Noma yimuphi umlimi wezilwane ufuna ukwenza into ayithandayo - ingadi - hhayi kuphela ehlobo kodwa nasebusika.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, abantu beza nezindawo zokugcina izithombo - izindawo ezivikelekile zenhlabathi, lapho ungakhula khona izitshalo ezahlukene kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu nesimo sokushisa.
Uma usuvele wakha ukushisa okubamba ukushisa futhi ufuna izinhlobonhlobo zezamatamatisi ezizokhula ngempela kusayithi lakho, khona-ke impendulo ikule ngxenye.
Izinhlobonhlobo "Budenovka"
Kubhekisela ku izinhlobo eziphakathi kwebanga, njengoba ikhula ezinsukwini ezingu-105 - 100 emva kokuhluma.
Izihlahla ezingenakulinganiswa, eziphakeme kakhulu (kufika ku-1.5 m). Isihlahla sibonakala sibuthakathaka, asinamandla okubonakala. Izithelo ezinkulu, isisindo sifinyelela ku-0.3-0.4 kg, enesimo senhliziyo ngesiphelo esicacile kancane, ubuso obomvu, obomvu.
Inyama inomsoco kakhulu, ilukhuni, ukunambitheka kulinganisela, hhayi kumnandi kakhulu. Kusukela esiqhingini esisodwa ungathola i-4 - 5 kg yezithelo. Ukuphikisana nokulimala okwesikhashana kanye nezinye izifo eziziwayo utamatisi kubonakala. Ungaphazamisi.
Izintandokazi:
- Izithelo zihle, zihlwabusayo
- ukuphikiswa kwezifo
- hhayi ukujwayela ukuqhuma
Izinkinga ezingabonakali.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kufanele kwenziwe 50 - 55 izinsuku ngaphambi kokutshala ku-greenhouse. Njengento yokutshala, ungasebenzisa kokubili imbewu ethengiwe kanye neyakho. Kodwa kudingeka ucabange ngokucophelela imbewu, futhi kungcono ukuhlola ikhono lokuhluma. Ukuze wenze lokhu, phosa imbewu ibe yisisombululo saline (ukuhlushwa kwe-1.5%) bese ukhetha lezo mbewu ezingakavukeli phezulu.
Njengeziqukathi zokutshala ezifanelekile namakhasethi, namabhokisi ajwayelekile, nezimbiza ezikhethekile ezizithengwa.
Njengehlabathi, udinga ukusebenzisa ingxube ekhethekile yomhlabathi, ehlotshiswe nge-microelements futhi ikhululekile ezinhlamvu zefungi ezingalimaza izithombo. Lapho ukugcwalisa izitsha zomhlabathi kumele kufakwe uphawu oluqinile.
Ukutshala imbewu oyidingayo emigodini engajulile noma emiphongolweni bese ulala ngenhlanganisela yenhlabathi. Ukuze izithombo zivele ngokushesha, udinga ukumboza isitsha ngefilimu. Kodwa ngokushesha lapho imbewu ivela, ifilimu kuzodingeka isuswe.
I-seedling ithanda ukukhanya okuningi, ngakho-ke kudingeka uyibeke endaweni ekhanyisiwe noma ngaphansi kwezibani ezikhethekile. Ukushisa kubaluleke kakhulu. I-optimum izoba yi-22-25 ° С, ngesikhathi iqubula kufanele ihlehliswe ku-17-20 ° С. Ukuphuza izithombo ezincane kumele kuqhume, futhi izihlahla ezikhulile kakade - epanini.
Kudingekile ukuba udilize izithombo uma sezikhulile zibe ngu-5 kuya ku-6 cm. Umanyolo wenziwa izikhathi ezingu-3-4 ngezikhathi zokukhula ngesikhatsi samasonto amabili. Udinga ukwenza izinto eziphilayo, ukuhlanza nokukhula. Ngezinhlobo ezifana nalezi "Budenovka", ukufika ngezinhlamvu ezingu-3 nge-1 sq. M.
Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukufunda ngezici zezamatamatisi ezikhulayo.
Esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu uma ukhula utamatisi obamba ukushisa ukuvimbela umswakama ongaphezulu. Ngakho-ke, lezi zitshalo zidinga ukuphuziswa kaningi, kodwa hhayi okuningi. Kuvunyelwe ukwenza le nqubo njalo ngezinsuku ezingu-5-7, ekuseni noma esimweni sezulu esibhakabhakeni.
Izinsuku ezingu-10 emva kokutshala kudingeka wenze ukuchelela kokuqala. Ukushisa kwamanzi kufanele kube okungenani 20-21 ° C. Inkathi yentuthuko yezitamatisi ezihlahleni ihlukaniswe yaba yinto engasebenzi (ngaphambi kokuzimbali kanye nangemva kokuqhakaza) futhi esebenzayo (isikhathi sokumbali). Ezingxenyeni ezingasebenzi, umthamo wamanzi endaweni ngayinye iyinitha 4-5, esigabeni esisebenzayo, ama-10-12 amalitha.
Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zendawo yokushisa - ikhono lokulawula ukushisa. Phakathi nonyaka wonke okhulayo, izinga lokushisa akufanele lidlule ngo-26 ° C futhi akufanele liwe ngaphansi kwe-14 ° C. I-Spring ibhekwa ngamazinga okushisa ebusuku. Ukuze lokhu kungathinteki utamatisi, kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ngendawo yokushisa ngomoya ngokushisa kwe-16-17 ° C.
Ukushisa okuhle kunoma yikuphi utamatisi ngo-19-21 ° C. Naphezu kokuthi izinhlobonhlobo zika utamatisi "Budenovka" zibhekwa njengezitshalo ezingenakuzithoba, zidinga i-garter.
Ngakho njll izithelo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zinzima kakhulu, amahlumela angakwazi ukuma futhi aphule. Ngakho-ke, isihlahla ngasinye kufanele siboshwe ekusekeleni noma ekuxhasweni. Futhi kufanele kwenziwe njalo. Futhi, ukuze ugweme ukulayisha ngokweqile ehlathini, udinga ukubeka izitshalo.
Ngokuba amabhontshi ebanga "Budenovka" 3 kuya ku-4 ayokwanela, kodwa inani labo kufanele linciphise, uma kunezithelo eziningi ezakhiwa. Hlunga "i-Budenovka" idinga ukondla njalo nge-phosphorus ne-potassium, ngakho-ke udinga ukwenza njalo i-superphosphate nosawoti we-potassium.
Futhi kudingeka futhi umquba eziphilayo. Ukugqoka kokuqala kudingeka kwenziwe 10 - 13 izinsuku emva kokutshala. Inombolo ephelele yokudla kufanele ibe yi-3 - 4 kuyo yonke isikhathi sokukhula nentuthuko.
Izinhlobo zokuphikisa "Budenovka" ezifweni ezihlukahlukene azivimbeli ukutheleleka, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zokushisa. Ngakho-ke, sidinga izinyathelo zokuzivikela.
Ukuze kuqedwe ukubonakala kwezifo, kubalulekile ukuphatha izithombo kanye nezihlahla nge-fungicides nesisombululo sikagalikhi. Ukucubungula kwenziwa izikhathi ezintathu: emva kwezinsuku ezingu-20 kuya kwezingu-21 emva kokutshala, izinsuku ezingu-20 emva kokwelashwa kokuqala nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwe-brush yesi-3. Futhi ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi udinga ukushintsha ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlaba (10 - 15 cm) ukukhipha ukutholakala kwezinhlamvu ze-fungal.
Incazelo yebanga "Ukugcwalisa okumhlophe"
Izinhlobonhlobo ezinquma, ekuqaleni (kuzovuthwa ezinyangeni ezingu-2.5 kuya kwezi-3). Izihlahla ziphansi, kufika ku-60 - 70 cm ubude. Amahlathi awunayo i-trunk, i-branching ibuthakathaka. Izithelo akuzona ezinkulu kakhulu, ngesisindo sifinyelela ku-80-100 g, nxazonke, zibushelelezi, ngokunambitheka okulinganiselayo, okubomvu.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, isivuno singaba yizigidi ezingu-8 zezithelo ezivuthiwe kusuka kumamitha ayi-1 square. Kukhona ukuthambekela kokunqoba izifo. Kwanele ukungawubanda. Izithelo cishe aziqedi.
