I-F1 Fiesta Broccoli: Okufanele Ukwazi Ngokukhula KweHybrid

IBroccoli "iyisihlobo" esiseduze kakhulu se-cauliflower, esesikhulile futhi saphumelela ngabalimi baseRussia. Ngokuya ngezinzuzo zokunambitheka nezempilo, idlula isiko elijwayelekile, kepha i-broccoli isakude nokuthandwa kwayo, noma ingavikeli futhi iqandelana nesithwathwa. Abafuyi bahlala bekhipha ama-nzalo amasha anezici ezithuthukisiwe. Phakathi kwazo kukhona iBroccoli Fiesta F1, eyavela emakethe ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili.

Ibukeka kanjani iFiesta F1 broccoli?

I-Fiesta F1 iyi-hybrid hybrid edume umhlaba wonke, umsunguli yinkampani edumile yaseDashi uBejo Zaden B. V. I-hybrid yangena eRussia State Rejista ngasekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20. Kunconywa ukutshalwa ezakhiweni zasengadini yomuntu siqu ngaphandle kokucacisa isifunda esithile.

Izwe lakwa-broccoli ugu lweMedithera. Ngaphezu kwalokho, itshalwa ngokuphumelelayo esikhaleni se-post-Soviet. Ngisho nezithombo ezincane azisongeki ngokufa lapho izinga lokushisa lehlika ku -10ºС. Inkomba efanelekile yokuthuthuka kwayo yi-18-24ºС. Ngokufanelekile, i-broccoli ingatshalwa hhayi engxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia kuphela, kodwa futhi nase-Urals, eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude. Isiko libonisa "ipulasitiki" ethile, iletha izitshalo ezikhathini zezimo zezulu ezihlala zivumelana ngaso sonke isikhathi. Futhi izimvula ezinde ziyamsiza. IBroccoli ilungele umswakama ophezulu ne-substrate ephezulu. Isikhathi sezithelo sinwetshwa ngokuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zeklabishi - kusuka kwisitshalo ngasinye ungathola hhayi eyodwa, kodwa izilimo ezimbili noma ezintathu.

I-F1 Fiesta broccoli iyi-hybrid entsha eqeda ukutholwa emhlabeni wonke phakathi kwabalimi

IBroccoli, njengekholifulawa, isebenzisa ama-inflorescence njengokudla. Noma i-cuisine yaseMedithera isebenzisa iziqu zayo. Akhula "ngesixha", aminyene impela, esikhumbuza i-asparagus noma ubhontshisi oluhlaza. Zinqume lapho zikhula zide zibe ngu-13-16 cm.

IFiesta F1 iyi-hybrid ephakathi nendawo yokuvuthwa. Ukusuka kokutshala embhedeni wezithombo kuya kumakhanda wokusika kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-75-80. Isitshalo sinamandla impela, irosette injengokuphakanyiswa. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka apende ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ophakeme, ohlakazekile kancane. Ingaphezulu lawo "libubly" kancane, "libi". Ukuphakama kwesitolo kufinyelela ku-90 cm, ububanzi bekhanda buyi-12-15 cm.

Isisindo esijwayelekile sale broccoli singama-600-800 g, kanti nezinhlobo ezithile ezinesisindo esingu-1,1,5,5 kg nazo ziyatholakala. Ngokwesimo, ivame ukuthotshiswa kancane, yize ingacishe ibeyindilinga, ngokulingana "ngobukhulu." Umbala - luhlaza okotshani obumnyama onsundu. Akufanelekile ukubambezela ukuvuna - i-broccoli ilungele ukudliwa kuphela kuze kube yilapho izimbali sezikhule (amabhlunga asephenduke aphuzi).

I-F1 Fiesta broccoli ayinconyelwa okungenani ngokuqina kwayo nokubukeka kwayo

I-inflorescences iminyene, inomhlanjana, ingakwazi ukubuyekezwa kuphela. Ngerejista yombuso yeRussian Federation le hybrid inconyelwe ukusetshenziswa ekuphekeni kwasekhaya. Ama-gourmet nabapheki abangochwepheshe baphawula ubumnene obukhulu bokunambitha kanye nokuqedwa kokudla okunempilo.

I-Fiesta F1 broccoli inflorescence iminyene, iziqu nazo zingadliwa

Phakathi kwezinzuzo ezingathandabuzekwayo ze-Fiesta F1 hybrid ubukhona bokungavikeleki kwe- “innate” kulesi sifo esiyingozi njenge-fusarium. Kuletha kahle isivuno esingaba ngama-3-3,5 kg / m² (noma ama-240-350 kg ngehektha ngalinye), noma ngabe umnikazi wegadi unenhlanhla kangakanani nesimo sezulu ehlobo. Izinkomba ezinjalo zitholakala ngenxa yokuthi ngemuva kokusika ikhanda eliyinhloko, uhlangothi oluseceleni luqala ukwakheka. Bona-ke, bancane kakhulu, kepha lokhu akukuthinti ukunambitheka. Enye i-hybrid iyaphawuleka ngekhwalithi yayo enhle yokugcina, ukuthwala nokubonakala kwangaphandle.

Amakhanda akamuva e-Fiesta F1 broccoli akhiwa ngeziqu ezisele engadini ngemuva kwesilimo esikhulu

Njenganoma yiluphi olunye uhlobo lwe-broccoli, i-Fiesta F1 iphilile kakhulu. Kubonakala ngokuqukethwe okuphansi kwekhalori, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, inani lomsoco nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamavithamini namaminerali adingekayo kumuntu. Okuqaphelekile ikakhulukazi ukuthi kukhona ama-B, ama-C amavithamini (ngaphezulu kwama-citruse), u-E, A, K, PP no-U, kanye ne-potassium, i-magnesium, iodine, i-calcium, i-phosphorus, i-iron, i-zinc, ithusi, i-selenium. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-broccoli inothile ku-fiber, amaprotheni, ama-amino acid (kufaka phakathi abalulekile). Konke lokhu kudonswa kalula ngumzimba. Uma le iklabishi isetshenziswa njengesitsha esisehlangothini, kuyasiza ukugaya ukudla okusindayo.

