Ngokuqinisekile, wabona onogwaja abomvu ophuzi ngamacici amnyama, indawo emnyama ekhaleni nasemilenzeni efanayo. Akunakwenzeka ukuba angamthandi! Yebo, lena iyinogwaja edumile yaseCalifornia! Wonke umuntu angathanda ukuba nesilwane esihle kangaka!
Lolu hlobo lulungele ukukhiqiza izimboni, lukhiqiza kakhulu, inkondlo yalawo onogwaja isakazwa ukukhiqiza inyama yokudla kanye noboya obuhle kakhulu. Ukubelethwa kubhekwe njengama-broiler. Ukukhiqiza ukusebenza ngokuyinhloko kuxhomeke ekukhetheni okunemakhono nangokunakekelwa okusemandleni. Sizokukhuluma ngendlela yokuzalisa kahle futhi ukugcina lezi zilwane kule ncwadi.
Incazelo emfushane
Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungathandeki onogwaja abanobuhle obudlala neqhwa namakhanda amnyama! Lona uhlobo oludumile lwaseCalifornia, oludumile ngokuzala kwalo!
Izilwane ezinjalo zigcinwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo, futhi njengezilwane ezizalisayo, zokukhiqiza izimboni. Ukuzala iRbbit kungenye yamagatsha agqugquzela umnotho wekhaya, kanye nesisekelo sebhizinisi eliphumelelayo kubamabhizinisi abaningi.
Ngokunakekelwa kahle, izilwane zikhula ngokushesha futhi zibukeka zikhulu. Indlela yokuzinakekela, sizoxoxa kulokhu kulesi sihloko.
Incazelo
Uhlobo lwabalelwa e-USA, lwaluwumphumela womsebenzi wokukhethwa okuyinkimbinkimbi ochwepheshe baseMelika abawela uhlobo olumhlophe lwaseNew Zealand, i-ermine yaseRussia ne-chinchilla enkulu.
Uhlobo olusha ngokushesha lwalufanelwe ukuqashelwa okudumile ngobuhle balo nokukhiqiza okuphezulu. Onogwaja onjalo bavumelana kahle nezimo zesimo sezulu saseRussia futhi bazizwa bekhululekile ekuthunjweni. Baqala ukulethwa eRussia ngo-1971.
Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi inzuzo enkulu yohlobo ukuvuthwa kokuqala, abesifazane bazimisele ukukhulelwa kakade ngenyanga yesihlanu yokuphila. Emalitha wokuqala, baletha onogwaja 9-10. Isimo sokubulala abafinyelela esikhathini esifushane.
Lolu hlobo lubaluleka ngezici zalo eziphezulu zokudla kwenyama kanye noboya bokuqala. Uma uqhathanisa nezinye izinhlobo, khona-ke ukukhishwa kwengxenye ephansi kuyona enkulu kunazo zonke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo inyama inomusa futhi ingajwayelekile kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kubhekwe njengama-broiler.
Ukubukeka
Lezi zilwane ezikhangayo zombala omhlophe, okubhekene nazo izindlebe ezincane (cishe ezimnyama), ama-paws, umsila kanye nephuzu lempumu. Lesi silwane esinamandla, esincane siba nesilinganiso esingu-4.5 kg. Abantu abakhulu kunazo zonke bafinyelela ku-5.5-6 kg. Ukuzalwa kubhekwa phakathi.
Unogwaja onjalo unamathambo amancane, isifuba esikhulu, umhlane onamandla, umzimba omncane, futhi ubuningi obukhulu, obumhlophe obukhulu.
I-musculature yabo bonke abantu iqhutshwe kahle kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba, intamo ifushane cishe engaqondakali, ngakho-ke ikhanda liphakanyiswa kancane.
