100 amajikijolo, kuphela u-0.3% we-acids wehla. Okuqukethwe kwevithamini C enani elifanayo lamajikijolo kungu-13.3 mg.

Itshe linomkhiqizo we-cherry ophakathi nendawo, cishe u-5.2% wesisindo esiphezulu se-berry. Isisindo samathambo ngokwesilinganiso yi-0.29 amagremu. Kuyinto enombala obomvu obala futhi oval in shape nge phezulu ohlangene kanye nesisekelo nxazonke nxazonke. Ikhwalithi enhle yilapho ithambo lihlukaniswe ngokuphelele ne-pulp.

I-sweet cherry stem inebude nobude obuphakathi. Iphuma isithelo kalula, ngaphandle kokukhipha uginindela.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezithelo kungaba yinto yonke. Kuhle kakhulu ukuthi usebenzise ifomu elisha elisha, ngoba kuleli fomu banalo ukunambitheka okukhulu kakhulu nokuqukethwe kwezinto eziwusizo. Kodwa-ke, ama-jams kanye nokulondolozwa nawo aphezulu kakhulu, awadingi ukwengezwa kwesamba esikhulu soshukela.

Izici ezihlukile zomuthi

Isihlahla, kanye neye-cherry ye-Bryansk Pink, isayizi yobukhulu. Ikhula ngokushesha kakhulu. Ukuma komqhele womuthi kuyi-pyramidal ngehlelo elihle lamagatsha maqondana nesiqu: bakha i-angle enkulu. Ukwenyuka komqhele kuvamile. Cishe zonke izithelo zakhiwe emagatsheni omuthi wesihlahla, futhi kuphela 20% ngenxa yezimpande zonyaka owodwa.

Umuthi uqala ukuthela izithelo uma uneminyaka engama-5 (okungukuthi, ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu kusukela ngesikhathi sokutshala isithombo endaweni yokuhlala enomphela). Ngenkathi yezimbali zifika phakathi kukaMeyi, izithelo ziqala ukuvuthwa ngasekupheleni kukaJuni, ekuqaleni kukaJulayi. Ukuvunaokuyinto ngokwesilinganiso eqoqwe kusuka ehektheleni elilodwa le-Cherry Orchard "Revny", elilingana nabalinganiselwa ku-73. Isivuno esiphezulu sabantu abangu-112 abaphakathi kwehektha ngalinye.

Ama Cherries "Revna"

Ihlasela kakhulu ngqo, ubukhulu obuphakathi. Umbala wabo unombala omncane. Amahlumela amakhulu akhiwa emahlumela. Esikhathini sokutshala, ama-buds asuke e-ovoid, futhi ku-generative, ovoid. Amaqabunga akhiwa kakhulu kakhulu futhi avulekile. Ukuma kwe-Leaf - i-ovoid, edwetshwe ekukhanyeni okuluhlaza okomnyama. I-Inflorescences iqukethe izimbali ezingu-4, hhayi ezintathu, njengoba kunjalo nangemithi eminingi ye-cherry.

Izimbali ziyizilinganiso eziphakathi, okwenziwe nge-saucer. Amapetali embali afakwa ngokwahlukana, ngaphandle kokuthinta. Umbala wezimpaphe umhlophe. Indebe inesimo sengilazi ngaphandle kwe-serration. I-stamens ne-pistils yezimbali zide kakhulu.

Izimfanelo ezinhle ze-Revna cherry cherry ezihlukahlukene

Izithelo zebanga zinemfanelo ephakeme kakhulu kokubili ngendlela nokubukeka, nasezimweni zokunambitheka. Ngenxa yobuningi be-cherries amnandi, afanele ukuhamba ngezindawo ezide. Izinkuni ziphikisana kakhulu namazinga okushisa aphansi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isithwathwa asibi njengesihlahla, kanti imbali ifihleka phakathi nezinkathi zonyaka.

Eqinisweni, isiqu kanye nesisekelo samagatsha asithintekile ukushiswa kwelanga. Futhi, ukuphakama okukhulu kweqhwa kubonakala. Ngisho nangemva kokuba lesi sihlahla sibheke amaqabunga amaqabunga kakhulu, umuthi wamangala kuphela ngamaphuzu angu-0.4. Izinso ezinzima ama-frosts angathinteka ngangokunokwenzeka nge-17%. Izifo ze-fungal azibekwe kulolu hlu lwe-cherry elimnandi.