Izazi zezempilo zeluleka ukudla i-broccoli nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela. Kufakazelwe ngokwesayensi ukuthi kusiza amazinga aphansi e-insulin noshukela wegazi, ukuhlanza imithambo yegazi ye-cholesterol “plaque”. Kuyadingeka futhi labo abahlala unomphela ezindaweni ezingathandekeli kahle imvelo. Le iklabishi lisiza ukususa ubuthi, ubuthi, ngisho nokuhlanganiswa kwezinsimbi ezisindayo nezinemisebe emzimbeni.

Ijusi ye-broccoli esisanda kufakwa iyindawo yokugcina amavithamini namaminerali, ingahlanganiswa ne-karoti kanye / noma i-apula

Kungcono ukudla i-broestoli entsha yeFiesta F1. Ukuzijwayeza kukhombisa ukuthi ngokupheka isikhathi eside noma ukuthosa ngomlilo eningi lamafutha, cishe zonke izinzuzo ziyanyamalala. Kungabuye kuphathwe kubhakwe.

I-broccoli edliwe futhi ebhakwe ilungele impilo, kepha akunconywa ukuyipheka ku-microwave

IBroccoli ingumkhiqizo we-hypoallergenic. Kuyasiza kakhulu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, ngoba iqukethe i-folic acid ngamanani amakhulu, nezingane ezincane. I-Broccoli puree ilungele kakhulu ukuqala kokudla.

IBroccoli isetshenziswa kabanzi ngabakhiqizi bokudla kwezingane, kepha amazambane abunjiwe nawo angenziwa ekhaya.

Ividiyo: Yini enhle i-broccoli?

Inqubo yokufakelwa kanye nokuzilungiselela

Njengombhede one-broccoli, indawo evulekile efudunyezwe kahle yilanga iyakhethwa. Kuyaluleka ukuthi ukusuka enyakatho usuka ezinkungwini zomoya obandayo uvikeleke ngesithiyo esithile semvelo noma sokufakelwa, ngaphandle kokudala isithunzi. Izimbangela ezinhle kakhulu zalesi sihlahla yinoma yimuphi umquba oluhlaza, amazambane, ubhontshisi, u-anyanisi no -galikhi. Futhi emva kwezinye izinhlobo iklabishi, Cruciferous, ingatshalwa akukho ngaphambi kweminyaka 4-5.

IBroccoli iyazithanda izindawo ezivulekile ezinelanga, kepha ayiphenduli kahle kakhulu kumagagasi okushisa ahlala isikhathi eside.

ISoil Fiesta F1 ithanda okunempilo, kepha ingasindi, ivumeleka kahle ukuthola amanzi nomoya. I-loam evundile noma i-sandy loam iyamfanele. Ubumba lwempuphu lufakwa emgodini ongasindi kakhulu lapho ulungiselela imibhede, nesihlabathi kuya esindayo. Ukuze kwandiswe ukuvundiswa kwenhlabathi, kumenyezelwa umquba we-humus noma obolile (amalitha ayi-6,5 ngebhedi ngalinye / m). Kwamanyolo - i-superphosphate elula ne-potassium sulfate (ngokulandelana 40-50 g no-25-30 g nge-1 p / m). Kulabo abalingani babo bemvelo kumanyolo wamaminerali, kukhona enye inketho - isifutho sokhuni elihlanganisiwe (0.5 l can). Wonke umsebenzi wokulungiselela wenziwe kusukela ekwindla.

I-Wood ash ingumthombo wemvelo we-phosphorus ne-potassium

IBroccoli ngeke ikhule emhlabathini one-asidi. Lapho i-pH ingangeni ebangeni le-6.0-7.0, ufulawa we-dolomite, amagobolondo amaqanda oluyimpuphu noma ulamula osikiwe kusatshalaliswa phezu kombhede ngesikhathi senqubo yokumba. Kuyinto engathandeki ukuthi amanzi asemhlabathini asondele ngaphezulu kune mitha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izimpande zezitshalo zingaqala ukubola.

Ufulawa weDolomite - ukungabi nemiphumela emibi lapho umthamo u-deoxidized

Cishe kulo lonke elaseRussia broccoli likhula ngezithombo. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uthole isivuno emavikini ama-2-3 ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, e-Urals naseSiberia, akunakwenzeka ukubikezela ukuthi ihlobo lizoba njani ngokuya ngesimo sezulu. Mhlawumbe amakhanda awanaso nje isikhathi esanele sokuguga.

Ukuze izithombo zisebenze ziqine futhi ziphilile, ukulungiselelwa kwembewu yangaphambi kwenzalo kuyimpoqo. Okokuqala, bacwilisa ingxenye yesine yehora emanzini ashisayo (40-45 ° C) futhi ngokushesha imizuzu embalwa emanzini abandayo. Ukuze ugweme ukuvela kwesikhunta se-pathogenic ngokuzayo, ngaphambi kokutshala, imbewu icwilisa amahora angama-6-8 kusixazululo se-raspberry potassium permanganate, ukufakwa kwezinkuni ngomlotha noma ikota eyodwa yehora zigcinwa kwisisombululo sanoma isiphi isikhunta sendalo (i-Alirin-B, iBaikal-EM, i-Ridomil-Gold , Bayleton). Ngemuva kwalokho, imbewu iyahlanzwa ngaphansi komfudlana wamanzi apholile ahlanzekile bese yomiswa ifakwe esimweni esihle.

