I-Bordeaux ingxube wathola igama layo endaweni yendalo yakhe - idolobha laseBordeaux. EFrance, lo mthozi usetshenziswe ngempumelelo kusukela ngekhulu le-19. Ingxube yeBordeaux ingalungiswa yedwa. Kulesi sihloko, uzofunda ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani lokhu, ukukhiqiza ingxube yeBordeaux, izindlela zokwenza isicelo kanye nezinyathelo zokuphepha.
Ukubunjwa kanye nesimiso se-Bordeaux ingxube
Cabanga nge-Bordeaux fluid ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi iyini, ukwakheka nokusebenza. I-Bordeaux liquid iyinhlanganisela yethusi le-sulphate ne-lime ehlanjululwe. I-Liquid isetshenziselwa ukubulala-fungicide - ngokumelene nokutheleleka kwefungal of izitshalo nezitshalo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izidakamizwa zesenzo esifanayo, ingxube yeBordeaux iqukethe i-calcium, evumela izithelo izitshalo ukukhokhela ukungabi khona kwayo, okuvame ukutholakala emhlabathini ompofu. Ngaphandle kwe-calcium, izakhi ezisebenzayo enxenyeni yeBordeaux zingamakhemikhali ezethusi ezakhiwe ngemva kokuphendula kwe-sulfate yethusi ne-lime. Lezi zinhlanganisela azihlanganisi kahle futhi zifakwe ezitshalweni ngendlela yama crystals amancane, zibavikela ezifungeni nasezikhungwini isikhathi eside. Indlela yokwenza i-Bordeaux ingxube esekelwe umphumela omubi we-ion ithusi ku-fungi, izinhlamvu zazo zifa nje. I-lime inhlanganisela yenza kube nomthelela omubi wethusi ezitshalweni futhi kusiza ukubamba izitshalo isikhathi eside.
Ukuhambisana nezinye izidakamizwa
I-Bordeaux ingxube ngokwemigomo yokusetshenziswa ayihambisani nesobho kanye namanye amakhemikhali isenzo sokubulala izinambuzane, ngaphandle kwe-sulfur colloidal. Akukwahle ukuxuba uketshezi nge karbofos, nge-organic phosphorus compounds. I-liquid ingakwazi ukusebenzisana nama-fungicide e-systemic ukuthuthukisa imiphumela yokuzivikela nokubhubhisa izifo ezimweni ezimbi, kodwa kukhona okunye - izidakamizwa ezinokubunjwa kwegalari yokudubula. Le nhlanganisela isetshenziselwa ama-fungicides njenge "Oxadixyl", "Alet", "Cymoxanil", "Metalaxyl".
Uyazi? I-sulfate ye-Copper ayisetshenziswanga nje kuphela njenge-fungicide, isetshenziselwa embonini yokudla, kwezokwelapha, ezakhiweni zamatshe, ukwakhiwa, upende nemikhiqizo ye-varnish, ekukhiqizeni izilwane nezinye izimboni eziningi.
Indlela yokulungisa isixazululo se-Bordeaux fluid
Qonda ukulungiswa kwe-Bordeaux liquid. Ukucubungula izitshalo besebenzisa ingxenyeni eyodwa nephesenti emaphesenti amathathu, cabangela kokubili okukhethwa kukho. Ukuze ulungise ingxube ye-1%, kubalulekile ukulungiselela 100 g we-sulphate yethusi no-120 g we-quicklime. I-powder yempuphu ichitheka ilitha lamanzi ashisayo esitsheni seglasi noma ebumba. Ngemva kwalokho, uthele amanzi abandayo abe yisisombululo - amalitha amahlanu. Kwesinye isitsha, i-lime isuliwe ngetitha lamanzi ashisayo futhi ihlanjululwe ngamalitha amahlanu amanzi abandayo. Zombili izingxube zihlungiwe futhi zixutshwe ngokufanele: i-sulfate yethusi ithululelwa ku-lime ngenkathi igqugquzela. Ingxube ilungile.
Kubalulekile! Akuvumelekile ukusebenzisa izitsha zepulasitiki uma usebenza ne-lime, kuzoshukela futhi ungase uhlupheke. Ukuze ukulungiswa kwe-sulfate yethusi ungasebenzisi izitsha zensimbi.
Ukupheka uketshezi lwamaphesenti amathathu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uzodinga: 300 g we-sulfate yethusi kanye no-450 g we-lime (quicklime). Umgomo wokulungiselela ufana nesisombululo esisodwa sephesenti. Ukuze kulungiselelwe kokubili okwehlukile kwetshezi, kuyadingeka ukuthatha i-lime emphakathini ovalwe uphawu, ovalwe uphawu. I-lime evulekile ilahlekelwa yizimfanelo zayo ngokuphendula nge-oxygen ne-carbon dioxide.
