Zonke izinhlobo ze-plums zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili: lezo ezikwazi ukuzitholela impova, kanye nalabo abavotelwa yizinhlobo ezithile.
Kunezinzuzo eziningi kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo ze-samobzplednyh, ngoba ziyakwazi ukuletha isivuno esikhulu kakhulu. Futhi phakathi kwezinhlobo ze-samobzplodnyh yizithelo ezinkulu ezivame kakhulu.
Kodwa nokho, kulula kakhulu ukukhula nokunakekela ipums ezithwala ukuzimela, esizoxoxa ngakho.
I-plums ezizimele-izinhlobo kanye nezici zayo
Eqinisweni, izinhlobonhlobo ze-plums ezizimele azikho, futhi eziningi kakhulu. Futhi, ukukhetha phakathi kwazo lezo zinhlobonhlobo ezizoba kahle futhi zifane nezithelo, lapho ukucinga kuyi-Internet kunzima, kepha kusenokwenzeka ukukwazi ukuthola.
Inzuzo ebaluleke kakhulu yalolu hlobo lweplamu yukuthi ngokutshala izinhlobo ezilandelayo engadini yakho, uzoba ngu-100% uqiniseke ukuthi uzothola isivuno..
Emva kwakho konke ngoba ama-samoplodnoy plums ayidingi ukutshala ensimini umuthi wempovaInkathi yayo ekhulayo ihamba ngokuzimela futhi ngokuzimela futhi ingaveza isivuno esihle kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithelo zalezi plums ziyasetshenziswa yonke indawo, futhi phakathi kwazo ungathola kokubili izinhlobo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuphuzi.
Plum ehlukahlukene "I-Oryol Dream"
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zadalwa futhi zahanjiswa kungekudala kakhulu, eminyakeni eyishumi nje edlule. I-Orlovskaya Dreams umzali ingabizwa ngokuthi i-Annushka plum ehlukahlukene, okuvela kuzo izithombo zokuhlwanyela ngokukhululekile izithombo zokuqala zalesi siplamu zikhethiwe.
Izici ezihlukile zesithelo
Izithelo zalezi zihlukahlukene zinkulu. Isisindo sabo esilinganisweni siyi-40-43 amagremu. Zizungezwe ngesimo. Ukuphakama kwesithelo ngokwesilinganiso kungama-millimeters angu-44. Isithelo sinomngcele omncane futhi ojulile. Ngombala walo, izithelo zibomvu ngamaphuzu amaningi angaphansi, okwenza akhangele ngokukhethekile. Ngendlela, ngokusho kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa kochwepheshe, izithelo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zithole ukulinganisa kwangaphandle kwe-4.5 kwangu-5.
Inyama yesithelo iluphuzi, isisindo sabantu abaningi nesibalo esikhulu sezintambo. Okuqukethwe kwejusi ku-pulp kuphezulu. Isici esihlukile salezi ezihlukahlukene ukuthi i-juice ye-pulp yayo ayikho embala.
Itshe elithelweni lincane, nokho, lihlukaniswe kahle kakhulu no-pulp. I-pulp yesithelo iqukethe cishe u-10.3% ushukela kanye no-1.1% kuphela we-acids, okwenza ukuba ukunambitheka kwabo kulinganiswe. Imisebenzi ukunambitheka izithelo ezintsha kulinganiswe ku-4.4. Inhloso eyinhloko ye-plums iyithebula.
Imigomo yokuvuthwa izithelo plums "Orlovskaya Dream" ekuqaleni, cishe ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti.
Yiziphi izici zomuthi?
Isihlahla ezihlukahlukene "i-Orlovskaya Mechta" akuyona enkulu. Amandla omphakathi wakhe - umuntu omdala okhulisayo umuthi ngangokunokwenzeka kufinyelela kumamitha angu-2.5 kuphela. Umqhele wesihlahla umumo wepiramidi. Amagatsha omqhele asakaza futhi aphakanyiswe kancane.
Ngenxa yenani elincane lamagatsha namagatsha, umqhele we-Orlovskaya Mechta ipulamu ukhululekile. Amagxolo anombala obomvu, ubushelelezi emagatsheni nasemzimbeni. Amahlumela amancane ngokuvamile aqondile, umbala omnundu. Izingxenye ezivuthiwe zomuthi ziyizimpande zezimbali.
