Ngenxa yokungathobeki, ukukhula okusheshayo nokukhukhamba okuvuthwa kuboniswa cishe kuzo zonke izivande, nakwamanye amazwe.
Njengoba lokhu kungomunye wemifino ekhula ngokumangalisayo endlini yokushisa, ingenye yeyokuqala ukungena ekudleni kwethu emva kwebusika eside ngaphandle kwamavithamini. Ikhukhamba ngokwayo, ngokungafani nezinye izitshalo zemifino, ayikwazi ukuziqhayisa umcebo wezakhi kubantu.
Kodwa-ke, kunzima ukucabanga amasaladi amaningi kanye nezifundo zokuqala ngaphandle kwale mifino. Ukuze udle amahle, izithelo ezinomsoco futhi ezihlwabusayo zikhule zodwa, zidinga ukondliwa kulo lonke ukuthuthukiswa. Futhi yenzeni ngemithetho, ukuze ungabhubhisi isivuno. Sizokukhuluma ngezimpawu zokukhukhamba ezikhulayo futhi ezondla ku-greenhouse polycarbonate kulezi zinto.
Izici zokudla ukhukhamba ekushiseni okushisa: indlela yokwenza umanyolo wesimiso
Namuhla, wonke umuntu ubeka phambili ekutshaleni imifino ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo ze-polycarbonate. Ukuthandwa kwabo ngokuyinhloko kubangelwa ukukhululeka kwemikhakha kanye nezimfanelo ezihle kakhulu ezitshalweni zezitshalo.
Ikakhulukazi, ikhono lokudlula inani elanele lokukhanya kwelanga nokugcina ukushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho bekhukhamba ukhukhamba endaweni yokushisa yama-polycarbonate, asikho isidingo sokutshala izithombo zabo ngaphambili.
Uma ukhula ukhukhamba obamba ukushisa, kubalulekile hhayi kuphela ukugcina izinga lokushisa elifanele kanye nomswakama. Ukudla okunomsoco kuyadingeka ekuthuthukiseni kwabo okuphumelelayo kanye ne-fruiting. Zenziwa ngesikhathi sonke inqubo yemifino - kusukela ngesikhathi sokutshala izithombo kuze kufike u-fruiting.
Umnikazi ngamunye we-abamba ukushisa ngokuziqhenya kwakhe, esebenzisa isipiliyoni neseluleko somunye umuntu, uzokhetha indlela efanele kakhulu yokufaka umanyolo, angakhetha noma yikuphi uhlobo lomanyolo kanye nenketho yesicelo. Lokhu kuzoxhomeka ekubunjweni kwenhlabathi, ezihlukahlukene ezihlakulelwe, izimo ezenziwe. Kodwa-ke, kunezincomo ezijwayelekile ukuthi kuyadingeka ukucabangela bonke abahilelekile ekukhukheni okukhulayo endaweni yokushisa yama polycarbonate.
Futhi okokuqala udinga ukwazi ukuthi le mifino ikhula kanjani ekukhuleni kwayo, ngesikhatsi sini nokuthi yiziphi izinto ezithile ezidinga.
Ukuze uphumelele ikhukhamba, kunezici ezintathu ezidingekayo:
- i-nitrogen;
- i-potassium;
- i-phosphorus.
Uyazi? I-potassium, i-nitrogen ne-phosphorus ziqukethe ikhukhamba ngesilinganiso esilandelayo: 3: 2: 1.
Phakathi nenkathi ekhulayo, okudingekayo kakhulu ikhukhamba i-nitrogen. Phakathi nokukhula kwezibhamu adinga i-potassium. Futhi uma kuvela amahlumela amasha futhi ekuqaleni kwe-fruiting, imifino idinga ukunikezwa okungeziwe. i-nitrogen. Ngesikhathi se-fruiting ikhukhamba idinga e-potassium ne-phosphorus.Ngokuhambisana nalezi zidingo zemikhiqizo yemifino, ungenza isimiso sokondla amakakhukhamba kubamba lokushisa.
Izitshalo zisetshenziswa izikhathi ezintathu kuya kwezine, kucatshangelwa imigomo evunyelwe. Nakuba, uma kudingeka, izithako zingase zibe ngaphezulu, kodwa hhayi kaningi ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezingu-14 njalo.
Ukudla kokuqala kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuqhakaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo ezahlukene zomanyolo kufanele zisetshenziswe ezitshalweni ezidingekayo. Ukuze uthole ulwazi mayelana nokuthi amakhokhamba abonisa kanjani ukuthi aswele, ungafunda esigabeni sokugcina salesi sihloko. Okwamanje, sizoqonda ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zomquba kanye nokuthi zingayisebenzisa kanjani kahle ukhukhamba.