Ukulungiselela imbewu eyi-broccoli ngaphambi kokutshala

Ukwelashwa okubizwa ngokuthi yi-shock therapy kuyenziwa futhi, kepha kuthatha isikhathi eside. Imbewu ifakwa esitsheni esinesihlabathi esimanzi noma i-peat. Isonto ebusuku, uyahlanzwa esiqandisini, kuthi phakathi nosuku agcinwe endaweni efudumele efulethini. Isilinganisi sewindi elibheke eningizimu kufanelekile, ngokwesibonelo.

Amahlumela enhlanyelo ye-broccoli, uma ukumila kuqala kwenziwe kahle, nikeza ngokushesha okukhulu

Izithombo ezikhulayo zilandela i-algorithm elandelayo:

1. Izinkomishi ezincane zepulasitiki noma amabhodwe e-peat agcwalisa inhlabathi. IBroccoli icosha kabi; amaqabunga nezimpande ezintekenteke ihlala ihlupheka lapho injalo. Isendlalelo sokudonsa amanzi siyimpoqo ezansi. Ifanele njengoba inhlabathi ethengiwe yezithombo, nengxube yokuzilungiselela. Iklabishi lithanda i-substrate yezakhi ezikhululekile, ngakho-ke ngezithombo yezithombo ungathatha umquba we-humus noma umvunda obolile, i-peat nesihlabathi (isakhi sokugcina siphindwe kathathu kunesokuqala ezimbili). Isengezo esiwusizo ngushoko ochotshoziwe noma i-carbon eyenziwe yasebenza yaba yimpuphu (isipuni samalitha amathathu wesigatshana esizilungiselele ngokwaso). Noma yimuphi umhlabathi kufanele ubulawe amagciwane. Ngaphambi kokutshala, isendlalelo esisezitsheni siniselwa kakhulu futhi sikhuliswe.
2. Imbewu yeBroccoli itshalwe ezimbizeni zezingcezu ezi-2-3. Kuze zikhule, isiqukathi sishiyelwa egumbini elimnyama lokushisa elingu-17- 20 .º. Ukwakha "umphumela wokugcina ukushisa", babeka ingilazi phezulu noma belule ifilimu.
3. Lapho nje imbewu imila, "indawo yokukhosela" isusiwe, banikeza izithombo ngamahora okukhanya kwelanga ahlala amahora angama-10-12 (amahora angama-14-16 ngokufanele) bese behlisa izinga lokushisa libe ngu-16-16 C phakathi nosuku kanye no-10-12 ° C ebusuku. Ngokukhanyisa, kungcono ukusebenzisa ama-phytolamp akhethekile noma amalambu e-LED. Zitholakala ku-20-25 cm ngaphezulu kweziqukathi ngasekoneni elincane. Esigabeni seqabunga langempela lesibili, ukwenqatshwa kwenziwa, kushiya embizeni ngayinye kube yisithombo esinamandla kakhulu nesithuthukisiwe. Zonke ezinye zihlanganiswa ngobunono noma zisikwe.
4. Ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kwezithombo ukuthola amanzi nokufaka umanyolo. Njenganoma yiliphi iklabishi, i-broccoli isiko elithanda umswakama, ngakho-ke indawo engaphansi yeswelwa lapho isomile lapho sekomile. Kepha awukwazi ukugcwalisa izithombo. Emhlabathini omanzi, ofana nexhaphozi, ukuthuthukiswa "komlenze omnyama" kungaphezu kwamandla. Lesi sifo esiyingozi singaphuca umlimi isivuno sesitshalo esizayo se-broccoli manje. Ukuthambisa kathathu kuya kane ngesonto kuvame ukwanela. Isikhathi ngasinye emva kwaso leli gumbi lingena umoya. IBroccoli idliswa ezinsukwini eziyi-12-15 ngemuva kokuqhamuka nangemva kwamanye amasonto ayi-1.5. Ngokokuqala ngqa, 2 g we potash ne nitrogen ne 4 g we umanyolo we phosphorus athathwa ngelitha ngalinye lamanzi, okwesibili, isilinganiso sabo siphindwe kabili. Isonto ngaphambi kokutshala, izithombo ze-broccoli zifafazwa ngesisombululo se-urea noma omunye umanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen (3-4 g / l).
5. Izinsuku ezingama-7-10 ngaphambi kokudlulisela engadini, izithombo ze-broccoli ziqala ukuba lukhuni. Okokuqala, ungamane uvule iwindi amahora ambalwa noma uthathe iziqongo ku-loggia ekhazimulayo, kuvulandi. Ekupheleni kwalesi sikhathi, iklabishi selivele "lilele" emgwaqweni.

Ividiyo: izithombo ze-broccoli ezikhulayo

Izithombo ezilungele ukutshala enhlabathini zinamaqabunga angama-6-8 angempela futhi zifinyelela ukuphakama okungu-15-20 cm. Iminyaka yakhe icishe ibe yizinsuku ezingama-35- 40. Lapho izithombo zikhula, kubi futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha zokuphila. IFiesta F1 iyi-hybrid ephakathi nendawo, ngakho-ke imbewu ihlwanyelwa izithombo ngezinsuku eziyishumi zokuqala zika-Ephreli, bese izithombo zidluliselwa engadini ngoMeyi. Ngokuyinhloko, izithombo zingamelana nokubanda kuze kufike ku-10 ° C, kepha kungcono ukuthi ungazifaki engozini isivuno esizayo. Abalimi abanolwazi bahlwanyela kaningana ngezikhathi zesonto nesigamu ukwelula isikhathi sokuvuna.

