I-pathologies ekuzalweni kwenzalo ijwayelekile kakhulu phakathi kwezidalwa ezincelisayo kanye nezinye izilwanyana eziphilayo. Igama elidumile le nqubo - ukungabi nabantwana - kungatholakaliswa emthini wezilwane. Leli gama lisetshenziselwa kokubili abesilisa nabesifazane bezilwane, kodwa namhlanje sizokhuluma ngalokhu kwenzeka kwabesifazane - ezinkomo ezifuywayo. Ake sihlaziye ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi izimbangela zalesi simo ziyizinto nokuthi yini okufanele yenze uma kwenzeka isikhwama singanikeli inzalo ethambile kulindeleke.
Iyini inkomo ephuzi okushoyo
Ukwelashwa kwezinkomo kubizwa ngokuthi u-barrenness, okuphathelene nezinkomokazikazi kusho ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuba owesifazane akhulelwe zingakapheli izinyanga ezintathu emva kokutholwa kokugcina. Izinkomo ze-Yalovost zilinganiselwa ngesikhathi.
Ukubalwa kwesikhathi kwalesi sikhathi kuqala kusukela ngosuku lwe-90 emva kokuzalwa kwethole lokugcina bese kuphela ngokuqala kwesikhathi esisha sokukhulelwa kwabesifazane.
Funda amaqiniso athakazelisayo mayelana nezinkomo.
Izinkomo zihlala zingenalutho: kungani futhi kufanele benzeni?
Izimbangela zobumba ziwukuphazamiseka okuhlukahlukene emisebenzini kokubili kokuzala kanye nezinye izinhlelo zomzimba, ezikhungethwe yizici zangaphakathi nangaphandle. Kodwa ngisho nokuphulwa okuyisisekelo kokudla, insemination nokunakekelwa kungabangela ukungabi nalutho kwesithole.
Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:
- izimo ezingenamthetho zesilwane;
- ukwephulwa kokudla;
- ukwephulwa kokwethulwa kwenkomo ekuzalweni ngokobulili (noma ukuxubana kakhulu, noma ukusabalalisa isikhathi eside);
- ukuxubana nokuphulwa kwenqubo.
Izinkomo ze-Yalovy ziyinkinga enkulu emnothweni futhi zingabangela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu, abanikazi abanekhono abanakekele kakhulu izimo zokuboshwa kanye nempilo yezinkomo zabo.Izinkukhu ezingathuthuki
Esinye sezimbangela zokungabhali, okuyinto ngeshwa kuba abalimi, ukubikezelwa ngokudangalisa ngokwemithi yokwelashwa, ukubunjwa okungaphelele kwendlela yokuzala yenkukhu ngesikhathi sokuqothulwa kokuqala.
Ukuthola izinkomo ezingathuthukisiwe zingaba yizici ezilandelayo:
- isisindo somzimba esincane;
- udade ongathuthuki;
Kubalulekile! Njengoba kususwe isikhathi eside imfuyo, isigamu se-calving siphelela ngokungazinzi kwezinkomo. Le miphumela ikhula ngenxa yokungaqali kwendlela yokuzala yenkomo, lapho imizamo elandelayo yokukhulelwa ingalahla ingane.Lapho owesifazane ekhulelwa ngokushesha kakhulu, ukukhulelwa kungadla ngokujwayelekile, kodwa ukungalingani kwamakhompiyutha okulandela ukuzalwa kwethole kungabangela ukungabi nalutho.
Ukudla okubi
Amaphutha omnikazi afaka amaphutha ajwayelekile emkhakheni wezinkomo zokudla:
- Izinga lamaprotheni ekudleni kwesilwane liphansi kakhulu (ngaphansi kwama-60-80 g amaprotheni ngosuku, kuye ngokuthi ubukhulu benkomo).
- Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukondla ngokweqile kwabesifazane, okungabangela ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kuphela, kodwa futhi nokungalingani kwamanye amazwe, okuzoholela ekushintsheni kwezicubu zesimiso sokuzala kwenkomo.
- Izinga elingalungile lamaprotheni nama-carbohydrate. Inani elijwayelekile liyi-80-150 g we-carbohydrate ehlanzekile nge-100 g yamaprotheni.
- Ukuntuleka kwamavithamini nama-microelements.
Uyazi? Izazi zezokwelapha zazibala izinketho ezingu-11 ezahlukene. "Izingoma "cow mooing.
Izimo ezimbi zokuboshwa
Emiyalweni evamile mayelana nokuphulwa komnikazi womnikazi, kwaphawula ukuthi izimo zokuhlanzeka kwesilwane zibalulekile empilweni yesithole. 
Izimo ezingafani nezidingo ezijwayelekile zokuqukethwe zibhekwa njengezimbi:
- Ukushisa Uma izinga lokushisa lomoya elingaphansi kwesiteji lingaphansi kuka-7 ° C noma ngaphezu kuka-15 ° C, lokhu lokushisa ngeke kukhululeke kwenkomokazikazi, engabangela izifo ezihambelana nokukhubazeka komzimba jikelele.
