Khula Amapheya eVictoria

Amapharele e-Autumn athandwa ngenxa yempilo yawo ende eshalofini. Izithelo zaseVictoria eziqoqwe ngasekupheleni kwehlobo ngokulondolozwa okufanele zingagcina zibekwe etafuleni loNyaka oMusha. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi noma ngubani wenqabele umbono onjalo. Sizomjwayela umlimi ngezimpawu zaleli peya, izici zokulima nezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zokunakekelwa.

Incazelo yebanga

IVictoria Pear yamukelwa ngo-1973 ngabazalisi be-Institute of Irrigated Horticulture of Ukraine. Izinhlobonhlobo zabhalwa kuRejista Yombuso Yokuzala Yezwe laseRussia ngo-1993. Ihlelwe esifundeni saseNyakatho neCaucasus.

Ibanga lesikhathi sekwephuzile kokusetshenziswa ekwindla. Ukuvuthwa okususwayo kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti, impilo yeshalofu ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile yinyanga eyodwa, futhi esiqandisini inyuka iye ezinyangeni ezine.

Umuthi wokuphakama okuphakathi, kwesinye isikhathi ube mude. Umqhele uyindilinga eyindilinga, uzimele ngokulingana. Ukuthatha izithelo - ku-glove. Isikhathi sezimbali sephuzile, esisusa imiphumela elimazayo yama-frost wokubuya. Ukuvuthwa kokuqala okuhlukahlukene kusilinganiso - kuletha isivuno sokuqala ngonyaka we-6-7 ngemuva kokutshala. Isithelo, ngokusho kweVNIISPK (i-All-Russian Research Institute of Selection of Fruit Crops) neminye imithombo, iphakeme futhi ijwayelekile - ngokunakekelwa okufanele, isihlahla esidala singakhiqiza amakhilogremu amabili ezithelo ngonyaka. Ngokwerejista Yombuso, isivuno singamaphakathi.

Ukuzimela okuyingxenye kwezinhlobonhlobo. Ama-Pollinators avame ukuba yi-Williams Red ne-Vienne Triumph pears. IVictoria ithambekele ekwakhekeni kwezithelo ze-parthenocarpic.

I-Parthenocarpy (kusuka kuma-Greek parthenos - "intombi" kanye ne-karpos - izithelo; ngokwempela - "izithelo zobuntombi") - icala elikhethekile le-parthenogenesis, ukuvundiswa kwezintombi ngaphandle kokuvunda ezitshalweni, imvamisa ngokwakhiwa kwezithelo ngaphandle kwembewu.
I-Wikipedia
//ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenocarpia

I-pear Victoria inobunzima obujwayelekile besikhathi sasebusika, futhi ngokwe-VNIISPK - ephezulu. Ukubekezelela isomiso kuphakeme. Kukhona ukungatheleleki kokukhubazeka.

Izithelo zikhulu impela, zibukeka munye - 150-250 amagremu. Isimo se-fetus sibanzi-sibunjiwe ngopende, umbala uluhlaza ngombala omkhulu wamachashazi angaphansi. Isikhumba sibushelelezi, ngesikhathi sokukhula okususwayo umbala uba umbala ophuzi ngombala obanzi, okhanyayo, omfushane, obomvu. Isipuni simhlophe, sinethenda, sinomhluzi, sinamafutha, sinamakha. Ukunambitheka kuhle kakhulu, kumnandi futhi kumuncu. Amaphuzu wokunambitha - amaphuzu ayi-4,5. Izithelo ezisetshenziselwa itafula, ezinezimfanelo eziphakeme zentengiso kanye nokuhanjiswa okuhle.

