Njenganoma yiziphi ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo, izinkukhu zidinga ukunakekelwa nokukhathalela ingxenye yomnikazi.
Ngokukhethekile acutely bazizwa isidingo feed.
Yiqiniso, ehlobo, lezi zinyoni zikwazi ukuzinakekela ngokwanele ukudla, uma zikhona isikhala esanele sokuhamba.
Kodwa namanje, abakwazi ukuhambahamba emgwaqweni unyaka wonke futhi badle izinambuzane ezimweni zethu zezulu, ngakho sizozama ukubona ukuthi lezi zinyoni kufanele zondliwe kanjani futhi unyaka wonke.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthi ngokushesha inyoni izothola isisindo sayo, ijubane, futhi ikhombise ukusizwa kwenkukhu kuyoxhomeka ekudleni ngokuqondile.
Yiluphi uhlobo lokudla olungasetshenziselwa ukondla izinkukhu: izinzuzo nezindleko zezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene
Izinkukhu eziningi zezinkukhu zifihla ekufeni lapho zikhetha ukuthi zondla izinkukhu zazo. Emva kwakho konke, abanye bacabanga ukuthi kuyindlela engcono yokonga okusanhlamvu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kunzima ukungavumelani lokho okunomsoco kuningi ukudla okuhlanganisiwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inzuzo enkulu ye-compound edlayo yikhono lokuzixuba ngokuzimela, ngaleyo ndlela, ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuthenga umkhiqizo ophansi.
Ukwakhiwa kwesondlo kungaba okungafani ngokuphelele, umthetho owodwa onesibopho - zonke izingxenye kumele zibe phansi. Uhlobo lokugaya lungahle lukhethwe, uma kungenjalo okusanhlamvu okusetshenzisiwe ngeke kube nje ufulawa.
Futhi Ukudla okumile kungcono ukunganiki izinkukhu. Ngendlela encane kakhulu, izothakazelisa kakhulu izinyoni, ikakhulukazi kusukela noma yiziphi ezinye izithako ezingeziwe zingangeniswa ekudleni okunjalo ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Ebusika, ama-wet futhi afudumele ayenziwa kusuka kokuphakelayo.
Ukuxoxa ngezithako zokudla kwezinkukhu
Ngokuvamile, ngenxa yezingxenye zokudla, izinkukhu zezinkukhu zikhetha okusanhlamvu ezisekuseni futhi ezingathengwa ngeshibhile. Ngamanye amazwi, kumlimi ngamunye wezinkukhu, ukwakheka kokudla kungase kuhluke ngokuphelele, kuyilapho kunesidlo esifanayo nenyoni yezinyoni.
Ngezansi sibheka izingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu ezinconywa ukuthi zizisebenzise:
- Ngokolweni.
Le nxenye kufanele ibe yinto eyisisekelo kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lokudla, ngoba ukolweni uyakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngale nyoni ngamandla amaningi. Ikakhulukazi, ukuze kugcinwe izinga lokukhiqizwa kweqanda leLeggornov ngesilinganiso sama-70%, kudingeka badle okungenani 220 Kcal ngosuku.
Isiqondiso esinjalo sigcwalisa irayisi ngokulingana kwamagremu ayi-100, noma kunjalo, ukupha inkukhu ngelayisi kuyabiza kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukhululekile ukungeza okungenani u-70% walokhu okusanhlamvu ku-feed ekamakhiwe, futhi awukwazi ukukhathazeka ngezidingo zezinkomo zakho.
Uma ungenalo inqwaba yekolweni, ukufika ku-30-40% ubuningi bayo kungenziwa esikhundleni sommbila ochotshoziwe.
- Ibhali.
Lokhu okusanhlamvu kuye kwacatshangwa ukuthi kungenye yezandla zokudla zonke izilwane zezolimo, ngakho-ke izinkukhu azifani. Kodwa ngesimo esomile, izinkukhu zithemba kakhulu ukugqoka okusanhlamvu kwebhali, ngoba kuneziphetho ezikhonjiwe emaphethelweni okumboza okusanhlamvu.