Isihlahla siqala ukuthela izithelo eminyakeni emithathu emva kokutshala. Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, umuthi ungena cishe phakathi kukaMeyi, ngezinombolo ezingu-11-18.
Ukuthela izinkuni kucatshangelwa isilinganiso. Ngokwesilinganiso, cishe amaphesenti angu-99.2 wezithelo avunwa ngehektha ngalinye. Isivuno esiphezulu ehektheleni ngalinye singama-centre angu-119.8. Ngokwemvelo, lezi zihlukahlukene zithandeka.
Mayelana nezinzuzo ezihlukahlukene
Ubusika obunzima balezi ezihlukahlukene buphakeme kakhulu, ngaphandle nje kwezinkuni, kodwa futhi neziqu. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukulungiselela ubusika futhi kuvumela ukuthi hhayi ikakhulukazi ukhathazekile ngokusebenzisa frosts entwasahlobo.
Futhi isihlahla iveza izithelo iningi izithelo ezinkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izithelo zinombala omuhle kakhulu nekhwalithi. I-Klyasterosporiozom plum cishe ayinhle. Ngokubambisana neqiniso lokuthi umuthi uveza izithelo zakuqala futhi unakekelwa kahle kakhulu, i-Orlovskaya Mechta ehlukahlukene ingabizwa ngokuthi enye yezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zokuziqhafaza.
Manje mayelana namaminithi wezinhlobonhlobo
Ngeshwa, kodwa ngenxa yesivuno esiningi somuthi, ubukhulu bezithelo zawo kaningi buyancipha kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, naphezu kwenani elikhulu lama-plums, isisindo sabo sonke asiyikuhlukana nesisindo sesitshalo, esingatholakala ngenani elincane lezithelo.
I-Plum ehlukahlukene "Ibhola Elibomvu"
Enye ipulazi ehlukahlukene enezitshalo ezithandekayo ezinesithelo esihlwabusayo kakhulu futhi esikhulu kakhulu. Yatholakala ngokuzalana. Ngenxa yalokhu, ososayensi baseRussia bawela izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zeBurbank, okuyizinhlobonhlobo ze-platinum yaseSino-American, kanye ne-Ussuriyskaya Krasnaya ipum. Manje sibheke ekuchazeni iplamu "Ibhola Elibomvu".
Izici ezihlukile zesithelo
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo nazo zinezithelo zayo ezinkulu. Wabo mass elingana ngokwesilinganiso 35-40 amagremu. Ama-plums avulekile anomumo obomile. Umbala wekhasi ubomvu ofanayo njengoba izithelo ze-Orlovskaya Dreams zihlukahlukene. I-peel isisindo, sinomsindo we-waxy wombala ompunga.
Inyama yesithelo iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngokusho kwesakhiwo, kukhululekile kakhulu, nge-fibrousness. I-pulp ibuye ibe nejusi elikhulu, eligcwalisa kahle ukunambitheka kwalo okumnandi.
Isithelo sibonakala iphunga elimnandi kakhulu. Ukunambitha ukunambitha ukuhlolwa iplamu "Ibhola Elibomvu" - Amaphuzu angu-4 of 5. Ilitshe esithelweni alilona likhulu, kunzima ukuhlukanisa no-pulp. Ngokuvamile izithelo zisetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kwetafula.
Izithelo zivuthwe ekuqaleni. Isikhathi esihle sokuvuna kungukuqala kuka-Agasti.
Mayelana nemithi yezihlahla "Ibhola Elibomvu"
Ngokwesayizi walo, lesi sihlahla sikwazi ukufinyelela kuphela ukuphakama okulinganiselwe, okungamamitha ayi-2.5. Umumo womqhele walesi sihlahla unomqhele ojikelezayo. Awekho amagatsha amaningi, ngenxa yokuthi umqhele ubukhulu obukhulu.
Fruiting ebangeni iningiokuyinto ikuvumela ukuba uthole isivuno esihle sama-plums. Izithelo zakhiwe emagatsheni asezimbali nasemasimini akhiwe ngonyaka odlule.
