Namuhla emhlabeni kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-250 zezinkomo. Ngokwezinhloso zomkhaya eziyinhloko, zonke zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu - ubisi, inyama kanye nokuhlanganiswa. Ngepulazi elincane, isigaba sokugcina sezinkomo sinesithakazelo esikhulu, ngoba izilwane ezinjalo ziphawuleka kokubili izinkomba zokukhiqiza ubisi ezinhle kanye nokuzuza okusheshayo kwesisindo. Enye yezinhlobo zaseRussia eziqondene nale ndawo ethile yinkomo yeKrasnogorbatov.
Umlando wemvelaphi
Uhlobo lubophezelekile ngegama layo endaweni yokuzala kwalo - isifunda saseGrbatovsky sifundazwe saseNizhny Novgorod (eRussia). Kwakukhona lapha, edolobhaneni laseBogorodskoye, ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19 ukuthi izinkomo zaseTyrolean zavela eSwitzerland (elinye igama lingu-Oberintaler), owanika ubisi wamafutha aphezulu kakhulu, kodwa engaqondakali kahle ngenxa yesimo sezulu esingavamile nokudla, waqala ukuwela izinkomo zase-Prioksky zendawo. Abalimi babengabanikazi bomhlaba ngokwabo; akukho ndlela yesayensi eyasetshenziswa, noma kunjalo, izilwane zasendaweni zombala obomvu zikhethiwe ukuwela, okwathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwaba uphawu oluphawulekayo lohlobo olusha futhi lwaqaphela ingxenye yokuqala yegama layo. 
Ukukhethwa kwabantu kunikeze imiphumela engalindelekile, futhi ukubeletha kwadlula kwadumela ezifundeni ezizungezile, ngokushesha ukuthola udumo lwenye yezwe elihle kakhulu. Izinkomo zaseKrasnogorbatovy zamukelwa ngokomthetho ngo-1926.
Engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu leminyaka lemashumi amabili, lolu hlobo lwaluphuthunyiswa ngokuphinda luwele ngezinkunzi zeTyrolean, kanye nokwengeza igazi enzalweni yasenyakatho enkulu yaseRussia. Kusukela ngawo-1970, ukubeletha kuye kwavela "ngokwawo" ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka kwezakhi zofuzo zangaphandle.
Funda ngezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zezinkomo zobisi nezinyama.
Kodwa-ke, naphezu kokudumile kwayo, namuhla kungabikho muntu ozokhiqiza izinkomo zaseKrasnogorbatovsk eRussia, futhi izinkomo zokuzalisa ekhaya zilahlekelwa phansi ngokushesha. Manje izinkomo zaseKrasnogorbatovsk zenza ngaphansi kwe-1% yenani lezinkomo ezifuywayo eRussia, okuyinto inkomba engadingekile yokukhiqiza okufuywayo okukhiqizwa ekhaya.
Namuhla ungabiza ngamabhizinisi amabili kuphela okukhiqiza ngobuchwepheshe. Ngaphezu kwesitshalo, i-ZAO Ababkovskoe, esendaweni yasePavlovsky yesifunda saseNizhny Novgorod (kuze kube ngo-1918, esifundeni esifanayo saseGrbatovsky), ezweni lokukhiqiza, isitshalo seZimenki, esisedolobheni elifanayo negama le-Murom esifundeni saseVladimir, futhi sigxile ekuzaliseni. 
Incazelo kanye nezici
Izinkomo eziboshiwe esifundazweni saseNizhny Novgorod zinemikhakha ehlukile ehlukile eyenza sikwazi ukuhlukanisa nezinye izinkomo.
Ukubukeka nomzimba
Okuwukuphela kombala wezinhlobo ezibonakalayo zohlobo olubomvu lwe-cherry. Lo mbala ukhanyisa ikakhulukazi ezinkomeni. Umkhuhlane, isicu somsila nesisu samantombazane amancane angase abe nezimpawu ezikhanyayo, kodwa ngokuphambene nalokho, ikhanda nentamo zihlale zimnyama, cishe zibe mnyama. Izimpondo zinamandla futhi azide kakhulu, zibe nomthunzi omnyama, ubumnyama kuze kube semikhawulweni, impumulo ilula pink.
Funda mayelana nezinhlobo zezinkomo ezimhlophe.
