I-Saintpaulia iyisitshalo esivamile kakhulu esasendlini futhi saziwa ngegama le-violet e-Saint baroque. Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingu-32 zalesi sitshalo zikhona namuhla. Kodwa ngokushesha nje uma uthenga i-violet, umbuzo uvele ngokushesha: "Ungayinakekela kanjani kahle?".
Ukukhetha indawo engcono kakhulu ku-Saintpaulia
Inkinga yokuqala eyasuka masinyane emva kokuvela kwama-violets endlini iyona indawo yokukhetha indawo yayo. I-Violet ikhula kahle endaweni ekhanyayo ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile kanye nemidwebo.
Uma kungenzeka, kungcono ukuyibeka ngasempumalanga. Kulesi simo, ilanga lasekuseni alinamandla kakhulu futhi lizosiza ekuthuthukeni kwezimbali zezitshalo.
Uma kungekho okukhethwa kukho, futhi i-windows sill ihlale ikhanyiswa ilanga, ngakho ukuvimbela ukushisa emaqabunga e-violet, kuyadingeka mnyama iwindi usebenzisa izimpumputhe noma amakhethini aminyene.
Nokho Ukukhanyisa okwanele kuholela ekutheni izimbali zibuthaka. Ungalungisa lokhu ngokuhambisa i-violet endaweni yokukhanya noma ukusebenzisa ukukhanyisa okufakelwayo. Njengoba izakhi zokukhanyisa, ungasebenzisa isibani se-fluorescent noma i-phytolamp, efaka amahora angu-10-12 ngosuku.
Ama-Violets, njengabantu, azizwa ekhululekile ngokushisa okuphakathi kwe-18-180C. Ukuze imbali ibe yocingo, ibhodlela kufanele liguqulwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuya elangeni ngezinhlangothi ezahlukene.
Indlela yokukhetha ibhodlela lama-violets
Ukukhetha i-pot for violets, udinga ukunaka usayizi wayo nokukhiqiza impahla. Ngosayizi, izimbiza ze-violets zihlukaniswe zibe yizincane (ububanzi nobude obuyi-5 cm.), Medium (7 × 7) nekulu (9 × 9). Akunconywa ukutshala i-saintpaulia emafotsheni amakhulu kakhulungoba: okokuqala, akubukeli okujabulisayo, futhi okwesibili, sifuna ukuthola izimbali, hhayi isihlahla esinamagatsha.
Kubalulekile! Kuzimbiza ezinkulu ama-violets awaqhakazi kuze kube seminyaka emibili.Izimpande ze-Violet zihlala ziseduze. Lokhu kunomthelela ekwenzeni umoya omuhle nokwamukela kalula izakhi ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwempande.
Uma usufinyelele ebhodweni le-9 × 9, khona-ke inqubo yokuguqulwa kufanele ifakwe ebhodweni elifanayo. Shake phansi kwengxenye yesithathu yomhlabathi, utshale ebhodweni, engeza ngaphezulu komhlabathi phezulu. Ukuze kuhlume izimpande ezintsha, indawo yenziwe, ngoba izimpande ze-violet zikhula phezulu kanti abaphansi bafa kancane kancane.
Izimbiza zingaba ipulasitiki noma i-ceramic. Ipulasitiki - elula, eshibhile, eguquguqukayo, ehlala isikhathi eside, kodwa ephefumula kakhulu. Ukuqeda le nsalela, zenziwa nge-plastic tray ekhethekile.
It has surface ribbed evumela ukuthi wena ugcine phansi ebhodweni endaweni ephakanyisiwe. Lokhu kunomthelela ekugezeni umoya emoyeni wesitshalo.
Izimbiza ezimbiza ziza noma ngaphandle kokuqhwaza. Izinguquko ezigqamile zinephutha elifanayo njengepulasitiki, nakuba lihle kakhulu, kodwa izindleko zazo zizofaneleka.
Izimbiza ezingenakunjengezimboni zingaphansi kokuhleka kwezinzwa, zindlala futhi ziphilile, kodwa ama-violets kuzo azizwa kahle. Ukusikisela komqondo kungasuswa ngokuthenga izimbiza noma ebhodweni elihle lobukhulu obukhulu. Ukufakwa kwezitshalo kuthathwe ibhodlela ebhodweni.