Ukuhluma esihlahleni salezi zinhlobonhlobo kuqala ekuqaleni, eminyakeni engama-2-3 emva kokutshala.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zalezi zihlukahlukene
Ubuhle bezinhlobonhlobo bubukhulu bezithelo zawo kanye nekhwalithi yabo yangaphandle ephezulu. Kumele kuqaphele ukuthi amapulazi avuthiwe, ngenxa yezikhumba zabo ezinomsoco, angathuthwa ngamabanga amade.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezihlukahlukene ngokushesha iba fruiting, izithelo wakhe vuthwe kakhulu ekuseni futhi akudingi ukuthulwa nezinye izinhlobo. Umuthi kanye nezithelo zawo zibekezelela ukushisa okuphansi, abesabi ukwanda kweqhwa, okungaze kwenzeke ngokungazelelwe entwasahlobo. Ukuphikiswa okuphakeme kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo kuya ku-clautrosporia kuphawulwe.
Kodwa kukhona ukwehla
Izimfanelo ezinambitheka zezithelo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo ziphansi kancane kunezinye eziningi, yingakho izinhlobonhlobo ze "Ibhola Elibomvu" zingabizwa ngokuthi i-plum amateur.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda mayelana nokunakekelwa nokufika kwezingcingo ze-columnar.
I-Plum ehlukahlukene "Memory of Timiryazev": incazelo
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ze-plum self-fruited kubhekwa njengenye yezidumile kakhulu futhi ezivamile. Yadalwa phakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule, ngokunqamula ngokukhetha ipulazi "Victoria" ngezinhlobonhlobo ezinjenge "Redhead Red".
Ejwayelekile kunazo zonke endaweni yaseCentral naseVolga-Russian.
Izici ezihlukile zesithelo
Izithelo zinobukhulu obuphakathi, ngokwesilinganiso, isisindo sabo singama-gramu angu-22 kuphela. Indlela ye-plums yalezi ezihlukahlukene i-oval. I-suture yesisu isingabonakali.
Ipeyinti ngokuyisisekelo ebomvukodwa babe nemiphongolo ebomvu, eyakhiwa ngaphansi kwethonya elangeni. Futhi, izithelo ziyisici inqwaba yamaphuzu angaphansi kwesigcawuokuyinto futhi eqoshiwe obomvu. I-peel ihlanganiswe nengqimba encane ye-wax.
Inyama yesithelo iluphuzi, isakhiwo sihlelekile futhi sinomzimba kakhulu. Okuqukethwe ijusi kwisithelo kuyinto evamile. Futhi, ezingeni elilinganiselwe okuqukethwe okuyishukela (9.3%) ku-pulp of plums kanye nezinga lokubonakaliswa kwelavuni yabo. Amagremu ayi-100 we-pulp aqukethe u-11 mg wevithamini C. Ukudla kulinganiselwe ngama-tasters kuma-4.2 amaphuzu avela ku-5.
Ngokuphathelene nokuvuthwa, lezi zinhlobonhlobo kufanele zibhekwe ngabasekupheleni, ngoba ukuvuthwa kwezithelo okukhishwayo kwenzeka kuphela ezinsukwini zokugcina zika-Agasti - izinsuku zokuqala zikaSeptemba.
Timiryazev Memorial Tree
Isihlahla ekukhuleni sifinyelela usayizi obuphakathi, okuyinto elula kakhulu uma uyinakekele. Umqhele unomqondo ohlangene nobushe. Ngenxa yenani elincane lamagatsha asemqoka, umqhele uyancipha ube ngezinga elilinganiselwe.
Idigree lamahlamvu futhi isilinganiso. Amahlumela anombala obala obomvu, phansi. I-Fruiting isakhiwe ikakhulukazi emagatsheni asezimbali kanye namahlumela wonyaka.
Isihlahla se-Blossom siqala ngo-May 12-22. Izitshalo zokuqala zinikezwa kuphela ngonyaka wesine emva kokutshala.
Umuthi ubhekwa njengendlela eqinile futhi ekwazi ukuthela izithelo iminyaka engu-21.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi naphezu kokuthi isihlahla sithwala, isivuno saso singaphezu kwesilinganiso. Cishe 9 kilograms iqoqwe emthini owodwa ngenkathi eyodwa. Ngezinye izikhathi isivuno se-periodic singase sibonakale, kodwa eminyakeni engu-16 ye-fruiting, ngokwesilinganiso, kubonakala izikhathi ezingu-5 kuphela.