Izilwane zalolu hlobo azange zikhulu ngobukhulu:
- ukuphakama kwabantu abadala kumile - ngokuvamile cishe 1 m 20 cm, ngezinye izikhathi amamentimitha amaningana ngaphezulu;
- i-torso ubude - 145-155 cm;
- i-backbone - kulula;
- ikhanda - kufushane;
- intamo - hhayi isikhathi eside kakhulu, kodwa ububanzi;
- isifuba - ububanzi obujulile, ububanzi obungama-36-39 cm, ububanzi buka-60-67 cm no-180-182 cm ngokubhinca;
- ngemuva - iqondile;
- imilenze - ezilwaneni zobulili zombili, eziqondile futhi ezimfushane;
- udder - ubukhulu obuphakathi, izingono zitshalwe eduze, zakhiwe ngendlela efanayo, zinomumo ohlangene.
Ukulinganisa izilinganiso ze-gobies kuyahlukahluka phakathi kuka-650-900 kg, kanye nezinkukhu - 420-650 kg. Naphezu kokulinganisa okunjalo okuthobekile, lo mhlobo uhlukaniswa nomthethosisekelo olinganiselwe kakhulu, owenziwe kancane, kodwa oqinile kanye nemisipha ethuthukile kahle.
Sincoma ukuthola ukuthi yini enquma isisindo senkomo nokuthi yiziphi izinkomba ezilinganiselwe zesisindo kwenkomo, inkomo kanye nethole.
Esinye isici esivela kulo mhlobo ukuphakanyiswa kancane kunomsila omude nobubanzi ophakanyisiwe (okwakubhekwa njengophahla, Nokho, kubhekwa njengomshado).
Izinkomba Zokudla Nezilwane
Izinkomo zaseKrasnogorbatovskie ziyonke. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngokubambisa ubisi, ukulandisa kwamarekhodi omhlaba akushayi, kepha ngokwesilinganiso, ukukhiqizwa kobisi nobisi kubonakala kuhle. Izibalo eziyinhloko eziveza ukubaluleka kwezomnotho:
| Isivuno sesilinganiso sonyaka ngamunye | 2700-4000 kg ubisi |
| Ukukhiqiza okuphezulu | Ngokuqukethwe okuhle kakhulu kungafinyelela ku-6500-8000 kg |
| Isilinganiso samabele obisi | 4,1-4,5% |
| Okuqukethwe okukhulu kwamafutha ebisi | 5-6% |
| Okuqukethwe kwamaprotheni ebisi | kufika ku-4% |
| Inkathi yezivuno ezikhulayo | Ingakwazi ukugcina kuze kube sesishiyagalolunye sesila, bese kunciphisa okuncane emthamo wobisi waminyaka yonke. |
| Isisindo somntwana osanda kuzalwa | 23-29 kg; |
| Isilinganiso sesisindo sesekhondi esisodwa ngosuku | 1 kg |
| Amathole ukuzuza insizi ngezinyanga eziyisithupha | 150-165 kg |
| Ukuhlatshwa inyama | Ngo-54% ngamathole no-62% ezinkomeni; |
| Inyama | Icebile amaprotheni futhi iqukethe inani eliphansi lamafutha, ngakho-ke kulula kakhulu ukugaya. |
| Ukuthanda inyama kanye nobisi | Ubude kakhulu. |
Kubalulekile! Okuqukethwe okunomsoco okunomsoco wobisi lukaKrasnogorbatov kanye nokuqukethwe kwawo okunamafutha kakhulu kwenza kube kufanelekile ekwenzeni okushicilela kanzima kakhudlwana, ukhilimu nemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yobisi.
I-universality of the breed iboniswa ukuthi abanikazi abashisekayo basebenzise ngempumelelo inyama kanye nobisi kuphela, kodwa futhi banesikhumba salezi zilwane. Amandla ayo nokuqina kwazo kunikeza ithuba lokugqoka kahle futhi baziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni izingubo, izicathulo nezesekeli ezihlukahlukene.
Amandla nobuthakathaka
Izinkomo zaseKrasnogorbatovskiy zinamathuba amaningi angenakuphika:
- impahla ephawulekayo ukuvumelanisa nezimo ezihlukahlukene zokuboshwa, ngesikhathi esisodwa iqinisekise ukuthi ukusabalalisa kusakaze cishe kulo lonke izwe laseRussia;
- ukuzivikela okuphezulu kanye nokusinda okuhle kakhulu kwabasha;
- ukungathobeki ezimweni zesondlo kanye nesisekelo sefolda;
- ukumelana nezifo eziningi, ikakhulukazi i-leukemia, i-brucellosis nesifo sofuba;
- ukwakha okuqinile nokumelana nokulimala, kufaka phakathi izimpondo nezinselo (ngaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu yokulimala okungenzeka kuzinkomo kuhlotshaniswa nalezi zingxenye zomzimba);
- ukutholakala kwesisindo ngokushesha kanye nokukwazi ukugcina izici zesisindo ngisho nokuwohloka kwesikhashana emkhakheni wokudla;
- ikhono lokunikeza izinkomba ezinhle zokukhiqiza kokudla okukhululekile, ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwezindleko ezibizayo kanye nezithako zevithamini;
- okuqukethwe okunamafutha aphezulu kanye nokunambitheka kakhulu kobisi;
- inyama yokudla kanye nethenda.