Izithelo ze-pearl zaseVictoria zinesisindo esingu-150-250 amagremu

Ukutshala Amapheya eVictoria

Ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo ngokutshala i-pearl, umlimi udinga ukunquma ukuthi angamakhela yini izimo ezinhle. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khumbula ukuthi noma yiliphi eliphakathi kweglasi lidinga ilanga eliningi nokushisa, umoya omncane lapho kungekho okusalungiswa, okuvundile, kwenhlabathi ekhanyayo okunokungathathi hlangothi noma okune-acidic. Izikhukhula ezingavunyelwe neze. Indawo ekahle eningizimu noma eningizimu mpumalanga emthambekeni nge-10-20 ° C, evikelwe emimoyeni evela enyakatho noma enyakatho mpumalanga ngezihlahla ezinde, eminyene noma ezindongeni zezakhiwo. Futhi-ke, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ngabasebenza ngamapulangwe. Zifiseleka ukuthi zibe ngaphakathi kwesilinganiso samamitha ayi-50. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, angafakwa kuwo umqhele waseVictoria.

Uma iparele litshalwe esifundeni saseNyakatho yeCaucasus, lapho libekwa khona, lapho-ke usuku lokutshala lungakhethwa zombili ekwindla nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Kulokhu, kufanele kufezeke isimo esisodwa esibalulekile - isithombo kufanele siphumule lapho sitshala. Izidingo ezidingidwa yisithombo okulandelayo:

Iminyaka engu-1-2.
Uhlelo lwezimpande olwakhiwe kahle olunezimpande ezi-fibrous ngaphandle kokukhula namaqhubu.
Smooth, ngaphandle kokuqhekeka nomonakalo, amagxolo.

Uma lesi sitshalo sithengwe ekwindla, kanti nokutshala kuhlelwa intwasahlobo (lokhu kungcono kakhulu), khona-ke ebusika kuthengwa engadini noma kugcinwe ngaphansi. Izimpande ngaphambi kwalokhu kufanele zifakwe emgodini wobumba kanye nomquba omusha wenkomo.

Ebusika, izithombo zimbiwa engadini

Okulandelayo, imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokutshala i-pey:

Ukulungiselela umgodi wokufika kwenziwa okungenani amasonto angama-2-3 ngaphambi kokwehla kwekwindla. Ngokutshala entwasahlobo, kulungiswa umgodi ekwindla. Yenza kube lula:
1. Okokuqala udinga ukumba umgodi ongu-0.6-0.7 m ukujula kanye no-0.8-1.0 m ubukhulu.
2. Endabeni yenhlabathi esindayo, ungqimba lwamanzi angu-10 cm amasentimitha ubukhulu, okuhlanganisa itshe elichotshoziwe, ubumba olwandisiwe, izitini eziphukile, njll., Lubekwa phansi.
3. Ngemuva kwalokho lungiselela ingxube yezakhi, equkethe i-chernozem, i-peat, umquba kanye nesihlabathi. Lezi zingxenye zithathwa ngamanani alinganayo, engeza amagremu angama-300-500 we-superphosphate kanye namalitha ama-3-5 omlotha wokhuni.
4. Ingxube ebangelwa igcwaliswa emgodini iye phezulu bese kwesobunxele ukuze icwenge.
Ngokushesha ngaphambi kokutshala, izimpande zesithombo zimbozwe amahora angama-2-4 emanzini, lapho izengezo zokukhula zingangezwa - iKornevin, Epin, njll.
Ngaphambi kokutshala, izimpande zesithombo zifakwe emanzini amahora angama-2-4
Ibanga elifushane ukusuka enkabeni yomgodi (amasentimitha ayi-10-15), isikhonkwane sokhuni noma induku yensimbi enobude obucishe babe yimitha elilodwa kufakwa ngesando.
Ingxenye yenhlabathi isuswa emgodini ukuze kwakheke umgodi lapho izimpande zesithombo zibekwa khona ngokukhululeka.
Tshala isitshalo, usakaze izimpande ngobumnene. Ngasikhathi sinye, benza isiqiniseko sokuthi intamo yezimpande ayibonakali sengathi ayongcwatshwa - lokhu kungaholela emuva ekugayweni kwayo. Kungcono uma kuvela njengomphumela ezingeni lomhlaba. Kuyinto elula ukulawula lokhu ngebhulokhi lokhuni noma ngenduku.
Tshala i-pearl, uqonde kahle izimpande
Ngemuva kokugcwalisa umgodi, umuthi omncane uboshelwa esikhonkwaneni ngothayela noma intambo ethambile. Ungasigaxa isiqu kakhulu.
Ngemuva kokugcwalisa umgodi, umuthi omncane uboshelwe isikhonkwane ngothayela noma intambo ethambile
Ukuze uthole ukuthathwa kwenhlabathi okufika ezimpandeni, nisela umgodi ngamanzi amaningi, emva kwalokho athukulula nemboza. Ungqimba lwe-mulch kufanele lube ngamasentimitha ayi-10-15. Faka isicelo salokhu hay, sawdust ebunjiwe, umquba, njll.
Ukuqala ukwakha izihlahla zesithombo kuyenziwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, unqume umqhubi wawo ophakathi nendawo ukuphakama kwamasentimitha angama-60-80, namagatsha ebangeni elingamasentimitha angama-20-30 ukusuka esiqwini.