Izinzuzo zalolu hlobo oluhlukahlukene
Izithelo izinhlobo zeplamu "Imemori yeTimiryazev" ikhwalithi enkulu nephezulu kakhulu. Zibukeka kahle. Izithelo kufanele zihanjiswe. Kungasetshenziswa yizo zonke izinhlobo ezikhona ze-plums.
Lesi sihlahla sinokuzimela futhi sikwazi ukuvuselelwa ngokushesha, okuvumela ukusika izihlahla njalo ukukhulisa ubungako besithelo. Izifo ezifana ne-klyasterosporiosis nezithelo zezithelo, lezi zinhlobonhlobo azithintekile. Kuhle ukulimala okunzulu.
Manje ngenxa yecala
Izinhlobonhlobo ziyesaba kakhulu amazinga okushisa aphansi. Ikakhulukazi ethintekile amaqhwa amaqhwa. Amagatsha nezimbali zomuthi zithinteka yiqhwa ngesilinganiso esilinganiselwe. Futhi phakathi isihlahla sibekezelela isomiso. Ithinteka kakhulu ngamakhaza uma umuthi ungaphathwa ngesikhathi futhi njalo ngezilungiselelo ezikhethekile.
I-Plum "Ephuzi Yokuzimela": incazelo
I-Samoplodny plum ehlukahlukene, umsuka wayo ongaziwa. Isakazwa kakhulu futhi saziwa ngokunambitheka kwesithelo.
Izici ezihlukile zesithelo
Kulezi zithelo ezihlukahlukene kunamazinga aphakathi. Izisindo zazo zisuka ku-20 ukuya kwangu-30 amagremu. Ziyindilinga nxazonke. Isikhumba se-plums ezivuthiwe sincane kakhulu, sine-wax yokugqoka. Izithelo ziluphuzi embala.
I-pulp yesithelo sokuvuthwa okukhishwayo kunombala ophuzi obala. Ngokwakheko, kunzima kakhulu, okuqukethwe komshukela kuphakathi. Ngaphakathiikhwalithi elihle. Iphinde iboniswe ngunambitheka omuhle osiketshezi ongabangela ukudla. Isetshenziswa kabanzi kokubili efomu elisha futhi ekuqhutshekweni kwe-jams, amakhemikhali kanye nama-compotes.
Izwi lezithelo zokuvuthwa liphakathi, ukuvuthwa okukhishwayo kuqala phakathi no-Agasti.
Kancane kancane ngomuthi
Isihlahla salezi zihlukahlukene sikhula kakhulu, nakuba ubukhulu bomqhele buphakathi. Ukwenyuka komqhele kuvamile. Amagatsha asemqoka asuka e-trunk ngecala elimangalisayo, ngohlobo oluyizingulube.
Amahlumela asundu, aqonde futhi adibene kancane. I-Fruiting igxila kakhulu emagatsheni asezimbali.
Hlunga "I-Yellow Self-Fertile" kubhekwa njengento ehloniphekileokuyinto eyenza ubungako obukhulu bomuthi.
Izinzuzo ezihlukahlukene "Yellow Samoplodnaya"
Inzuzo yezinhlobonhlobo yizithelo zayo ezinhle eziphuzi zokunambitheka okuhle nenhloso yonke. Ubuningi besikhumba bubahlinzeka ngokufaneleka okuhambayo. Isihlahla sezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene "i-Yellow Samoplodnaya" sinokumelana nokushisa okuphansi.
Izinkinga zaleli klasi
Ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko ubukhulu bomuthi, obunzima kakhulu ukunakekelwa nokuvuna. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isihlahla sithatha isikhala esiningi sendawo.
Izici ukunakekelwa iplamu eyaziwayo
Amathiphu okusika iziqu
Izinhlobo eziphakathi nendawo ezide ze-plums, nakuba zidinga izihlahla, akufanele zibe njalo. Ngokufika ngokuqondile isihlahla sihlunga ngo-1-2 efihlekile. Umqhubi oyinhloko anganciphisa amamentimitha angama-30 (kuye ngokuthi ubukhulu besithombo).
Umqhele wesigodi wonyaka kufanele futhi ulungiswe ukuze wakhe umqhele oqondile. Phakathi kwazo zonke amagatsha aseplamu, kudingeka ukhethe okunamandla kakhulu futhi ifomu 3-4 ama-tiers awo, amagatsha angu-2-6 ku-tier ngayinye (inani elikhulu lamagatsha kufanele libe ngaphansi kwesigaba esingaphansi, futhi okungenani kuyingxenye ephezulu).
