Ngokufika kwamanzi esiteji esivame ukubhekana nabanikazi bezindlu zangasese nezindlu zokuhlala. Lesi simo asigcini nje senze kube nzima ukusebenzisa izindlu zangasese izidingo zomkhaya, kodwa futhi kunomthelela omubi kulo lonke isakhiwo. Ngokuvamile, izikhukhula zibangelwa amanzi angaphansi komhlaba - cabangela ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe ukuze ususe uketshezi olungadingekile engaphansi, nezizathu zalokho okukhona.
Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba
I-aquifer eseduze esivela emhlabathini, evame ukutholakala emadwaleni angabonakali, ebizwa ngamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Kuvame ukubunjwa ngaphansi kwethonya lemvula kanye namanzi angena emzimbeni wamanzi angaphezulu. 
Ukukhanya kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba kuyahluka futhi kuncike ezintweni ezihlukahlukene.
Okuvame kakhulu kubo kungokulandelayo:
- inani lemvula, amanzi ancibilikile;
- Izinguquko ezinqolobaneni ezondla amanzi angaphansi komhlaba;
- umsebenzi womuntu owenziwe ngumuntu (iziteshi zamanzi kagesi, imigodi nezindawo zokugcina amanzi, izimayini, ama-effluents ezimboni, njll).
Emanzini angaphansi komhlaba, kunezinhlobonhlobo ezifana nombhobho wamanzi, i-liquid eqoqa inhlabathi engenhla engenalutho engaphezulu komhlaba ongenamanzi (ubumba, loam). Nguye oqoqa eziqhingini, obala imigwaqo futhi encike kakhulu emvula.
Funda indlela yokwakha ikamelo elingaphansi kwezwe, indlela yokwenza igumbi elingaphansi kwegalaji, indlela yokufaka igumbi lepulasitiki, indlela yokwenza umoya wokugcoba emiphongolweni, ukukhipha amagundane emiphongolweni.
Ingqimba yamanzi emhlabathini, ngokungafani ne-artesian, ayinayo ingcindezi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, la manzi ngokuvamile awafaneleki ukuphuza futhi angcolile ngamachiza ahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi umuntu, okwenziwe ukungcola okukhulu. 
Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba angaba nokuhlukunyezwa okunjalo:
- i-acid jikelele;
- i-leaching;
- i-magnesia;
- i-sulphate;
- i-carbon dioxide.
Konke kubo ngandlela-thile bachitha i-calcium carbonate futhi baholele ekubhujisweni khonkolo.
Uyazi? Emhlabeni, amamitha angu-96% asemanzini, cishe ama-1.5% ngamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, kanti amanye ama-1.5% ama-glaciers aseGreenland nase-Antarctica. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isabelo samanzi ahlanzekile singama-2.5% kuphela - ingxenye enkulu kakhulu emanzini angaphansi komhlaba kanye nama-glaciers.
Iyini ingozi ekhaya
Amazinga aphezulu wamanzi angathinta kabi isakhiwo esikhona:
- uketshezi olungavumelekile, ukungabi namanzi nokubunjwa kungabonakala engaphansi, kuyobe kungenakusetshenziswa;
- i-admixtures enobudlova yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba ichitha ukhonkolo, futhi isisekelo singalahlekelwa amandla okuphatha;
- ukuqoqwa phakathi nesikhathi samanzi aphezulu emvula kungaphazamisa indlela esiteshini, ugeze izindonga, uphawule amahlathi.
Izinga eliphezulu lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba kubhekwa njengendawo yabo ngaphezu kokujula kwamamitha amabili. Kodwa okwenzekayo ngezansi kwamamitha amabili kubhekwa njengephansi futhi wamukelwa ngabakhi.
Uma ukwakha indlu kufanele njalo unqume izinga lemvelo engaphansi komhlaba. Ukuhlolwa kwezemvelo kungenza lokhu okungcono kunazo zonke. Kodwa uma ungafuni ukusebenzisa izinsizakalo zenkampani yangaphandle, ungakwazi ukucacisa ukuthi amanzi angaphansi komhlaba atholakala ezingeni lensiza emthonjeni wakho (noma olandelayo).