Izici zokutshala nobuqili bezokunakekelwa

Ngenxa yokubekezelela okukhulu kwesomiso, iVictoria Pear ayinqwabeki ekuniseleni. Kaningi, zizodingeka kuphela eminyakeni yokuqala yokuphila kwesihlahla kuze kube yilapho uhlelo lwezimpande lukhula. Kuze kube yiminyaka engu-4-5 ubudala kuzodingeka ukunisela izikhathi eziyi-8 kuya kwezi-12 ngesikhathi sokukhula, kuya ngesimo sezulu esithile. Ngobudala, inani le-ukuthambisa kwehliselwa ku-4-6, okokuqala kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, okwesibili - ngemuva kokuqhakaza. Ngenqubo yokukhula nokuvuthwa, izithelo ziniselwa ezinye izikhathi ezi-2-3. Ekwindla sekwephuzile, ukunisela ukulayisha amanzi ngaphambi kobusika kuyadingeka. Ngemuva kokunisela kokuqala, kubalulekile ukukhulula inhlabathi yeziqu nge-mulching elandelayo. Esikhathini esizayo, ukukhululeka ngeke kwenziwe, ngoba i-mulch ivimbela ukwakheka kwengqimba.

Ngemuva kokunisela, umbuthano we-trunk uyathukululwa futhi ufakwe phakathi

Ngokuqondene nokondla, eminyakeni yokuqala engama-3-4 ngeke kudingeke, ngoba lapho ukutshala emgodini ukudla okwanele kwabekwa. Futhi ngokuzayo, kuzodingeka ukwethula njalo umanyolo we-organic kanye namaminerali.

