Izinkukhu ezincane zenyama: incazelo yokuzalwa, ukugcina nokuzalana

Iningi labantu abahlala emadolobhaneni nasemadolobheni alinamfuyo kuphela, kodwa futhi nezinkukhu. Akunakwenzeka njalo ukudala ipulazi enkulu yenkukhu, kulokhu kufanele uqaphele izinhlobo zezinkukhu ezinyamazane ezinkukhu. Ukuzala nokulondoloza izinyoni ezinjalo kuyinto elula futhi inenzuzo ekuboneni kwezomnotho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inyoni enjalo iyindawo ehlala ehlobo ephelele.

Umsuka

I-mini-meat hens yahlonywa ngenxa yokucwaninga okwenziwa yiZagorsk Poultry Institute, esisedolobheni laseSergiev Posad, esifundeni saseMoscow. Lapho kuzaliswa lolu hlobo, i-Plymutrock, i-Leghorn, i-Rhode Island yayithinteka njengabazali.

Uhlobo lwalokhu lwathola abalandeli bayo phakathi kwabalimi bezinkukhu base-USSR yangaphambili, futhi maduzane bathola ukuthandwa eYurophu. Kwezinye amazwe aseYurophu, lolu hlobo luye lwadume kakhulu kangangokuba luye lwathatha isikhundla sezinhlobo zezinkukhu, zendabuko kula mazwe. Lokhu kwenzeke ngenxa yezimfanelo ezifana nokudla okunomsoco nokukhiqiza amaqanda.

Uyazi? Ukuze iqanda lifakwe emzimbeni wenkukhu, kuthatha amahora angama-24.

Ividiyo: ukubuyekezwa kwezinhlobo zezinkukhu ezincane

Isici sokubeletha

Izinkukhu zezilwane zezinkukhu, bobabili ochwepheshe kanye nabalingisi, sebeziqinisekisile ukuthi kuyabiza kakhulu ukuqukatha izinhlobo ezincane zemfuyo uma kuqhathaniswa nezijwayelekile. Inkukhu eyodwa yanele cishe 125 g yokudla nsuku zonke.

Zijwayeze nabameleli abakhulu beqanda, inyama, inyama-iqanda, ukulwa kanye nezinhlobo zokuhlobisa.

Ukubonakala kwezinyoni kufana nezinkukhu ezijwayelekile, noma kunjalo, imilenze yabo emifushane, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinkukhu ezindala zendabuko, ibetha. Banokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda aphezulu, inyama yabo inamnandi kakhulu. Umzimba uhlangene, i-plumage ihambelana nomzimba, isikhala saso sifana nesigqabha.

Izinhlobonhlobo zezinkukhu

Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezincane zezinyamazane, ezithandwa kakhulu yizi-P-11 no-B-33.

I-P-11

Iziqhingi zase Rhode Islands (P-11) zinesayizi encane encane, zihlobo lwendawo yonke, njengoba zinokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda amahle kanye nenyama yekhwalithi elihle kakhulu.

Uhlobo olunjalo lwezinkukhu njenge-Ushanka yase-Ukraine, i-Siberia Pedicar, i-Polish Greenback, uhlobo lwe-Orlovskaya luhlukile ekukhiqizeni amaqanda amahle.

Phakathi kwezinzuzo kukhona lokhu okulandelayo:

• ukuhambisana. Uhlobo lwazo lwalubelelwa ukuzalanisa emakamelweni, okukhethwa kukho okuhle kakhulu kwenkukhu encane yenkukhu;
• kuqala ukuqala ukugijima. Izinkukhu ziletha amaqanda okuqala ezineminyaka engaba yisithupha;
• umlingisi ozolile. Izinkukhu zisebenza ngokulinganisela, zingabangeli inkathazo enkulu. Bathanda ukumba emhlabathini, befuna izinkukhu zokudla, ama-roost avame ukukhala, abathandi ukulwa. Inkukhu ayibheki inkampani yomuntu, kodwa ayesabi;
• ube nempilo enhle. Ngokunakekelwa nokunakekelwa okufanele, amaphuphu amabili kanye nabantu abadala banesilinganiso esiphakeme kakhulu sokusinda;
• ukukhiqizwa kweqanda eliphezulu. Ngokuya kokudla, bangakwazi ukukhiqiza amaqanda angama-200 ngonyaka.

Kubalulekile! Akufanele ulondoloze ekufudumeni kwenkukhu yenkukhu ekunakekelweni kwezinhlobo zezinyama ezincane. Imidwebo, amanzi nokubandayo yizitha eziyinhloko zezinkukhu ezinamazinyo.