Akudingekile ukufaka okuningi kwebhali ku-feed, u-10% uyokwanela. Futhi, lesi sitshalo sezinhlamvu singathatha indawo engama-10% kakolweni.
- Oats.
Ama-oats ayigugu kakhulu ekukhulisweni kwezilwane ngoba aqukethe inani elikhulu lamaprotheni, okungukuthi, amaprotheni. Kodwa, njengoba kube uphawu lweyunithi yokuphakelayo, ama-oats anezinselele zabo-inani elikhulu le-fiber.
Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokugaya lokhu okusanhlamvu, inkukhu isebenzisa amandla amaningi. Kule ndaba, ubuningi bawo ekubunjweni kokudla akufanele kudlule u-10%.
- Izitshalo zezinyosi, ikhekhe kanye nokudla.
Izingxenye ezinjalo zifakwa ezondleni ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi ziqukethe amafutha. Isibonelo, ikhekhe, okuyinto edoti etholakala emva kokususa amafutha okushisa okubandayo, iqukethe amafutha emifino ayi-8 kuya ku-10%.
Ukudla akulona okunamafutha kakhulu (okuyi-1% kuphela), ngoba itholakala njengomphumela wokukhipha amafutha. Ekubunjweni kwekhekhe lokudla, ukudla, i-soybean kanye nezinhlamvu ze-sunflower kungaba kuphela ngo-5-8%.
- Ukudla kwezilwane.
Lesi sigaba sokondla sibhekisela enhlanzi nasenyama nasetheni lesifuba. Yiqiniso, izinkukhu, lezi zithako zinomsoco futhi ziwusizo, kodwa uma uzithenga kufanele uchithe imali encane. Ngakho-ke, abalimi bezinkukhu bavame ukuphatha ngaphandle kwalezi zakhi, ukukhetha ukudla okuvela emvelweni kuphela ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka. Kodwa namanje, ukudla kuzoba okunomsoco kakhulu uma ufaka okungenani izinhlanzi ezingu-3-5% noma inyama nenyama yethambo.
Ngakho-ke, ngokulandela izincomo ezingenhla, ingxenye enkulu yondla (i-70%) kufanele ibe ngokolweni, u-10% webhali nama-oats, izitshalo eziqukethe amafutha angu-5, futhi cishe u-5% wokubunjwa kungagcwaliswa ngokudla kwesilwane, ama-premixes, u-choki noma ama-seashell.
Kodwa akekho owakhuthaza ekuhlolweni kwakho, ngakho zama ukufaka ezinye izithako ekudleni kokuhlanganiswa.
Kuyathakazelisa ukufunda ngokupheka ukudla ngezandla zakho.
Imifino kanye nemifino yezimpande ekudleni kwezinkukhu: yiziphi izinhlobo okufanele zinikezwe?
Imifino ehlukahlukene yemifino, enikezwa izinkukhu, iqukethe izakhi eziningi namavithamini. Kungcono ukubanikeza okuluhlaza, ukuze inani labo linganciphisi.
Futhi kubalulekile ukuwageza ngaphambi kokuwagcoba ngothuli ukuze kungangeni emzimbeni wenyoni kanye nokudla. Izimpande ezincibilikile ezihlanjululwe ku-cuttings noma ezigayiwe, eziletha esimweni se-pulp noma unamathisele. Kule fomu, ingaxutshwa namanye ama-feed.
Ama-karoti avame ukusetshenziselwa ukondla izinkukhu ezifuywayo. Inzuzo yalo enkulu yi-vitamin A, kanye nekhono lokususa ngokuphelele amafutha wezinhlanzi.
Iqoqa izakhiwo eziwusizo kakhulu ngokwakho ekwindla, ngokushesha emva kokuvuna. Phakathi nesitoreji, cishe isigamu samavithamini alahlekile.
Kuhle kakhulu isanqante sisebenza ekukhuleni kwenkukhuokuyinto enikezwa ngesamba esingu-15-20 amagremu ngamunye, kepha izinkukhu ezindala zinganikwa amagremu angu-30 ngayinye. Ama-karoti, njengamathambo, asetshenziselwa ukondla izinkukhu njengomthombo we-carotene.