Ubuchopho besilwane buncane kakhulu, bukhulu kakhulu kunezinye izinhlanga, bukhulu futhi abudala umuzwa wokuphuza. I-Mezdra iyingqayizivele futhi ilukhuni kakhulu, izinwele ziqhwa ngeqhwa. Ngentanyama yezilwane ngezinye izikhathi kukhona izindawo ezimhlophe. Izindlebe ezinamahloni ziqondile futhi azikho isikhathi eside (ezingekho ngaphansi kuka-10, 5 cm), amehlo obomvu-pink, zihlale zicacile kubantu abanobuhle.
Unomlingiswa wokudlala, kuyilapho bezolile futhi benobungane. Ngisho naphezu kwe-hypertrophy yezinhlobo zenyama, abesilisa balondoloza umsebenzi ophezulu, kanti abesifazane banesisindo esiphakeme futhi baletha onogwaja abangu-8-10 kwelinye ilitha, kanti ukuchithwa kwezidleke akudingekile. Lokhu kuhlukanisa kahle ubuhlanga kusuka kwabanye.
Ukukhiqiza
Lolu hlobo lwaluzuza i-fecundity ephezulu kanye nobisi obuvela ekhanda lika-Russian ermine (ngoba lakhiwa ngesisekelo semikhiqizo ye-broiler). Isisindo esibukhoma sesitembu esincane senyanga ezinama-2 sifinyelela ku-1.8 kg, abantu ngabanye abakondliwe kahle bangakwazi ukukala u-2kg noma u-2.3 kg, ezinyangeni ezintathu balinganisa u-2.6 kg noma u-2.7 kg. Ngokuvamile, onogwaja abaneminyaka engu-4 banesisindo esingaphezu kuka-3 kg, abaneminyaka engu-5 ubudala abanesisindo esingu-4.2 kg. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhathi sokukhula kwabo okusebenzayo siphelile.
Ababaleki baqaphele ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kokudla okuyi-kilogram eyodwa yesisindo esibukhoma kuba yi-3.5 kg noma 4.5 kg wezinyunithi zokudla, kanti isivuno sokuhlaba sinama-60%, sinomzimba - 82-85%, amanoni -1.8-2.5%, amathambo - 13-15%, ngenkathi ethola izikhumba ezimhlophe zamasayizi aphakathi.
Izici zokuzala, ukunakekelwa
Uhlobo lwaseCalifornia luyaziwa ngamakhono alo aguquguqukayo; ngakho-ke, kuhlanganiswa ngempumelelo kokubili eningizimu nasenyakatho. Bakwazi ukubekezelela kalula amaqhwa ngenxa yemilenze yabo.
Kukholelwa ukuthi indawo engcono kakhulu yokugcina ukushisa yikamelo elihlomele ngokukhethekile lapho kudala khona i-microclimate efanelekayo. Lapho ukuhlukaniswa okukuzo kutholakala emaseleni avulekile. 120Х60Х60 cm. Imilenze encane ivumela izilwane ukuba zizizwe zikhulu emanzini afanele emanzini onogwaja. Ukubeka emafenjini akudingekile ukuhlela. Uboya obunakekelwa ngokucophelela. Okuqukethwe ezimweni ezichithekile nakho kuyindlela ehlukahlukene futhi ephumelelayo phakathi kwamafama asekhaya asekhaya nasemakhaya. Izinambuzane zithengiswa kubo bobabili abantu kanye nemifula yobuningi.
Ekhaya, izilwane ezinjalo ezinhle ziqukethe amakheji amakhulu kunamadwala amancane. Inkinga enkulu yokunakekelwa kwekhaya ukugcina ubumnandi obuhle kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho, uma uzoba nobuhle obuhle ekhaya, khumbula ukuthi isilwane asihlali kahle nezingane. Ukunye ukunakekelwa kwabo akunazici nezinkinga. Ngaphandle kokuletha izinkinga ezikhethekile kumnikazi, lezi zilwane ezifuywayo ezibonakalayo zizojabulisa iso cishe iminyaka eyi-10 (lokhu kubude bokuphila kwabo).