Izidingo zomhlabathi wokukhuphula ama-violets ekhaya
Umhlabathi we-violets, njengomthetho, ungathengwa esitolo sokuthenga imbali, kodwa abanye abalimi bakhetha ukupheka ngokwabo, njengoba becabanga ukuthi ukuthenga kulula kakhulu. Okokuqala, amanzi afakwe engxenyeni yesithathu yembiza (amalahle, ubumba obanzi, izingcezu ezincane zezitini).
Umhlabathi kufanele ube nokukhanya, okunomsoco nokuphefumula. Izingxenye zeqembu lezakhi zomhlabathi zibandakanya: ama-humus amaqabunga, umhlaba we-sod, umquba, umquba obolile, i-biohumus, nokukhululeka kwenhlabathi nomoya wokuphefumula okufana nalezi zitshalo zisetshenziswa njenge-peat, i-coniferous humus, umhlabathi wokukhanyisa, i-peat briquettes, i-sphagnum moss.
Kanti futhi, izitshalo zokuvula umhlabathi zivame ukusetshenziswa: isihlabathi, i-perlite, i-vermiculite.
Uyazi? UVilet wasiza ukuthola imayini enkulu ye-zinc eYurophu. Emazweni acebile i-zinc, khula izimbali ezinkulu kunazo zonke ze-violets.
Izici zokuchelela nokupunga
Ukunisela i-saintpaulia kunendawo ekhethekile ekunakekeleni nasekutshalweni kwezitshalo. Ayithandi ukuchelela ngokweqile nenhlabathi eyomile. Ngakho-ke, amanzi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa bese ugcina inhlabathi enomswakama.
Ukunisela kufanele kuhlukaniswe noma kuphekwe ngamanzi abilayo ekamelweni lokushisa. Ukuze uphuze, sebenzisa ukuchelela ngephunga elide elincane, ngoba i-violet ayithandi amanzi ukuba awele emaqabunga noma iphuzu lokukhula enkabeni yehlathi.
Ngaphansi kwebhodlela, kufanele kube khona umgodi lapho okusele khona amanzi. Ingxenye yehora ngemuva kokuchelela, amanzi okudlulela kumele asheswe. Uma amanzi efika emaqabungeni, kufanele uwafake nge-napkin.
Ungakwazi ukuphuza i-violet kanye ne-pan. Thelela amanzi esiqukeni bese ulinda isigamu sehora. I-Violet izothatha inani elidingekayo lokuswakama. Hlanganisa amanzi amaningi.
Amaqabunga asitshalo abesabi ukwesaba kakhulu amanzi, njengokuthuthukiswa kokubola kwebhaktheriya ne-fungal, namanzi kuphela anikezela kule nqubo. Ngakho-ke, awukwazi ukuhlanza amaqabunga esihlahla, kodwa ungakwazi ukuvuselela umoya, ngokwesibonelo, ngokufiphaza umoya ozungeze isitshalo noma ukusebenzisa ithawula emanzini ebhethri elishisayo.
I-Violets ikhetha umoya omanzi onomswakama ohambisanayo wama-50-60%.
Nini futhi kanjani ukondla i-violet
Ukuze ukhule ngokujwayelekile nezimbali, udinga ukunakekelwa okufanelekile kwama-violets kanye nenani elanele lezinto ezincane nezikhulu. Ama-macronutrients amakhulu i-nitrogen, i-phosphorus ne-potassium. Konke kufanele kube semali edingekayo, ngoba ukungaphezu kwabo noma ukusweleka kuholela ekunciphiseni kwezimbali, ukuphuza nokufa kwamaqabunga.
Izakhi zokulandelela nazo zidlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuleni kwezitshalo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi iron, manganese, cobalt, molybdenum, zinc, ithusi, boron. Indima yabo empilweni yaleso sitshalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-enzyme ayenzeka ukuba asebenzise kahle amandla elanga, amanzi kanye nezakhi eziqukethwe enhlabathini.
Amavithamini nama-amino acids avuselela izimpande zezimpande zezakhi ezincane nezincane.
Ama-violets kumele ahlanganiswe kanye nezinsuku ezingu-10-14 kanye nomanyolo we-violets noma ngomanyolo jikelele usebenzisa indlela yokugqoka izimpande. Funda imiyalelo yomanyolo bese ulungisa isisombululo sokunisela. Senza umanyolo ngendlela efanayo nokuchelela njalo emva kwayo yonke imiyalelo.