Ukondla izinkukhu kuyasiza futhi ukusebenzisa amazambane kanye ne-sugar beet. Ngalokhu, lokhu ungasebenzisa ukuhlunga nokungafanelekile kokudla noma okunye ukucubungula kwezimpande.
Kodwa-ke, kokubili amazambane kanye nesithombo sebhitrudi, kukhona i-solanine, engathandeki kakhulu ukunikezwa izinkukhu zokudla. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ususe, lezi zimpande ziphephe bese unikeza kuphela kuleli fomu.
Izinkukhu ziyakuthanda amazambane abilisiwe futhi zingadliwa kalula. Phakathi nosuku, umuntu oyedwa angadla amagremu angama-100 amazambane ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi. Bangadliwa ngisho nezinkukhu ezincane, kusukela ezineminyaka eyizinsuku ezingu-15-20.
Sebenzisa izithelo ukuze ukhule izinkukhu
Ungafaka izithelo ezihlukahlukene ekudleni kwezinkukhu ezizenzekelayo, ikakhulukazi uma unyaka ukhula futhi kukhona inqwaba yabo ensimini.
Ngakho izinyoni Unganika ama-apula, amapheya, amaplamu, kanye namaqebelengwane apula atholakala kuma-apula.
Futhi, njengendlela yokudla, ungasebenzisa kokubili izithabe ezivuthiwe kanye notamatisi. Kumelwe zinikezwe izinyoni endaweni echotshoziwe, ngoba ngokuvamile abakwazi ukudla ngokuphelele i-apple. Inhloko eyodwa enezinyosi kumele ingabi ngaphezu kuka-15-20 amagremu ezithelo.
Ngokuvamile, izithelo kufanele zibe ukudla okungenasidingo kwezinkukhu, lapho, noma kunjalo, impilo yabo kanye nekhono lokuthwala amaqanda aphakeme kakhulu kuxhomeke. Ngokuyinhloko, ukondla okuphezulu kwenza iqanda likhuphuke kakhulu eligcwele umbala.
Kubalulekile futhi kulawo maqiniso lapho izinyoni zigcinwa ezigodini ezivaliwe nezikhala, ngaphandle kokukwazi ukuthola ukudla okuluhlaza ngokuzimela.
Inani lefolda eluhlaza okwezempilo nokukhula kwezinkukhu
Ukudla okuluhlaza kuyimithombo esemqoka yamavithamini ezinkukhu. Lezi zinkukhu zidliwa kuphela izingxenye eziluhlaza zezitshalo ezincane. Ekubeni kwezinkukhu zokuhamba zamahhala zizihlinzeka ngokwanele kokudla okuwusizo.
Inzuzo eyinhloko yokudliwa okunjalo yilabo fodder eluhlaza kuyindlela esemqoka yokuthola i-vitamin K ngezinkukhu.
Ukuntuleka kwalo emzimbeni wenyoni kuzobonisa izindawo zamanzi emaqanda, ukunciphisa ngamandla e-blood capillaries, ukuphazamiseka kwegazi ekukhukhuleni kwezinkukhu, kanye nezimo zokufa kwezingane ezisemathunjini ngezikhathi ezehlukene zokufakelwa kwamaqanda.
Ukudla okuluhlaza kwezinkukhu kungamelwa ngamakhambi alandelayo:
- Alfalfa.
- I-Peas (ngenkathi kuqukethe amahlumela kuphela).
- I-Clover.
- Iklabishi engemuva.
- I-Nettle.
Imithi yokugcina ekhulunywa ngayo - isambuzane - yiyona ebaluleke kunazo zonke ukudla kwezinyoni, ngoba iqukethe amaprotheni amaningi namavithamini ahlukahlukene okudingekayo emzimbeni wenkukhu.
Kubalulekile ukuqoqa inambuzane yokudla izinyoni kusukela entwasahlobo, kanti amaqabunga awo ayengakabi kakhulu futhi aqukethe amavithamini amaningi. Ngokuyinhloko, amaqabunga enambuzane aqukethe i-vitamin K. Kodwa, ngaphandle kwalo, isalokhu inothile ensimbi nangama-manganese, okuphindwe kathathu ngaphezu kwalo ku-alfalfa. Ukuthungatha kucebile ngethusi kanye ne-zinc.