Lapho utshala izithombo ze-broccoli emhlabathini, kufanele zikwazi ukumelana nesikhathi esiphakathi kwezitshalo

Isitshalo ngasinye sidinga indawo eyanele yokudla okunempilo, sibekwa embhedeni ngesikhala esingaba ngu-40 cm. Igebe eliphakathi kwemigqa ye-broccoli lingama-50-60 cm, izithombo ziyaqina. Lokhu kuzosiza 'ukuqinisa' ukufika.

Okokufika khetha usuku olunamafu olukhulu. Noma ukuchithe ntambama sekwedlule, lapho ilanga selishonile. Ukujula komgodi kungu-10-14 cm. Phansi ubeke idlanzana le-humus, izimbotshana ezimbalwa zomlotha wezinkuni noma ushoko ochotshoziwe, isidleke esincane sika-anyanisi (wesabisa izinambuzane eziningi ezisebusika enhlabathini). Thela kahle amanzi ukuze i-broccoli itshalwe "odakeni".

Isiqu simbozwe ngumhlaba kuya emaqabunga aphansi kakhulu amaqabunga. Izithombo ezitshalwe emabhodweni we-peat zitshalwe ngqo ngesitsha, ezinye zikhishwa esitsheni kanye nesigaxa sobumba ezimpandeni. Kuzoba lula ukwenza lokhu uma i-substrate ichitheka kahle cishe isigamu sehora ngaphambi kwenqubo. Ngemuva kokutshala, i-broccoli nayo iniselwa kakhulu, ichitha ilitha lamanzi ngesitshalo ngasinye. Kuyatuswa ukuba mulch engadini. Lokhu kuzovikela inhlabathi ekushiseni ngokweqile futhi kusize ukugcina umswakama kuyo.

I-mulching isiza ukugcina umswakama enhlabathini futhi igcina isikhathi somlimi sokutshala ukhula

Ezifundeni ezingaseningizimu yeRussia, lapho isimo sezulu sisendaweni engaphansi impela, iFiesta F1 broccoli ingatshalwa ngokushesha engadini, sidlule esiteji sokuhlwanyelwa. Lapha futhi, ngeke kwenzeke ukugwema ukulungiswa kwembewu okwandisiwe. Izinsuku ezingama-5-7 ngaphambi kwenqubo, inhlabathi embhedeni kumele ikhululwe ngokujulile futhi ichithe ngesisombululo sanoma isiphi isikhunta. Ungasebenzisa yomibili imikhiqizo efakazelwe kahle efakazelwe isizukulwane esingaphezu kwesisodwa sabalimi (iBordeaux liquid, vitriol), kanye nezidakamizwa zesimanje (iTopazi, iSkor, iHorus, i-Raek, i-HOM nokunye).

Imbewu ihlwanyelwa, kulandelwa uhlelo olufanayo olunconyelwe izithombo, izingcezu ezimbalwa emgodini ngamunye, zingcwatshwe ngaphezu kuka-1.5-2 cm. Ngemuva kwalokho zifafazwa nge-humus. Umbhede uqiniswe ngefilimu yepulasitiki emnyama ngaphambi kokuvela.

Izithombo zeBroccoli ezitholakala enhlanyelweni etshalwe emhlabathini evulekile ziyadingeka ukuba zinciphile

Ukunakekela izithombo kucishe kufane nezithombo ezitshalwe ekhaya. Kepha kukhona umehluko. IBroccoli esigabeni seqabunga leqiniso lesibili kufanele iphathwe nganoma yikuphi ukulungela okufanele ukuvikela emafutheni abethelwayo. Lesi sinambuzane esijwayelekile sazo zonke i-Crucifers asideleli i-broccoli. Futhi lapho kumiswa amaqabunga ama-3-4, uthele ngokucophelela inhlabathi kwisisekelo sesiqu ukuze izihlahla zingawa. Amahlumela amancane azwela ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo, ngakho-ke ambozwe ngamagatsha e-spruce, ngamabhakede amadala noma ngoqwembe lwesikhashana lwanoma iyiphi impahla esembozwe ngombala omhlophe yakhiwe phezu kwengadi. Kunconywa futhi ukumboza izithombo kuze kube yilapho umila endaweni entsha bese uqala ukukhula.

Ama-nuances abalulekile ekunakekelweni kwezitshalo

IBroccoli ayifuneki kangako ekunakekelweni kune-cauliflower, yize ngasizathu simbe isiko lithathwa njengelingathandeki nelimnandi. Akufani kuphela nokumelana nesithwathwa, kodwa nekhono lakhona lokuzivumelanisa nezimo zesimo sezulu esibi. Eqinisweni, ukuyinakekela kwehla kokunisela njalo nokufaka umquba. Kuyiqiniso, umbhede uhlanjululwa njalo ukhula, bese inhlabathi ithukululwa ibe ngu cm 8-10. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ngokucophelela, uhlelo lwempande lwe-broccoli alusilo nje. Ngokufanelekile, ukukhulula kwenziwa njalo ngemuva kokunisela, cishe ihora kamuva, lapho umswakama usungenwa. Njengoba kunesidingo, engeza isithombo semifino entsha endaweni yezimpande - humus, peat crumb, usawoti osanda kusikwa.