Izinsalela zezinhlobonhlobo ze-cherry

Kodwa-ke, lo mlimi uqobo ungacabangi. Nge-self-pollination, isivuno si-5% kuphela. Ukuze uqhubeke uphola umuthi, kunconywa ukutshala ezinye izinhlobo kanye nama cherry ase-Revna. Lezi ezihlukahlukene zivela impova kusuka ku "Ovstuzhenka", "Raditsy", "Venyaminova", "iTyutchevka", "Compact", kanye ne-cherries ye-Iput.

Ukutshala ama cherry esakhiweni sakho - imithetho eyisisekelo

Ukukhetha isikhathi sonyaka sokutshala izithombo

Ukuze i-sweet cherry ithande izimpande, kufanele itshalwe entwasahlobo. Phela, ngisho nomuthi we-cherry wonyaka unamahlumela amade kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, lezi zitshalo zithinteka kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphansi kanti kunamathuba aphezulu ukuthi ngeke bakwazi ukuhlala ebusika. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ebusika wonke amanzi avela emagatsheni amancane ashubile, futhi uhlelo lwempande, olungazange lube nezimpande emva kokutshala ekwindla, alukwazi ukuluhambisa emagatsheni.

Ukutshala izitshalo ze-cherries kwenziwa ngezinsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuba inhlabathi ishawulwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungagcizi ngokufika - uma isitsha sesipiliyoni sikwazi ukuqhakaza kusiza sangaphambilini sokukhula, ngeke sihlale sikwazi ukugxila kulowo omusha.

Iyiphi indawo engcono ukukhetha i-sweet cherry?

Ukukhetha indawo ingenye yemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu ngaphambi kokutshala ama cherry. Phela, lesi sihlahla sidinga kakhulu ukugeleza komoya nokukhanya. I-sweet cherry ayinakubekezelela imifudlana yomoya yasenyakatho ebandayo. Ngakho-ke, pick up the slopes eseningizimu, lapho umoya obandayo ungekho ithuba lokuncipha. Futhi, ukuze kukhule kahle nokuthuthukiswa kwezithelo ze-sweet cherry, kubalulekile ukuthi umuthi uthola ukukhanya okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngakho-ke, ukutshala kufaneleke kakhulu enhlangothini eseningizimu yesayithi, hhayi izakhiwo ezinomthunzi nezinye izihlahla.

Sikhetha inhlabathi efanele yokutshala

Okuhle kunakho konke, i-cherry enhle iyakhula futhi iveza izithelo ezitshalweni ezivundile kanye nenhlabathi eyisihlabathi esisolwandle. Uma uphatha kahle lolu hlobo lomhlabathi - awukwazi ukukhathazeka ngokudla ama cherry phakathi neminyaka emithathu yokuqala emva kokutshala.

Inhlabathi efanayo ayinconywa udaka, ishlabathi nesihlahla samanzi zokutshala ama cherry. Ngempela, naphezu kokuthi lesi sihlahla sithanda umswakama, isikhathi eside sokuphelelwa umoya kanye nokuntuleka komoya kuzomane kubhubhise imbewu. Endabeni yomhlabathi onesihlabathi, ngisho nokuchelela okuvame kakhulu ngeke kusize umuthi.

Uma inhlabathi engosini yakho ingalungile, isimo singalungiswa ngokuzixuba nomunye nomunye. Ugwetshiwe ungezwe enhlabathini enhlabathi, nesihlabathi - kubumba. Awu, ungakhohlwa ngomanyolo oqaphele kakhulu.

Iyiphi imbewu enhle kakhulu

Phakathi kwezithombo ezincane ze "Revna" cherry sweet, kokubili unyaka oneminyaka emibili ubudala ubudala kufanelekile. Noma kunjalo, amaphuzu amabili alandelayo kufanele acatshangelwe:

  • Ukuba khona kwendawo yokugoma i-varietal scion, okuzoqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-cherry enhle ofuna ukuyikhula. I-sapling engenawo indawo yokugoma izokwanda kusukela etsheni futhi cishe izokhula njengehlane, hhayi umuthi we-varietal.
  • Isistimu yezimpande ezithuthukile kahle. Izimpande kumele ziphile futhi zingabe zomile, ngaphandle kwalokho ukusikwa kwesinkwa ngeke nje kuthathe izimpande. Uma usuqaphela izimpande ezomile emsizeni, umane ubeke amahora angu-6-10 emanzini ngaphambi kokutshala ngqo.

Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo ze cherry ezivuthwe ekupheleni kwesikhathi

Izigaba eziyinhloko zokutshala i-cherry

Ukuze ungakhohlwa nganoma yini ebalulekile lapho utshala ama cherry kusayithi lakho, sincoma ukuthi ulandele imihlahlandlela elandelayo:

  • Sigubha imbobo ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukujula kwalo kufanele kube ngamasentimitha angama-60, ububanzi - 70. Sigcina isigxobo phansi komgodi, lapho sizobopha khona imbewu yethu emva kokutshala (kufanele itholakale ngasenyakatho yomuthi futhi ibangeni lamasentimitha angu-10 ukusuka kulo).
  • Ngaphansi komgodi silala phezulu enhlabathini, sihlanganiswe namabhakede amathathu omquba. Siwuthululela ukhiqize ukwenza isilonda, siwuhlanganise futhi uthule omunye ungqimba obunzima kakhulu wenhlabathi engekho emhlabathini.
  • Sitshala isihlahla, siqonde izimpande zawo ngaphezu kwesiqongo. Qinisekisa ukuthi i-collar yezimpande ihamba ngaphezu kwe-5-7 cm.
  • Kancane kancane ulala umgodi ulele kuze kube yingxenye. Sivumelanisa inhlabathi futhi sithule ibhakede elilodwa lamanzi.
  • Kusobala ugcwalise wonke umgodi, futhi futhi ngokucophelela futhi ngokucophelela uhlanganise inhlabathi. Senza i-hillock emhlabeni wonke eduze kwesiqu sika-seedling - iyogcina umswakama osabalalisa.
  • Ukukhulula amanzi ngokukhululekile, besebenzisa amabhakede amaningi amanzi (1-2 kuye ngokuthi umswakama wenhlabathi). Inhlabathi ezungeze isiqu kufanele ifakwe i-humus noma i-peat.
  • Sibopha umsila esigxotsheni, esabe sigijimela emgodini ngisho nalapho kugujwa.
  • Bese uqapha njalo isimo sembewu futhi, uma kunesidingo, uphinde uphuze. Yondla i-cherry elimnandi ngaphandle komquba, owenzelwa phansi emgodini, empeleni akudingekile. Uma inhlabathi ingavuthi kakhulu, ungenza futhi umquba ezifana ne-superphosphate ne-nitrate. Ngalunye uhlangothi lapho ukufika ngokuqondile kungenzi i-urea (i-nitrogen), kungalimaza i-cherry enhle kuphela. Utshala kuphela ngonyaka wesibili emva kokutshala.

Ukunakekela kahle i-sweet cherry "Revna"

Ukunakekelwa njalo kanye nokunakekelwa kwama cherry kuyisisekelo sokuvuna okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukulalelisisa lesi sihlahla, ukondle ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi usivikele ezifweni ezihlukahlukene nezimo zezulu ezimbi. Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izimo kanye nezimpawu ezihlukahlukene ezibalulekile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukumba njalo umhlabathi ozungeze isiqu somuthi we-cherry ukuze umoya owanele ufinyelele ezimpandeni.

I-sweet cherry - ngingawasebenzisa kangaki umuthi?

Ukuphuza i-cherry iyakuthanda nokuvuna kwayo kuzoxhomeka kuzo. Ngakho-ke, ukuchelela njalo okuvamile kufanele kwenziwe okungaphezu kwe-1 isikhathi ngenyanga. Ngokwemvelo, kuyobe ilawulwa kakhulu yisimo sezulu nomhlabathi umswakama. Lapho izimvula ezinzima ngezinye izikhathi kudingeka ngisho nokumba amachibi amaningi okugeleza, okuzobuthelela kuwo amanzi angaphezu kwamanzi. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi selele, ukuchelela ngezinye izikhathi kwanda kuze kube izikhathi ezine ngenyanga.

Ukondla i-cherry

Ukondla ama cherry amnandi, kanye nanoma imuphi omunye umuthi wamatshe, uyenziwa usebenzisa urea, i-phosphorus ne-superphosphateskanye ne-lime (calcium) ne-potassium. Kodwa ukugqoka okuhle kwalesi sihlahla ngokungangabazeki kubolile umquba. Kodwa akufanele ukwedlulele ngamanyolo - ukudla njalo nama-humus akumele kwenzeke okungaphezu kwesisodwa njalo eminyakeni emibili. Kungenzeka ukugqoka kokubili phezulu entwasahlobo, kanti ekwindla, ukuletha umquba ngaphansi kokumba.

Ukudla okunomsoco okuhle kakhulu umquba ophilayo kanye namamineralingoba nazo zidinga umuthi futhi ziyashesha kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi, kakade ngonyaka wesibili ngemva kokutshala, i-cherry enomsoco ihlwanyiswa emadolobheni

i-itroy ne-ammonium sulphate. I-m2 engama-1 isetshenzisiwe engaphezu kuka-25 amagremu alawa mafutha.