Kubalulekile! Imifuno ehlukene inezikhala ezahlukene. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi ufunda imiyalo futhi ulandele ngokuqinile umthamo. I-Violets ayibekezeli kahle kakhulu imali eyengeziwe yamanyolo.Kungcono ukuba nezinhlobo eziningana zomanyolo futhi uguqule ngezikhathi ezithile. Isibonelo, ukukhula okunamandla okukhulu, umanyolo wendawo yonke ufanelekile kakhulu izitshalo zezimbali zokuhlobisa ngezinto eziphakeme ze-nitrogen, kanye nezimbali ze-violet nokuzinakekela - umanyolo okhethekile we-saintpaulia, onokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-phosphorus ne-potassium.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ama-violets omanyolo akufanele abe kuleso simo:
- kungakapheli inyanga emva kokufakelwa kabusha;
- ngokuqina okuqinile kwesitshalo yizinambuzane noma izifo;
- nge ukwanda okuqinile noma ukwehla ekushiseni kwemoya.
Indlela yokuqothula isihlahla
Ngokuvamile umbuzo uvela: "Ungayinakekela kanjani ama-violets ekhaya?" Ukuze uthole isitshalo esihle esivumelanayo. Okokuqala, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-rosette ye-violet kufanele ibheke ngokulingana, enhle futhi enemizila emithathu yamagqabi.
Isikhungo sokukhula nokuthuthukiswa kwama-violets akufanele kube ngamahlamvu agqwaliwe. Lokhu kungenxa yokuntuleka kwezakhi eziwusizo ekuthuthukiseni amaqabunga amasha, futhi ziba zincane.
Uma lokhu kwenzeka kuwe, vele ususe amaqabunga aphansi abheka kancane ophuzi futhi engaphila. Kulula ukuwahlukanisa esiteshini, vele ucindezele ngomunwe phansi, bese usuqeda yonke iqabunga elingadingekile ngokunyakaza okuphazamisayo.
Uma i-violet, ngenxa yezenzo ezinjalo, isiqu esingenalutho, khona-ke singakwazi ukujula noma ukufafaza umhlaba. Ukuze isihlahla sibe sesimingcele, kuyadingeka ukuyibuyisela njalo ekukhanyeni ngamacala ahlukene.
Ukuzala kulandela uStpaulia
Indlela elula futhi ejwayelekile yokukhiqiza ama-violets yi-leaf propagation emanzini noma enhlabathini. Ngalendlela, ukhetho olufanele lweshidi ludlala indima ebalulekile. Kumele kuthathwe ku-violet omdala ngaphansi kwe-peduncle.
AmaSpredishithi aphakathi nendawo ye-violets yokuzalanisa ayifanele, ngoba ayengakutholi amandla namanci. Leli qabunga kufanele libe nemonakalo kanye neziphambeko, umbala obala obala. Amashidi amaningi kakhulu anezakhi ezimbalwa, ngakho kungcono ukungathathi.
Qeda ngokucophelela iqabunga elikhethiwe, shiya ukusika cishe ngamamentimitha amane ubude futhi usike ingxenye engaphezu kwe-cut oblique. Yima ukusika imizuzu engu-15.
Ukukhiqizwa kweqabunga le-senpoly emgodini ngamanzi akhiqizwa ngokulandelana okulandelayo:
- Ngeshidi ngalinye, lungiselela izitsha ezivela engilazini emnyama enezinsipho ezincane.
- Gcwalisa izitsha ngamanzi acwecwe noma avamile ngokungeziwe kwamalahle asetshenzisiwe. Lokhu kuzovimbela inqubo yokubola.
- Beka u-1 cm emanzini. Qaphela ilanga eliqondile.
- Amanzi angathululelwa, kodwa angashintshwa.
Uma ukubola kwe-cutting kukwenzeka ngokuzumayo, kuyifinyelele engxenyeni enempilo kanye ne-powder ngayo ngamachiza acushiwe. Amanzi ezitsha azishintsha. Landela inqubo yokwakheka kwezimpande. Ingahlala kuze kube inyanga. Ngesikhathi sobude be-1-2 cm, leli qabunga lingatshalwa enkomishini eplastiki.