B-33

I-Leghorny encane (B-33) inesihloko esinqunyiwe sobukhulu obuncane, i-comb of the roosters itholakala ngokuqondile, izinkukhu ziyancipha. Umzimba uhlotshiswe ngamakhaza, inqwaba yombala omhlophe ifanelana ngokuqinile emzimbeni.

Izinhlobo zeBrahma, isiGerant giant, iKochinquin, Cornish, i-Orpington, kanye ne-Hubbard cross, i-gray gray, ne-foxy chick zihlukaniswa ngamazinga aphezulu okukhiqiza inyama.

Izici ezinjalo zihambelana nezinduna ezincane:

• ukuzola, ama-cockerels awakuthandi ukulwa, izinkukhu zivame ukumba phansi;
• ama-cockerels abonakala ngokunyuka kocansi;
• abadingi indlu enkulu nendawo yokuhamba, bahamba ngokujwayelekile emakhenjini;
• badla isilinganiso se-1/3 ngaphansi kwezihlobo zabo ezinkulu.

Ukukhiqiza

Izinkukhu ezincane zezinyama zinezici ezilandelayo:

• isisindo: inkukhu - 2.7 kg, i-rooster - 3 kg;
• ukukhiqizwa kweqanda - izicucu ezingafika ku-170 ngonyaka;
• isisindo seqanda - 57-60 g;
• ukusinda kwenkukhu - ngaphezu kuka-97%, ngokunakekelwa kahle kungafinyelela ku-99%;
• i-hatchability - cishe ngo-84%;
• Ukuphila kwezinyoni ezindala kunama-90%.

Uyazi? Izinkukhu zokuqala ezifuywayo zavela ensimini yeTopiya yanamuhla ngasekupheleni kwe-I no-II enkulungwaneni BC.

Ividiyo: umehluko phakathi kwe-fawn ne-chicken emhlophe enyama-inyama

Okuqukethwe kwamahhala

Uma unquma ukubandakanya ngokungathí sina izinkukhu ezincane zokudla inyama, landela le mithetho:

1. Okokuqala udinga ukulungisa inkukhu ekhukhulayo yenkukhu. Kungase kudingeke ufudumise izindonga nezansi.
2. Ukunakwa kufanele futhi kubhalelwe izidingo zokuhlanzeka. Indlu ehlanzekile yenyoni ibalulekile ekugcineni igciwane lesandulela ngculazi kanye nempilo enhle yezinyoni. Ukuze ama-parasites namagciwane angabi inkinga kuwe nezilwane ezifuywayo, kuyadingeka ukuba uhlanze indlu njalo.
3. Kudingeka kabili ngonyaka ukuhlanza jikelele igumbi nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi abilayo, isisombululo se-potassium permanganate kanye nesobho lokuhlanza.
4. Qaphela ukuhamba kahle kwe-flooring. Kufanele ihlale ifudumele futhi isuse umswakama owedlulele. Ukushisa noma u-hay kuzokwenza.

Sincoma ukuthi sifunde ukuthi ungakha kanjani ipeni lezinkukhu, ukwenza kanjani inkukhu yenkukhu kusuka ekushiseni okushisa, ukwakha nokuhlomisa inkukhu yenkukhu, ukuyenza kanjani ukushisa, ukuphuza umoya nokukhanyisa, kanye nendlela yokwenza isikhukhula, isidleke, umgogodla kanye nokondla izinkukhu.

Amandla

Ukudla kufanele kube nokulinganisela, kufaka zonke izingxenye ezidingekayo: amafutha, ama-carbohydrate namaprotheni. Ukudla okungalungile kubonakala ekukhiqizeni kweqanda.

1. Kuzinkukhu, kugxile ekukhiqizeni inyama, ukudla okuphethwe kahle ngokungezwa kokusanhlamvu, amakhambi namaminerali.

   Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungalungisa kanjani izinkukhu nezinkukhu ezindala ngezandla zakho.