Kungcono ukuthululela inhlabathi nge-nitrate ngezigaba eziningana - ngaphambi kokuchichima lapho ugoba inhlabathi, emva kokusila futhi emva kwamasonto amabili. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inani elidingekayo lomanyolo okukhulunywe ngenhla lihlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu.

Ewa, ama-superphosphates nama-potassium aqukethe umanyolo aziswa emhlabathini. Kungenxa yekwindla ukuthi isetshenziselwa ngoba i-solubility yabo yinkqubo ende, ngakho-ke iyoqala ukondla izimpande ngesikhathi sokukhula kwekwindla. Ku-1m2, akumele kusetshenziswe amagremu angu-80 we-superphosphate, cishe ama-40 amagremu angu-40% we-potassium usawoti. Umuthi we-Ashi ukhula kahle ekukhuleni kwesihlahla.

Ungasiza kanjani ama cherry asinde amaqhwa ebusika?

Ukulungiselela umuthi ebusika kubaluleke kakhulu ukumba ngokucophelela inhlabathi bese uyayinisela. Ngakho-ke, izimpande hhayi kuphela kulo lonke ubusika ziyoba nomoya okwanele, kodwa futhi inani elidingekile lamanzi ukuze londle amagatsha aphethwe yiqhwa.

Umgqomo kubalulekile ukuthi kuhlanganiswe iqhwa futhi liboshwe

Amagatsha ase-Spruce ukuvikela i-cherry elimnandi kumagundane. Uma wenza izihlahla zamagatsha ekwindla - qiniseka ukuphatha zonke izindawo zokusika nge-copper sulphate. Futhi, umuthi omncane kufanele uboshwe kakhulu esigxotsheni ukuze ungaphenduke emoyeni nangaphansi kwesisindo seqhwa.

Izifo ze-cherry nezidakamizwa - indlela yokulwa?

Izinkinga zokuvikelwa ezifweni ezifayo ze-sweet cherry "Revna" ayiphuthumayo. Ngempela, lesi sihlahla asihambisani nezifo ezinjalo. Kodwa-ke, uma kunezinye izihlahla eziningi engadini futhi unyaka awuzange ulungele ikakhulukazi ukulima, noma yimuphi umuthi ungahlushwa izifo. Kulokhu, ngisho nangesizathu, kufanelekile ukuphatha ama-cherries ngamalungiselelo ewonke jikelele ngenxa yemithi yamatshe. Ukufafaza kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokusila, futhi uma kunesidingo, emva kokuqhakaza kwe-cherry.

Uma ubona izinambuzane emthini, amaqabunga noma izithelo (ama-cherry izimpukane zivame ukutholakala kuma-cherries), ke indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzilawula ukukhetha umuntu ukuze anganamisi isihlahla ngamalungiselelo enobuthi ajwayelekile.

Ukusika izihlahla ze-cherry

Isiqalo sokuqala sezivele zigcinwe emthini owodwa we-cherry futhi zithembele ezinhlotsheni zamagatsha kanye nomgomo ophishekela umlimi wensimu. Uma ufuna ukuthola ukukhula okuqinile kwamahlumela emagatsheni amahle angama-angle kufanele ahliswe ngu-¼ kuphela. Uma ufuna ukuthola i-angle yokuphunyuka ebangeni elingama-50-60 º - udinga ukusika isigamu sehlumela.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, naphezu kwamandla avamile ekukhuleni kwamahlumela, bazokwazi ukuqala ukuhluma ngokushesha. Iningi lehlumela lincishisiwe uma lifuna ukuphumelela ekuphunyeni kusuka ekhoneni elifanele futhi linikeze ukukhula okuqinile.

Esikhathini esizayo, udinga ukuqapha ukukhula komfaniswano wamagatsha kanye nesiqondiso sokukhula kwawo. Uma amanye amagatsha noma amagatsha athola abanye ekukhuleni, kufanele kube mfushane kakhulu futhi njalo ngokuqinile (kodwa hhayi ukusika ngokuphelele). Sisebenza okufanayo emagatsheni nasemahlumela, okuqondisa ukukhula kwawo phakathi komqhele we-cherry.

Wonke amagatsha abuthakathaka futhi abonakalisiwe nawo kumele asuswe, ngoba asazuzi wena noma umuthi. Emva kokudubula, bashiswa kanye namahlamvu awile.