Ukunisela

Njengazo zonke izinhlobo zeklabishi, iBroccoli ithanda amanzi.Kepha akunakwenzeka ukugcwalisa, ukuze ungacunuli ukuthuthukiswa kokubola. Uma izinga lokushisa (18-24ºС) likhululekile isiko, lizokwanela njalo ezinsukwini ezingama-2-3. Ekushiseni, i-broccoli iniselwa nsuku zonke noma ngisho kabili ngosuku. Kusihlwa, lapho ilanga selishonile, usengakwazi ukufafaza amaqabunga.

IBroccoli idinga ukuthambisa kaningi futhi inala, lokhu kusebenza kuzo zombili izithombo nezithombo, kanye nezitshalo ezindala

Inhlabathi idinga ukufakwa manzi mayelana ne-15-18 cm ukujula. Kungcono ukunisela i-broccoli ngokufafaza noma ukuhlela ngenkasa yokuchelela. Uma uthela amanzi ngqo ngaphansi kwezimpande, ayadalulwa futhi omile ngaphandle.

Isicelo somanyolo

Ukusuka kumanyolo, isiko likhetha izinto zemvelo. Isikhathi sokuqala ukuthi zethulwe ezinsukwini eziyi-12 kuya kwezingu-15 ngemuva kokuba izithombo ze-broccoli zidluliselwe engadini noma ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezingama-20-25 ngemuva kokuba imbewu iqhume. Izitshalo ziniselwa ngokungeniswa komquba omusha wezinkomo, imidwebo yenyoni, amaqabunga e-nettle noma i-dandelion. Ngokuyinhloko, noma yikuphi ukhula olukhula esakhiweni lungasetshenziswa. I-infusion ilungiselelwe esitsheni ngaphansi kwesembozo esivaliwe izinsuku ezingama-3-4 (uma liselangeni, bese lishesha). Ngemuva kokuvela kwephunga eliyisimilo, liyahlungwa futhi lihlanjululwe ngamanzi ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 8. Uma imithambo yenyoni ibisetshenziswa njengento eluhlaza, kudingeka amanzi aphindwe kabili.

Ukumiliselwa kweNettle - Umanyolo wemvelo oqukethe i-nitrogen, phosphorus ne-potassium edingekayo ekuthuthukisweni kwe-broccoli

Okwesibili iBroccoli idla ezinye izinsuku eziyi-15-20. Sebenzisa noma yimuphi umanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen (urea, ammonium sulfate, i-ammonium nitrate) ngesimo esomile noma njengesixazululo - 12-15 g nge-10 wamalitha amanzi. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-nitrogen ayisathulwa. Ukweqisa kwayo kuvuselela i-broccoli ngokwakha ngokuqinile isisindo esiluhlaza kulimaze ukuthuthukiswa kwama-inflorescences. Imithambo emaqabungeni iyaqina, ama-nitrate ayingozi aqongelela kuwo neziqu.

I-Urea, njengamanye umanyolo oqukethe i-nitrogen, ivuselela i-broccoli ukuthi isebenze ngenkuthalo isisindo esiluhlaza, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukungayigcwalisi

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kokugcina kwenziwa emavikini angama-2-3 ngaphambi kokusikwa okuhleliwe kwamakhanda. Ngalesi sikhathi, lesi sitshalo sidinga i-potassium ne-phosphorus. I-40 g ye-superphosphate elula ne-15-20 g ye-potassium sulfate ihlanjululwe emanzini ayi-10. Ungasebenzisa futhi ukumnika inkuni umlotha (isigamu-ilitha can 3 amalitha amanzi abilayo). Izinga lokusetshenziswa kwe-broccoli ngayinye ngamalitha ayi-1-1,5. I-Ash iphinde ilethwe ngefomu elomile, ilisakaze engadini. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokudla okunempilo, kepha futhi nokuvikela okusebenzayo kwezifo zokukhunta. Noma yimiphi imikhiqizo esekwe kwi-biohumus nayo ifanelekile.

Ividiyo: amathiphu wokukhulisa nokunakekela i-broccoli

Izifo, izilokazane nokulawula kwazo

IBroccoli Fiesta F1 imelana neFusarium. Ngokuvamile, kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kungangeni mzimba omuhle “ngaphakathi”, ngakho-ke, ngokunakekelwa okufanele, uhlushwa yizifo kuyaqabukela. Kodwa nokho akekho umlimi oyedwa ophephile kulokhu. Izinkinga eziningi zidalwa yizilokazane, noma yiziphi iklabishi elinazo eziningi.

Phakathi kwezinambuzane ezingadala umonakalo omkhulu kwisitshalo se-broccoli:

