Asclepias, noma, njengoba kuthiwa futhi, i-vatochnik - Lena imifino engapheli noma i-shrub enokuphakama kwe-0.5 kuya ku-1.5 m, okubhekwa njengendawo yokuzalwa eNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika. Isibeletho sinomsindo oqinile we-rhizome, oqinile oqinile.
Amaqabunga amakhulu e-lanceolate atholakale ephikisana noma aphethwe. Ubude beqabunga bungaba ngu-20 cm, amaqabunga ane-vein enesisindo esiphakathi, ingxenye engezansi yeqabunga ishicilelwe kakhulu.
I-Vatochnik iqhakaza engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo ngezimbali ezincane zombala obomvu, obomvu noma omhlophe, eziqoqwe ezimbukisweni ezifana nezimbulunga. Ngemuva kwehlobo elishisayo, imbewu ehlwanyelwe e-spindle, ehlanganiswe ne-fluff, ngaphandle efana nekotini, lapho isitshalo sanikezwa igama elithi "vatochnik".
Izinhlobo zamaqabunga okuhlobisa okumi njalo
Njengesitshalo sokuhlobisa, lezi zinhlobo ze-vatochnika ziyasetshenziswa: inyama-obomvu, i-tuberose neSiriya. Cabanga ngalunye lwalezi zinhlobo ngokuningiliziwe.
Uyazi? I-Asklepias inezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-80, kodwa ezintathu kuphela ezisetshenziselwa izinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa.
I-Butcher inyama ibomvu
Ubomvu obubomvu bukhula bufike ku-1.2 m ubude. I-stem ihlanganiswe, enezinhlobo eziningana ezihlangene, amaqabunga amancane ase-pubescent. Isihlahla se-vatochnika ebomvu sinomsoco, sinomumo omuhle, sikhula ngokubanzi eminyakeni.
Isikhathi sokuqhakaza ngoJulayi, ubude bufinyelela ezinsukwini ezingama-35. Izimbali zibomvu noma zibomvu-pink, zingaphansi ezimhlophe, zibe ne-flavour encane, encane ye-chocolate. Izimbali zakha ama-inflorescences afana nesambulela ngobubanzi buka-5-6 cm.
I-tuberose ye-Butcher
I-shtochka tuberose, noma i-tuberiferous - 0.5-0.7 m phezulu. Amaqabunga ama-oblong ama-pubescent. I-Blooms efihlekile obukhulu bezimbali ezincane ezimnandi ze-orange. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza sinesikhathi eside - kusukela phakathi nohlobo kuya ekwindla zakuqala. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-tuberose vatochnika zinezimbali zombala ophuzi nombala obomvu.
I-Syriac Butcher
I-stalker yeSyatoan ifinyelela ku-0.8-1.5 m ubude, lezi zinhlobo ziyisibindi eside, zingakhula iminyaka engama-30. Amahlumela aqondile, ahlanganiswe amaqabunga ama-oblong, angaba ngu-14 cm ubude. Amaqabunga othinta umbala obomvu afana namahlamvu e-rhododendron.
Isici salezi zinhlobo ukuwa kwamaqabunga aphansi kanye nokuvezwa kwengxenye yempande yehlumela. I-blooms i-syrian vatnik i-pink izimbali ezibubanzi obuyi-8-10 mm, ezakha isambulela-njenge-inflorescences elimnandi. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza siqala ngoJulayi futhi ngezinye izikhathi singagcina kuze kube seqhwa kuqala. Lolu hlobo lwe-vatochnik luvumela amahlumela ebangeni elingaphezu kwe-1 m ukusuka ehlathini lomama. 
Uyazi? Iphunga le-vatochnika lifana nephunga elimnandi le-pastry.
Ukukhetha indawo yokufika
I-shank iyisitshalo esingenakuzithoba, sikhula cishe kunoma imuphi umhlabathi, kodwa i-weakly acid loams ikhetha ukuthuthukiswa okungcono. Indawo lapho intwasahlobo izokhula khona kufanele ilanga, ngaphandle kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
Ukuze i-vatochnik ibe mnandi futhi inhle, idinga ukuhlinzeka isikhala esanele sokuthuthukiswa, lapho kutshalwa kuyadingeka ukugcina ibanga elingenani 2 m esitshaleni esiseduze.
Izinhlobo zeSyria zihlukile kwezinye izinhlanga ezinonya, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuba utshale ebhodweni ngobuningi bamanzi. Ikhono le-vatochnik limba emhlabathini, ngaleyo ndlela limise ukukhula kwezinqubo zayo.
Kubalulekile! Ukukhula endaweni eyodwa iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10, isihlahla esihlathini sidinga ukufakelwa ukukhula okuhle.
Ukwandisa i-vatochnika ngokusebenzisa izithombo
I-grouper esikhundleni esasakazwa ngempumelelo ngembewu. Okuwukuphela kobunzima okungabhekana nakho ukungabikho kwembewu kumuntu omdala okhulayo, ngoba i-vatuchnik idinga ihlobo elishisayo ukuze livuthwe.
