I-Hogweed - isitshalo esiza kithi eCaucasus eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-70 eyedlule, siqhubeka ngenkuthalo nokwandisa ububanzi bayo, sithatha amasimu amasha amaningi. Izakhamuzi zasehlobo nezalimi bathi i-hogweed imelela usongo langempela:
- ukutshala izitshalo emasimini nasemasimini ethu;
- kubantu (ikakhulukazi izingane kanye nabantu abadala);
- for flora zendawo kanye nezilwane.
Uyazi? Ngemuva kokubhujiswa kwemvelo, izimila ezingenayo iyingxenye yesibili enkulu yokusongela kwezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni wethu. Njalo ngonyaka, kusetshenziswa amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1,4 ekulweni nezitshalo ezingenayo emhlabeni.Umbuzo walokho i-hogweed yikho, ukuthi iyini inhlekelele, nokuthi uyayilahla kanjani, ngokungazelelwe iba yinto efanele kubantu abaningi besikhathi sethu.
Iyini i-hogweed, nokuthi ufike kanjani kithi
I-Hogweed (igama lesiLatin - i-Herácléum) - elimele uhlobo oluhlukile lomndeni wesambulela (izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-60). Isitshalo se-Hogweed - isitshalo se-biennial (ngesinye isikhathi esingasetshenziswa), i-blooms kanye kuphela. Isitshalo sezinsizi, esingenalutho, esibubende, kusuka ku-1.5 kuya ku-3 m ubude.
Amaqabunga ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka anama-1.5 m ubude. Ama-inflorescences (izambulela) ububanzi bufinyelela ku-80 cm. Isitshalo esisodwa sinezimbali ezingu-80 kuya kwezingu-100 ezimpunga ezimhlophe noma ezibomvu (ziyaqhakaza ngoJulayi-Agasti). Imbewu ivuthiwe kusukela ngoJulayi kuya kuSeptemba, ihlala isebenza iminyaka emibili kuya kweyithathu. Uhlelo lwempande luyisisekelo.
Phakathi kwe-horshevikov kunezitshalo ezingekho ezinobuthi (isiSiberia, ukuhlakazwa, i-shaggy, njll) kanye nobuthi (Montegazzi, Sosnovsky).
Uyazi? Isazi esingumRoma uPliny sambiza ngokuthi u-Hercules ngenxa yokukhula okusheshayo kwamahlumela kanye nobukhulu bayo (kubangelwa ukuphakama kwamamitha amathathu kuya kwangu-6). Igama lesiRussia livela egameni elithi "borscht" (ekhulwini le-16, leli gama lisho okuthile okwenziwe). Phakathi kwezitshalo zalesi sifo kukhona ezidliwayo - i-hogweed yaseSiberia. Kwakungenxa yokuthi kwakuphekwe isidlo, esabizwa ngokuthi i-borsch ngenxa yesithako sayo esiyinhloko (ngenkathi i-hogweed ithatha indawo yezinyosi kanye neminye imifino). E-Western Europe, i-hogweed ibizwa ngokuthi "i-Bear Paw."Okuvamile endaweni yethu kwakuyi-hogweed Sosnovsky (ngokuhlonipha usosayensi owafunda lesi sitshalo eCaucasus). Izici ezihlukile zesitshalo:
- ukungazitholi, ukumelana nesithwathwa, kuhluke ekusindeni okukhulu;
- ngenxa yokuhlwanyela imbewu, ithola kakhulu amasimu;
- iqukethe ama-furocoumarins;
- unephunga elibukhali nelingajabulisayo;
- uthanda inhlabathi enomanzi;
- isitshalo esikhulu soju;
- inhibisa zonke ezinye izitshalo.
Iyini ingozi kaHogweed?
I-hogweed yaseSosnovsky iyingozi kubo bobabili abantu kanye nezitshalo. Ingozi ikhona ekuqongeni kwama-furocoumarins asebenzayo namafutha abalulekile kuzo zonke izingxenye zesitshalo.
Uyazi? U-Hogweed Sosnovsky e-USSR kusukela ngo-1940 wahlakulela ngenkuthalo njengesiko se-silage. Naphezu kokuthi lesi sitshalo sanika ukunambitheka okubabayo ubisi nenyama, ukuhlolwa kwaqedwa (kushiyiwe) kuphela ngesikhathi se-perestroika.
Imiphumela yabantu ingaba:
- Ukushisa Ijusi elinamahloni lenza ukuthi umzimba womuntu ube nengcupheni ebukhali emisebeni ye-ultraviolet. Ukushisa okukhulu (kuze kufinyelele ku-3 degrees) ijusi ibangela ilanga elikhanyayo, liwela esikhumbeni esimanzi, lifake ngisho nangendaba.
Izindawo ezithintekile zibomvu, i-shish, izikhumba zesikhumba, zivela (okuvamise ukuhlangana). Ukunqotshwa okujulile kusongela ukugqotshwa okumnyama, izibazi nezibazi.