• Ama-aphid. Enye yezinambuzane ezivame kakhulu ezitshalweni engadini. Izinambuzane ezincane zombala oluhlaza okotshani noma ophuzi onsundu zihlala ku-broccoli kuwo wonke amakoloni, zinamathela kumaqabunga nakuma-inflorescence. Zondla isithako sesitshalo, ngakho-ke izicubu ezithintekayo zambozwa amachashazi amancane e-beige, amaqabunga awonakalisiwe futhi omile. Ama-aphid awawuthandi umswakama ophakeme namakha anamandla. Njenge-prophylaxis, i-broccoli ingafafazwa njalo ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-710 ngamanzi ajwayelekile noma ngemifino yanoma yiphi amakhambi anephunga elimnandi. Futhi, upelepele obomvu womhlabathi, amaqabunga kagwayi omisiwe, amakhasi we-lime noma owolintshi, i-lavender, i-marigolds, i-calendula ne-chamomile asetshenziswa njengezinto ezingavuthiwe. Uma ama-aphid esembalwa, i-infusions efanayo ingaxazulula inkinga, kepha imvamisa yezindlela zokwelapha iyanda kaningi ngosuku. Lapho kungekho mphumela ofunwayo, faka (ngokuqinile ngokwemiyalo) noma yiziphi izinambuzane ezivamile -Iskra-Bio, Actellik, Inta-Vir, Mospilan. Ukuzijwayeza kukhombisa ukuthi ukwelashwa okungama-2-3 kwanele, kwenziwa ngemuva kwesonto nesigamu.
• Impukane yeklabishi. Ukulimala okuyinhloko ezitshalweni kubangelwa izibungu. Zihlala emhlabathini, izimpande zesisu kusuka ngaphakathi, bese ziya kwezicubu zamaqabunga. Ukwesabisa abantu abadala, i-broccoli ifafazwa ngesisombululo se-Ambush noma seRovikurt. Ukubhubhisa izibungu, inhlabathi ithululwa neCorsair, Anometrin.
• I-Cruciferous flea. Abantu abadala nezibungu badla ngezicubu zezitshalo, bedla "imifino" emincane emacembe neziqu. Ngenxa yalokhu, le ngxenye engenhla ye-broccoli yoma ngokushesha bese iyafa. Lesi sinambuzane senziwa ngempumelelo yi-tansy noma i-celandine. Lezi zitshalo zingatshalwa ezizungeze umbhede wemibhede noma zifafazwe ngamahlamvu omisiwe aqhekekile. Uma kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa okukhulu kwezinambuzane, kusetshenziswa ama-Aktaru, ama-Actellik, uFoxim.
• Isikhafu seklabishi. Ukulimala okuyinhloko ezitshalweni kubangelwa yizibungu. Badla amaqabunga emaphethelweni. Ngokushesha kakhulu, kususelwa kuphela imfucuza evela kubo. Ngokuphikisana nabantu abadala ngoMeyi, i-broccoli iphathwa ngeLepidocide noma iBitoxibacillin. Futhi, ama-pheromone akhethekile noma izicupho ezenziwe ekhaya zinikeza umphumela omuhle. Ama-Butterflies afakwa inzalo kusetshenziswa iziqukathi ezigcwaliswe ngamanzi ayixutshwe noshukela isiraphu, uju, ujamu. Amakhethini abhujiswa ngokuphatha i-broccoli nge-Talcord, Fonesiatsid, Belofos, amalungiselelo weFufanon.
• Izibungu neminenke. Izimbobo ezinkulu zidla ngaphandle emaqabungeni, zishiya ubala lwesiliva licwebezelwe ngaphezulu. Impilo yeshelufu nokubonakala kwamakhanda kuthinteka kakhulu. Izithombo ezincane nezithombo zingabhujiswa ngokuphelele yizilokazane. Njengomthetho, amakhambi esintu anele ukulawula izinambuzane. Ukuhlaselwa okuningi kwama-slugs akuvamile. Umbhede uthuliwe ngothuli lukabhema, umlotha wezinkuni, nopelepele oshisayo womhlabathi. Iziqu zezitshalo zizungezwe “yisithiyo” sezinaliti, i-walnut noma i-shell amagobolondo, isihlabathi esiqhekekile. Izicupho nazo ziwumphumela omuhle - amathangi agxiliwe emhlabathini agcwele ubhiya, isiraphu kashukela, amacembe eklabishi aqoshiwe noma izingcezu zegilebhisi. Izibuko nazo ziqoqwa ngesandla. Amandla okufihla kanye nesivinini sokuhamba, ahlukile. Kwamakhemikhali asetshenziswa ukulawula inkathazo, iMeta, ukuduma kwezulu.

Igalari yezithombe: yiziphi izinambuzane eziyingozi ze-broccoli

Izifo ze-fungus zingabulala kakhulu noma yonke i-broccoli etshalwe esikhathini sezinsuku. Izindlela zokuvimbela ezisebenzayo zifaka ukujikeleza kwezitshalo, amaphethini wokutshala nokunakekelwa kwezitshalo okufanele. Ngokuvamile, iBroccoli inezifo ezilandelayo:

• Umlenze Omnyama. Isikhunta sithinta ikakhulukazi izithombo ze-broccoli. Isisekelo sesiqu siyaba mnyama bese sithambisa, izithombo zikhula zikindike futhi zomile. Lesi sifo sivame ukwenzeka ngokugcotshwa kwenhlabathi ngamanzi. Ukuze uvimbele, umlotha wezinkuni noma ushoko ochotshoziwe uyenezelwa emthanjeni oyinyumba, imbewu iphathwa nge-biofungicides. Ngokushesha lapho izimpawu zezimpawu zibonakala, ukunisela kuncishiswa kube kunesidingo esidingekayo, amanzi ajwayelekile athathelwa indawo yisisombululo esipinki se-potassium permanganate. Iklabishi ifafazwa ngeFitolavin, Fitosporin, Bactofit. I-Trichodermin, i-Glyocladin ngesimo semiganu kungangezwa emigodini engadini.
• Wonke. Lesi sifo kunzima kakhulu ukusithola ngesikhathi. Ezimpandeni zesitshalo, kwakhiwa iziqalo ezikhuphuka ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. Iyayeka ukuthuthuka. Ama-Broccoli rosette abonakala ephela futhi omile ngaphandle kwesizathu. Sekuvele akunakwenzeka ukwelapha i-keel broccoli ethelelekile. Izitshalo ezinjalo zidinga ukususwa ngokushesha emibhedeni zishiswe. Ngokubulala amagciwane, le ndawo ichithwa ngesisombululo esingu-5% se-sulfate yethusi noma i-Bordeaux fluid. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela ukujikeleza kwezilimo. Ukusula inhlabathi ye-ejenti ebangela lesi sifo, noma iyiphi i-Solanaceae, u-anyanisi, ugalikhi, isipinashi, izimbotshana (ezijwayelekile noma zamaqabunga) zitshalwe embhedeni onegciwane.
• I-Peronosporosis. Kuvela amabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka engaphansi kweshidi, uhlangothi olungaphambili ludonswa ngaphakathi ngesendlalelo esiqhubekayo senethiwekhi emhlophe grey, esifana nefulawa echithululiwe. Kancane kancane, iguqula ukubukeka kwayo kube nsundu-nsundu, iba mnyama. Nge-prophylaxis, izitshalo zimbozwe ngomlotha wezinkuni ohlutshiwe, i-colloidal sulfure. Lapho usanda kuqala ukwanda kwalesi sifo, ungabhekana naso ngamakhambi abantu - ukufafaza ngogwebu oluhlaza potash noma insipho yokuwasha, isixazululo se-colloidal sulfure, okuhlanjululwe nge-kefir noma i-serum ngokufakwa kwe-iodine. Uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka ngobuningi, okutshaliwe kufafazwa ngeTopazi, i-Ridomil-Gold, i-Alirin-B.
• I-Alternariosis. Kuvela amabala amancane ansundu ayindilinga kumaqabunga. Kancane kancane, bayakhula, bathathe isimo semibuthano egxilile, baqiniswe ungqimba lwethala elimpunga elinama-splashes amnyama. Izindlela zokuvimbela nokulawula ziyefana nange-peronosporiosis.
• Ukubola okumhlophe. Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwenhlabathi ye-nitrogen ne-acidic kukhuthaza ukukhula kwalesi sifo. Inhlanganisela emhlophe ethi "fluffy" emhlophe ivela emaqabungeni nakuma-inflorescence. Kancane kancane, iba mnyama futhi ibe mnyama, izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo zonakalisiwe futhi zimdaka, izicubu ziyabola. Uma isifo sesihambile kakhulu, isitshalo singakhipha kuphela bese sishisa. Lapho ibonwa kusenesikhathi ngokwanele, zonke izindawo ezithintekayo zigawulwa ngommese obukhali, onamagciwane, zithwebula izicubu ezibukeka ziphilile. "Amanxeba" ayagezwa ngesisombululo esikhanyayo se-pink se-potassium permanganate noma i-2% vitriol, efafazwe nge-activated carbon powder. Umhlabathi esivandeni uthululwa nguSkor, Kuprozan, Oleokuprit, Horus.

Igalari yezithombe: izimpawu zezifo eziyingozi ze-broccoli

Ukuvuna nokugcina

IBroccoli Fiesta F1 ivame ukuvuthwa ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti noma maphakathi no-Agasti. Amakhanda kufanele anqunywe ngaphambi kokuba kuqhakaze izimbali eziphuzi, bese ama-inflorescences aqhuma. Lokhu kubhekwe njalo - iklabishi lavuthwa ngezinsuku ezingama-2-3 kuphela. Ngemuva kwalokho imifino ingasadliwe, ilahlekelwa ngokunambitheka futhi izuze. Ungagxila ekuphakameni kwesiqu - kufanele sikhule sibe ngu-10 cm.

Ukudla i-bloccoli eqhakaza akuseyona into engenzeka; kulahlekelwa okuningi kwizinzuzo zayo nokunambitha

Amakhanda anqunywa kanye nengxenye yesiqu. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu ekuseni, ukuze elangeni eliqondile bangalahlekelwa yi-juiciness yabo. Impande ishiywe embhedeni. Esikhathini esisele ngaphambi kweqhwa, amakhanda amancane ayi-2-3 asenesikhathi sokwenza lokho. Lokhu kuvame ukuthatha inyanga. Kwesinye isikhathi aboshwe ngisho nasezitshalweni ezidatshulwe enhlabathini, asele alale embhedeni. Ukuvuselela inqubo, i-broccoli inganiselwa kaninginingi ngokufakwa umquba.

Amakhanda avuthiwe we-broccoli asikwa kanye nengxenye yesiqu, eshiya isitshalo uqobo emhlabathini

Ngokugcina isikhathi eside, i-Fiesta F1 hybrid ayifanele. Le iklabishi alilali isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu, noma ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele, futhi emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni liyaphela emva kwezinsuku eziyi-7-10. IBroccoli igcinwa endaweni ephansi, engaphansi, kwenye indawo emnyama enomoya omuhle wokushisa omncane osondele ku-0 ° C kanye nomswakama ophezulu (75% noma ngaphezulu).

Gcina i-broestoli entsha yeFiesta F1 isikhathi eside ngeke isebenze

Frozen broccoli, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yizinzuzo, ezigcinwe izinyanga eziyi-10-12. Izinhloko zihlanganiswa zibe ngama-inflorescence, zigezwe futhi zomiswe. Ngemuva kwalokho zibekwa emashidini okubhaka ambozwe amathawula amaphepha, kuthiwe imizuzu engama-23 athunyelwa efrijini, efakwe kwimodi yeqhwa "yokushaqeka". Ama-inflorescence aselungele abekwa engxenyeni encane emabhodleleni epulasitiki akhethekile nge-airtight esheshayo. I-Defrosting kanye noqalo lokuphinda lubekwe ngokomthetho ngokwezinga labo. IBroccoli iphenduka iphalishi elingajwayelekile.

IFrozen broccoli ibekwe emaphaketheni ngezingxenyana ezincane, ongakusebenzisa nakanjani ngasikhathi

Ividiyo: Ukuvunwa kukaBroccoli

Ukubuyekezwa Kwabalimi

Ngibe nezinkinga ne-broccoli ngaze ngashaya izinhlobo zeFiesta F1. Manje sengiyithenga kusasele iminyaka embalwa, kungenjalo ayithengiswa njalo. Phambilini, ngike ngazama zonke izinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo - ezinye izimbali, kepha iFiesta ayiphumeleli minyaka yonke, noma ngabe kuyashisa, noma ngabe kunetha imvula ... ngicabanga ukuthi ukukhetha okuhlukahlukene endaweni ngayinye kubaluleke kakhulu.