Ukuphepha emsebenzini
Ekusebenzelaneni neziphuzo zeBordeaux, kubalulekile ukugcina kokubili ukuphepha kwabo kanye nokuphepha kwezitshalo. Ukufafaza izihlahla Bordeaux liquid ngemva kwesikhathi izimbali kuholela imiphumela edabukisayo: ukushisa amahlamvu, ukulahlwa amaqanda, ukuqhekeka kanye nokuwohloka ukunambitheka kanye nekhwalithi yezithelo. Uma kudingeke ukuba usebenzise ama-fungicide phakathi nalesi sikhathi, sebenzisa izidakamizwa ezingenayo ithusi: Kuproksat, HOM, Oxyf, noma Champion. Kunconywa ukwelashwa kwentwasahlobo yensimu ye-Bordeaux liquid, ngakho-ke kwenziwa ukuvikela ukulwa nokutheleleka ngesikhunta. Futhi i-Bordeaux liquid igcina izitshalo ngisho nasezimweni zezikhathi eziningi. Abalimi bezitshalo abanomdla wombuzo lapho ungaphambanisa i-Bordeaux liquid. Izimo ezifanele zokucubungula - ekuseni noma kusihlwa, esimweni sezulu esinesibhakabhaka nesingenamoya.
Qaphela! Kuvinjelwe ukusebenzisa ingxube ye-burgundy ekushiseni okukhulu noma emvula. Lokhu kuzoshiya ukushisa emaqabunga amahlumela. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukukhipha ukungena emhlabathini ngenkathi kusetshenzwa.
Ukuze uphephe ukuphepha kwakho, kunconywa ukuba uhambisane nemithetho elandelayo:
- Ngesikhathi ulungiselela futhi usebenza ne-Bordeaux ingxube udinga ukuba usethinteni elivikelayo, umoya wokuphefumula, i-headgear kanye namaglavu.
- Akuvunyelwe ukudla, ukuphuza, ukubhema uma usebenzisa ingxube noma emaphakathini amancane phakathi komsebenzi.
- Ukunakekelwa kufanele kuhokhwe emoyeni, kubalulekile ukuthi isipulisi akuwa phezu kwakho, kanye nezitshalo ongeke uziphathe.
- Uma iqalisa ukuwa, sebenzisa i-fungicide kufanele imiswe.
I-Bordeaux liquid iyingozi emzimbeni womuntu, akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa isithelo ngqo emva kokucubungula. Ungadla imifino izinsuku ezingu-20 ngemuva kokucubungula, izithelo - izinsuku ezingu-15, amajikijolo - izinsuku ezingu-25. Kodwa kunoma yikuphi, ngaphambi kokudla imifino noma izithelo ezenziwe ngaphambilini, kufanele zihlanzwe ngaphansi kwamanzi asebenzayo.
Izimo zokugcina
Isixazululo esilungisiwe saseBordeaux sisetshenziswa ngokushesha, ungasilondoloza emini ngokufaka ushukela esixazululweni (ama gramu amahlanu ngamalitha ayishumi). I-Bordeaux ingxube igcinwe kuphakeji elivalwe, izinga lokushisa lokugcina lokugcina aliphansi kune--30 degrees hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-30. Ungalondolozi emaphaketheni avuliwe, eduze kokudla noma kokudla kwezilwane. Ukuze ungalingani nempilo yeshalofu, ungaqedi ilebuli yemboni: iqukethe usuku lokukhiqiza nokuthi ingakanani i-Bordeaux liquid ingagcinwa. Ngaphansi kwayo yonke imithetho, ifaneleka kuze kube yiminyaka emibili.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo! ERoma lasendulo, i-lime yayisetshenziswa ekwakhiweni njengento yokubamba, iseza kuwo amafutha angulube noma igazi lesilwane. Kwavela lapha ukuthi inkulumo ethi "ukwakha egazini" yahamba. Ngendlela, lezi zokupheka nazo zasetshenziswa naseRussia YaseMandulo, kepha amafutha noma izidakamizwa azange zisetshenziswe ekwakhiweni kwamasonto obuKristu: isonto lalahla. I-Flax cut, i-cottage shizi kanye ne-decoctions ye-pine bark yanezelwa.
Ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyikhulu yokusetshenziswa, le ngxube ayitholanga ukubuyekezwa okungalungile, ngokuphambene nalokho, naphezu kweminyaka yayo ehloniphekile, ithuluzi lisetshenziswe ngempumelelo ezinsukwini zethu.