Ukushisa kungenzeka ngokushesha nje lapho ijusi lithola esikhumbeni, noma singabonakala ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-1-2. Uma ungathathi isinyathelo ngesikhathi - kukhona izinwele, isisulu, isizungu (kuze kube yilahlekelwa ukuqonda).Abantu abasengozini ikakhulukazi abantu abadala, izingane, ama-blondes nabantu abanobomvu. Kuningi futhi kuxhomeke ekuzweleni kwesikhumba;
- Ukungezwani komzimba. Amafutha aqakathekile angabangela ukusabela okweqile (ukukhipha, ukukhwehlela, ukuqhuma, ukuklebhula, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-edema laryngeal);
- Ukuphuphuthekisa lapho uthola ijusi emehlweni.
Ukushisa kungenzeka ngokushesha nje lapho ijusi lithola esikhumbeni, noma singabonakala ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-1-2. Uma ungathathi isinyathelo ngesikhathi - kukhona izinwele, isisulu, isizungu (kuze kube yilahlekelwa ukuqonda).Imiphumela yezitshalo:
- ijusi namafutha abalulekile uhlala emigqeni ye-hogweed, ingene emhlabathini futhi igweme ukuhluma kwezitshalo zezinye izinhlobo zezilwane, ukuhlinzeka imbewu yayo enezakhi;
- Ubude buhambisana namaqabunga amakhulu akushiyi ukukhanya kwelanga kumncintiswaneni (kubamba ukukhanya okungu-80%).
Usizo lokuqala lokushisa
Uma ijusi le-hogweed lifika esikhumbeni sakho, kufanele:
- Hlanza indawo ethintekile ngamaningi amanzi (uma kungenzeka - nge sese yokuhlanza).
- Dab indawo eyonakele yesikhumba nge-vodka, i-cologne, i-furatsilina noma i-manganese.
- Phatha nge-panthenol.
- Nciphisa ukukhanya kwelanga.
- Yiya kudokotela.
Kubalulekile! Ukuze uthole izilonda ezinkulu, ukuphuza noma ijusi ewela emehlweni kanye nezibungu zamangqamuzana - kufanele uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha.Akunconywa ukuthi usebenzise ukugqoka ukushisa nge-hogweed, ukwelashwa kunqunywe njengokushisa.
Uma indawo encane yesikhumba ihluphekile, futhi ungasekho ekhaya, udinga ukubamba indawo ethintekile ngaphansi kwamanzi cishe amaminithi angu-20, bese ubheka ukushisa ngendwangu ebanzi kusukela elangeni bese uya ekhaya ngokushesha, endaweni enkulu yesilonda - esibhedlela.
Ukuqapha lapho usebenza ne-hogweed
Kubalulekile ukulwa ne-parshevik ngokuhambisana nemithetho yokuphepha. U-Hogweed uyisithandwa esiyingozi, futhi ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukulwa nalo, udinga ukunakekela imishini efanelekile: 
- suti engenawo amanzi nehotho;
- amagilavu wejubber kanye namabhothi;
- izibuko zokuphepha;
- ukuphefumula.
Kubalulekile! Uma ulwa ne-cow parsnip, ukugqoka amagilavu okwenziwe ngendwangu akunconywa, ngoba isitshalo sesitshalo (nanjengamazolo avela kuwo) sizosigcoba indwangu futhi sikulimaze. Ungashiswa futhi usebenzise ihembe, i-t-shirt nezinye izinto eziboshwe.
Indlela yokubhekana ne-cow parsnip e-dacha, indlela yokulwa nayo
Ngokunakekela i-dacha noma ingadi njalo, ukuthola ihlumela elincane le-hogweed, linganciphisa kalula. Uma ingadi isebenza, futhi amaqabunga alesi sitshalo akhiwa, umzabalazo ngeke ube lula kakhulu.
Ungalibali - i-hogweed izokwandisa futhi ithathe izindawo ezintsha.
Indlela yokubhekana ne-Hogweed, sizotshela iminyaka eminingi abanolwazi abanamasimu nezakhamuzi zasehlobo.
Ukufuna izihlahla
Ukulwa ne-cow parsnip e-dacha encane ngokusika ama-buds kuyindlela engcono kakhulu. Ukuthatha i-trunk ngesandla segravu, kufanele usike amafihlethi nezimbali zesambulela.
Yenza okufanayo nama-ambulule wesibili (uma ikhona) - uwasika ngaphansi kwesisekelo. Ukulahla izimbali zezitshalo, ususa amakhulu ezinkulungwane zembewu.
Le ndlela inezinkinga:
- eyingozi kakhulu. Lapho ukusika izihlahla, ijusi namazolo kungaphazamisa noma kuqhubekele ekhanda, ubuso, izandla;
- phambi kwamahlumela amakhulu kudinga umzamo omkhulu.