RAZUM42007

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I-Broccoli iklabishi i-Fiesta F1 (Holland) Evumela phezulu, i-mid-isizini hybrid yokukhethwa kwamaDashi. Ukufakwa endaweni ehlala njalo ngoMeyi noma ekuqaleni kukaJuni ngokuya ngohlelo: 50 × 20-30 cm.

UDmitry mineev

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Izintandokazi zeBroccoli - iFiesta F1 neBatavia. Amakhanda amakhulu anesisindo esingama-1,2-1,5 kg kanye ne-ncibilikt kuze kube sebusika.

I-Mopsdad1

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Ngiye ngaya kuvuthwa ngo-broccoli omkhulu. Umphumela omuhle kakhulu ku-Dutch hybrid Fiesta F1 (maphakathi ekuqaleni kuka). Naphezu kokushisa ngesikhathi sokubumba, amakhanda aphenduka aqondaniswa, ama-350-400 g ngalinye.Iyikho into eyayingajabulisi njengokuqhuma kweqabunga ekhanda. Iqiniso lokuthi laba lincane kakhulu (ngokumelene ne-600-800 g elimisiwe) - ngokusobala, ukubekwa komhlaba kwagcwala izithombo ezikhule kakhulu (futhi akuhambi izinsuku ezingama-35). Kahle futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngiyitshale (Meyi 30) futhi, ngokusobala, inhlabathi yami yesihlabathi ngoba ayivundile ngokwanele. Ngokusemqoka, ngabe selikhulisile ngisho nemigomo yangaphambilini, njengengahambi ngokwengeziwe ebandayo kune-ukholifulawa, bese ingekho ngaphansi kokushisa kukaJulayi. Namuhla ngidlule eBroccoli futhi nginqume lonke ibhasikidi lama-inflorescences kusuka emahlumela aseceleni. Ngemuva kokusika ezinsukwini ezingama-20 ezedlule, amakhanda amaphakathi awazange alindele ngokukhethekile ukuthi kuzovela enye into. Noma kunjalo, isikhulile, yi-freebie kuphela. Ngendlela, ngokuyisisekelo konke kusuka emahlumela aseceleni kwanikezwa yi-F1 Fiesta hybrid. UMaraton ofanayo akazange anikeze lutho ohlangothini. Ngunyaka wesithathu manje bengilokhu ngibuthana ne-broccoli Fiesta ezinhlangothini eziseceleni, futhi ngihlala ngihloniphekile. Manje ngicabanga ukuthi ngonyaka olandelayo ngimbeke ngamagama amabili.

Kolosovo

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I-Fiesta F1 iyi-hybrid ephakathi nendawo, ikhanda eliphakathi nendawo elinobukhulu obuphakeme (njenge-plus), emelana ne-fusarium wilt.

I-Dobraferma

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Ukuze uthole isivuno esihle se-broccoli, udinga ukukhulisa izinhlobo ezifanele. Ukutshala i-Fiesta F1. Amakhanda makhulu futhi ngemuva kokusika inqwaba enkulu yamancane akhule.

Anatoly Yakovlev

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Isitolo se-broccoli asishibhile, ngokungafani neklabishi elijwayelekile. Yebo, futhi uyathengiswa eqandisiwe. Ekuqaleni sayithenga. Kepha lapha ngithengile imbewu, nginqume ukutshala i-broccoli Fiesta F1. Izithombo zaphenduka izintekenteke, zincanyana, zalulwa kancane futhi ngacabanga ukuthi: "Iklabishi lizokhula kanjani kulokhu?" Iklabishi lakhula zonke izithombo zami, kwaba namandla. Lokhu ukuhlukahluka okuphakathi okuphakathi (izinsuku ezingama-80 kusuka ekuhlumeni kuya ekuvuthweni kobuchwepheshe). Kutshalwe maphakathi no-Meyi ngokuya ngephethini lama-30x50 cm. Okokuqala, kushiya amaqabunga bese kuba ama-inflorescence. Kubalulekile ukuphatha amathrekhi. Futhi-ke bathanda ngempela ukuzinza ngaphansi kwamaqabunga. Ngicubungula kathathu. Izinhloko zeklabishi zisadinga ukuthululwa, okungukuthi, zifafazwe nomhlaba, ngaphandle kwalokho zingakwazi ukugoba ngaphezulu. Ukunisela kuyinto elinganiselwe. Udinga ukuqoqa ama-inflorescence lapho emincane, uma uphuthelwa yilesi sikhathi, khona-ke izimbali ezincane zizovela kuma-inflorescence. I-Delest Fiesta nganoma yiluphi uhlobo, ikwazi futhi ikheniwe.

Lilena69

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IBroccoli inazo zonke izimfanelo ezidingekayo 'zokuthatha izimpande' ezindaweni ezenziwa abalimi baseRussia. Isiko libonakaliswa ukubekezelela okubandayo, ukuzithoba ekunakekelweni, ukukhiqizwa okuhle, ukukhula kokuqala. Akumele sikhohlwe ukunambitheka kanye nezinzuzo zezempilo. I-hybrid yokukhethwa kwamaDashi i-Fiesta F1 ingatshalwa iningi leRussia, lolu hlobo oluhlukahlukene lwe-broccoli lwathola ukuthandwa emhlabeni jikelele.