Izintandokazi
Uhlobo lwaseCalifornia lubhekwa njengelona elihle kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, liyingxenye yesithathu phakathi kwezinhlobo zenyama zanamuhla. Ngokuqukethwe okulungile, isivuno sokuzalisa onogwaja baseCalifornia sikwedlula kakhulu inzuzo ekuzaliseni onogwaja obukhulu.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zohlobo zihlanganisa:
- ukunemba (ukulungele ukushada naye ezinyangeni ezingu-5);
- ukukhwabanisa okuphezulu (okwenyanga owesifazane angaletha amayunithi angu-40 enzalo);
- izikhathi zokugcina ukuze kufinyelele ifomu elibulalayo.
Ukungalungi
Ukubeletha kunezinzuzo zombili nezinkinga, phakathi kwazo zihlukanisa iqembu elamukelekayo futhi alivumelekile.
Iziphambeko ezamukelekayo zifaka:
- umzimba ongahambisani;
- inwele nentambo;
- izindlebe zihlukaniswe;
- imilenze ebuthakathaka futhi emincane;
- ukwehlukana okuncane kusuka ebude obuvamile bezinwele, ukuqina nokuqina koboya;
- umbala ongenalutho futhi ongenangqondo womaski womzimba;
- izinwele zezinwele ezingafuneki entanyeni, ngaphansi kwamehlo, eduze kwe-anus noma izinsipho;
- ubumnandi boboya;
- umbala wamehlo kanye nezihluthulelo zincipha kancane.
- isisindo esincane (akufanele sibe ngaphansi kuka-3, 5kkg);
- amanoni (abantu akufanele babe nzima kunama-5, 5 kg);
- ubukhulu obukhulu bezingulube zamanzi (umngcele ophezulu eduze kwamehlo);
- ukwephulwa kwesibindi sokubala (amabala amhlophe avela amabala amnyama, futhi ngokuphambene, izindawo ezimhlophe zivela lapho kufanele kube khona umbala omnyama);
- ubumnandi bubuhlungu, abukhuni, abuyingi;
- umbala wangempela wamehlo namacwecwe (akuyona isici sohlobo);
Izici zokudla
Ngokuqondene nokudla, abameleli balezi zizwe bakhetha kakhulu, ikakhulukazi izilwane ezincane. Ukuqukethwe kwekhalori kokudla kwabanogwaja abasha kufanele kube phezulu, ngakho-ke amapulazi asebenzisa amaprotheni amakhulu (amaprotheni), kanye namaphakethe aqalayo onogwaja abasha (uma kungenjalo, ukondla kusetshenziselwa izithasiselo zemvelaphi yezilwane). Kuwusizo ukondla imikhiqizo yobisi, kanye nesidlo sezinhlanzi noma ufulawa wenyama. Qinisekisa ukunikeza ama-shorts amafutha nekhekhe. Ukuze ukwandise izinqubo zokugaya, usebenzisa ama-probiotics, zizokuvumela ukuba uthole okungcono ukudla.
Ama-broilers anondliwa ngaphandle kwemingcele; anika kakhulu isilwane esakwazi ukuyidla, ngenkathi ngesikhathi esifanayo anikeza ukufinyelela kwamanzi aphuzayo amasha. Akufanele kube yinkimbinkimbi, ithukuthele ekamelweni lokushisa.
Okrol
Endaweni eyodwa, owesifazane uletha abantwana abangu-8-10 abanama-45 g ngamunye, banamandla amakhulu okukhula (inzuzo ejwayelekile yansukuzonke ngesisindo esibukhoma singama-40-45 g). Izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zimhlophe futhi zihamba ngokuphelele, zihlakulela i-pigmentation ngobudala. Isisindo samabhantshi sincike kwinani labo kudoti. Izinhlobo zezilwane ziveza ukuthi abesifazane bavame ukuletha ilitha egcweleyo ebusika, kuzo zonke izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zingase zibe nokukhubazeka okuthuthukayo (abantu abanjalo abazalanga).
