Izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu zezobuchwepheshe ezisetshenziselwa ukunqoba izithelo zithi "u-Isabella" no "Lydia".
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ibanga lesibili ngokuvamile lihlala emthunzini, ngoba lifana kakhulu no-Isabella, futhi ngokuvamile liyibiza ngokuthi "Pink" noma "Red Isabella."
Kodwa namanje, amagilebhisi "uLidiya" anezici zakhe ezikhethekile, okwathi wayebathanda abavinini bewayini abaningi njenge-amateur futhi njengezithelo zomvini zokusetshenziswa kwetafula, futhi njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa.
Futhi, ezihlukahlukene zibhekwa nenani elikhulu lokuphulukisa izakhiwo.
Kuqondene nokufaneleka nokudangala kwamagilebhisi "uLidiya" futhi sizoxoxwa ngezansi.
Incazelo yezici ze "Lydia": kanjani ukuthi ungadideki nezinye izinhlobo?
Umvini wezinhloso zomhlaba jikelele obizwa ngokuthi "uLydia" waziswa ezwenikazi laseYurophu njengesiko sasendle, okwathi kamuva li-ennobled futhi laba yisitshalo sensimu. Esikhathini sethu, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zinezindawo ezibanzi kakhulu futhi zingenye yezindawo ezisakaze kakhulu eningizimu yeRussia, e-Ukraine naseMoldova.
Naphezu kokuthi ukulima "uLydia" esikhungweni sezimboni akuyona into edumile njengangaphambili, kodwa ezihlukahlukene zithola ukuthandwa phakathi kwabalandeli.
Ukushiya ngemuva kokuvutshelwa, lokhuhlukahluka kwamagilebhisi kungakhipha izinto ezinobungozi eziyingozi kubantu.
Izici ezihlukahlukene zamagilebhisi "uLidiya"
Amaqoqo kulezi zinhlobonhlobo anezinsimbalwa ezincane kakhulu, nakuba zikhona ezikhangayo ekubukeni. Ubukhulu obuphakathi kwesigqila samagilebhisi "Lydia" sifinyelela kuphela amagremu angu-100-110, nakuba kunjalo kunamakhulu amakhulu. Ziyisimo se-cylindroconic, zinamagatsha amaningi, ngenxa yalokho isakhiwo sabo sivulekile. Ngakho-ke, amajikijolo emaqenjini awakhiwe awakhulumi, kuphela ama-3-4 amagremu.
Ukuma nobukhulu bamajikijolo kufana kakhulu no "Isabella", kodwa umbala wabo wesikhumba unobomvu, onombala owubuciko obomvu. Ukunambitheka kwezithelo zika "Lydia" kuyigugu, kunomusa omuhle we-strawberry kanye nephunga eliyingqayizivele. Ngenxa yalokhu kunambitheka okukhethekile, abaningi abathandi lokhu okuhlukahlukene, nakuba kwabanye kuba uphawu lwamagilebhisi. Kufanelekile ukukhokha futhi ikakhulukazi okuqukethwe okuphezulu ushukela ku-pulp amajikijolo - cishe ngo-18%.
Amagugu amathuba okuthela amagilebhisi "uLidiya"
Izitshalo eziphakeme ziyisici lapho izithelo zomvini zakwaLididia zithandwa futhi zikhulile ngeziqephu zabo. Nakuba izithelo zivuthwe futhi zide kakhulu (Ukuvuthwa okukhishwayo kwenzeka ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-158 zezimila zasemahlathini, maphakathi no-September), ulinde ukuthi kuwufanele ngempela.
Phela, inani lamagilebhisi avuthiwe kahle esihlahleni esisodwa, esinezinga lokukhula ngaphezu kwesilinganiso, singafinyelela kuma-cent cent angu-120 ehektheleni. Kuphawulwe ukuthi ngisho nangesihlahla esisodwa, esingasidingi ukunakekelwa okuningi, ungakwazi ukuqoqa cishe ama-kilogram angu-40 okuvuna kakhulu.