2. Izendlalelo zidinga amaprotheni wemifino (imbewu ye-sunflower, i-peas).
3. Ukuze ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwendlela yokugaya kufanele kuthulwe inhlula emgodini.
4. Lapho ukondla, landela isimiso: kungcono ukuthi ungadli inyoni kunokudla. Izinkukhu ezingaphezu kweqhwa ziqhuma kabi.
5. Ochwepheshe batusa ukungaqedi okusanhlamvu. I-Ground okusanhlamvu "i-samente" i-tract emathunjini, iyinkunkuma enkulu kakhulu. Kusihlwa, kuyadingeka wonke amagilebhisi okusanhlamvu.
6. Phakathi nonyaka, udinga ukusebenzisa izithako zokudla okunomsoco okwandisa ukukhiqizwa kweqanda.
7. Endlini ye hen kumele udinga ukufaka abaphakeli futhi uhlale uqapha ukutholakala kwamanzi ahlanzekile.
8. Izinyoni kufanele zihlale emoyeni omusha. Ikhukhu, limba emhlabathini, lifuna izinambuzane, izibungu nezibungu ezidinga.

Kungcono ukusebenzisa ukudla kwemboni. Ukukhiqizwa okuphezulu kwabakhiqizi abakhulu kanye namanani abo angabizi kahle (kokubili amaqanda nenyama yenkukhu) bachazwa ukusetshenziswa kwezidlo zokudla. Kumelwe sizame ukufeza ukufana okuphezulu kokudla okulungiselelwe ekhaya nge-feed eyenziwe ngefektri.

Kubalulekile! Ukudla okumanzi okondla izinkukhu ezincane ezinyama kufanele kungabi ngaphezu kuka 2/3 kokudla konke, okusanhlamvu okusele kwesithathu.

Ukudla okwenzelwe izinkukhu kufanele kube nezinhlobo ezintathu:

• wet: ingxube esekelwe kumazambane (ikhasi), nemifino, izimpande nemifino;
• eyomile: okusanhlamvu nge-add sand and chalk;
• kuxutshwe: inhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezimbili zokuqala zokudla.

Funda ukunikeza izinkukhu bran kanye nenyama kanye nenyama yethambo, kanye nendlela yokuhluma ukolweni izinkukhu.

Iningi livame ukusetshenziswa ukudla okunomile. Ukuze ukulungiswa kwalo kungathathi isikhathi esiningi, ukudla okunjalo kugcinwe kahle. Iresiphi elula yokulungiselela ukudla okunjalo: hlanganisa izingxenye ezilinganayo ibhali, oats, ummbila kanye nesibindi. Engeza isikhala esinawo.

Ukuze ulungise uhlobo oluthile lokudla kufanele lulungiswe:

• amazambane;
• ithanga;
• amabhontshisi;
• iklabishi;
• zucchini kanye ukhukhamba.

Uyazi? Enye yezimfumbe ezindala kakhulu futhi ezaziwayo ezinengqondo, impendulo engaphenduliyo engakatholakali: okuyinto iqanda eliyinhloko noma inkukhu. Ngalolu daba, u-Aristotle wacabanga ngo-384 BC. i-er

Gweba zonke izithako nge-chopper. Yenza izingxenye ezincane, njengokungaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbili ukugcina amasaladi anjalo ayikwazi. Futhi, ungagcizeleli kakhulu ekudleni okumanzi, kungabangela ukuphazamiseka kwepheshana lomzimba. Ukondla ubusika kufanele ukwandise ngesabelo samavithamini namaminerali.

Ividiyo: Ukudla izinkukhu ezincane Uma ungasebenzisi izingxube ezenziwe ngomumo wokukhiqizwa kwefektri, kufanele ulungiselele izingxenye zokudla kwasebusika ehlobo:

1. Lungisa amazambane namaqabunga, agcinwa isikhathi eside. Gcwalisa izingxube noma ngokumane ifomu eliqoshiwe.
2. Lungisa ifoni kusukela ehlobo. Kudingeka bahlele phansi phansi inkukhu yenkukhu ngezikhathi ezithile. Izinyoni ziyakuthanda ukungena kuwo.
3. I-Stock up kwi-gravel emihle, igalela ekugayeni okujwayelekile kwenyoni.

Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kuhokhwe ekondleni izinkukhu. Badinga ukudla okulinganiselayo kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila. Ukondla okungalungile kungabangela ukuguqulwa kweminwe ezinkukhu emva kwesonto lokuqala lokuphila.

Kungakusiza ukuba ufunde mayelana nokuthi ungondla kanjani futhi ukhule izinkukhu, ukuthi yini ongayinika izinkukhu, ukuthi ungathutha kanjani izinkukhu ezindala, kanye nendlela yokunquma ubulili bezinkukhu.

Lokhu kuchazwa ukuthi phakathi nokukhethwa kwegeneji esitsheni esasetshenzisiwe, okukhona okudinga ukudla okunomsoco kusukela esemncane.