Amantombazane aseCalifornia anakekele "omama" abanakekelayo (babambelela ngokuzithoba izinsana endaweni eyodwa bese bemboza phansi) Uma i-okol ihlanganisiwe, khona-ke owesifazane uyakwazi ukukhuphula izingane ezineminyaka engama-35-40 ngonyaka! Amantombazane aluma izingane noma ahlakaze emgodini anqatshiwe.
I-tribal kangcono ukwenza onogwaja, okuvela ku-1.2 noma ku-3 okuzungezile. Ukuze kuzalwe, abesifazane abanobuningi obuphezulu bomama bakhethwa, ngoba abesifazane abakhulu nabavuthiwe abangenandaba nokunakekelwa kwezinzalo zabo ngokuvamile balahlekelwa yizingane (ziyafa). Phakathi kwamadoda, okunikezwa kuqala kunikezwa abantu abanempilo enamandla futhi abakhuthele. Abantu abagcina amazinga okukhiqiza aphezulu kuze kube yiminyaka emihlanu ubudala.
Ukukhulelwa kwabesifazane akupheli isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga. Lapho ukuzalisa umlimi, onogwaja, kubalulekile ukuba uhlakazeke ngokocansi ngokushesha. Yenza ngemuva kokukhulelwa, okwenzeka kuzo emva kwezinyanga ezintathu. Lesi sinyathelo sikuvumela ukuba ugweme ukugqoka okuzenzakalelayo okuholela ezinhlobonhlobo ezingafuneki zobudlelwano obuhlobene.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ukulwa phakathi kwabesilisa, abantu abanamandla bangakwazi ukugaya emasendeni omphikisi.
Ukuze ukhethe ngokufanele ukuthi ubulili bezilwane, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlole izitho zabo zofuzo. Ngaphandle, abantu abesilisa nabesifazane bahluka kancane, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni ezintathu ubudala. Ngesikhathi sokuzalwa - lokhu kunzima ukukwenza, abakhiqizi bezilwane abanolwazi banganquma ukuthi ubulili bezingane ezinamaviki amabili anesiqiniseko esingu-100%, ezimweni ezijwayelekile bahlola amantombazane enyanga eyodwa. Omdala lowo muntu, kulula ukucacisa ubulili balo (ngokuqondile, okungaqondile kanye nezici eziyisibili).
Izilwane (mhlawumbe zingakhuli futhi zingaphansi kwezinyanga ezi-3) kumele ziguqulwe ngemuva, zibambe intamo nomsila ukucindezela endaweni endaweni.
Amantombazane azoba ne-original loop ngelimi (pink - encane, futhi obomvu - kubantu abadala), ngaphansi kwalo kukhona uhlaka oluthile, olwenzela umsila.
Amadoda abonakala ngokucacile encane encane emhlophe ngebhogo phezulu. Umuntu omdala, omkhulu ubukhulu bezitho zangasese. Emadodeni amadala, iphoyinti ishintshwe ngeminyaka yobudala: ivuvuka kancane, igoba kancane, futhi ukuma kwayo kufana nesibhamu.
Ukuze ukwandise ikhwalithi ye-okol, kubalulekile ukuthatha umthwalo ophelele wokunquma ubulili besilwane nokuhlukanisa abantu ngesikhathi. Uma uthenga izilwane ezintsha, ungalokothi uthembele emazwini omthengisi, zihlolele ukuthi zingaki abesifazane nabesilisa owathengile.
Ukuhlola ukuzimisela komlenze ukushada naye, kubalulekile ukugcina ukuziphatha kwayo. Uma ekhuthele, ukugijima emgodini ugoqa phansi bese ufaka amazinyo emahlathini akhe, okusho ukuthi ulungele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuhlola isimo sezitho zangasese: i-loop kufanele ibe i-pink ebomvu futhi ivuvuke. Uma uphahlaza owesifazane uzokulala ngesisu sakhe bese ephakamisa imbongolo yakhe. Le nkathi ihlala izinsuku ezingu-3-5.