- Umswakama Ukuze kugcinwe imfuyo efanele, umswakama ekamelweni kufanele abe ngo-70%.
- Ukukhanyisa. Kumelwe kube nokukhanya okwanele esitokisini ukuze isilwane sithole isilinganiso esanele samavithamini D ngisho ngaphandle kokudla ngaphandle. Ukukhanya okuphansi kuzoba nokucindezeleka okungadingekile nokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa ubisi.
- Ukuhlanzeka. I-stall kufanele ihlanzeke futhi udoti kufanele ushintshe njalo futhi ube owomile. Ukuntuleka kokuhlanzeka ekamelweni kungabangela ukutheleleka emzimbeni wesilwane kanye nokunciphisa ngokujwayelekile ukumelana nokuzivikela komzimba kumagciwane ahlukahlukene.
Ukubamba okungalungile
Ukwehluleka ukulandela imithetho yokudosa kungaholela ekuthuthukiseni impahla yezinkomo. Ukukhula okungapheli kungagcina kube mastitis - ukuvuvukala izilonda ezincelisayo emfuyweni.
Zijwayeze ngezici zokugxilisa inkomo, futhi uthole ukuthi imishini yokudoba ingcono yini izinkomo.
Njengoba izilonda ze-mammary nazo ziyingxenye yesimiso sokuzala sesilwane, izinqubo zokuvuvukala emkhunjini zingabangela ukukhishwa kwesikhashana. 
I-Genital anomaly
Isizathu sangaphakathi sangaphakathi sokungabikho kwenkomo kungaba ukuthuthukiswa okungavamile kwezitho zesistimu yokuzala. Lezi ziphutha zofuzo zakhiwa ngisho nangesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa komntwana.
Okuvamile kakhulu lezi zinkinga:
- Freemartinism. Lesi yisifo esibizwa nangokuthi "i-hermaphroditism yamanga." Kubonakala ngokuzikhukhumeza kwe-clitoris kwenkomo, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamalungu angokwenyama. Lokhu okungahambi kahle kuvela ezimweni lapho ukuxilongwa kwenzeka ngamaphanga ahlukene wobulili obuhlukile, ngenxa yalokho inkunzi eyenzile ngokujwayelekile, futhi ithole liye lahlala lingakhuthuki.
- Hermaphroditism. Ukuthuthukiswa okungavamile kwesistimu ye-urogenital, ekhonjelwa ukukhubazeka kwezitho zobulili ze-XX nohlobo lwe-XY ngenxa yokuhluleka kwezakhi zofuzo ekuhlukaniseni iseli. Ngakho-ke, ukuba khona kwezici zobulili eziyinhloko zesilisa nowesifazane ngenxa yokwenziwa kwamangqamuzana amangqamuzana, lapho amanye amangqamuzana omzimba anayo kokubili "owesifazane" nesethi "yesilisa" ye-chromosomes, iqala.
- Infantilism Le-anomaly ibonakala ngokuthuthukiswa kwezitho zangasese kumuntu ngenxa yomsebenzi onganele we-pituitary gland ekukhiqizeni ama-hormone okukhula. Le-anomaly ayihlolisisi kuphela izitho zangasese, kodwa futhi kuhlobene nesistimu ye-endocrine yonke.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi yini okufanele ukwenze uma inkomo isifo sokuvuvukala, futhi uthole ukuthi kungani inkomo inophephulo olumhlophe.
Ezimweni ezingavamile, inkukhu ingase ilahlekelwe ezinye izingxenye zesistimu yokuzala (fallopian tube, cervix, ovaries). 
Ibhaluni ye-immune factor
Kubonakala ngenxa yethonya lezici ezihlukahlukene ohlelweni lokuzala lwenkomo kanye nomzimba wonke (kube yi-insemination njalo, ukulimala kwezitho zangasese, ukuvuvukala ohlelweni lokuzala, ukungeniswa okungalungile kwenzalo ohlelweni lwesibalo sokuzala).
Ngenxa ye-stimuli enjalo, inkukhu iqala ukusabela ngokuzenzakalelayo kumfutho wesilisa wokudla komzimba. Inzalo yenkomo ibonakala ngokuzivikela komzimba wesifazane njengento yangaphandle, ngakho-ke, umzimba wenkomokazikazi uveza ama-antibodies akhethekile kulokhu okucasulayo, okungagcinwa emzimbeni wakhe amasonto angu-8.
Uyazi? Izinkomo zinezibopho zomphakathi ezinobungane, ukubonakaliswa kwazo okuvezwa ekukhoneni.Lezi zinselo zamagciwane ziqoqa izicathulo zesifazane zangasese, kanti naphezu kokuthi ukukhulelwa ngokwayo kuthinteka okunjalo kungenzeka, ezimweni eziningi i-fetus igxuma phakathi nezinyanga zokuqala zokuthuthukiswa.