Isitshalo sokuvutha
Uma isikhathi sokuchichima singekho futhi imbewu iboshwe, sebenzisa indlela ephumelelayo - bashise izitshalo kanye nembewu lapho bevuthwa. Ukuqinisa akumele kwenziwe - imbewu akufanele ivuthwe esambulela.
Ukususwa kwalabo abathintekayo ngale ndlela kudinga ukugcinwa okuqaphele kokuqapha:
- uthele ngobumnene i-kerosene noma i-petrolethi izambulela ngezinhlamvu;
- setha umlilo esiteshini esingenasimo sezulu futhi ulungele uma ilangabi liqala ukuthuthela kwezinye izitshalo (ube ne-spade, amanzi);
- ukushisa amafutha abalulekile kuzobangela intuthu ye-acrid engase ibe ne-poisoned (ibe nama-respirators, ama-gas masks);
- zivikeleke ekutholeni ijusi le-hogweed esikhumbeni.
Ukulima nokukhula
Ekuseni kwentwasahlobo, ukulima ukulahla kuzosiza ukubhekana nobusika be-hiberovatting. Uma izitshalo eziphilayo ziqala ukukhula ezimpandeni - phinda ukulima. Ekwindla, ukulima ngokumelene ne-hogweed kuyaphikisana - imbewu esele iyowela emhlabathini bese ihluma.
Ungaya "ekuzingeleni" ngefosholo kula amahlumela amancane e-hogweed. Ukwehlisa amahlumela kufanele kube ngaphansi kwezinga lokukhula (5-10 cm ngaphansi kwekholomu yezimpande). Ukuphunga zonke amaviki amathathu kuya kwangu-4 (i-hogweed iphosa amahlumela entwasahlobo nasehlobo) futhi inikeza imiphumela emihle.
Ukuhluma kuveza izithelo ngaphambi kokuba izimbali zitshalo (zisetshenziswe lapho i-hogweed inkulu). Zonke izitshalo ezigunyiwe zishiswa ngezinqwaba.
Izenzo ze-agrotechnical zanamuhla, ezifana nokuhlanganisa ifilimu, i-turf yokufakelwa, njll, kuzosiza ukuqeda i-hogweed kusayithi:
- entwasahlobo, ukumboza yonke indawo ethintekile yi-hogweed ngefilimu emnyama, cindezela phansi ngomthwalo futhi ushiye kuze kube ngoJuni. Ukuntuleka kokukhanya kanye nomphumela wokushisa uyobhubhisa izitshalo. NgoJuni, susa ifilimu bese ulima endaweni;
- entwasahlobo, uhlwanyela ukhula endaweni ethile, usakaze i-geopolit, ufafaze umhlaba omusha (5 cm) bese utshala utshani obuntshani.
Uyazi? Isitha esingokwemvelo se-hogweed yi-moth noma isambulela. Izimpungushe zamazinyo zigwaza ngeziqu zezitshalo, ziwela ezigodini ezincane bese ziqothula izimbali ngaphambi kokuba ziqhakaze.
Ukubulala amagciwane kusuka eHogweed
Enye impendulo ethandwayo yombuzo wokuthi ungasusa kanjani i-hogweed kusuka esakhiweni ukubulala ukhula. Faka isicelo sokubulala ukhula:
- ukupompa (Roundup, Tornado, njll). Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa kusukela kuvela amahlumela we-hogweed kuze kufike isikhathi sokuqhakaza (kamuva kuzothatha isikhathi eside). Kulabo abahlaziyiweyo, kabili ukuhlushwa kwezinhlayiya kufanele kusetshenziswe (lesi sitshalo sigxile kakhulu). Izinsuku ezingu-14 udinga ukwelashwa ezimbili;
- ukugoma. Yenziwa esitsheni se-hogweed (arboricide), esitsheni se-stem (uviniga, noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-herbicide) -sitshalo esisodwa;
- ukwelashwa ngabanye nge-glyphosate herbicides. Isixazululo sisetshenziselwa amaqabunga aphethe umshini wokupenda (kuze kube ngu-80% wendawo yezitshalo). Umphumela we-100% uhlangene nobungozi obuncane bokulimaza ezitshalweni ezitshalwe ezizungezile.
Kubalulekile! Phakathi nokuphalaza nge-herbicide, amalungiselelo kufanele awele emaqenjini ama-rosettes kanye nama-inflorescences isambulela.
Ihlaselwe ezweni, elingenakwenziwa ngokwezigaba
Lapho ubhubhisa i-hogweed e-dacha, akunakwenzeka neze:
- ukutshala izitshalo emva kokuqhakaza - umphumela ngeke ube, futhi ngalesi sikhathi kunamathuba amaningi okushisa kusuka ijusi eliqhuma;
- ukuhluma emva kwezinhlobo zokuvuthwa - imbewu izohlakazeka nxazonke;
- shiya izitshalo ezitshaliwe zomile. Imbewu ingakwazi "ukufinyelela" futhi inike inzalo. Izitshalo ezitshaliwe - zishise;
- ukunganaki izinyathelo zokuphepha.