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungcono ukukala leli zinga ekwindla, ngesikhathi semvula, noma entwasahlobo, uma kuncibilika iqhwa. Uma kwakhiwa i-cottage ebiza kakhulu kusadingeka ukuba usebenzise izinsizakalo ezikhethekile.
Ubuchwepheshe be-geological buzotusa indawo engcono kakhulu yesakhiwo, ukukhetha okuhle kwesistimu nesisekelo samanzi.
Uyazi? Izinga lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba eliphakeme kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwezindlu lingabuye lithathwe yizimpawu zikazwelonke. Sekuyisikhathi eside kuphawula ukuthi umhlanga, i-horsetail, i-willow ne-alder ikhula ezindaweni zokulala emanzini.
Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba esingaphansi nokuthi ungabhekana kanjani nabo: ividiyo
Izimbangela zamanzi
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukhiqiza phansi, kufanele unqume imbangela yokubonakala kwamanzi uphinde uyisuse ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Khona-ke ungakwazi ukukhipha izindawo ezikhukhulayo.
I-liquid engathandeki ingavela engaphansi kwezizathu ezihlukahlukene:
- amanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Lesi yisizathu esivame kakhulu sokukhukhula komhlaba;
- ukuqoqwa kwemvula emva kwemvula ngesistimu engasetshenzisiwe yamanzi noma ukungabi khona kwayo;
- ingress amanzi ancibilikile. Lesi simo sivame ukuqala ukungabi namanzi okwanele kwesakhiwo kanye nokungabi khona kwamanzi okukhipha izitshalo eziqongelelwe. Lokhu kuvame ukubonwa ezindaweni eziphansi kanye nezinye izindawo zokuqoqwa kwamanzi;
- ukuphazamiseka esisekelo ngenxa yokuphulwa kobuchwepheshe bokwakha;
- ukuqhutshwa kwamapayipi engaphansi;
- ukunciphisa uma kwenzeka umoya ophuthumayo.
Indlela yokususa amanzi esiteji esingaphansi
Uma isitezi siphezulu, lezi zindlela ezilandelayo zingasetshenziswa ukuqeda:
- Ukuze uphuthule isikhathi esisodwa se-fluid engadingeki, ungasebenzisa iphompo yezindleko eziphansi. Kodwa ingasetshenziswa uma izinga lokukhukhula lincane. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukuhlola ukuthi ayikho udoti emanzini.
- Ukuhlanza amanzi ngokusebenzisa ipompo yokudonsa. Ngalesi sizathu, ungaxhumana nenkampani efanelekayo enikezela ngezinsizakalo zokupaka amanzi, noma ukuthenga ipompo nokuxazulula le nkinga yedwa.
Indlela yokupompa ngokusebenzisa ipompo ibhekwa ngokuphumelelayo.
Kungasiza futhi ukuthi ufunde ukwakha isitofu saseDutch, ukwenza isitofu ngesitofu, indlela yokukhetha isitofu sokushisa eside, indlela yokufaka umshini wokushisa amanzi, indlela yokukhetha itanki le-septic le-dacha.
Ukuze ususe ngokuzenzekelayo uketshezi oluthe xaxa kusuka esiteji ngepompo, udinga ukulandela imiyalo elandelayo:
- emkhatsini wesiteji senza ukujula nokufaka i-tank eplastiki, edlala indima yokushayela. Amakholo akhiwa emzimbeni wetanki elinjalo;
- leli tangi liboshwe nge-geotextile ukuvikela kusuka kuzikhukhula. Ngezansi uthele igravel ehle ukufaka ipompo;
- khona-ke impompi yokudonsa ifakwe ebhakheni elungiselelwe ngale ndlela. Igebe eliphakathi kwalo nomgodi ligcwele ingxube yekhonkri. I-float etholakala epompini inquma izinga lamanzi elidingekayo, futhi uhlelo luphendula ngokuzenzakalelayo ipompo lokupompa uketshezi. Ngemuva kwenqubo yokupompa, uhlelo luvala phansi;
- Ukuze ususe imfucuza yamanzi ephansi, i-hose noma amapayipi akhethekile axhunyiwe kuhlelo olunjalo.
