IPetunia isetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa izindlu, amafulethi, amahhovisi nezinye izakhiwo. Ubuye abe ngumhlali ongapheli wemibhede yezimbali nemibhede yezimbali ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwedolobha. Lokhu akumangazi kusukela alungeni, alubangeli ubunzima ekukhuleni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, idonsela ukunaka ngezimbali ezinhle nephunga elimnandi. Kodwa-ke, kwenzeka ukuthi i-petunia iyahamba ngemuva kokufakelwa noma ngisho nokukhula endaweni eyodwa. Izici ezithinta lokhu kungaba yimbangela engenabungozi nezifo ezinkulu. Esimweni sesibili, isidingo esiphuthumayo sokwenza okuthile, ngaphandle kwalokho isitshalo sizofa.
Kungani petunia womile
UPetunia uqala ukuphuma aphuzi futhi ome ngenxa yezizathu eziningana.
Amaphutha we-Florist
Ezimweni eziningi, ukumiswa nokuphuzi kwe-petunia kuhlotshaniswa namaphutha ekunakekelweni:
- inani elanele lokunisela ngesikhathi sezulu esishisayo;
- uketshezi olwedlulele enhlabathini ngezinsuku ezibandayo (izimpande ziqala ukubola, ngenxa yalokhu ingxenye engaphezulu komhlaba iyafa);
- ukuntuleka komoya omusha (esimweni sezulu esifudumele, umoya omncane wegumbi uyadingeka, ehlobo kunconywa ukukhipha imbali)
- ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa;
- ukusetshenziswa kokunisela kwamanzi kanzima;
- ukuntuleka kwensimbi enhlabathini.
Ngenxa yamaphutha wokugcina nokunakekela, amahlamvu aphansi omile ku-petunia:
- ukoma noma umswakama omningi womhlabathi;
- ukuntuleka komanyolo;
- ukuntuleka noma ngokweqile kwelanga (esimweni sesibili, iziqu zizeluleka).
Isifo
UPetunia uzoma ngalezi zifo ezilandelayo:
- ukubola okungwevu;
- chlorosis;
- i-powdery hlobo;
- I-Fusarium
Zonke lezi zilonda ze-fungus tracheomycotic. Indlela yabo yokuthuthukisa ifana: Izifo zithinta imithambo endaweni yezimpande, ngenxa yalokhu, izakhamzimba noketshezi ngeke zingene ezingxenyeni zasemoyeni. Ngenxa yokushoda, amaqabunga ayagobeka aphuzi aphuzi.
Izinambuzane
Imbangela yokushiswa kwezilwane ezifuywayo kungaba ukwehlulwa kwezinambuzane ezilandelayo:
- Isikhala sesicabucabu. Iqala ngokuvama kumswakama ophezulu. Ungayibona ngewebhusayithi yesiliva emaqabungeni kanye namagatsha.
- Ama-aphid. Lezi izinambuzane ezincane ze-grey or green green. Phila ngaphakathi kwamapuleti amaqabunga. Zidla ijusi lembali, zishiya ama-punctures eluhlaza. Olunye uphawu lwenkathazo yizihlahla ezinqenqemeni zamaqabunga.
- AmaNematode. Lezi izibungu ezincane ezonakalisa uhlelo lwezimpande. Ngenxa yalokhu, lo petunia uyabuna futhi ome.
Ezinye izizathu
Ukuwa kwamahlamvu kusuka phansi kwesihlahla kungenzeka ngesizathu esingokwemvelo, uma kungaphezu kwezinyanga ezimbili ubudala. Ngakho-ke, isitshalo sisusa amaqabunga amadala. Njengomthetho, lokhu kugcinwa ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti-Septhemba.
Okufanele ukwenze uma petunia womile futhi ibune, kuya ngembangela
Uma imbangela yokuncipha kwesihlahla kungukunakekelwa okungafanele, kubalulekile ukuyilungisa.