Ngaphezu kokusha, amaqabunga aqoshiwe, amaqabunga enambuzane, izinkukhu zinikezwa ufulawa, i-vitamin paste kanye nembewu yenambuzane.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunikeza izinkukhu izinkukhu, cishe kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila kwazo.
I-nettle eyomile kanye nembewu yayo ivame ukungezwa ku-mash ehlukahlukene. Ngolunye usuku, ama-30-50 amagremu we-nettle mass mass azokwanela abantu abadala, futhi owomile - ama-5-10 amagremu kuphela.
I-Kale iphinde isondlo esihle samazinku. Inzuzo yayo phezu kwezinye izitshalo ezikhulunywe ukuthi iklabishi iyakwazi ukugcinwa igcwele kuze kufike entwasahlobo, cishe ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yizimfanelo zayo.
Kunganikwa kuphela izinyoni ngendlela yenhlanganisela eqoshiwe kakhulu, exutshwe nofulawa. Futhi, ngokuvamile abalimi bezinkukhu benza i-klabishi silage, noma, ngamanye amazwi, iklabishi e-pickle kanye nokuchitha kuwo, enezela inani elincane likasawoti.
Ebusika, ama-cabbages angafakwa ngqo endlini ukuze izinkukhu zikwazi ukuphumelela futhi ziyiqede.
Ungadonsa izinkukhu futhi zidle imifino ehlukahlukene yemifino, okungukuthi, isithombo sebhitrudi, noma i-carrot phezulu. Ngamanani amancane, bathanda ukudla iziqongo zesithombo kanye ne-swede.
Ngaphambi kokuba unikele eziqongweni zezinyoni, kufanele igeze futhi ichotshozwe kahle. Kungcono ukuxuba umthamo oluhlaza obusayo ngokudla okumanzi, okwenza kube nemishini enomsoco kakhulu.
Umthombo we-vitamin C ne-carotene ngezinyoni kungaba amaqabunga omuthi nezinaliti. Izinsiza zePine kanye ne-spruce zidinga ukuvunwa ngendlela yamagatsha we-lapnik, futhi lokhu kwenziwa ebusika, kusukela ekupheleni kukaNovemba kuze kuFebhuwari. Kumele futhi kuqoshiwe kakhulu futhi ngobuncane bengeziwe kumash.
Idla kakhulu ekwindla nasebusika, lapho ukudla okuncane okweluhlaza kanye nezinyoni kungabhekana nemikhuhlane. Kumuntu oyedwa kufanele avela ku-3 kuya ku-10 amagremu ezinaliti.
Yikuphi okusanhlamvu nokuthi yikuphi okumele kunikelwe izinkukhu?
Ngenhla, sesivele sikhuluma mayelana nokudla okuhlanganiswayo nokuthi ziwusizo kakhulu ezinkukhu. Kodwa-ke, uma kungenakwenzeka ukugaya okusanhlamvu kokudla okuxubile, ungayinika nakho konke. Ngokuyinhloko, okusanhlamvu nokolweni okusanhlamvu kunganikezwa ngendlela eyomile, kodwa ama-oats kumele ahlungwe amahora angu-24 noma ahlume kusengaphambili.
Nakuba okusanhlamvu kuqukethe ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kakhulu kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezakhi zomzimba, kodwa azikho amaprotheni amaningi kanye nama-amino acids kuwo. Kule ndaba, ngaleyo ndlela yokudla ukugxila okuqukethe amaprotheni kufanele wengezwe ekudleni kwezinyoni.
Lawa yi-lupins fowder, amafolda amabhontshisi nama-peas. Banikezwa izinkukhu kuphela ezihlanjululwe ukungcola nokuchotshozwa, ukuze izinhlamvu zingabanjwa emphinjeni. Izinhlamvu ezinkulu zezinyoni zingase zingaboni ngisho, kepha kubalulekile ukuthi ungabikho ubhontshisi obuncane kakhulu, ukuze kungabangeli ukuvuleka kwezinkukhu zokukhukhumeza izinkukhu.
