Izitshalo zokudla

Indlela yokusebenzisa urea

Bonke ama-agrarians, bobabili abanolwazi kanye novice, bayazi mayelana ne-urea (carbamide). Lokhu kuyimanyolo eguquguqukayo futhi ephumelelayo kakhulu engadini. Namuhla sizotshela: yikuphi urea, mayelana nemithetho yokusebenzisa njengomanyolo, nokuthi ungabhekana kanjani nezibulala-zinambuzane ensimini nge-urea.

Kuyini urea

Urea (urea) - i-nitrojeni Umanyolo emaqeleni, okusetshenziswa kabanzi ekulimeni nasekulimeni, ngaphezu kwalokho, ayabizi futhi angabizi.

Uma usebenzisa umthamo ofanele we-urea njengomanyolo wesitshalo esithile, lesi sitshalo sizokhula kahle, sithuthukise futhi sithele izithelo eziningi.

I-Urea ngendlela ehlanzekile - ama-granules amhlophe noma amhlophe, futhi ncamashi ukuthi ikhiqizwa ngamagranules, ayivumeli ukuba igqoke ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcina. (NH2)2I-CO yi-formula yemakhemikhali ye-urea, lapho cishe isigamu, okungukuthi u-46% wengqikithi, i-nitrogen.

Uyazi? E927b - ukwesekwa kokudla yi-urea, okusetshenziselwa ekwakheni i-chewing gum.
I-Urea ichitheka ezindaweni eziningi ezithandwayo, kuhlanganise namanzi ajwayelekile, okwenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa kokubili ifomu elihlanzekile (ngama-granules) nangendlela yesisombululo esinamandla sokuhlushwa okufunayo.

Kubalulekile! I-Urea kufanele ivikeleke ngokucophelela emanzini ngesikhathi sokugcina, njengoba inomsoco kakhulu.

Izimpawu zokuntuleka kwe-nitrogen ezitshalweni

Emhlabathini ovulekile, izithombo zithinteka yizici ezihlukahlukene, noma ngabe ziqinile endaweni yesithombo. Uma kungekho nitrogen enganele emhlabathini, ngokuqinisekile uzobona lokhu ezitshalweni, ngokusho kwezici ezithile:

  • Ukukhula okuncane kakhulu, okucindezelekile kwezitshalo.
  • Amahlumela amancane, amancane futhi amancane emithi nezihlahla.
  • Amahlamvu ezitshalweni amancane futhi alula, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (aphuzi) enombala, noma ngisho nokukhanya okonakalayo. Ukuze izitshalo ezingenayo i-nitrogen, amaqabunga angase awele kakhulu kakhulu.
  • Amaqabunga ezimbali azange athuthuke futhi abuthakathaka, amancane kakhulu kunalokho okufanele ayenjalo, ngokulandelana, isitshalo siphuthuma kabi.
Kubalulekile! Ukwandisa i-nitrogen ezitshalweni nakho kuyingozi kakhulu, kungahle kuguqulwe ibe yi-nitrate, futhi ukwandisa ama-nitrogen fertilizer emhlabathini kuholela ekukhuleni okujulile kwezitshalo ngokubunjwa kwamahlathi amaningi, kepha ukuhlushwa kwemithi kunzima.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-urea njengomanyolo

I-Urea ifanelekile kuwo wonke amagama kanye nezindlela zokusebenzisa (ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela, ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, ngesikhathi sokukhula kwezitshalo, ukondla ama-foliar ngaphambi kwe-ovari yezithelo).

I-Urea isetshenziselwa umanyolo omkhulu ngaphambi kokutshala kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemhlabathi kanye nokudla imifino, izithoko zokuhlobisa nezithelo. Ingasetshenziswa futhi ezindaweni ezivikelekile zasemhlabathini.

Iqiniso elithakazelisayo! Igama leqembu le-Amkar lebhola lezemidlalo elisuka ku-Perm yisifinyezo samakhemikhali amabili, i-ammonia ne-carbamide.

Umsuka wokugqoka

Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa kwezimpande zezitshalo nge-urea kusho ukuthi uqaliswa emhlabathini ngokungenasici, ngokufaka okunye okujulile ekujuleni okukhulu.

Ukuhlakaza i-carbamide granules ngesikhathi semvula ngeke kwenze okuhle kakhulu.Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwendawo - isisombululo esenziwe ngaphambilini se-urea sezitshalo zensimu ngamanzi okuchelela angathululeka ngokuseduze ezinkampeni.

I-strawberries, ukhukhamba, utamatisi, iklabishi, ikhambi lenziwa ngama-20-30 g we-urea ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi, i-gooseberries -10 g ka-urea ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi, kanye ne-currants -20 g werea ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi.

Indlela yesibili isetshenziselwa - ukumba izimbobo noma izimbiza ezincane lapho izigulane ze-urea ziphonswa khona, zithululwa phezu kwazo futhi zithululwa phezu kwamanzi. Okukhethwa kukho kokuqala kungcono ukusebenzisa esimweni sezulu esomile, kanti okwesibili - ekuvuleni. Ukuze izitshalo zitshalo, i-carbamide yengezwe ngokwendlela yokuhlobisa imiqhele yabo.

Izihlahla ze-Apple zinconywa ukuba zinikeze ku-200 g umquba womuthi ngamunye, futhi ama cherry nama-plums angama-140 g kuphela.

Kubalulekile! Uma izihlahla zisencane futhi zingapheli izithelo, ke inani le-urea kufanele libe nesigamu, futhi uma kusetshenziswe i-organic, okungenani ingxenye yesithathu.

Ukucubungula kwe-Foliar

Ngokushesha nje lapho kuqala kuqala ukubonakala izimpawu zendlala ye-nitrogen ezitshalweni, kubalulekile ukufeza imithi yokwelapha foliar izitshalo ezinesisombululo se-urea besebenzisa i-sprayer ngesandla kusihlwa noma ekuseni.

Uma kungekho sprayer, khona-ke ukwelashwa kungenziwa ngomshanelo olula. Isixazululo sokutshala imifino senza umthamo we-60 g we-urea 10 amalitha amanzi, kanye nezithelo zezitshalo - 30 g we-urea ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi, futhi lesi sinkinga asishisi amaqabunga, okungeke kuthiwa nge-ammonium nitrate.

Kubalulekile! Uma kunemvula engaphandle (isibonelo, imvula), awukwazi ukusebenzisa i-carbamide yokugqoka ama-foliar.

Urea ngokumelene nezinambuzane engadini

I-Urea ithole ukusetshenziswa kwayo ensimini futhi ingadi futhi umsizi omuhle ekulawuleni izinambuzane, futhi uma kungekho isifiso sokusebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane ezahlukene, kuyoba kuhle.

Kulokhu kuyadingeka ukuthi uphefle izitshalo ngesisombululo se-urea, izinso azikavuswa, futhi izinga lokushisa lomoya langaphandle lifinyelele + ku-5 ° ะก.

Isixazululo sokufafaza kwenziwe kanje: ku 1 l amanzi - 50-70 g we-urea, futhi isisombululo esiphezulu kakhulu (for 1 l amanzi - okungaphezu kuka-100 g we urea) akufanele kwenziwe ukuze angashisi amaqabunga.

Le ndlela izosiza ukuqeda kalula izinambuzane zasebusika (i-weevils, i-aphid, i-sucker nezinye).

Ngokufiphala izitshalo ngesisombululo esifanayo sokulawula izinambuzane, ungabavikela futhi isikhumba, indawo eluhlaza, nezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo. Yenza kahle ekwindlaezinsukwini zokuqala zamaqabunga awela.