Kungaba usizo kuwe ukuthi ufunde indlela yokubamba inkomo ngendlela efanele futhi yiziphi izinzuzo nokulimaza kwemishini yokukhanda.
Noma kunjalo, izinkabi zikaKrasnogorbatov zinemiphumela ethile yokungathinteki, okungukuthi:
- izitho ezibuthakathaka;
- imisipha engathuthuki;
- ukugcoba kwe-sacrum (kwabanye abantu, emuva nangemuva);
- isakhiwo sobunzima asifaneleki kahle ukushisa umshini (i-lobe ephakathi ayiphuthukisiwe kahle);
- uhlobo oluncane nolungenakufinyeleleka.
Ukunakekela nokondla ukudla
Ngokungafani nezinkhokho zabo, izinkomo zaseTyrolean, i-hybrid yaseKrasnogorbatov izwa kahle kakhulu ngokoqobo kweRussia futhi ayidingi ukwelashwa okhethekile, okuzohlukanisa ngokuphawulekayo okuqukethwe kwalolu hlobo kusuka kwabanye. Uhlobo ngokuvamile lufanelekile kokubili izindlu ezithintekayo nezingezona ezihambelanayo.
Izidingo zegumbi
Njengoba lokhu kuwuhlobo oluthile, igumbi elincanyana lingahle lilungiswe ukuze ligcinwe, kodwa kufanele lisetshenziswe ngokugcwele kusengaphambili, ngaphandle kokulinda ukushisa kwezulu.
Ukukhetha ubukhulu benqolobane, kufanele kucatshangwe ukuthi isilwane kumele sizizwe sikhululekile kuyo.
Kubalulekile! Ubukhulu obujwayelekile benqolobane bubonisa amamitha ayisithupha. amamitha ayisithupha ngomuntu omdala kanye namamitha ayisishiyagalolunye. amamitha ngehora ngalinye nethole elinokuphakama kwamakamelo okungenani ngamamitha ayi-2.5.
Ngakho-ke, inkomazo izokwazi ukulala phansi ngokukhululekile, ivumela izinhlanzi zayo ukuba ziphumule, futhi zihambe kancane, okudingekayo ukuze kusebenze ngokujwayelekile kwazo zonke izitho nezinhlelo. 
Izinkomba zokushisa ezifanele zokugcina izinkomo ziphakathi kuka-15 kuya ku-18 ° C, kanti ebusika i-thermometer akufanele iwele ngaphansi kwe-10 ° C. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukufudumala ikamelo lapho izinkomo zikaKrasnogorbatov zizogcinwa khona, cishe kuzo zonke izifunda zaseRussia naseduze kwamanye amazwe.
Funda ukuthi ungakhela kanjani inkomo yokuzenzela yona.
Esinye sezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zezifo ezithathelwanayo ezithinta umhlambi wezinyosi kungukuntuleka kokuphuza umoya, kodwa umzimba wesilwane uphinde uthinte kabi kakhulu emaphethelweni.
Ukutholakala kwamanzi kumele kuhlinzekwe emgodini, ngoba ukuhlanzeka (kokubili ekamelweni ngokwawo kanye nabakhileyo kulo) kuyimfuneko ephoqelekile, ukuhambisana nokuphi okuzovimbela izigameko zezilwane kanye nokutheleleka ubisi.
Esinye isidingo esibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwegumbi - ukutholakala kokugeleza okunamandla komchamo nomquba, ukugcina udoti ngobomvu nokuhlanzeka. 
Idivaysi yokweqa phansi emgodini: 1 - ukondla; 2 - isabelo slotted phansi; I-3 - Isitokisi somquba Izinto ezibonakalayo ezifana nesithombo, sawdust, isihlabathi, i-peat, umquba owomile, njll kungasetshenziswa njengokulala.
Kubalulekile! Inkomo ngayinye kumele ihlanzwe endaweni yokudla ngaphambi nangemva kokubamba ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-mastitis ehlanzekile!