Lapho isihlahla somile ngenxa yezinambuzane noma izifo, kumele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezinqala:
| Isizathu | Kusho | Ukwelashwa |
| Ukubola kwezimpande | amanzi athambile at lokushisa kwasekamelweni (okungcono ancibilike noma imvula); imbiza entsha; impahla yesendlalelo sokudonsa amanzi. | Beka amanzi ngaphansi kwethangi elisha ukuze uketshezi lungagxili. Susa isihlahla ebhodweni elidala, ususe izingxenye ezithintekile. Tshala embizeni entsha yezimbali. |
| Ukubola okumpunga (Fusarium wilting mapema) | amalahle, umlotha noma ushoko; amalungiselelo athengiwe Okuhlanganisiwe noma i-Skor. | Lungisa ukunakekelwa: ukuthambisa ngokulinganiselayo, ukukhanya okuhle, izinga lokushisa ngaphezu kwama-degrees angu-25, umswakama ovela ku-80%. Susa izingxenye ezithintekile. Phatha lezi zindawo ngamalahle, umlotha noma ushoko. Sebenzisa izidakamizwa ezinobuthi (umthamo: Uhlanganisiwe - 25 ml ngelitha elilodwa lamanzi, Ijubane - 2 ml nge-10 amalitha). |
| I-Powdery hlobo | i-sulfate yethusi, i-Fitosporin, i-Fundazole (ene-lesion engenamandla); I-Ordan, Proton, Purebranch (esigabeni esithuthukile salesi sifo); Bordeaux ketshezi. | Chitha izingxenye zesitshalo ezithintekile. Pholisa egumbini. Gcwalisa inhlabathi nge-Bordeaux fluid. Sebenzisa izidakamizwa ngokuya ngezinga lomonakalo (umthamo ukhonjisiwe kwimiyalo esephaketheni). |
| I-chronosis yensimbi noma ukushoda kwensimbi emhlabathini | i-citric acid; sulfate yethusi; amanzi abilisiwe. | Lungisa isixazululo se-citric acid ne-sulfate yethusi (isipuni se-½ nge-0.5 l yamanzi). Ukuthululela izimpande ngemuva kokunisela okuvamile izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngosuku (kuze kube yilapho izimpawu ziphela). |
| Ama-aphid | I-Actara (1 g nge-1 litre lamanzi); I-Decis noma i-Confidor (0.5 ml nge-1 litre); I-Fufanon (1 ml ilitha elilodwa). | Ngenombolo encane yezinambuzane, ziqoqe ngesandla (ngokwesibonelo, nge-vacuum cleaner) bese ubaphatha ngesixazululo esibuthakathaka sale mishanguzo. Uma kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu, sebenzisa amakhemikhali ngokushesha emthanjeni okhonjisiwe. |
| Isikhala sesicabucabu | I-Neoron (1-2 ml nge-1 litre lamanzi); I-Apollo (0.5 ml nge-1 litre). | Phatha isihlahla sonke ngezixazululo, ikakhulukazi ingxenye engezansi yamaqabunga amaqabunga. |
| AmaNematode | I-Daffodil (0.5 ml nge-litre elilodwa lamanzi). | Uma umuthi ungasizi, dlulisela isitshalo ebhodweni elisha elinomhlabathi owenziwe lukhuni. |
Ukuphinda uvulwe imbali enezifo
Uma i-petunia isomile, kepha inengxenye eyodwa ephilayo esele, imbali ingasindiswa:
- Sika zonke izingxenye ezomile.
- Beka ngokuphelele isihlahla emanzini afudumele, ahlanzekile amahora amathathu (ezinye izinkundla zabalimi zincoma ukushiya isitshalo usuku).
- Uma ukusika kuqala ukuvela, kusho ukuthi bakwazile ukuphinda bavuselele i-petunia.
Ngemuva kokutshala izithombo zezimbali ezigciniwe ebhodweni elisha, kubalulekile ukulandela yonke imithetho yokugcinwa nokunakekelwa ukuze ungasavumeli ukoma.
Ungakugwema kanjani ukufa kwezilwane ezifuywayo
Ukuze isitshalo singomi futhi singavivi, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ngezimo ezikhululekile zokuthuthuka ngaso.
UPetunia akakuthandi ukudangala (ikakhulukazi amaconsi amakhulu amanzi awela emaqabungeni nasezimbali), umthunzi kanye nokuyingxenye, umdwebo kanye nomoya onamandla.
Kubalulekile ukunisela imbali kahle:
- lapho isikhule ngaphakathi endlini, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe izikhathi ezingama-2-3 ngesonto;
- lapho utshala emoyeni ovulekile - kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezi-2, ngesimo sezulu esomile nsuku zonke.
Akunakusho ukuthi i-acidization ye-substrate noma ukuzuma komswakama kuvunyelwe. Kulokhu, isihlahla singafa.
Isitshalo asifuni kakhulu kumanyolo.
Okondla, ungasebenzisa enye into ngaphandle komquba.
I-Peunia isitshalo esingenakuzithoba kahle. Akudingi izimo ezikhethekile zokuboshwa futhi akubangeli ubunzima lapho ushiya. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imithetho yokunisela, ukuqinisekisa amazinga okushisa athambile, umswakama nokukhanyisa kuwo. Uma ulandela izincomo ezilula ezethulwe ngenhla, lesi sitshalo ngeke some, sizokujabulisa ngezimbali ezinhle nezishubile izinyanga eziningi.