Iminye imithetho yokunikeza izilwane ezincane:

1. Nika izinkukhu imikhiqizo yobisi nemifino.
2. Emva kwenyanga yokuqala yokuphila, faka ukudla kanye nesidlo sakusihlwa ekudleni.
3. Ngemuva kokuba inkukhu ifike ezinyangeni ezinhlanu ubudala, udinga ukuqala ukumondla ngezinyoni ezindala.

Ukuzala

Imikhiqizo yezinyamazane ezincane kakhulu ekuzaliseni emapulazini amakhulu, nasezindlini ezinkukhu ezincane, isibonelo, ezweni. Lezi zinyoni zijwayele ukujwayela izimo zokuba khona kwamaseli. I-factor of universality ibaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ekulimeni kwezinkukhu ezincane.

Kuyinto elula kakhulu ukugcina inyoni enokukhiqizwa kweqanda elihle kakhulu, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba nomzimba wokudla okuphakeme kunokuba uzalise izinhlobo eziningana ngezinhloso ezahlukene: enye yamaqanda, enye inyama. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kunezimo eziphazamisayo zesigqila: inyoni ehlukile kanye nobumnene idinga ukunakekelwa okuhlukile. Zondla izinyoni nazo zidinga ukuba zihlukaniswe, njengoba izinhlobo zohlobo lweqanda azihambisani nokudla kwe-broiler.

Mhlawumbe isidingo esikhulu ekukhuliseni izinkukhu ezinjalo yi-thermophilicity yabo. Izinkukhu ezisanda kuzalwa zigcinwa ku-+36 ° C futhi ngenhla okokuqala, ngokunciphisa kancane kancane njengoba izinkukhu zivuthiwe. Futhi, ngenxa yobuningi bezakhi zofuzo, ukuhlanzeka kohlobo kufanele kuhlonishwe.

Ababelethi abancoma ukuthi bangenise "igazi elisha" kulo mhlobo, lokhu kuholela ekukhungeni kwezinkomba zekhwalithi ezinkukhu ezinamazinyo kanye nokubonakaliswa kwezimfanelo ezimbi (ubuhlanga buba bubi, abuhambisani kahle, amaqanda abe amancane, kanti izinyoni ngokwazo zibuhlungu).

Ividiyo: amaphutha ekutshalweni kwezinyamazane ezincane

Izinzuzo nokungalungi

Amazwi ambalwa mayelana nokufaneleka kwezinkukhu ezinamazinyo:

• Izinkukhu ezincane zikhula ngokushesha futhi zithole isisindo;
• ingagcinwa endaweni encane, kuhlanganise namaseli;
• inyama inezici ezinhle kakhulu zokudla;
• ukulula kokudla;
• Ukudla okuphansi kokudla;
• ukungahlehlisi kokuqukethwe;
• ukuthwala amaqanda amakhulu;
• ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kuqala;
• uhlamvu olulinganiselayo, uhamba kahle cishe noma iyiphi inyoni nezilwane.

Kubalulekile! Izinkukhu ezincane ezinkukhu zidinga ukudla okunomsoco kusukela ngosuku lokuqala lokuphila, ngaphandle kwalokho zingase zibe nezinkinga ngamagatsha.

Ukuze ubuyekezwe okuhloswe kakhudlwana kwalolu hlobo, kufanele futhi uthi amagama ambalwa mayelana neziphambeko zesici:

• thanda ukushisa futhi ungabeki ukubekezelela ama-drafts;
• ukufuna kakhulu ukuhlanzeka;
• Ngenxa yemilenze emifushane ngenkathi ehamba emanzini amanzi ahlamba isisu, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuhamba izinyoni uma zome ngaphandle;
• Kuyinto engathandeki kakhulu ukuhlangana nabamele ezinye izinhlobo.

Ukubamba iqhaza, singasho ukuthi izinkukhu ezincane ezinyamazane ziyindlela enhle kakhulu emapulazini amakhulu ahlose ukukhiqiza izinkukhu, kanye nezinkukhu ezincane zezinkukhu ezizalisa izinyoni ukuze zisebenzise.

Ubuningi bezimfanelo ezinhle zohlobo lukhulu kakhulu kunamaphutha amancane. Futhi uma ufaka kulezizinto ezihlukahlukene (ukukhiqizwa amaqanda amahle kanye nenyama ephezulu yokudla), khona-ke ukungabaza mayelana nokukwazi ukuzalanisa izinkukhu ezincane kuzinqamuka ngokuphelele.