Ukunakekela Rabbit
Akusizi ngalutho ukuthengisa nokuthenga abantwana, ngoba ukuzivikela kwabo kusenamandla, futhi banesidingo esikhulu sokubisi lwebele. Umthetho wamazwe amaningi awunqatshelwe.
Izinambuzane zivela zeze, ziyimpumputhe nezithulu, kusukela ngosuku lwesibili lokuphila zihlanjululwa kancane ngezinwele, futhi ngosuku lweshumi ziqala ukubona. Zingathathwa kuphela uma zimbozwe ngokuphelele ngeboya.
Umlimi obomvu (kufanele kube ngumuntu oyedwa) ngesikhathi sokuzalwa unesibopho sokuhlola umntanakhe futhi asuse isidumbu esivela esidlekeni. Ukufa kwezinsana ezinogwaja kuphezulu kakhulu
Umama ukhathalela abantwana kanye noma kabili ngosuku, engabaniki imizuzu emihlanu ngokuvakashelwa. Ingqikithi yomsebenzi wayo iwela ngesikhathi esimnyama sosuku, ngakho ukunakekelwa akubonakali kubantu. Emini kungokwemvelo ukuba umama unogwaja abe kude nezingane, ngokwemvelo kungendlela abaphazamisa ngayo abaduni esihlahleni.
Ngokuvamile, ngemva kokubeletha, abesifazane bayaba nobudlova, ngakho-ke yena nenzalo yakhe kumele baphathwe kahle. Ukuhlukunyezwa kufanele kubonwe njengokuvikela ama-cubs akho kusuka engozini engenzeka.
Izinambuzane azizona ezithandayo futhi umbono wokuthi badla inzalo yabo akulungile. Uma enye yezinsana iyalunywa, ubheke ngqo lapho. Uma lokhu kuyisisu, kufanele uqonde ukuthi lo mama ongenalwazi uzame ukuluma intambo, futhi uthatha isifunda esikhulu kakhulu ngamazinyo akhe. Uma ikhanda liye lahlupheka, umzamo womama wokukhipha igobolondo kusukela kubhubhini awuzange uphumelele. Uma usana olusha lunemithomba ye-otkusheny noma izindlebe, lokhu kusho ukuthi umama wasiza ingane ukuba izalwe, ikudonsa ngamazinyo. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kokuqala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhinki anamahloni kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokubeletha nangesikhathi sokubeletha, ngakho-ke, ngokwesaba, angenza izenzo ezingalungile, isibonelo, ngokungahambi kahle izibulo, ngokumvikela engozini.
Kukhona amacala uma benqabe ukusabalalisa, uma besesimweni sokufisa ukukopisha. Umama onjalo akayikwakha isidleke, uhola inzalo ngaphandle kwesihlamba, uphonse izinsana ezisanda kuzalwa, uzivimbele ekunceleni ubisi. Ezimweni ezinjalo, unqunywe amahora angu-8-10, ahlela ukulinganisa okwesibili, futhi okwanelisekile kubuyiselwa emuva enzalweni azinikela ngokuzithandela. Lokhu kwenzeka kaningi nabantu abasha.
Kunoma yikuphi, umbelethi uphoqelekile ukuba aqaphe njalo ukuthi unogwaja akhula kanjani, udinga ukususa izinsana ezifile ngesikhathi esifanele, kanti futhi uma udoti ukhulu kakhulu ukuzala imbewu enempilo enomama, onomlenze omncane. Izilwane zibekezelela iphunga lamandla abantu futhi zidla ngokuzithandela abanye nabantwana babo, ngisho noma zithinta ngezandla zabo. Ngaphambi kokukhipha izinsana ezivela esidlekeni, unogwaja kufanele ususwe lapho, khona-ke ama-cubs kufanele adluliselwe ngokucophelela kwelinye igumbi futhi agcwale amanzi.