Ithebula: izinhlobo zomanyolo wamapheya, imigomo nezindlela zokusebenzisa

Umanyolo	Malini nokuthi kufakwa malini	Uyofaka nini imali
Amaminerali
I-phosphorus-equkethe (i-superphosphate, i-superphosphate ephindwe kabili, i-supegro)	Vala ungene enhlabathini ngesikhathi sokumba ama-30- 40 g / m²	Ukuwa kwesikhathi
Initrogen-equkethe (nitroammofoska, azofoska, urea, ammonium nitrate)		Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo
I-potassium-equkethe (i-potassium monophosphate, i-potassium sulfate)	I-pre-encibilikisiwe emanzini lapho inisela i-10-20 g / m²	Ukuqala kwehlobo
I-Boric acid	Fafaza ngesisombululo se-0,2 g se-asidi ku-1 litre lamanzi	Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza
Umanyolo wamaminerali oyinkimbinkimbi aqukethe izakhi zomkhondo usetshenziswa ngokuya ngezincomo ezinamathiselwe
Okuphilayo
Umquba, humus, Peat	Ibhakede elilodwa lamamitha-skwele ayi-1.5-2 ngokulinganayo lihlakazeke ngokulingene esiyingini somququ futhi lambe	Kanye njalo emva kweminyaka engama-3-4 entwasahlobo noma ekwindla
Ukugqokwa okugqokile okugqokile okuphezulu	Okokuqala, lungiselela ukumfaka okugxilile kwamalitha amabili ama-mullein kumalitha ayishumi amanzi (faka izinsuku ezingama-7-10). Ngemuva kwalokho ihlanjululwe ngamanzi ngesilinganiso esingu-1 kuya ku-10 futhi waphuzisa isihlahla ngesilinganiso sebhakede elilodwa nge-1 m² indilinga yesiqu.	Ngesikhathi sokukhula nokuvuthwa kwezithelo amahlandla ama-2-3 ngesikhawu samasonto angama-2-3

Ekhoneni elisekude le engadini, ngihlala nginezimbotshana zensimbi ezingama-50. Lapho ngilahla ukhula, iziqongo, amakhasi amazambane, njll. Ngithela amanzi afudumele bese ngihamba isonto elilodwa kuya kwamabili. Inqubo yokuvutshelwa ikhiqiza umanyolo omuhle we-organic. Ngemuva kwalokho ngikhetha usuku lapho kungekho omakhelwane ezweni, futhi ngiqala ukufaka umanyolo konke kulandelana - izihlahla, izihlahlana, izitshalo zasengadini. Ukuze ngikwenze lokhu, ngithatha ilitha lokufakwa okugxile bese ngilifaka emgqonyeni wamanzi. Nginisela ekubalweni ibhakede linye nge-1 m². Vele, ubumnandi abumnandi, ngoba iphunga linamandla futhi lijiyile. Kepha umphumela ukufanele, ikakhulukazi njengoba Umanyolo onjalo ungamahhala. Nokho, ngakusasa iphunga liyanyamalala.

Ukuthena kwethanga

Ukwenza izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamaparele okuthena kuyisinyathelo esidingekayo ekunakekelweni kwezihlahla. Iningi lazo zenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuqala kokugeleza kokuncipha, lapho usongo lokuqandelwa yiqhwa elinamandla (ngaphansi kuka -10-15 ° C) seludlulile.

Ukwakhiwa komqhele

IVictoria eliphakathi nendawo, inesihlahla sokukhula okuphakathi, ukwakheka kwe-sparse-tiered kanye nenkomishi eyenziwe-yemukelekile.

Ngokubona kwami, ukwakheka kwesitsha esithuthukisiwe kwakha izimo ezingcono kakhulu zokunakekelwa kwezihlahla, futhi kulula ukuvuna. Engadini yami, ngisebenzisa ukwakheka okunjalo hhayi ngamapharele kuphela, kodwa futhi nama-plums, ama-cherries kanye nama-plums e-cherry. Kunezinto ezimbili eziphazamisayo kuyo. Okokuqala, esimweni sesitshalo esikhulu, amagatsha agobeka kakhulu, acishe aze afinyelele emhlabathini. Ukuze zingaphuli, kufanele uhlelele okokugcina okwesikhashana. Okwesibili - amahlumela amaningi ngokweqile, akhiwa, kufanele anqunywe minyaka yonke. Kepha ngokuvamile, ngikholwa ukuthi ukwakheka okunjalo kulunge kakhudlwana, ikakhulukazi kubalimi asebekhulile, ngoba akudingeki usebenzise isitebhisi ukuqoqa izithelo.

Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo sichaza ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zindlela zombili.