Ukuphulwa kwemithetho ye-insemination ne-calving
Lesi sizathu sibhekisela ezingxenyeni zangaphandle zokuthuthukiswa kwebhali ezinkomeni. Kulokhu, umqondo wokuthi "ukusabalalisa okungalungile" kusho ukukhethwa okungafanele kwezinto zokuqothulwa, ukusatshalaliswa kwenkomo njalo, ukuboshwa kwenkomo eziphambene, amaphutha kwezobuchwepheshe bokujola kwesilisa, ukuphathwa kabi kwezinkukhu nokuhlukumezeka, ukungahambisani nemigomo yokungcola. 
Ukuphulwa kwenqubo yokubeletha kwemvelo
Abanye abafuyi bezilwane abafuna ukususa ngokushesha ithole kusukela esibelethweni sikamama, baphazamise inqubo yemvelo yokuthwala ngosizo lwamandla okuhlukumezeka. Ngokuvamile, abalimi basebenzise amandla okuhlukumezeka ngendlela yokudonsa isisu esibelethweni, noma baphonsa ibhola lokuzalwa lomsebenzi wokuqala.
Izinyathelo ezinjalo ngokuvamile zihlanganisa ukuhlukumezeka emfubeni nasezincwaneni zenkomokazikazi, okuba kamuva imbangela yebhali.
Kubalulekile! Abalimi bayavunyelwe ngokuqinile ukukhipha ukukhishwa okungagunyaziwe kwe-fetus kusuka esibelethweni. Okuwukuphela kwenkinga yesidingo esibucayi, lapho impilo yenkomo noma ithole isongelwa yi-course eqhubekayo yokubeletha nokubeletha.
Kungenzeka yini ukwephula inkomo
Phakathi nenkathi yebhasi, izinkomo zinganika ubisi, kodwa imiqulu yazo ihluke kulokho okulindeleke ukuba kube kubi nakakhulu. Inkomo yobisi inomthelela ophezulu we-fat, kanti isilwane sithola amavithamini adingekayo ekudleni.
Ngakho-ke, ukuze ucasule kahle owesifazane, udinga ukucabangela ngokucophelela ukudla nokuphila kwakhe. Kubalulekile ukugcina isilinganiso esidingekayo sama-carbohydrates kanye ne-fibre ngalinye ilitha yobisi phakathi nenkathi yobisi. Kubalulekile ukwenza ukudla, lapho ku-1000 g wezitshalo zempande kubhalela ama-300 g okusanhlamvu. Mayelana nokudla okuthengiwe, kungcono ukulalela ukondla okuqukethe ikhekhe, ukudla kanye nama-molasses. 
Lezi zakhi ziwusizo kakhulu ekukhiqizeni nasekulondolozeni amandla ukuthi inkomo izoyidinga ukubuyisela umsebenzi wokuzala. Ngaphambi kwesenzo esisheshayo sokubamba, kuyadingeka ukuba ugeze inkomo bese uphilisa imithi yayo.
Ukubamba inkomo kumele kuphuze futhi kulinganiselwe ukuze kungadli ukucindezeleka ngokweqile nokulimala okungenzeka kwenkomokazikazi. Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ubisi oluvela emlonyeni lubekwe ekupheleni, ukuze kungabikho izingozi ezingadingekile zokuthuthukisa izifo.
Izinkomo zokubeletha zihlotshaniswa nobungozi bokuthuthukisa izifo ezinjenge-mastitis, actinomycosis, vaginitis, ketosis, pasteurellosis, isifo somlenze nomlomo, kanye ne-cysticercosis.
Ukuvimbela ukungabi namandla ezinkomo
Ngeshwa, akukho ukulungiswa okunjalo, okwakuphilisa ngaleso sikhathi isilwane ebhali. Ukuze bangabhekana nenkinga enjalo engafanele, abalimi kudingeka bathathe izinyathelo eziphelele zokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kokungabikho.
Ikakhulukazi kufanelekile ukunaka izici ezinjalo:
- Ukunakekela okuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ezidingekayo.
- Ukuhambisana nemithetho eyisisekelo yokwakhiwa kokudla (isilinganiso esifanele samaprotheni, amafutha kanye nama-carbohydrate). Khetha inqwaba yefani kanye nezitshalo ezimpande, esikhundleni sokusila.
- Ukwenza izivivinyo zokuhlolwa kwezemvelo ku-veterinarian okungenani kanye ngonyaka.
Ngakho-ke, ukungazinzi emalini kuyinkinga engathandeki kakhulu kunoma yimuphi umlimi angabhekana nayo. Ukuze ugweme ukushisa, umuntu kufanele aqaphele izimo zokuphila zezinkomo futhi anake isikhathi ngesikhathi sempilo yakhe.
Futhi khumbula ngamagciwane wezilwane angakwazi ukuvimbela izifo eziningi noma ukwelapha izinkinga zangaphambili ezikhona ezinyathelweni zokuqala.
