Ikhaya Umuthi wase-Araucaria waseChile u-Argentina nomgcele waseChile. Izinaliti zihlwanyelwa njengezitshalo zendlu.
Umuthi ungatholakala emasimini nasezindlini zokugcina izithombo zaseRussia Federation nase-Ukraine. Kuvame ukutholakala e-USA, eCaledonia, eBrazil, e-Australia.
Umuthi omkhulu. Kukhula ubude ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-60. Ububanzi bomqhele bungathola amamitha angaphezu kweyodwa nengxenye. Ikhetha isimo sezulu sezulu esinamanzi.
Ikhula emhlabathini we-mineral ogcwele kahle. Ibekezelela isomiso namaqhwa amakhulu.
Ukunakekela emva kokuthenga
Ngemuva kokuthenga izidingo zezinaliti hlamba uthuli ngaphansi kompompi wamanzi.
Ukuze ukhule kufanele ukhethe izingqimba ezikhanyisiwe kahle. ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile.
Akunakwenzeka khetha izindawo eduze nokushisa okuphakathi noma ama-heaters.
I-Arukarya yesiChile isonakaliswa ukushisa okukhulu. Izinaliti zikhula kahle emasimini ase-botanical, izingadi zangaphambili kanye namabhaloni emoyeni omusha.
Ukunisela
Ukunisela kufanele kwenziwe amanzi ahlukanisiwe ekamelweni lokushisa. Umhlali ohlala ekhaya uthanda ukuchelela njalo lapho inhlabathi iyoma. I-Pine ithanda ukusifafaza okuqhubekayo kusuka ku-sprayer.
Izimbali
Isihlahla si i-dioecious evergreen. I-inflorescences yamadoda nabesifazane. Ngaphambili, izitshalo ze-monocotone ngezinye izikhathi zahlangana nazo.
Kodwa emva kwesikhathi i-phayini ishintshe ubulili bayo.
Ama-bumps bumps ziphezulu kakhulu. Zifana nesimo se-spherical. Ububanzi bama-cones buhlukahluka kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-30 amasentimitha. Zinezidakamizwa ezidlayo ezidliwayo emanzini angama-70 kuya kwangu-250.
Izigaxa zamadoda ziphezu komuthi. Ngosayizi, amancane kakhulu kunama-cones wesifazane. Ukufinyelela okungamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-12 amasentimitha. Ngosayizi zincane kakhulu, zihlangene, ziyi-cylindrical shape.
Ukwakheka komqhele
Ukukhwabanisa kwe-Crohn ukuma kwe-pyramidal, kakhulu kakhulu. Amagatsha aphansi asemhlabathini. Ngemuva kwesikhathi isihlahla siqala "ukuphela" kanye neziqu ziyawa. Amagatsha okubambisana akhona ema-verticil. Zingahlehliswa futhi zikhothamele.
Crown ezitshalweni ezindala flat njengoba ngesambulela. Itholakala kuphela phezulu kwe-trunk. Iziqu zihlanganiswa namaqabunga amancane. Unesakhiwo esinesikhumba esinamaqabunga. Amaqabunga ahlelwe ngokomoya. Zifaka ngokuphelele iziqu.
Umhlaba
Umuthi udinga i-substrate ngokulinganisela okulinganayo exutshwe ne-peat, isihlabathi, i-turf kanye nomhlabathi we-leaf.
E-Araucaria yaseChile, inhlabathi ye-coniferous kufanele ifakwe enhlabathini. Enhlabathini enjalo, umuthi wephayini ujwayele ukukhula, ukhula ngokukhula futhi ukhule ngokulinganayo.
Ukutshala nokufakelwa kabusha
Ukutshala noma ukufakelwa kabusha kufanele kwenziwe. Mashi-Ephreli noma ngoJuni. Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo kudinga kuphela amakhophi amakhulu futhi aqinile kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwezihlahla ezinjalo, inhlabathi ihlanganiswe nenqubo yezimpande. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinaliti zibekezelela ukufakelwa.
Ngenkambiso, kufanele ukhethe amathangi amakhulu. Izimbiza ezincane ngeke zivumele umuthi ukuba uthuthuke kahle futhi ngenkuthalo. Izibonelo zama-adults azifakelwa kabusha izikhathi ezine ngonyaka.