Ipump yokupompa iphakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili - i-submersible futhi yangaphandle. Uma ukhetha ipompo eliphathekayo, lifakwa endaweni ephakathi ketshezi, lapho itholakala kulo lonke umsebenzi. Amapompo angaphandle aphakanyiswe emanzini ngokufaka ibhokisi elingxenyeni elingaphansi, kanti ingxenye engaphezulu iphezulu.
Ngakho-ke, ukuphuma kwamanzi angcolile kwenzeka endaweni engaphansi komhlaba. Ukuze kuvinjelwe indawo engaphansi kwezingqalazizinda, kuyadingeka ukuthatha izinyathelo ezifanele ukusetha uhlelo oluhle lwamanzi.
Okufanele ukwenze: indlela yokuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi
Ukuze kukhishwe umswakama endlini engaphansi, kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene, kuye ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yesibalo saso.
Ukuhlelwa kwepaki
Indlela elula yokuqeda ukubonakala kwamanzi egumbini elingaphansi komuntu siqu ukusetha umgodi. Le ndlela ayithengi futhi ayidingi isikhathi esiningi, ngakho-ke ivame ukusetshenziswa ezindlini ezizimele nezindlu zangasese. 
Ukuze uhlomise kahle umgodi, izinyathelo ezinjalo kufanele zithathwe:
- Phakathi nendawo engaphansi, bamba imbobo ngokuma kwe-cube cishe 1 m³ ngevolumu. Kodwa kufanelekile ukucabangela - ekamelweni elikhulu, lapho umgodi ugujwa khona;
- Phakathi naphakathi komgodi othosiwe, i-groove yenziwa lapho ibhakede lensimbi elingenasici lifakwa khona. Umhlabathi ojikeleze ibhakede elinjalo uphethwe kahle;
- sibeka umgodi othosiwe ngesitini, bese siwumboza ngendonga yamasenti mayelana no 2-3 cm;
- ngaphezulu kwendawo igridi yensimbi. Igebe emkhatsini wemishayo kufanele livumele ipompo ukukhipha amanzi;
- ukumba amathangi amancane emgodini bese umboza ngamateyili ukwenza ama-drain.
Amalunga aphakathi kwama-tile futhi azokwenza umsebenzi wamanzi.
Ukulungiswa kwe-dacha uzoba nesithakazelo sokufunda ukwenza ishazi ehlobo, ukwakha i-pool yokubhukuda, ukwenza izikwabhe zokukhonkolo, indlela yokwenza ingadi kusukela ekusikeni kwezinkuni, imvula yokuhlobisa, umthombo, i-brazier eyenziwe ngamatshe, umbhede wembali, umfudlana owomile, i-arbor enezandla zakho .
Ukugeleza kwamanzi
Lena indlela eyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ephumelelayo yokususa amanzi okungafuneki avela phansi. Kuthatha izindleko ezengeziwe zempahla, futhi kuthatha isikhathi esiningi nomzamo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziningana zamanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
Umklamo we-DIY: ividiyo
Ukukhethwa kwesistimu ethile yamanzi kuxhomeke kumaphuzu alandelayo: indawo, ukujula kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, inhlabathi, njalo njalo.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zemishini yokudonsa amanzi, ngayinye yazo inemininingwane yayo:
- I-Wall iphakanyisiwe. Ukugeleza okunjalo kufakwe ezakhiweni ezinaphansi noma phansi. Ukufakwa kwalo kuvele ngokushesha ngemva kokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo.
- I-Plast. Lolu hlelo lokudonsa lufakwe ngesikhathi sokuthungwa komgodi wezinto ezakhiwe. Ithole uhlelo lokusebenza ekwakheni kusuka kumacwecwe, ngakho-ke lisetshenziswa kancane kancane.
- Umsele (indandatho). Uhlelo olunjalo lwamanzi lungabhalwa yedwa. Yenziwa ngendlela yomsele owagubha izindonga zendlu.