Izindleko ezinjalo zokuvunwa kwamagilebhisi zingenzeka ngenxa yokuvuthwa okuhle komvini. Kumele futhi uqaphele ukuthi kudubu olulodwa lungakhula ngokugcwele kusukela ku-3 ukuya ku-6. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isihlahla asidingi ukulinganisa.
Kungani ibanga elithi "Lydia" kufanele likhethwe ngokukhula kusayithi?
• Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zisezingeni eliphezulu futhi zinemigomo edingekayo yokulungiselela amawayini we-dessert namanzi.
• Ukuhlukahluka akuyona into ehlelekile ekunakekeleni futhi kunezivuno eziphezulu.
• I-mildew ne-powdery isikhutha ayithinti umvini waseLydia futhi akudingi ngisho nokupompela ukuvimbela.
• Ukumelana nokuhlukahluka kwamazinga okushisa aphansi kwenza kube lula ukuvuna amagilebhisi kulo lonke elaseCentral Ukraine naseRussia.
• Eyaziwa ngokuba khona kwembali yezocansi zombili, ukuze amagilebhisi angakwazi ukuzitholela impova.
• Ukutshala akukwesabi umswakama ophezulu.
• Isihlahla siphendula kahle ngokufaka umanyolo ngamaminerali amaminerali namanzi.
• Amandla okuzijabulisa aqinisekisa ukuthi amagilebhisi aseLydia afanele ukuhamba.
Ububi bezithelo zomvini: ubunzima bezinhlobo ezikhulayo "Lydia"
• Phakathi kwezinambuzane zezivini, izihlahla ezinhlobonhlobo "Lydia" zivame ukuthinteka yi-phylloxera, okungeke zibe khona ukuphikisa.
• Ngokuntula kwensimbi emhlabathini weqabunga lomvini, isifo esifana ne-calcareous chlorosis singakhula.
• Ama-pacekins namahlumela omvini waseLydia anokukhula okusheshayo, okungathinta ukwehla kwekhwalithi yezitshalo. Ngakho-ke, isihlahla sidinga ukugcoba nokuxosha amahlumela aluhlaza.
• Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi amagilebhisi avuthiwe angabinamatheli kahle kulesi sitshalo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ngezimimo ezinamandla, zingahle ziphule, okudinga ukususwa okwesikhashana kwesitshalo kusukela ehlathini.
• EYurophu, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zivinjelwe ukulima: uma zonke izimo zokuvuthwa ezidingekile zingagcini, amagilebhisi angakhipha izakhi ezilimazayo emzimbeni womuntu ongabangela ukubola kwesibindi. Amagilebhisi amasha asuke ephephile futhi enempilo.
Izinhlobo zomvini "Lydia": ukufika esiqhingini
Ukutshala amagilebhisi: entwasahlobo noma ekwindla?
Ukutshala amagilebhisi kulula, nakuba kusadingeka ukuhlola imithetho nemibandela ebaluleke kakhulu yale nqubo. Ikakhulukazi iningi lama-nuances lihlobene nesikhathi sonyaka sokufika kwakhe. Emva kwakho konke, bayitshala kokubili entwasahlobo nasekwindla, kodwa ukuthola ukuthi kungani abanye abantu bekhetha isikhathi esisodwa, kanti abanye basabalulekile.
1. Ukutshala izitshalo ngokuvamile kuthathwa njengamukelekile, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi cishe zonke izitshalo zitshalwe. Kukhona inkathi eningi efudumele ezayo, lapho isitshalo somvini esitshalwe khona sizoba nesikhathi sokuqina endaweni entsha futhi sizoqina kakhulu lapho kufika amaqhwa kuqala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amagilebhisi atshalwa entwasahlobo ngonyaka ozayo azokwazi ukuletha isivuno sokuqala. kodwa namanje, ukufika okunjalo kunamathuba amaningana:
• Ukutshala izitshalo kwenziwa emhlabathini owomile, ngakho ukuthungatha kudinga ukuchelela okuningi.
• Ukukhetha izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamagilebhisi ezifunwayo ezinhlobonhlobo zasentwasahlobo kunzima, njengoba zivame ukudayiswa ekwindla.