Izihlahla ezincane zingakhula iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu ngaphandle kokungenela kwabantu.
Ukuzala
Izitshalo zanda ukutshala imbewu nokusika ama-cuttings. Ukuxhunyelela amahlumela aqinile. Zihlukaniswe zibe izingxenye ezincane ezingekho ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angu-15.
Esikhathini ngasinye kufanele kube okungenani izinaliti eziyi-15-20 ezihlaza. I-cuttings itshalwe enhlabathini enomanzi futhi iqaphe ngokucophelela izici zokushisa.
Kungcono ukuhlala ngaphansi komthambeka. Ukuphelelwa yisikhathi akufanele kudlule ngamamentimitha amabili. Imbewu yokutshala eyenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa enhlabathini elungiselelwe futhi igcwele kahle. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu, amahlumela okuqala kufanele avele.
Ukukhula
I-Araucaria isi-Chilean kudinga ukunakekelwa okuhleliwe. Lesi sitshalo sithanda amakamelo aqhakazile ngokufudumala okukhulu. Amathangi avunyelwe ukuphuma ensimini noma ebhalini. Ungavumeli ilanga eliqondile.
Imbali ithanda isithunzi kakhulu. Kudinga ukushisa okungaphezulu kuka-12 ° C. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izinaliti zembali ziyabuna futhi ziwa.
Ukushisa
I-Araucaria yaseChilean ayihambisani kahle endlini. Plant ngempela badinga umoya omusha. Ukushisa okungcono kakhulu kwebusika akufanele kube ngaphansi kwe-10 ° C. Kodwa akufanele kudlule u-15 ° С.
Ngentwasahlobo, lesi sitshalo sikhululekile ekushiseni kwe-19 ° C. Izinaliti azibekezeli ukushisa ngaphezu kwe-22 ° C. Udinga ukugwema ukuchayeka kwelanga ngokuqondile.
Umuthi uthanda ukukhanya okungafani. Ubukhona bokukhanyisa kumele kube ngamacala amabili. Uma lesi sihlahla singakhuli ku-greenhouse, umuthi wephayinsi uphenduka njalo ngesonto nge-90 °.
Izinzuzo zezitshalo
Imbewu yezitshalo ingasetshenziswa ekuphekeni. Zisetshenziswa ekuthosiwe futhi eziluhlaza.
Izidingo ze-Pine Abantu baseMelika baseMelika basebenzisa kwezokwelapha ukuqeda izifo nezifo ezihlukahlukene.
Izinkuni azidluli umswakama futhi ziyinto enhle. Isetshenziswa ekwakheni izindlu. Lesi sitshalo sihlanza ngokuphelele umoya.
Igama lesayensi
Igama lesiLatin elithi Araucaria laseChile - "Araucaria araucana". Kubantu abavamile isitshalo sisho izinaliti zesiChile. Igama livela kubantu baseNdiya Mapuche, abahlala ezindaweni ezivulekile ze "Araucano".
AmaNdiya athi umuthi "Pehuen". I-Pine yayisitshalo esingcwele. Ngakho-ke, abantu bazibiza ngokuthi "Pehuenches" - "abantu abangcwele."
Isithombe
I-Araucaria yase-Chile: isithombe sezingaliti ezingavamile kithi.
Izifo nezinambuzane
I-Araucaria yesiChile ishintshiwe ama-aphid. Izixazululo zesobho zifanele ukulawula izinambuzane. Amagremu angu-300 ensipho ahlanjululwa ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi abandayo. Ingxube eholayo ihlanjululwa ngamasinaliti wephayini kuze kube yilapho inkathazo isinyamalale ngokuphelele.
I-Pine ingathinteka i-mealybug. Ukuqeda, kuyadingeka ukuthi uphese lesi sitshalo nge Vertimec, Tsvetofos noma i-Fitoverm enezinsuku eziyisikhombisa kuze kube yilapho inkathazo idlala ngokuphelele.
I-Araucaria yaseChilean ithanda ukuchelela nokuhlefa njalo. Iphendula kahle ekukhuliseni. Isakazwa yimbewu nokuhlukaniswa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa. Imbewu yokutshala ingasetshenziswa ekuphekeni. Umuthi ungumvini ovuthiwe we-dioecious.
Futhi lapha ungabuka ividiyo mayelana nalesi sitshalo esingavamile se-coniferous.