Izintandokazi:
- ukuphika ukumelana
- isivuno esihle
- izithelo eziphezulu
Ukungalungi:
- zingathinteka yizifo
Izithombo ezikhulile. Isikhathi esifanele kakhulu sokutshala izithombo kungukuphela kukaMashi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Qinisekisa ukuthi unzima izinkamba ngesonto nangesigamu ngaphambi kokufika emhlabathini. Izithombo zomsuka ku-greenhouse zingaba phakathi nenkathi kaMeyi 15 kuya ku-20, lapho kungekho isithwathwa ebusuku. Kudingekile ukuthi uhambe ngokulandela uhlelo 50x30-40cm, ngo-1 sq.m. Umhlaba uzohambisana ngokugcwele nezitshalo ezingu-7 - 9. Izwe elifanele kakhulu lomhlaba omnyama.
Izinqubo ezijwayelekile: ukuchelela ngamanzi afudumele, umanyolo, ukugcina ukushisa kwesilinganiso. Lokhu okuhlukahlukene akudingi i-garter, njengoba inquma. Lapho ukugcina kungashiya ama-stalks amabili ukuze uthole isivuno esengeziwe.
Utamatisi ezihlukahlukene "Prince Black"
Utamatisi ophakathi nonyaka uqala ukuthela izithelo ezinsukwini ezingu-110 kuya kwezingu-125 emva kokusuka kokuqala.
Izihlahla ezifakiwe, zingafinyelela ku-2.5 m ubude. Izithelo zihlukile, kuncike kwisisindo. Ngokwesilinganiso, isisindo singama-100 - 450 g, okuyinto yezinzuzo zalolu hlobo.
Umbala unombala omnyama, ngakho-ke igama. Ukuvunwa okuhle, Izithelo ezine-5 kg zingasuswa esihlahleni esisodwa. Utamatisi amnandi ekunambithekeni, kodwa kungase kube nobumunyu obuncane. Kubonisa ukumelana ne-phytophthora.
Izintandokazi:
- ezihlukahlukene zezithelo ezisesimweni nesisindo
- isivuno esikhulu
- ukumelana nokulimala okwesikhashana
Izinkinga:
- izithelo ezinkulu eziqhekekile
Izihlahla zizoba ngcono kakhulu uma utshala izithombo endaweni yokushisa, kunokuhlwanyela imbewu. Kunezinhlobo zezici ezihlotshaniswa nokutshala izithombo zalolu hlobo oluthile.
Okokuqala, ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlwanyela imbewu, lezi ziqukathi kufanele zigcinwe ekushiseni okuphakeme (26 - 27 ° C) futhi ziphuze njalo.
Okwesibili, ngaphambi kokuhluma umhlaba kumele kube njalo. Lapho izithombo sezikhuphukile, konke kufanele kwenziwe ngokwezigaba ezijwayelekile - izithombo zidinga amanzi, dive, ugeze.
Ukufika kuyenziwa ekuqaleni - phakathi kukaMeyi. Ngesikwele esingu-1. imitha ingahlala izithombo ezintathu - 4. I-Superphosphate noma eminye imifino equkethe isidingo se-phosphorus sokuthululelwa emigodini noma imibhede, ngoba ukuhlukahluka kwe-Black Prince kudinga okuningi kwalesi sici.
Okukhethekile kokunakekelwa: "Isikhulu Esimnyama", njengezinye izinhlobo eziningi, kufanele siphuze njalo, njengoba lezi tamatisi "zithanda" inhlabathi enomanzi. Ukutshala izihlahla kudingeka uqale lapho ziqhakaza. Kubalulekile ukutshala zombili amaminerali kanye neziqu eziphilayo.
Ukuhlukahluka "iKardinal"
Libhekisela kumatamatisi e-sredneranny, lifika ekuhlungeni emva kwezinsuku ezingu-110 kuya kwezingu-115 emva kokuhluma.
