I-Currant iyisitrub esingafinyelela ku-2.5m ukuphakama. Amaqabunga e-Currant anamazinyo amakhulu eceleni, amajikijolo afinyelela ku-1 cm ububanzi futhi abe nephunga elinamandla elimangalisayo. I-currants ingakhula emthunzini, kodwa indawo enhle kakhulu iyoba inhlabathi endaweni enelanga, ekhanyayo.
I-Currant amajikijolo aqukethe amavithamini amaningi, ama-acids aphilayo, ama-micro-kanye nama-macro. Ukusetshenziswa kwalo kuyasiza ezifweni eziningi zabantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, hhayi amajikijolo kuphela, kodwa futhi amaqabunga currant nezimbali zalo zisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa.
Kubalulekile ukunakekela izihlahla ze-currant, njengoba zijwayele izifo ezithile futhi zingakwazi ukuhlasela izilokazane ezinambuzane. Umsebenzi womlimi wensimu ukuhlolisisa isifo sezihlahla ngesikhathi futhi ngokunembile, ukuze uyiphulukise. Kukhona nezinyathelo zokuvimbela, ezibandakanya ukwelashwa okuvimbela, ukunakekelwa okufanele nokuqala ukutshala okufanele.
Uma ukuvimbela kungenziwanga, noma kwakungasebenzi, izihlahla ze-currant zingagula izifo. I-currant inezifo ezihlukene, ngayinye yazo inezici zayo kanye nezinyathelo zokunqoba.
Fungal
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezifo ze-currant. Uhlobo olulodwa lwesifo se-currant yisifo se-fungal.
Uyazi? Ukuze i-currants ebomvu, emnyama neyomhlophe, izifo zibonakaliswe futhi ziphathwa ngokulinganayo. Kodwa ezinye izinhlobo ze-currants zitholakala kalula ezifweni ezithile.
Izifo ze-fungal ze-currant ebomvu, i-currant ebomvu neyomhlophe, zikhona: i-powdery isikhutha, i-anthracnose, indawo emhlophe, i-glass rust, i-columnar rust, ukuma kwamahlumela, isikhunta esiyimfutho.
Idonsa likaMealy
Uma i-currant engavamile igcwele i-currant, lokhu kubonisa isifo esifana ne-European or American powdery isikhutha. I-plaque elimhlophe nelingenakunyakaziswa livela emaqabunga amancane, iya kumajikijolo namaqabunga endala. Igama lesibili lesi sifo ngumtapo wezincwadi.
Ukwelashwa: uma i-powdery isikhutha sibonakala ku-currants, kubalulekile ukuthatha izinyathelo zokulawula ezifana nokupuniza nge-solution ye-phytosporin noma i-iodine.
Isixazululo se-iodine senziwa ngokulingana nebhokisi elilodwa le-iodine ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Uma kunesidingo, ukupuniza esinye sezixazululo kungabuyekezwa emva kwezinsuku ezintathu. Kodwa uma lezi zenzo zinganiki umphumela oyifunayo, kuzodingeka ufeze isihlahla ngesisombululo se-copper sulfate, i-oxychloride yethusi (1 ithisipuni ngamalitha angu-7 amanzi) noma isisombululo se-Bordeaux liquid.
Kusukela ezindleleni ezidumile, isikhumba esimhlophe se-powdery ku-currants sinento yokuphatha. Isisombululo soda ash kanye nesasense yokuhlanza isetshenziswa: I-50 g ye-soda kanye ne-50 g insipho ihlanjululwa ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. I-bleach, ehlanjululwe ngesilinganiso sama-tablespoons angu-1-2 ibhakede ngalinye lamanzi, iphinde iphumelele.
I-Anthracnose
Amabala anombala obomvu emaqabunga e-currant, avela maphakathi nehlobo, akhombisa isifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-anthracnose. Lezi zindawo zinamaphesenti angu-1 mm ububanzi, okwenyuka kancane kancane futhi zimboze lonke ishidi. I-Anthracnose ihlaselwa kanye namaqabunga amaqabunga, ukuze amaqabunga aphenduke abomvu, aphume bese eqala ukuwa engxenyeni engezansi yehlathi. Ngokuvamile lolu hlobo lwe-fungal luvela enkathini yemvula.
I-susctible kakhulu ye-anthracnose i-currant ebomvu. Lesi sifo singakwazi ukudlula emaqabunga awile, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukususa amaqabunga okugcina entwasahlobo angaphansi kwezihlahla.
Nge-currant anthracnose, ukwelashwa kufanele kuqale ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuze wenze lokhu, phatha isihlahla se-currant ngesisombululo se-Bordeaux uketshezi ku-100 g ngamalitha ayishumi amanzi. Emva kokuvuna, ukwelashwa kabusha kuyadingeka.