Uma ukondla izinkukhu ezincane ngokusanhlamvu, kudinga ukugaya kahle, ukuhlunga ngaphambi kwesihlungo. Lapho intsha ikhula, inganikezwa okusanhlamvu ngendlela efakwe.
Ukudla kwezilwane: kungani ukondla izinyoni?
Sesivele sikhulume ngalesi sigaba se-feed, kepha siphinde ubheke inani labo izinkukhu. Inyama nesifuba kanye nesidlo sezinhlanzi ziqukethe ngokuphelele isethi yama-amino acids ukuthi imvelo yemifino idinga ukusebenza ngokugcwele.
Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kokudla kwesilwane kukhulu kakhulu kubonakala kahle ekukhiqizeni kweqanda futhi kuncelisa isizukulwane esincane senkukhu.
Kodwa, ngaphezu kwale mikhiqizo, bavame ukungeza kokudla kwezinkukhu ezifuywayo:
- Ubisi lwekhono.
- I-Serum (ebaluleke kakhulu ukunikeza abasha).
- I-Buttermilk
- I-cottage ushizi.
- Casein.
- I-Shellfish
- Imifino ejwayelekile (ezinye izinkukhu zezilwane ezinomkhuhlane zisebenza ikakhulukazi ekutshalweni kwazo ukuze zondle izinkukhu ebusika).
Kubalulekile ukunikeza ukondla kwezinkukhu ezivela emfuyweni ngoba ziqukethe amafutha amaningi. Ukuntuleka kwabo kungabangela izinhlanzi ezinzima ezinyoni, ukulahleka okukhulu kakhulu endaweni yangemuva. Kodwa okubi kunazo zonke yilokho ngokuntuleka kwamafutha ezilwane ezinkukhu, ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kunciphise kakhulu, bona ube namahloni.
Sinikeza izinyoni ngesilinganiso esidingekayo samanzi
Umsebenzi obalulekile nokuqina komzimba wezinkukhu ngaphandle kwamanzi amaningi ngokwanele akunakwenzeka. Amanzi enye, cishe ebaluleke kakhulu, ingxenye yokudla kwanoma yiziphi izinhlobo zezinyoni.
Ngakho-ke, umzimba womuntu oyedwa unamakholi angu-70%. Uma okungenani inzalo yawo engu-25% ilahlekile, khona-ke le nyoni ingase ingafi. Uma i-hen yokubeka ingenalo ithuba lokuphuza amanzi isikhathi sezinsuku ezimbili, khona-ke i-egg-laying izokuma masinyane, futhi, elula ezinye izinsuku ezingu-5 noma ezingu-8 esimweni esibuhlungu, uzofa ngokuqinisekile.
Ngakho-ke, unike izinyoni izinyoni nsuku zonke, kanye nawo wonke okuphakelayo okungenhla. Kubalulekile ukuthi amanzi awafudumala kakhulu, hhayi kubanda kakhulu.
Ukushisa kwalo okunamandla kusuka ku-+10 kuya ku-15ºС. Amanzi angakanani adingekayo izinyoni ayoxhomeka ekushiseni kwemoya - ukushisa kunamanzi amaningi adingekayo. Uma kusetshenziselwa izinga lokushisa lomuntu oyedwa +12 kuya ku-+18 ºС uyakwazi ukuphuza cishe ngamamitha ayizigidi ezingu-250, uma ngabe i-thermometer ikhuphuka ngaphezu kuka-+35 ºС, lowo muntu uyodinga cishe ama-milliliters angu-350.
Ebusika, izinkukhu ziyakuthanda iqhwa, kepha ngale ndlela azibuyisi sonke isidingo samanzi. Yebo, futhi ukusetshenziswa kweqhwa yedwa kuzokwenzela izifo ezihlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, endlini kumele kube uphuze amanzi: kulabo abafudumalayo - kusihlwa, nakubantu abangathandeki - kungcono ekuseni futhi bahlale befudumala kancane.