Kunoma yikuphi, imbewu ye-vatochnika ingatholakala ngokudayiswa, futhi kulula ukukhula izithombo kuzo; Sichaza le nqubo ngokuningiliziwe.
Lapho ukutshala imbewu izithombo
Ukuze kusakaze izithombo ngembewu, zitshalwe izithombo ekhaya ngo-Mashi-Ephreli. Imbewu ihlala isebenza iminyaka emithathu. Imbewu yokutshala yenziwa emhlabathini, ehloselwe izitshalo zasekhaya noma izitshalo zasendlini.
Ukujula Kwembewu
Ukujula kwe-Seeding kumele kube ngu-10-15 mm. Isendlalelo sokudonsa sithelelwa ebhokisini lembewu, khona-ke umhlabathi we-loamy, lapho imigwaqo yenziwa khona futhi imbewu ayihlwanyelwe kakhulu. Cishe emavikini amabili ngemuva kokuhlwanyela amahlumela okuqala we-tapering azovela.
Izimo ezifanele zezithombo
Ngemuva kokuhlwanyela imbewu, inhlabathi iyaswakanyiswa, futhi isitsha sokutshala sigcwele ifilimu ukudala umphumela wokushisa. Nsuku zonke udinga ukuzula izithombo, uvula ifilimu ngamahora amaningana.
Umhlabathi uswakanyiswe njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu, ungawafakeza ngamanzi afudumele ngezikhathi ezithile. Uma kuvela amahlumela, isitsha esinezithombo sifakwa endaweni evulekile ngokushisa kwe-air engekho ngaphezu kwe-+18 ° C. Ngemuva kokuba izithombo zithole amandla, ifilimu isuswa ngokuphelele.
Izithombo ze-Dive
Izithombo ezikhuni kufanele zihanjiswe ezimbizeni ezihlukene noma kwisitsha esikhulu esinesikhala sokuthuthukiswa okuhle kwensimu. Amathangi amasha kufanele abe nesendlalelo samanzi ka 2-3 cm. I-top of the izithombo ingafakwa, bese kukhuthaza ukukhula kwesitshalo. Ngemuva kokukhethwa, amandla okuba nezithombo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kungcono kakhulu ukukhipha.
Uyazi? I-Asklepias iyisitshalo esihle seju, ihektha elilodwa lokutshala kwalo linika cishe u-600 kg wezinyosi ezikhanyayo nephunga lesithelo.
Ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile
Izithombo zeVatochka, ezikhulile kusuka kumbewu, zingatshalwa endaweni evulekile endaweni esungulwe kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJuni ngokweqhinga lika 0.5 × 0.5 m. Ngesikhathi sokuqala emva kokutshala, izitshalo ezincane zidinga ukuphuzwa nsuku zonke. Emva kweminyaka engu-3-4, lesi sitshalo kufanele siqhakaze.
Ezinye izindlela zokutshala nezokusabalalisa
Ukwenziwa kabusha kwe-vatochnika nakho kwenziwa ngokuhlwanyela imbewu ngqo emhlabathini, ukwahlukanisa isihlahla kanye nokusika. Umlimi ngamunye uzikhethela ukhetho olufanele kakhulu.
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngqo emhlabathini ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo enhlabathini enomanzi, ngokushesha ngemuva kwehla kweqhwa. Indawo yokutshala ingaphambi kokugubungelela, isuse izimpande zokhula bese ukhulula.
Emva kwalokho, imifantu yenziwa, iyanamanzi futhi imbewu ihlwanyelwe ekujuleni okungaba ngu-30 mm.
Khona-ke imbewu ifafazwa umhlaba, kuyilapho izimbobo ezincane zishiywa phansi ukuze ziphuze emasontweni okuqala emva kokutshala. Uma imbewu yatshalwe ezweni elomile, kuyadingeka ukumboza imibhede ngefilimu ukusheshisa ukubukeka kwamahlumela.
Ukukhiqizwa yi-cuttings
Ukuze zisakaze ukuvota, ama-cuttings kumele akhiwe ekuqaleni kwehlobo ukusika ihlumela elincane libe ngamagceke ama-15 cm amade, lapho amaqabunga aphansi asuswa khona, futhi ukusika kufakwa enhlabathini emanzi. Lolu hlobo lokuzalanisa ludinga ukusebenza kahle, ngoba ukusika, okulahlekelwe yi-sap enkulu yamanzi, kuyoba kubi nakakhulu ukugxila. I-cuttings ithatha izimpande cishe izinsuku ezingamashumi amabili.
Ukuqothula isihlahla
Ukwenziwa kabusha kwe-vatochnika indlela yokuhlukanisa isihlahla kuqhutshwa ekwindla sekwephuzile, emva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokubhakabhaka. Ukwenza lokhu, gubha i-shrub, uhlukanise i-rhizome zibe yizicucu ze-10-15 cm, uhlukanise iziqu ze-stalker bese utshala izingxenye ezihlukanisiwe zehlathi ukuze zithole indawo ehlala njalo.