Ukukhiqizwa kweqabunga le-senpoly emhlabathini kunjengoba:
- Lungiselela izinkomishi zepulasitiki. Yenza umgodi ngezansi.
- Ngaphansi kwesithathu engezansi yendebe, faka ukukhipha. Sebenzisa i-foam noma ubumba obunwetshwa njengamanzi. Gcwalisa yonke indawo ngendawo yokuvula ama-violets.
- Yenza umgodi phakathi nendawo, engeza i-perlite encane ehlanganiswe nomhlabathi, bese uhlwanyela ukujula kwe-1.5 cm.
- Gcina inhlabathi ihlale imanzi futhi ingabe isomile.
Ezinye izindlela zokuzalanisa zinzima kakhulu futhi zinamaphesenti amancane omphumela omuhle.
Isibonelo i-chimeras zikhiqiza ngokugqugquzela ukwakheka kwezinyathelo, futhi uma zanda ngeqabunga, umbala wabo ulahlekile. Izitshalo ezitshalweni, zivame ukuvela ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen emhlabathini. Ziyakhuliswa ubukhulu bezingane futhi ziqedwe ngokucophelela kusuka ekuphumeni komama.
Ukukhula komswakama wokuvuthwa kungabanjwa esitheni sokushisa, kuwubeka emsongweni we-sphagnum. Inqubo yonke ithatha cishe izinyanga ezimbili. Ngenxa yalokho, uthola isitshalo esikhulu se-varietal. Ukukhuthazwa kwezinyathelo ezinama-violets-chimeras kungenziwa ngokusika phezulu.
Ukuzaliswa kwama-violets nge-peduncles noma imbewu kwenziwa kuphela ngabalimi.
Uyazi?AmaRoma asendulo abiza i-violet imbali kaJupiter.
Ukulandelana kwe-Violet Transplant
Ukufakelwa kwansuku zonke kwama-violets kushukumisa izimbali zesitshalo futhi kwenza kube lula ukunciphisa ingxenye engezansi ye-stem. Ukunakekelwa okuhle kwama violets entwasahlobo ukufakelwa kwawo. Kungenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, kodwa hhayi ngesikhathi sezimbali. I-violet yemifino ishintshwe uma kwenzeka eziphuthumayo, bese kuphela ukugcina isitshalo.
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo kungenziwa ngenye yezindlela: ngokushintshwa okuphelele kwenhlabathi, ukushintshwa okuyingxenye yenhlabathi, indlela yokuguqula.
Ukushintshwa ngokugcwele esikhundleni senhlabathi kusetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ama-violets omdala. Inzuzo yale ndlela iwukuguqulwa okuphelele komhlaba, kanye nokuhlolwa nokuhlanza uhlelo lwempande yesitshalo. Emva kokukhipha isitshalo ebhodweni, ukuthuthumela emhlabathini, nokususa amaqabunga aphansi, ama-peduncles, izimpande ezindala.
Ngaphansi kwebhodlela sabeka amanzi, khona-ke inhlabathi. Sifaka lesi sitshalo phakathi nendawo futhi sivela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi silala nehlabathi emaqabunga aphansi. Ukunisela kwenziwa ngosuku lwesibili. Uma kwenzeka ukuxhaswa, yigcwalise. Siyaqiniseka ukuthi umlenze we-violet usemhlabathini.
Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo ngokushintshwa kwenhlabathi okuyingxenye kwenziwa ikakhulukazi ama violets amancane. Kule ndlela, kufanele ube nebhodi elikhulu. Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo nangendlela eyedlule, kuphela umhlaba onyakaziswa yilokho okuphazamisayo.
Ukutshala kabusha ngokudluliselwa kunomusa kakhulu kwisitshalo. Ukwenza lokhu, thatha ibhodlela elincane. Ukugeleza kudlulisa ungqimba encane wenhlabathi, futhi phakathi nendawo ubeka ibhodlela elidala.
Indawo ephakathi kwezimbiza ezimbozwe umhlaba futhi zithuthumela. Susa ibhodlela elidala bese ufaka i-violet nge-clod yomhlaba emngceleni. Ubuso bomhlabathi kufanele bulingane.
Ukunakekela lezi zitshalo ezinhle, uzothola injabulo enkulu nokubonga ngesimo sezulu elihle kakhulu ewindini lakho lewindi. 