Ukuze unikeze umqhele ifomu le-sparse-tier, kufanele wenze ngokulandelayo:

Entwasahlobo yokuqala yonyaka wesibili noma wesithathu ngemuva kokutshala, kukhiwa ihlathi lokuqala lamagatsha lwamathambo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha amahlumela afanelekile angama-2-3 atholwe ebangeni lamasentimitha angama-20-25 ukusuka komunye nomunye. Zinqunywa kubude obungamasentimitha angama-25- 40.
Onke amanye amagatsha asikwa "ayindandatho."
Umqhubi osenkabeni unqunywa ngamasentimitha angama-20-30 ngenhla kwegatsha eliphezulu.
Ngentwasahlobo elandelayo, isiqu sesibili samagatsha lwamathambo sakhiwa ngokufanayo.
Futhi emva kweminyaka engu-1-2, udinga ukwakha ihlombe lesithathu.
Ngasikhathi sinye, amagatsha ama-1-2 e-oda lesibili akhiwa emagatsheni anohlaka lwamathambo, afinqiwe kuze kube amasentimitha angama-20-30.
Ukwenziwa kuqedwa ngokunciphisa umqhubi ophakathi nendawo ngaphezulu kwesisekelo segatsha elingaphezulu.
Ukwakhiwa komqhele we-sparse-tier kuthatha iminyaka eyi-4-6

Ukwenza uhlobo lwesitsha kulula ukwenza. Ukulandelana kulandelana okulandelayo:

Isinyathelo esilandelayo sibuye sikhethe amagatsha e-skeletal esizayo ngenani lezicucu ezi-3-4, ezitholakala ngokuphumula kwamasentimitha ayi-15-20. Zishunqulwa futhi zibe ngamasentimitha angama-25- 40, futhi amagatsha asele anqunywe ngokuphelele.
Kepha isinyathelo sesibili ukusika okuqhuba okuphakathi ngenhla kwesisekelo segatsha elingaphezulu - akusafuneki.
Ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-1-2, amagatsha ama-1-2 e-oda lesibili akhethwa kumagatsha wamathambo, futhi bonke abanye bayanqunywa.
Ngokuzayo, kuqinisekiswa ukuthi amagatsha anamathambo athuthukisa ngokuvumelanayo, ukuvikela noma yimuphi wawo ekuthatheni indima yomqhubi ophakathi nendawo. Futhi njalo ngonyaka yenza ukuthenwa okulawulwayo ngokususa ingxenye yamahlumela akhula ngaphakathi komqhele futhi awugqinsi.
Umqhele owenziwe ngesondo ukuze unakekelwe kalula

Ngokuqala kwezithelo, baqala ukwenza ukwakheka kwezithelo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ngonyaka, ekuqaleni, finyeza amahlumela wokufaka esikhundleni, bese amahlumela waminyaka yonke asuse amagatsha athela izithelo. Lesi simiso saziwa kakhulu ngabathengisi bewayini - yile ndlela abasika ngayo amagilebhisi.

Ukwakheka kwezithelo zezithelo zeparele kwenziwa ngonyaka entwasahlobo.

Ividiyo: ithini lamapheya entwasahlobo

Crop Support

Ukuze ulondoloze izinga eliphakeme elizinzileyo le-fruiting, kuyadingeka ehlobo phakathi nesikhathi lapho ukukhula kwamahlumela amancane kuqhutshelwa ngokushesha okukhulu, kubanqume nge-secateurs ngamasentimitha ayi-5-10. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10- 10, izinso zokulala ziyovuswa phezu kwazo, ezizonikeza amagatsha amasha amahle - amagilavu nomkhonto. Kungakho lapho kwakhiwa khona iziqunjelwa zezithelo, okuyisidingo sokuqala sokuvunwa konyaka olandelayo.

Izihlahla zokuhlanzeka

Mhlawumbe futhi umlimi ongenalwazi kakhulu uyazi ngalokhu kuthenwa, ngakho-ke ngeke sihlale kukho. Sikhumbula nje ukuthi ngokuqaliswa kwalo ekwindla sekwephuzile, wonke amagatsha omile, anesifo futhi alimala ayasikwa. Futhi lokhu kuthenwa kwesinye isikhathi kufanele kuphindwe kwentwasahlobo yokuqala uma ebusika amahlumela athile eqandisiwe noma ephukile ngaphansi kwesisindo seqhwa.