• Ngentwasahlobo, amaqhwa angalindelekile angavame ukuvela ngokuzumayo, okungalimaza amahlumela aluhlaza okwenziwa yi-Lydia.
2. Ukutshala i-autumn kuyindlela yokugcina isithombo semagilebhisi ngaphambi kokushisa kwentwasahlobo. Ngempela, phakathi nesikhathi sasebusika, ukukhula kwehlathi akunakwenzeka, kuphela uhlelo lwempande le-seedling olumelana nezimo ezintsha. Ukutshala kwe-autumn kunomunye kuphela, kepha ukuhluleka okukhulu kakhulu: amaqhwa ebusika angalimaza kakhulu imbewu, ngakho kudinga ukuhlala kahle.
Izindlela zokutshala izivini zikaLidiya: yikuphi okungcono ukukhetha
Inani lezinhlobo zamagilebhisi endala ukuthi zingasakazeka ngazo zonke izindlela ezikhona: hlwayela imbewu, izitshalo zezitshalo kanye nezitshalo zokutshala futhi usebenzise amabhande. Kunoma yikuphi, ngenxa yokusabalalisa kabanzi kwamagilebhisi "eLibiya", izinkinga zokuthengwa kwezithombo kanye nokusika akufanele ziphakame.
Ukutshala izithombo kuyindlela elula kunazo zonke, noma ngabe kukhona isitoko sehlathi elidala, kungcono ukhethe uhlaka.
Uma uhlanganiswa, i-shrub ingcono kakhulu futhi isheshe ukuba ikhule futhi ikhule.
Iyiphi indawo engcono yokutshala amagilebhisi "eLibya"?
Indawo yokutshala lezi zinhlobonhlobo zamagilebhisi kufanele zikhethwe ngezinqubo ezilandelayo kanye nezici zazo:
1. Amagilebhisi okukhula okuhle adinga inhlabathi evundile. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuthatha umhlabathi omnyama noma umhlabathi okhanyayo. Kubalulekile ukuthi inhlabathi inekhono elihle lokuswakama, futhi alizange lihlale lide isikhathi eside. Ukujula okunamandla kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba lapho uzokutshala khona amagilebhisi kufanele kube okungenani ngamamitha ayi-1.5.
2. Indawo yokutshala yomvini waseLydia kumele ivuleke kahle futhi ingavikelwe emimoyeni ebandayo ngomoya obandayo noma obandayo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ekhaya, amagilebhisi avame ukutshala ngaseceleni kwezindlu noma i-gazebos, ngaleyo ndlela ekhonza njengesitshalo se-ornamental and garden.
3. Uma uzohlwanyela izihlahla eziningana, ama-recedes ayikhulu phakathi kwawo kufanele enze okungenani amasentimitha ayi-80. Isihlahla somvini "Lydia" sinokukhula okunamandla kakhulu futhi siyakwazi ukuqina, ngakho-ke isihlahla esisodwa akufanele sivunyelwe ukuthunga omunye.
Ukutshala isipiliyoni samagilebhisi "iLibya": yikuphi okushiwo yi-nuances akufanele ikhohlwe?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi ukulungiswa komgodi wamagilebhisi kwenziwa ngaphambi kokutshala uqobo. Ngemuva kwalokho, inani elikhulu lomanyolo nenhlabathi evundile kufanele ihanjiswe phansi emgodini, okwesikhathi ngesikhathi sokutshala kufanele sixazulule. Ikakhulukazi:
• Uma sewugubhe umgodi ngokujula nobubanzi obungaphansi kwamamitha angu-0.8, silala phansi phansi ungqimba lwamakhilogremu angu-5 wetshe elichotshoziwe.
• Ngaphezu kwalo, inhlabathi evundile ishulwa, esasisusa lapho semba umgodi, ngakho-ke izinto eziphilayo kanye namanyolo wamaminerali (potassium, phosphorus, iron) futhi futhi inhlabathi.
• Ikhekhe lonke kufanele lixutshwe kahle futhi lihlanganiswe nenye ingqimba yenhlabathi elula. Iqiniso liwukuthi uma izimpande zesithombo zizohlangana nomanyolo ngokuqondile, zingashiswa.