Kodwa-ke, lokhu kubeka phansi kunezinselelo ezimbili ezibalulekile:
- Okokuqala, kufanele iguqulwe njalo (ilitha kumele lihlale lomile, lihlanzekile futhi lifudumele) futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ithole futhi igcine amasheya amakhulu okusebenza;
- okwesibili, okubi nakakhulu, ama-microorganisms e-pathogenic ayanda kakhulu kulolo lutha, okunye okungahle kube khona okokusebenza okunampofu, kuyilapho enye ingxenye ifika khona emanzini okudla kanye nensimbi.
Lapho siklama inqolobane, akufanele sikhohlwe ngombala onjengokukhanya.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kokukhanyisa okuhle kulula kakhulu inqubo yokuhlanza emgodini, futhi kukuvumela ukuba ubone izinkinga zempilo zabakhileyo kulo ngesikhathi. Ukuze ukhanyiswe okwengeziwe, kungcono ukusebenzisa ama-LED ama-light, angaphezu kwamandla angaphezu kwamandla ama-incandescent. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izinto okuvela kuzo izikhanyiso kumele ziphikisana ne-ammonia, ngoba leli gazi likhishwa ngobuningi bezinkomo ngenkathi umsebenzi wabo obalulekile futhi kungalimaza ezinye izinhlobo zokukhanyisa.
Uyazi? Sekuyisikhathi eside saziwa ukuthi ukwandiswa kokukhanya kwelanga emkhokheni wezinkukhu kukhulisa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kweqanda lokubeka izinkukhu, kodwa izifundo zamuva zibonise ukuthi ngendlela efanayo elula ungakwazi ukwandisa ukondla ubisi lwezinkomo.Ezinye izidingo zifakwe kulungiselelo labasondeza. Ukufinyelela kokudla namanzi kufanele kube lula, izilwane akufanele zixube futhi ziphazamisane ngenkathi yokudla. Kungcono ukwenza umhlinzeki ngesimo se-trapezoid esiphendukekile, ivikela ukudla ngokuhlakazeka ngokweqile, kuhlinzekela ukuhlanza futhi kulungele isilwane ngokwaso. Ibanga elihle ukusuka ku-feeder kuya phansi li-7 cm. Ukulinganisa kokudla:
- ububanzi - 40 cm ngezansi kanye no-60 cm ngenhla;
- ubude - 30 cm esiteshini kanye no-75 cm esiteshini.
Uma abaphakeli bezenziwe ngamapulangwe, amabhodi kumele ahlanzwe kahle, asuse noma yiziphi iziphahla, izipikili ezihambayo nezinye izingxenye ezingalimaza isilwane. Okokugcina, ucabangela ukubekwa kwabaphakeli, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuphefumula kwenkomo endaweni engezansi akufanele kuwele phezu kokuphakelayo, kungenjalo kuyokwenza ukuthi ihlaziye futhi ihlasele.
Uyazi? Ukuze uthole impilo enhle nokukhiqiza ubisi oluphezulu, inkomo idinga ukulala phansi kwamahora angu-12 ngosuku - kuphela kulokhu isilwane sithola ukuphumula okufanele.
Izitsha zokuphuza kumele zibekwe kude nabanikazi bokudla ukuze amanzi avela kubo ahlangani ne-feed. Kungcono ukusebenzisa amanzi okuzenzekelayo kulabo abaphuza; uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, amanzi kumele ashintshwe njalo.
Isitayela sezinkomo eziphakathi kwe-Krasnogorbat singenziwa ngemigoqo yokhuni noma amapayipi ensimbi. Kubalulekile ukuthi zilungiswe kahle, ngaphandle kwalokho isilwane singalimala kabi. Indawo yenkomo esitokisini kufanele icabange indawo yondla (kusuka eceleni kombhozi) bese uvula imfucuza (kusuka emsila).
Ukuhlanza inqolobane
Ngamalungiselelo afanele enqolobaneni (ukutholakala kwamanzi okuzenzekelayo, ukutholakala kwemigodi yomchamo nomquba, ukukhanya okuhle kanye nokulala okuvamile okungokwemvelo okuvela ezintweni eziphathelene nemvelo) ukuhlanza njalo kungenziwa ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu. 
Umnikazi okwanele:
- susa ukudla okusele okusuka kubanikazi bokudla;
- bahlanza abaphuzi kanye neziphuzo;
- hlambulula i-flooring;
- ngezikhathi ezithile ukukhipha amagciwane.