Imithetho Yokuqothula

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuthenwa kokuhlinzwa ngukuhlinzwa ngokuhlinzwa futhi indlela yokuya kuyo kufanelekile. Uma kwenziwa ngokungqubuzana nezidingo, khona-ke isihlahla singalimala, kwesinye isikhathi esibalulekile. Ngakho-ke, izidingo zimi ngalendlela elandelayo:

Ithuluzi lokusika kumele liqonde futhi liqiniswe.
Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, ithuluzi kufanele liphathwe nge-antiseptic - 3% solution ye-sulfate yethusi, isisombululo esingu-3% se-hydrogen peroxide, utshwala, njll. Ungasebenzisi uphethiloli, uphethiloli, i-solvent, njll.
Ukusika wonke amagatsha, sebenzisa indlela “yendandatho”.
Ukusika wonke amagatsha, sebenzisa inqubo “ekhondweni”
Amagatsha amakhulu asikiwe abe yizicucu.
Ingaphezulu lokusikeka elinobubanzi obungaphezu kuka-10-15 mm lihlanzwa ngommese bese limbozwa ngesendlalelo esilinganiselwe seveni engadi.

Izifo Nezinambuzane

IVictoria ithintwa yizifo ezifanayo kanye nezinambuzane njengamanye amapere. Ngakho-ke, ngeke sigcine ngalolu daba ngokuningiliziwe bese sazisa ngokufushane umlimi kubamele abaphambili, izindlela zokuvimbela, ukwelashwa nokulawula.

Ithebula: ezinye izifo zeparele

Lesi sifo	Izimpawu	Ukwelashwa	Ukuvimbela
I-Seporia (ibala elimhlophe)	Entwasahlobo, kuvela amabala amancanyana amaqabunga. Maphakathi nehlobo, zikhula kancane, imibala yazo iba nsundu noma ibe nsundu. Ihamba isomile bese iwa.	I-fungus Horus isetshenziswa ekuqaleni kwesikhashana, ehlobo basebenzisa iSkor neStrobi	Ukuqoqwa kanye nokubhujiswa kwamaqabunga awile, kusetshenzwe ngo-Okthoba nasekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli ngesisombululo se-3% se-sulfate yethusi noma se-Bordeaux.
I-Moniliosis (ukushiswa kwezwe, ukushiswa kwezithelo)	Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, ukutheleleka kwenzeka ngezinyosi nezinye izinambuzane. Izimbali ezimangele, amahlumela namaqabunga aqothuka futhi abe mnyama. Ngesikhathi sokukhula nokuvuthwa, izithelo zithinteka ngokubola okungwevu.	Izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo ziyasuswa futhi zichithwe. Amahlumela athenwe, athumba amasentimitha angama-20-30 wokhuni olunempilo. Ngemuva kwalokhu, ama-fungicides afafazwa.
I-Soot fungus	Imvamisa ivela ehlobo ngemuva kokuthi i-pear ihlaselwe yi-aphid noma amachilo wezinyosi. Ukudla ubumfihlo bazo obumnandi (amazolo oju), ukhunta lufihla ukumbumbuluzwa ngendlela yokumbozwa okumpunga ngamaqabunga nezithelo. Kamuva, lolu luhlaza lube mnyama bese luba njengosizi.	Ukuhlanganiswa kugezwa ngomfula oqinile wamanzi we-hose. Ngemuva kokuba amaqabunga esomile, aphathwa ngama-fungicides.	Ukuvimbela lokhu ukhunta ukuvimbela ukulimala kwesihlahla ngama-aphid ne-tinnitus
Ukugqwala	Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza noma emva kokuqhakaza, kuvela amabala acashile aluhlaza okotshani. Maphakathi nehlobo, zithola umbala ogqamile, ogqamile osawolintshi. Ngasohlangothini lweqabunga, kukhula izingono lapho kutholakala izinsalela zesikhunta.	Amaqabunga athintekile, uma kunokwenzeka, ayadatshulwa futhi abhujiswe. Umqhele uphathwa nge-fungicides Skor, Strobi, Abiga-Peak.	Uma kungenzeka, ukutshalwa kwethanga kugwenywa eduze kwamahlathi wejuniper, angumthombo wezinhlamvu ze-pathogen.