• Uma utshalwa ekwindla, umgodi kufanele uhlale kuleli zwe okungenani amasonto amabili, kanti entwasahlobo, phakathi nobusika.
Ukupakisha ngaphambi kokutshala kufanele kuhlolwe kahle, hlola ukuthi azikho yini izimpande ezonakalisiwe nezomisiwe. Futhi, ngaphambi kokutshala, uhlelo lwempande lubekwe emanzini izinsuku ezimbalwa, futhi luphinde luxiliswe esisombululo esivusa ukukhula nokwakhiwa kwezimpande. Izimpande zesithombo zingadliwa kancane ngaphambi kokutshala.
Ukubeka isithombo emgodini, kubalulekile ukucabangela amathuba okusizwa kwenhlabathi, bese unciphisa intamo yentamo kuze kube sezingeni elizoba khona ngaphezu kwenhlabathi. Ukuhlwanyela umhlabathi kufanele kube ngokucophelela, ungavumeli ukwakheka kwemisamo yomoya emgodini. Njengoba sebegubhe umgodi nge-sapling kuphela phakathi, kufanelekile ukuthululela amalitha ayi-10 kuwo futhi ukushayela isigxathu emkhakheni osenyakatho we-seedling ozowusekela. Okulandelayo, sigcwalisa ukuthungwa komgodi bese uthele amagilebhisi ngamanye amalitha angu-30 amanzi.
Ngemuva kokuba iLibya izitshalo zomvini, umhlabathi owuzungezile kufanele nakanjani uhlanganiswe ngendwangu yomhlabathi. Kuzovumela umswakama ukuba uqhubeke isikhathi eside enhlabathini, okwenza ukuphuza okungavamile.
Ukuxhunyelelwa "uLydia" ngezimpande zamanye amagilebhisi
Ukutshala "uLydia" esitokisini, okokuqala kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha nokulungisa ukusika kwe-varietal. Usikwa ekubalekeni kwehlathi "Lydia", lapho kuzoba khona ngokwanele ukushiya amehlo ka-2-3. Ungayilondoloza kuze kufike entwasahlobo ngokuyigcwalisa ngesihlabathi bese uyishiya endaweni enezinga lokushisa elingaphezulu kwe-12ºС. Ngaphambi kwe-inoculation eqondile, ingxenye engezansi ye-cut is cut: amahlangothi amabili kuphela anqunywe, ashiya "amahlombe" amabili phakathi.
Ingxenyeni engenhla yokusika iyoxoshwa, okuzoyivumela ukuthi ikwazi ukumelana nezimo zesimo sezulu futhi ingalahlekelwa umswakama. Ingxenye yokunquma kufanele ibe njalo emanzini kanye nesisombululo ne-stimulator yezimpande ("Humate" solution) ngaphambi kwe-inoculation.
Ukulungiswa kwesitoko kufanele kube kuhle. Okokuqala, isihlahla esidala sisusiwe. Ngemuva kokuthi kufanele kube ngu-5-8 cm penechek kuphela. Beka ukusika kumele kuhlanjululwe ekubuseni, kususe konke ukungcola kanye nama-debris. Kuphela emva kwalokhu udinga ukuqala ukuhlukanisa isitoko: ncamashi phakathi kwakho udinga ukwenza igebe encane lapho ukusika (noma eziningana) kungafanelana.
Amagilebhisi ahlanganiswa ngokwawo ahlanganisa ukusika ukuhlukaniswa (kuphela ingxenye eyinqunyiwe yalo) futhi uqine ngokuqinile ngesitokisi. Ngenxa yalokhu, isayithi lokugoma liqiniswe nge-tape ehlala njalo yendwangu engakwazi ukubola kuze kube ngonyaka ozayo. Ukuze isisetshenziswa kanye nesitshalo sigcine umswakama owengeziwe, ukuhlanganiswa kuhlanganiswe nobumba. Isitokisi ngemuva kwe-inoculation sinamanzi amaningi, futhi inhlabathi ewuzungezayo igujwa futhi ihlanganiswe.