Ingxenye ngayinye ye-rhizome kumele ibe namahlumela amasha.
Ngalendlela yokukhiqiza, izitshalo zivame ukugxila, futhi izihlahla ezintsha zikwazi ukuqhakaza ngenkathi ehlobo ezayo.
Kubalulekile! Ijusi le-Vatochnika elixhumana nesikhumba libangela ukucasuka.
Yiziphi izitshalo abakwa-vatnika abazihlanganisa nazo?
Umlingani ukhula kahle eduze kwazo zonke izitshalo, kodwa inhlanganisela engcono kakhulu yenziwa ngomqhele we-meadow, i-perlovnik ne-miscanthus. I-bell ephezulu, i-fizostegiya, i-ekhinatseya ne-aconites igcwalisa ngokugcwele izihlahla ezinamandla i-vatochnika umbono wokuhlobisa futhi ungeze imibala ekhanyayo indawo ye-dacha noma ingadi.
Indlela yokunakekela i-opener emhlabathini ovulekile
Ukwandisa izinga lokuvota engadini noma ku-dacha akulona kunzima kakhulu, ngisho nomlimi wesimanje angakwazi ukwenza le nqubo. Ngaphezu kokunisela nokufaka umanyolo, okuchazwe kamuva, i-vatochnik kufanele ngezinye izikhathi ihlonywe, yenze i-shrub enhle. Uma ufisa ukuvuselela isitshalo, ungaziqeda zonke izingxenye zomhlabathi, futhi maduzane amahlumela amasha azokhula kusuka empandeni. Kunconywa ukusika izimbali zomhlanga ngemva kokuba izimbali ziphelile, uma ungahle uhlele ukuqoqa imbewu.
Yikuphi ukuchelela ukunikeza
Ngemuva kokutshala, isikhwama sidinga ukuchelela njalo. Isitshalo esikhulile sinezimpande ezinamandla, ezikwazi ukuzimela ngokuzimela ngesitshalo. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqapha isimo somhlabathi, ngenkathi eyomile i-vatnik kufanele iphuze kusihlwa.
Ukudla nini futhi kanjani
Ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngemuva kweqhwa elishiya indawo lapho imbewu ikhula, kuyadingeka ukuhlanza izinto ezivela kuso lapho kubusika, lokhu kuzokusiza ukukhula kwamahlumela amancane.
Emva kokuvela kwamahlumela aluhlaza kungenziwa umanyolo wezinyolo eziyinkimbinkimbi zamaminerali, uzilethe ngqo emhlabathini. Ivuselela ukukhula kweziqu kanye namaqabunga, kanye nokuhlinzeka ngokufudumele kwe-vatochnika ehlobo.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka ngokukhula
Kuphikisana nezifo ezihlukahlukene nezinambuzane, ezimweni ezingavamile amahlathi ayo angakhuphuka inhlanzi encane - i-whiteflyodla ijusi lawo, engabangela ukuphelelwa yisikhathi. Ukuqeda inkathazo kungaba izidakamizwa "Fufanon" "Rovikurt" noma "Aktellik", elungiselelwe ngokwemiyalo.
Enye inkinga engase ivele ku-vatochnik ngenkathi yokutshala nokunakekelwa yiyona engafanele yomoya umswakama. Ngomswakama okweqile, lesi sitshalo sizakuthinteka isikhunta, futhi ngokuswakama okwanele, amaqabunga azophenduka aphuzi futhi aqale ukuwa. Esikhathini sokuqala, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa izinga lomswakama, uma kuyisithombo noma isitshalo ebhodweni, khona-ke isitsha nesitsha se-vatnik kumele sithuthelwe endaweni eyomile, esimweni sesibili, ukupompela ngezikhathi ezithile kuzosiza.
Uyazi? Amaflufyfy afakazela imbewu ka-Asklepias ivuselela umswakama: lokhu "uboya bekotini" esetshenziselwa ukusetshenziselwa ekwakhiweni kwejackethi yokuphila.
Indawo yokuhlala ebusika
Ukuze ihlane elikhulayo ekuklanyeleni kwe-landscape lakho libe ngempumelelo phezu kwe-winwinter nangenkathi ezayo ukujabulisa nenhlanhla yalo eluhlaza, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka indawo yokuhlala. Amaqabunga asomile afaneleka indawo yokuhlala, abanye balimi basebenzisa lokhu ngenhloso yokuhlangana nge-sawdust noma amagxolo omisiwe wezihlahla. Ngaphambi kokuhlala indawo yokubusika, kuyadingeka ukusika amahlumela aso emhlabathini ngamaphesenti angu-10, lokhu kuzothuthukisa ukubukeka kwesiqephu, futhi ukusika iziqu kufanelekile njengento yokumboza.