Igalari Yezithombe: Izimpawu Zesifo Sama pear

: Ngenxa ye-septroiosis, amaqabunga ayoma aqhume.

: Ukushiswa kweMonali kulimaza izimbali zeparele, amaqabunga kanye namahlumela

: Ehlobo, i-moniliosis ithinta izithelo ngokubola okungwevu

: Ukwembiwa kwesikhunta soot kubukeka ngathi ukugoqa okufana nosizi

: Ukugqwala ngamaqabunga epheya kwenzeka eduze kwejuniper

Ithebula: izinambuzane eziphambili zeparele

Inambuzane	Izimpawu zokwehlula	Yilwa	Ukuvimbela
Ama-aphid	Amahlamvu agoqwa abe yishubhu, ngaphakathi ungabona ama-aphid ngombala omnyama, oluhlaza okotshani, ophuzi neminye imibala. Futhi kungabonakala emaphethelweni amahlumela amasha.	Hlukana namaqabunga asontekile nemikhawulo yezithombo, hlamba izinambuzane ngomfudlana oqinile wamanzi. Ngemuva kwalokho, baphathwa ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane: i-Decis, Fitoverm, Spark.	Ukuhlelwa kwamabhande okuzingela. Vimbela izintuthwane ukuthi zingangeni emqheleni, ophethe ama-aphid lapho. Iziqu zembobo emhlophe enesisombululo se-lime esisikiwe nge-1% sulfate yethusi.
Ameva ePearl	Isinambuzane esincane esingamamilimitha amathathu ubude, esikwazi ukundiza nokugxuma, sidla ujusi kusuka ku-efihlekile, izimbali, amaqabunga amasha kanye namahlumela, ngenxa yalokho awela. Izithelo ziqina, ziba mncane futhi zibe ngamatshe.	Izinambuzane ziyageza ngejet elinamandla lamanzi. UCrohn welashwa ngama-insecticides. Ngaphambi kokuqhakaza, sebenzisa i-Commander, ngemuva kokuqhakaza izimbali - Fitoverm, Iskra-Bio.	Ukulima Autumn noma ukugaya inhlabathi. Ukuqoqwa kanye nokubhujiswa nokhula namaqabunga awileyo. Ukokuqala ukwelashwa komqhele wasentwasahlobo nge-universal herbicides DNOC, Nitrafen.
Bhungane	Ubhungane bokubulala ubusika ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zenhlabathi bukhuphukela emqheleni ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Izimbali zezinambuzane zezimbali zingena ngaphakathi kwezimbali futhi zizidle.	Ukuqoqwa kwemishini ngamabhungane ngokuwanyakazisa kusuka kumagatsha kuya endwangu eyeluliwe. Ukwelashwa ngoNitrafen, uDecis, uFufanon.	Ukumba Autumn kwenhlabathi, ukufakwa kwamabhande okuzingela, ukwelashwa ngama-insecticides
Pearl sawfly	Uvemvane lwalesi sinambuzane futhi hibernates ku cocoons enhlabathini. Indiza yakhe iqala ngoJuni. Iza amaqanda ayo emaqabungeni. Amacimbi ahlwabusayo angena ngokushesha ezithelweni nasezinhlinini zembewu.	Ungalwa kuphela butterflies ngesikhathi sendiza ngokwelapha ngama-insecticides. Amakhethini awalwelwa.