Izitshalo ezingapheliyo zikhula zifike emamitha amamitha amabili nesigamu.
Ibhulashi lokuqala libekwe ezingeni elingaphezulu kwama-8 - 9 amashidi.
Izithelo kulolu shayela yizona ezinkulu kakhulu - 0.7 - 0.8 kg. Zonke ezinye utamatisi zinesisindo esisodwa nesigamu - izikhathi eziphindwe kabili.
Izithelo zizungezile, ziboshwe, zibomvu. Ukunambitheka kumnandi, imbewu ezitshalweni zimbalwa.
Ukuvunwa okuphezulukusuka ku-1 sikwele. amamitha angaqoqwa 7 - 8 kg utamatisi.
Izintandokazi:
- izithelo ezihlwabusayo
- isivuno esikhulu
Ukuhluleka akutholakali.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu yezithombo kufanele kwenziwe ngasekupheleni kukaMashi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli. Indlela yezithombo ezikhulayo iyinhlangano evamile. Uma utshalwa emhlabathini "yobudala" wezithombo kufanele kube izinsuku ezingu-55 - 70. Uhlelo lokutshala luyi-0.7x0.3x0.4 m. Izihlahla ezingu-3 - 4 zalezi zihlukahlukene zizohlala ndawonye endaweni yendawo.
Ubuchwepheshe bezolimo ubuyinto ejwayelekile - ukuchelela njalo, i-garter, ukususwa kwama-stepsons kanye nomanyolo.
Hlunga "i-Honey drop"
"U-Honey drop" - ummeleli wezithelo zomatamatisi.
Izihlahla eziphezulu, ukuphakama kufinyelela kumamitha amabili, enamandla kakhulu, ngamaqabunga amakhulu.
Izithelo ezincane, ezilinganiselwa ku-30 g, ngokubukeka kufana nokudonsa kwamanzi, amber-yellow, amnandi.
Izithelo zikhula ngamaqoqo, kungaba khona utamatisi egatsheni elilodwa.
Ukuvunwa okuphezulu.
Ibanga elithi "Honey drop" alimelana nokulimala okuphelile kanye no-blackleg.
Izintandokazi:
- izithelo ezihlwabusayo kakhulu futhi eziphezulu kakhulu
- isivuno esikhulu
- ukumelana nezifo
Ukungalungi:
- ngaphandle kokuhlwanyela kukhula kakhulu
Imbewu yalezi zinhlobonhlobo inokuhluma okuphezulu. Khulisa izithombo zidinga ngendlela evamile. Udinga ukutshala amahlathi onke ama-45 - 50 cm.
Ukunakekela lezi utamatisi akufani nokulima ezinye izinhlobo ezingapheli. Njengokuvimbela izifo ze-fungal, izihlahla kufanele zilashwe nge-phytosporin.
Ibanga "Russian Russian"
Olunye uhlobo lwezitamatisi abamnyama.
I-Sredneranny, ivuthwe ezinsukwini ezingu-110 - 155.
Isihlahla sinamandla kakhulu, amaqabunga amakhulu.
Escape ifinyelela ukuphakama kwe-1 - 1.5 m.
Izithelo zinkulu, zenziwe ngama-oval, zifakwe phezulu, zifinyelela ku-150 g ngesisindo, ngokukhanya okubomvu okubomvu nge-tinge ebomvu.
Ukunambitheka kubalwa njengehle kakhulu.
Ukuphikisana nezifo ezahlukene zezifo, eziqinile ezimo ezimbi.
Izintandokazi:
- okuhle izithelo ukunambitheka
- isivuno esikhulu
Izinkinga ezingabonakali.
Ukuze izithombo ezikhulayo zisetshenziswe yisithombo. Kodwa ungakwazi izithombo futhi uthenge. Awekho ukuphambuka kusuka enkambeni evamile yezithombo ezikhulayo zalolu hlobo oluthile.
"IsiRussia esimnyama" ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, ngakho-ke, izihlahla zala utamatisi zingakhula ngesisekelo solwazi oluvamile.
With utamatisi onjalo greenhouse yakho uyobe njalo ukunikeza itafula lakho ngemifino fresh. Bon appetit.