Kubalulekile! Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yinkqubo yamanzi. Uhlelo lwe-annular system kumele lube khona ngaphansi kwe-0.4-0.5 m ukujula kunezinga lesisekelo.
Ukuze wenze amanzi okugeleza, kufanele ulandele lezi zincomo:
- sidoba umsele eduze kwezindonga zendlu eduze nobubanzi obungaphansi kwe-1 m 20 cm ngosizo lwefosholo noma imishini ekhethekile;
- ezinhlangothini ezine zomgodla omkhulu kudingekile ukufaka amathinta engeziwe ngaphezu kwamamitha amahlanu ubude. Futhi ngale njongo, ungasebenzisa imishini ekhethekile ukusheshisa inqubo. Ekupheleni kwamathompi anjalo, i-recess iyagubha, okumele ihambisane nobubanzi ekukhoneni;
- Ama-geotextile afakwa ngaphansi komsele, futhi ipayipi ekhonjiwe ihlelwe phezu kwayo ukuze imisele. Ngemuva kwe-7 m, ama-manholes afakwe, lapho ipayipi lokudonsa iphepha khona;
- emva kokuba ipayipi ibekwe, umsele uchitheka nge-rubble, kanti u-10 cm ungaphansi kwesigcawu - nesihlabathi, khona-ke ungqimba lwetshe elikhulu elichotshoziwe liyahamba, cishe u-15 cm kuya emhlabathini, futhi ekugcineni lichithe ukhonkolo phezulu.
Ukuvimbela amanzi
Ukuvikela indlu emanzini engaphansi, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kuyasetshenziswa. Ukungena kwamanzi okungena ngaphansi komhlaba kuhlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili - ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
Ukungena kwamanzi kwangaphandle kungcono ukufaka ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwendlu, ngoba uhlelo olunjalo lwezakhiwo ezikhona ludinga umsebenzi omningi nemali.
Kulesi simo, kufanele ugobe isisekelo futhi usebenzise izingqimba eziningana zokuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi, bese uzodinga ukubeka inhlabathi ezungeze izindonga zangaphandle ezinqabeni eziningana - kusukela esihlabathini, ekuthungeni futhi uthele ukhonkolo phezulu.
Ngokuvamile ngesikhathi sokusebenza okunjalo uhlelo lokuhambisa amanzi luyifakwe ngesikhathi esifanayo, okukhulisa kakhulu izindleko zabo. 
Ukungena kwamanzi kwangaphandle kwenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:
- I-Pasty. Kuhilela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokubhala.
- Obmazochny. Kule ndlela, izinto zokusetshenziswa kwe-polymeric ziyasetshenziswa, kanye ne-mastic evela ku-bitumen.
Ukungena kwamanzi kwangaphandle kuyisicelo se-plaster ebusweni obulungiselelwe, bese kuthi indaba ehlanganisiwe isakhiwe ngaphezulu kwezingxenye eziningana. Kumele kucatshangelwe: lapho amanzi angaphansi komhlaba eseduze kakhulu esisekelo, khona-ke ukuvikelwa okungeziwe kuyadingeka ukuze kungangeni amanzi ngendlela yokwenza izakhiwo ezenziwe ngezitini.
Ngezinye izikhathi, esikhundleni salowo matshe, izambatho zephrofayli ne pad geotextile ziyasetshenziswa. Le ndlela ivikela izindonga ngamanzi ngokuthembekile. Ama-geotextile akhethekile anika igebe elingenalutho phakathi kwe-spikes ye-ambulance, ekhonza njengesiteshi sokuxoshwa kwamanzi.
Kubalulekile! Ukungena kwamanzi kwangaphandle kokuthembeka kufanele kwenziwe ngo-30 cm ngaphezulu kwezinga lomhlabathi. Ukuze uthuthukise amanzi ngaphambi kokuba uthele ingxube yokukhonkolo, kuyadingeka ukubeka ungqimba lobumba.