Igalari yezithombe: zibukeka kanjani izinambuzane eziphambili zeparele

: Amahlamvu athinteka yi-aphid awela otshanini

: I-Tortellaria idla ujusi wamahlamvu, izimbali, amaqabunga

: Izinsikazi zezinyosi ezidla insikazi zibulala amaqanda

: Isibungu sezibhungane zesinaphi imbewu yezithelo ezisencane

Ukubuyekezwa Kwebanga

IVictoria
Manje ngingedwa. Kufakwa kuwo umqhele ezihlahleni eziningana. Ukuqhakambisa kungakhanyi, kutholile izithelo zokuqala ngemuva kweminyaka emi-5 ngonyaka ka-2013. Ngalesi sikhathi, akakaze aqandeke, isikhumba asithinteki. Iqhakaza sekwephuzile, okubuye kube yinhlanganisela enkulu kimi (uzungu endaweni ephansi, ngenxa yalokho ihlala iqhuma entwasahlobo). Ukunambitheka kwezithelo kuhamba kahle, kungikhumbuza uKintappa's Favorite. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izithelo zingahlala esihlahleni kuze kube mhlaka 20 Septhemba (azange bahlole isikhathi eside, bazidlile) ngaphandle kokuthambisa, yize ukuvuthwa kokuvuthwa kwenzeka ekupheleni kuka-Agasti.
I-Roman83, i-Belarus, i-Brest esifundeni
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=10571

Umlayezo ovela ku-Roman83
Izinhlobonhlobo zasehlobo, ezifuywa e-Institute of Irrigated Horticulture UAAS. Umuthi uphakathi nendawo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izithelo zingahlala esihlahleni kuze kube mhlaka 20 Septhemba (azange bahlole isikhathi eside, badla) ngaphandle kokuthambisa, yize ukuvuthwa kokuvuthwa kwenzeka ekupheleni kuka-Agasti.
IVictoria sekukhule cishe iminyaka engama-20. Lesi sici sezinhlobonhlobo sivame ukuvumelana. Lapha kuphela ngamandla okukhula - isihlahla asisincane, kepha sikhula ngokuqinile. Futhi yize izithelo zingahlala emthini isikhathi esithile ngemuva kokufinyelela ekuvuthweni okuvuthiwe, kusengcono ukuzikhetha lapho zifinyelela ukuvuthwa okuvuthiwe futhi kuvuthwe sekuvele kuthathwe.
Ozithobayo, u-Andrey Balabanov.
I-Andrey B., esifundeni saseDonetsk, e-Ukraine
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=10571

Victoria, sengibelethe isihlahla esincane iminyaka engama-40 (mhlawumbe sisuka enhlabathini? Umhlaba omnyama ngodaka) ngivumelana ngo-Agasti 20-30 (kodwa hhayi ngo-Septhemba 20).
I-Shepetivka, isifunda saseKhmelnitsky, e-Ukraine
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=10571

Esimweni sami sezulu esingo-Agasti 20, ungadla umdanso kaKlapp, kanti uVictoria “angaba nezando ngezipikili” ngalesi sikhathi. Noma isuswe ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba, yayithambisa ezinsukwini ezingama-7-10.
I-Roman83, i-Belarus, i-Brest esifundeni
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=10571

Izinhlobonhlobo zamaparele waseVictoria ziyathakazelisa ikakhulukazi kubalimi ezindaweni eziseningizimu. Kepha kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ungayikhulisa ngisho naseBelarus. Phakathi kwezinzuzo ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, isikhathi sokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, ukukhiqizwa, ukumelana nesibanda nesomiso, hardness yasebusika. Lezi zimfanelo zenza ukwehlukahluka okuthengiswayo futhi kuphephe ukukuncoma kubalimi nabalimi.