Indawo emhlophe
Isifo se-white currant, noma se-septoria, sithinta kakhulu amaqabunga. Ngokubukeka, kubukeka kanje: amaqabunga ahlanganiswe ngamachashazi angama-round noma angular nge-diameter ka 2-3 mm. Lezi zindawo ekuqaleni zibomvu, bese ziba mhlophe ngomngcele omnyama omnyama.
Ngokuvamile ezinye izinhlobo zalesi sifo zihlushwa yi-black currant. Izihlahla nge-septoriosis ngaphambi kwesikhathi zilahlekelwa amaqabunga azo, zikhule kahle futhi zinike isivuno esibi. Umthombo wokutheleleka unamagatsha awela phansi.
Ukwelashwa: uphefa ngesihlahla se-phytosporin. Amaqabunga awile ukuqoqa nokushisa ukuvimbela ukutheleleka okwengeziwe. Ukuze uvimbele ukubonakala kwendawo emhlophe, ekudleni udinga ukwenza izinto ezifana nalezi zethusi, ama-manganese, i-boron, i-zinc.
Ukugqwala kweglasi
Ngokuvamile kunesinye isifo se-fungal of currants - i-scaly rust. Ibukeka njengama-bubbles obomvu obomvu kumagqabi e-currant. Izinhlamvu ze-fungal zilethwa umoya ovela ezihlahleni ezikhula eduze. Futhi indawo enhle yokuthuthukisa ingilazi yeglasi ingumswakama ophezulu. Emaqabunga asehlathini abathintekile aphenduka aphuzi, awela phansi, njengamajikijolo.
Indlela yokuphulukisa ama-currants, abathintekayo indebe yokugqwala - ukubamba uchungechunge lwezipuni zehlathi. Isetshenziswe i-1% ye-Bordeaux liquid, ehlanjululwa nge-currant ehlathini izikhathi ezintathu: lapho amaqabunga eqhakaza, izimbali ziqala futhi ngokushesha ngemva kokuqhakaza.
Okwesibili uketshezi ukuphuza ukusebenzisa ukumiswa okungu-0.4% we-80% Kuprozan no-1% wesibabule kololwesidi ngesilinganiso sika 3-4 kg / ha. Ukufafaza kwenziwa nalesi sigaba izikhathi ezine: ngaphambi kokusila, emva kokusila, izinsuku ezingu-12 kamuva nangemva kokuvuna.
Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka yi-fungus, i-sedge ekhulayo eceleni kufanele ibhujiswe. Ekubeni, udinga ukukhipha uphinde ushise amaqabunga, uma izimpumputhe ezibomvu ze-orange zibonwa emaqabunga e-currant.
I-rust colustar
Ngokungafani nokugqwala kwengilazi, ukugqwala kwe-columnar kudluliselwa emithini ye-coniferous. Ikakhulukazi kusuka kule fungus ihlushwa i-blackcurrant.
Kukhona i-collar rust ne-speck yellow encane emaqabunga ehlathini. Amapayipi e-Orange abonakala ngaphansi kweshidi. Lesi sifo sinengozi ngoba amaqabunga awela ngaphambi kwesikhathi, amahlumela akhula kakhulu futhi ukuqina kwesibhakabhaka kulahlekile.
Ukwelashwa: fafaza amahlumela ngaphambi kokuba ama-sheets avele, ngemuva kokusila, emva kokukhetha amajikijolo ngo-1% we-Bordeaux liquid. Inqubo yenziwa ngamabhasi akhaliwe. Uma sekukhonjisiwe izimpawu ze-rustar rust, i-shrub ingaphathwa nge-phytosporin. Amaqabunga ekwindla anezihlahla ezikhulayo kufanele ashiswe noma afakwe emhlabathini.
Amahlumela ashisa
I-currants ebomvu neyomhlophe yiyona eyingozi kunazo zonke amahlumela abomile. Igama likhuluma ngokwalo - uma lesi sifo sitshela futhi amagatsha abuna futhi afe. Ukwelashwa kufanele kuqale ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kulondolozwe isihlahla kanye nesitshalo esingakunika.
Lesi sifo sinokubonakala kwamachashazi amancane e-orange emagatsheni. Kungenzeka ukuthi ayibonakali kakhulu, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bayanda futhi bakhule zibe ama-bumps brown-brown. Ngemuva kokuvuthwa kwe-spore, ama-tubercles abe mnyama.
Ukwelashwa: Amagatsha abathintekile kumele ahlanjululwe futhi atshiswe, okuzokwenza ukuthi ungasindiswa. Izigaba ezinqunywe ziphathwa nge-1% ye-Bordeaux liquid futhi ihlanganiswe ne-pitch pitch.
Grey ukubola
Amasiko amaningi athola isikhunta esibucayi. Lendlala emoyeni nasemvula evela emagatsheni anesifo kanye nezithelo ezimisiwe. Inokubonakala kwamabala aluhlaza emaqabunga. Futhi phezu kwezihlahla ze-currant kubonakala isikhunta isikhunta. I-currant e-white iyona engathinteka kakhulu kunesikhunta esijulile.