Ukungena kwamanzi kwangaphandle kungafakwa ngezandla zabo, ngokuya ku-oda olulandelayo:
- i-mastic isetshenziswa kuqala kudonga olungaphandle;
- kwi-mastic impahla ehlanganisiwe igcina ngaphakathi. Ngokuqinile emgqeni uma ukubeka akudingekile ukubeka ingcindezi, ukuxubha, nokuvikela lokho okuqukethwe. Ukuze udoti lulale phansi, udinga ukulufaka nge-roller;
- khona-ke ubuso obulandelayo buphathwa nge-mastic futhi umqulu olandelayo wezinto ezisetshenziswayo usetshenziswa. Ngakho-ke imiqulu kufanele ibe cishe ngu-10 cm, ngakho-ke, uma usebenzisa izinto eziboshwe odongeni, kuyadingeka ukuthi ugqoke isinamathelisi ngokubambisana okhethekile 15 cm kusuka enqenqemeni;
- I-tovas ngayinye efakiwe igoqwe nge-roller, kufaka hlangana ne-seams. Ukuhlelwa kokubekwa kwemigqa (qala kusukela phansi noma ngaphezulu) akukhathaleki;
- impahla eyengeziwe kumajoyini ingasuswa ngommese.
Ukungena kwamanzi ngaphakathi kungenziwa ikakhulukazi ekufomeni okukhethekile nemiphumela efaka phambili esetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhoneni okusha. Zivikelekile kahle ekungeneni komswakama: uma zihlasela ubuso obunobunaki bekhonkri, zihlangana namanzi, zifaka isandla ekwakheni kwama-crystals ezigcwalisa zonke izinto ezincane. 
Ukungena kwamanzi kwangaphakathi kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa ama-polymer-samente amaminerali amakhemikhali asetshenziselwa izinkuni, ukhonkolo kanye nezakhiwo ze-ceramic. Izingoma ezinjalo zihlanjululwa nje ngamanzi, futhi zilungele ukusetshenziswa.
Kodwa kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi lokhu kungangeni kwamanzi okungahambisani nokushisa kwamazinga okushisa, ngakho-ke kusadingeka ukuthi usebenzise ama-sealants ezonwebekayo.
Emakhaya asemakhaya, ungenza ukungena kwamanzi kwangaphakathi kwezansi ngezandla zakho. Ngaphambi kwalokho, igumbi lokungcebeleka kufanele lisulwe, futhi zonke izindonga kanye nephansi kumele zihlanzwe kahle.
Bese ukhiqiza umsebenzi olandelayo:
- zonke izakhiwo ziphathwa ngekhamera lokuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi elivikela ukumelana nomswakama;
- i-mastic coat emagumbini, ama-seams kanye nama-cracks, kanye nawo wonke ama-surface afaka u-2-3 cm;
- ezindongeni, kanye phansi ufake igridi yensimbi;
- phansi uchitheka ngekhonkri, futhi izindonga nazo ziboshwe ngekhonkrithi;
- ke izindonga zamapulangwe (cishe ububanzi obuyi-3 cm).
Lapho umswakama ongafuneki uvele endlini yakho engaphansi, kufanele uqale ngokushesha unqume umthombo wokubukeka kwawo bese uthatha izinyathelo zokuqeda uketshezi okwedlulele futhi uvikele ukubonakala kwawo. Uma silungiselela ukuxhumana kwamanzi kanye nokuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi kwendlu encane ngesikhathi esifanele nangendlela efanele, khona-ke kuyoba eyomile nasezinkathini zemvula.
Impendulo evela kubasebenzisi benethiwekhi
Umngane weminyaka eminingi wayenenkinga yokukhukhula phansi. Akukho ukungena kwamanzi okusizile - amanzi athole umgodi. Ngangihamba ngezinyathelo ezinkulu - eduze nendlu ngakha umgodi onamamitha angaphezu kwamabili, ngawabeka emithonjeni yamanzi, ngawaletha emithonjeni engu-4 emagumbini, amatshe afakwe ngamatshe aqoshiwe. Futhi phansi emithonjeni ngifaka amaphampu angu-4, okuyinto wona avuleka lapho amanzi evela.