Kuyathakazelisa nokufunda ngamagilebhisi amnyama
Ukunakekela umvini "uLidiya": kanjani ukwandisa isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yezithelo?
Umthelela omuhle kakhulu ekukhuleni komvini kanye nokubunjwa kwesitshalo ukuchelela ngesikhathi esifanele. Ngenxa yokwethulwa okwengeziwe komswakama ngesikhathi sokuhluma kwemifino futhi ngaphambi kokuhluma kwezihlahla, isihlahla sithola amandla amaningi futhi siqala ukukhula kahle.
Ngemuva kokuqedwa kwezimbali kanye nokubunjwa kwamajikijolo kwi-inflorescences, udinga ukwenza elinye ukutshala kwehlathi. Ngezikhathi zesomiso eside, isihlahla asikwazi ukushiywa ngaphandle kokuswakama, ngoba ngaphandle kwawo amajikijolo angeke akhulise usayizi oyifunayo futhi angaba acidic.
Ngemuva kokunisela ngamunye kubaluleke kakhulu ukugubungela inhlabathi ezungeze isiqu sesihlahla somvini. I-Mulch ayisebenzeli nje kuphela ukulondoloza umswakama emhlabathini, kodwa futhi isebenza njengesimanyolo esihle kakhulu semvelo. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-sawdust noma i-humus noma i-blackdened sawdust isetshenziswa kaningi njenge-mulch. Uhlaka lwe-mulch lungcono kakhulu mayelana namamentimitha angu-3, landa noma linciphisa ukuqina kwalo ngokuya ngezimo zonyaka kanye nokushisa.
Amagilebhisi "Lydia" kubalulekile ukondla ngokwengeziwe, okwenza umquba wokumba umhlabathi noma, kanye nokunisela, ukuwachitha emanzini.
Njenganoma yikuphi okunye okuhlukahlukene, la amagilebhisi adinga ukusika izihlahla kanye nemikhono. Izenzo ezinjalo asiza nje ukudala isihlahla esihle, kodwa futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine izakhi eziningi kuwo ukuze uthole isivuno esisha. Isihlahla esinjalo, njengasezinhlobonhlobo "uLydia" kufanele sifinyelelwe ngamehlo angaphansi kuka-6-8. Ungakhohlwa ngokusika izintambo nokuxosha amahlumela ehlathini, okumele kwenziwe ngasekupheleni kuka-Juni.
Naphezu kokuzinza okuhle kwe "Lydia" ngaphambi kweqhwa, ezindaweni eziningi ezisenyakatho isihlahla sidinga indawo yokuhlala ebusika. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi emahlathini asetshanini asetshalwe kuphela. Ukumboza, ngenxa yobukhulu obuncane, kulula kakhulu. Njengoba usungule ibhuloho ngaphandle kwesisekelo esihlahleni, isinamathela (noma ukuhlanganiswa kwe-graft) sigcwele ngokuphelele inhlabathi, okwenza intaba cishe ngamasentimitha angu-10 ngaphezu kwayo.
Ukwenza lokwakha ukwakhiwa kulo lonke ubusika, kufanelekile ukusekela ngosizo lwamabhodi noma amagatsha emithi yamafriji. Uma izimo zesimo sezulu zidinga indawo yokukhosela yesihlahla esingumuntu omdala, okukhethwa kukho ukudala umzila phezu kwayo kusukela ku-ifilimu. Kodwa, nge-thaws, kubalulekile ukugijima umoya ngaphansi kwalo ukuze isihlahla singahlali.
Naphezu kokumelana okukhulu kwamagilebhisi "uLidiya" ezifweni eziyinhloko zefungal, kudinga izinyathelo zokuzivikela zokulwa ne-phylloxera. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlanza isihlahla, ama-best preparations okuyi-Actellic, i-Zolon ne-Konfidor. Uma izilonda zibonwa amahlamvu - kufanele zinqunywe futhi zibhujiswe. Kunciphisa ingozi yomonakalo yilokhu okuyizinambuzane zokutshala amagilebhisi enhlabathini enhlabathi.