Amagatsha asele nawo anqunywe, kepha lokhu kwenziwa ngendlela yokuthi amagatsha aphansi kunawo wonke ayenawo omude kakhulu, kanti phezulu kukhona okuncane kakhulu. Kodwa omude kufanele abe ngumqhubi.
Ukusika okunye kuhloswe ekukhipheni amagatsha abonakalisiwe futhi omisiwe, okukhuthaza ukukhula kwezithelo, nokugcina ubude bomqhubi ophakeme.
Umanyolo samoplodnyh izinhlobo
Ama-fertilizer we-Plum alezi zinhlobonhlobo awunzima. Ukondla kufanele kwenziwe ngezikhathi zeminyaka engu-2-4besebenzisa lokhu ngenhloso kokubili umquba wezinto eziphilayo nezimbiwa. Amanyolo wamaminerali, njenge-superphosphates ne-potassium, asetshenziswa enhlabathini ngendlela yokunisela.
Mayelana nokuphuza amapulazi
Kodwa ukuphuza amapulazi njalo njalo njalo, ngoba bathanda umhlaba omanzi. Ukunisela kwenziwa ngesikhathi sonke sokukhula, kanye ngenyanga. Noma kunjalo, uma kwenzeka ukoma olunzima, ukuchelela kufanele kwenziwe kuze kube izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngenyanga. Kudinga ukuphuzisa umuthi, ngisho nakuSeptemba, ukubeka izinto ezidingekayo ukuze ubusika kahle.
Ukupheka iplamu ebusika
Ngisho naphezu kokumelana okukhulu kwezinhlobonhlobo ngaphambi kweqhwa lasebusika, ebusika, isihlahla somuthi kufanele sihlanganiswe nesendlalelo esikhulu seqhwa bese uyimboza nge-hay phezulu. Lokhu ngeke nje kuhlinzeke ukuvikelwa ekungeneni kwama-frostbite, kodwa futhi ngokumelene namagundane ahlukahlukene.
Izithombo ezincane zingakwazi ukukhothama phansi bese zihamba ngeqhwa. Kunconywa ukubopha amagatsha omuthi omncane ebusika ndawonye, ngomshanelo owodwa.
Izidingo zokutshala izinhlobonhlobo zeplamu ezichazwe
Indawo yomhlaba ukukhetha ukungena umoya, ukuze kungabikho ukugeleza komoya okubandayo.
I-Plum iyayithanda kakhulu ilanga nezithelo ezimbi ezindaweni ezingezansi.
Lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe uma ubeka ingadi, okwenza ibanga phakathi kwezihlahla eziphakathi nendawo ezide ukusuka ku-2.5 ukuya ku-3.5 wamamitha. Isikhala phakathi kwemigqa kumele sibe ngamamitha angu-4.
Ipaki ukufika ulungele emavikini angu-2-3. Ukujula kwalo kufanele kube ngamasentimitha angama-60 ukuze inhlanganisela yenhlabathi kanye nemifuno ephilayo ingafakwa phansi (silala ngesikhathi simba umgodi, ukuze le nhlabathi inesikhathi sokuxazulula ngaphambi kokutshala).
Sinciphisa isithombo emgodini ukuze umgodla wempande uhlale u-5-7 cm ngaphezu kwenhlabathi. Okulandelayo, sigcwalisa isitsha somhlabathi ngaphandle kokungeza noma yikuphi umquba (kubuye kunconywe ukuthi uthele umhlabathi ongenawo umhlabathi ongenawo umquba ngaphansi kwesitsha).
Inhlabathi kufanele ihlanganiswe kahle kangangokuthi akukho moya eduze nezimpande, ngaphandle kwalokho ingayomisa izimpande. Ukuphuza amanzi kakhulu amanzi. Phinda ukuchelela kufanele kube amanye amasonto amabili.
Mayelana nesikhathi sokufika
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala iplamu kuyinto entwasahlobo, ngoba ngesikhathi sokutshala ekwindla kunethuba eliphakeme lokuthi izithombo zizoqhwaza. Entwasahlobo, emva kwezinsuku ezingu-3-5 emva kweqhwa, kuhlwanyelwe imbewu yokutshala. Kungcono ukutshala isitsha saminyaka yonke, njengoba sithatha izimpande ngokushesha.