Kubalulekile! Izinkomo zaseKrasnogorbatovskiy, kanye nabameleli bezinye izinkomo, kumele zihlungwe ngendlela ehlelekile futhi ehlobo zigezwe. Ukusika izinselo nezimpondo nakho kuyindlela enhle yokuhlanzeka.
Kuzo zonke izinhlawulo kanye nokukhuthazela kwayo, inkomo yaseKrasnogorbat isabela kahle kakhulu ekuqedeni isimiso sansukuzonke: ukuze izinkomba zokukhiqiza zihlale ezingeni eliphakeme, zonke izinqubo zangasese, ukuhlanza, ukuhlanza, ukugeza, nokudla kumele zihlale zenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ukulandelana okufanayo.
Ukudla nokuphuza
Imikhuba yokudla yezinkomo zikaKrasnogorbatov incike ekupheleni kweminyaka kanye nenhloso yesilwane (inyembezi, ukuzalisa ithole, inkomo yenyama eyomile, ukulimaza amantombazane, amathole anonile, njll). Kodwa ngokuvamile, ukudla kwezilwane kuhluke kancane kunalokho kwezinye izinhlobo.
Kudingeka ukondle izinkomo kathathu ngosuku - ukudla okwesine ngosuku kuyadingeka kuphela kwabesifazane esikhathini sokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ekuseni nasebusuku, izilwane zinikezwa ukudla okunomsoco nokusanhlamvu. Ukudla okunzima kuhlukaniswe izingxenye eziningana futhi kunikezwe ukugcina, futhi kugxilwe - ngokuphambene nalokho, ekuqaleni.
Kubalulekile! Ukondla izinkomo ezilahlayo zidinga ngemuva kokugubha, hhayi phambi kwakhe.
Ebusika, izinkomo kufanele zinikezwe izitshalo ezihlanjululwe kahle futhi zihlanjululwe kahle, kanti ehlobo, ukubeletha kungcono kakhulu kugcinwe emadlelweni.
Ngaphambi kokufinyelela kokuqala kudlelo lazo zonke izilwane, udokotela wezilwane kufanele ahlole. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kudliwe kuqala, ukuze ukushintshwa kokudla ehlobo kwenziwe kancane kancane, hhayi ngesisu esingenalutho. Zonke izinkomba zomkhiqizo wohlobo ngokuqondile zixhomeke kwikhwalithi yemifino utshani: ukukhiqiza ubisi, okuqukethwe okunamafutha nokubunjwa okunomsoco wobisi, inzuzo yesisindo. 
Ngenkathi kudla, izilwane kufanele zifinyelele emanzini ahlanzekile, kodwa amadlelo ngokwawo kufanele abe omile ngokuphelele (izinkomo eziwela odakeni lwezinselo ziba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yayo). Kudingeka ukuphuza izinkomo emva kokudla okunye; ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga lokushisa kwamanzi kufanele lihambelane nokushisa kwemoya futhi kungenjalo kungabi ngaphezu kuka-10 ° C.
Kumele uqiniseke ukuthi umhlambi awugcini ngokweqile: ezinsukwini ezishisayo kakhulu, izilwane kudingeka zibuyiselwe esitolo noma ziqinisekise ukuthi ziyakwazi ukufihla emthunzini.
Funda mayelana nokuthi ungakwenza kanjani ukudla okunembile inkomo yobisi, kanye nokuthi yiziphi izimpawu zokudla zezinkomo ezomile.
Kumele kukhunjulwe: izinkomo ziphendula ngokuthula ezimweni ezingahle zithande izindlu, kodwa zikhetha kakhulu ngezinga lokudla. Uhlobo lwasekhaya lubonisa ukungahloniphi komzimba ekwakheni ukondla, kodwa uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye, okungenasisekelo kakhulu, izihlobo zazo. Zonke izinkomba zokukhiqiza okukhulunywe ngenhla zinganikezwa kuphela lapho umhlambi wezinyosi udla ngokuhambisana nemigomo ebekiwe. 
Inkomo yaseKrasnogorbatovskaya ngaphambilini yayithandwa kakhulu endaweni yethu ngenxa yezinzuzo zayo eziningi, ukuhlukanisa kahle phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo. Ukuhlaselwa okubukhali okubalulekile kuyo kubangelwa ukukhiqizwa kwezinqubo zokubambisa, okwakhiwa kwesimo semithi yesimo semfuyo akuyona efanelekile. Kodwa-ke, emapulazini amancane angasese, izinkomo ezibomvu eziqhamukayo, ezibhekene nokukhuthazela okumangalisayo nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu ekukhiqizeni, kungakhona kube umcebo wangempela.