Ukwelashwa: Ukubola okumpunga kufanele kulwa ngokususa amahlamvu, amahlumela kanye nezithelo eziphethwe, okufanele zibhujiswe ngaleso sikhathi. Ukuze ugweme ukutholakala kwalesi sifo se-currant, udinga ukubhubhisa ukhula, ukugcina umbuso wamanzi kanye nendlela yokudla.
Viral
Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezinama-currants zinobungozi ngaphezu kwe-fungal. Ngokuvamile ziholela ekufeni kwehlathi. Igciwane alinakususwa esitshalweni. Izifo ezivamile ze-currant nezifo zabo zichazwe ngezansi.
Kubalulekile! Uma isihlahla se-currant sigula nge-terry noma imidwebo emifushane, isihlahla kumele sichithwe ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwezitshalo eziseduze.
Terry noma ukubuyela emuva
I-Terry noma ukubuyela emuva kubangelwa ukuhlunga kwezitshalo. Lesi yisifo esibi kunazo zonke esihlahleni se-blackcurrant. Bahlushwa zonke izinhlobo ze-currants, kodwa kaningi abamnyama.
I-Terry ibonakala ngesikhathi sezimbali ngehlobo lamaqabunga nezimpondo. Amaqabunga ayenawo amahlanu, kodwa ama-lobes amathathu, amathiphu akhonjisiwe futhi ahlanganiswe. Ngasemaphethelweni wephepha, amazinyo ayedlula futhi aphezulu kunokujwayelekile. Izindwangu zincinci futhi zincinci, i-lamina iyancipha. Amahlamvu anombala omnyama. Iphunga le-currants alizwa.
Ku-shrub elinegciwane lesandulela ngculaza sekupheleni kwesonto, ama-inflorescences amancane, amancane futhi ahlangene. Umbala we-inflorescences unobumba obungcolile, futhi kungenzeka ube obuluhlaza. Amajikijolo awahlanganisiwe, amaqabunga aphelile.
Ayikho ikhambi esihlahleni se-terry, kufanele sisuswe. Ngisho noma ukudubula okulodwa kuphela, kufanele ususe sonke isitshalo. Isihlahla kumele sishiswe.
Umdwebo oqoshiwe
Imidwebo emifushane isakazwa yi-aphid kanye nezibungu, ukuxhunyezwa ukusika ukugula kwi-shrub enempilo. Futhi, uma usika izihlahla ezigulayo futhi ezinempilo ngethuluzi elilodwa ngaphandle kokulisusa i-disinfecting it, lesi sifo singakwazi ukubekezelela.
Esitshalweni esibulalayo, amaqabunga avela azungeze imifudlana emikhulu yombala ophuzi okhanyayo. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenzeka ekuqaleni kukaJune.
Njengoba izifo ezithathelwanayo ze-currant zingaphathwa, isihlahla esithinteka ngombhalo omude kufanele siphume ngokuphelele futhi sishiswe.
Kubalulekile! Uma i-currant ensimini yayigula ngesifo segciwane, awufanele utshale isihlahla esisha esikhundleni sehlathi eligulayo. ngesikhathinjengobaubuncaneIminyaka emihlanu.
Ukuvimbela isifo se-currant
Abalimi kufanele bazi ukuthi bangaphonsa kanjani ama-currants entwasahlobo ukuvimbela izifo ezihlukahlukene. Isidakamizwa esiqinisekisiwe "i-Zircon", isishafaza esenziwa entwasahlobo futhi esingaphenduka ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti.
Ukuphalaza ekwindla kunika nemiphumela emihle. Kubalulekile ukwenza isisombululo se-urea ngesilinganiso sama-700 g ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi, asetshenziselwa ukuphatha zonke izihlahla kanye nenhlabathi ngaphansi kwazo. Ukucubungula okunjalo kufanele kubulawe ezinambuzane ezinamaqabunga ezigelezayo kanye nezinhlamvu ze-fungal. Ngo-Ephreli, ukuvimbela okunjalo kungabuyekezwa.
Uyazi? Entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba ihlumela liqhume, kodwa uma kungekho usongo lweqhwa elikhulu, isihlahla se-currant singathululelwa ngamanzi abilayo. I-soda noma i-potassium permanganate ingaqedwa ngamanzi abilayo. Ukwelashwa okunjalo kusiza kahle ngokumelene nezifo ze-fungal futhi kusiza ezilwaneni zesicabucabu.
Kanti futhi, izinyathelo zokuvimbela izifo ze-currants zifaka izincomo zokubheka indawo ezitshala izifo ezingasakazwa ngazo. Ukushisa amahlumela afana negciwane, kuhlanganise nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukutheleleka kabusha ngeke kwenzeke ngemuva kokwelashwa kwesihlahla.
Ukuvimbela izifo ezithathelwanayo ze-currants ukwelashwa kwensimu kusuka emithini yezinambuzane nama-aphid athatha izifo. Futhi, kudingeka ukhethe ngokucophelela ukutshala izinto.