Kubalulekile! Ukhukhamba awuphenduli kahle ngokweqile kwezakhi zomzimba. Ukondla ngokweqile akuyona into engathandeki ngenxa yamakhukhamba e-greenhouse, njengoba ingaholela ekucindezelweni kokukhula kwawo.
Izinhlobo zomanyolo wamakhukhamba kubamba lokushisa
Ukhukhamba uveza izinhlobo ezimbili zemanyolo:
- eziphilayo (umquba, ama-droppings, umquba, i-peat, njll);
- amaminerali (ammonia, potash, phosphate, micronutrient fertilizer).
Izinhlobonhlobo zezimila eziphilayo
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokondla ukhukhamba kungaba yizixazululo ezinamandla. Nansi amafomu ambalwa omquba eziphilayo.
Esikhathini samabhakede angu-10 litre amanzi ahlakaze ama-0.5 amalitha we-mullein nge-1 tbsp. Spoons nitrofoski. Emva kokuxuba kahle, engeza 200 g lomlotha (50 g we potassium sulfate), 0.5 g we-boric acid no-0.3 g we-manganese sulphate. Ukusetshenziswa - 3 l / 1 sq. m Kunconywa ukuba wenze ukugqoka okuphezulu ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza nokubunjwa kwama-ovari. Kuqhutshwa izinsuku ezingama-20 emva kokusetshenziswa kwezikhupha zokuqala kumanyolo osanda kuhluma futhi unikezwa amapheshana amathathu kuya amane ezithombo.
Uyazi? Kukholelwa ukuthi ikhukhamba iyasiza kakhulu ukondla umlotha wokhuni (100 g / 10 l amanzi). Kungenziwa ukukhulelwa kunoma yisiphi isikhathi ngezikhathi ezinsukwini ezingu-10.Uma unethuba lokulungisa umanyolo ophilayo, ke ukufaka umquba wesithathu nokwesine kungenziwa futhi usebenzisa udaba oluphilayo: izinyoni zezinyoni noma i-mullein. Okwesithathu, kunconywa ukuba ugeze, emva kokulinda amasonto amabili ngemuva kwesibili. Inhlabathi kumele iphuze ngokubunjwa okulandelayo: 2.5 Art. I-mullein ye-spoon ihlanjululwa ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Ukusetshenziswa - 8 l / 1 sq. m. Ukufana okufanayo kusetshenziselwa ukudla okulandelayo.
Ukusetshenziswa kokutshala izitshalo kusetshenziselwa ukuhlanjululwa emanzini. izinkukhu (1:15), umquba (1: 6), umquba (1: 8). Ngaphezu kwalokho, faka isicelo izifo zotshani oluhlaza (1: 5). I-Humus isetshenziswa eyomile. 
Ukumnika utshani obuluhlaza ingalungiswa kanje: 1 kg izitshalo ezichotshoziwe ze-quinoa, i-plantain, i-nettle, ithulule amalitha angu-12 amanzi ashisayo, ifaka izinsuku ezintathu. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, ubunzima. Sebenzisa imibhede yokuchelela. Ukusetshenziswa - isikwele esingu-2-3 l / 1. m. Ukusetshenziswa nezinye izitshalo.
Akuvamile kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi, kepha kusebenza kahle ukondla ukhukhamba ku-abamba ukushisa ngemvubelo. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba uzuze isivuno esingcono. Umanyolo ulungiselelwe nje: 100 g yemvubelo echithwe ngo 10 amalitha amanzi. Ukumnika kufanele kufakwe usuku olulodwa. Le nhlanganisela yezitshalo yanyuka empandeni.
Amaminerali amaminerali amakhukhamba abamba ukushisa
Ama-fertilizer amaminerali lapho kungekho khona izinto eziphilayo kufanele asetshenziswe lapho eqala ukondla ukhukhamba ngemuva kokutshala ku-greenhouse, okwenziwa lapho izithombo zizonikeza amaqabunga amathathu noma amane. Lungiselela ngale ndlela: 20 g we-double superphosphate, 15-20 g we-potassium sulfate (10-15 g we-potassium chloride), 10-15 g we-ammonium nitrate. Lelixazululo lanele ukondla ama-10-15 amahlumela.
Kusukela kwezinye izingxenye zamaminerali, kunokuba kungenzeka ukuba uhlanganise ukhukhamba ebamba lokushisa, okulandelayo kunconywa:
1. Ukudla kokuqala:
- 1 tbsp. i-spoon urea, i-60 g ye-superphosphate ihlanjululwe ebhaketheni lamanzi eli-10;
- 5 g we-ammophos ukusabalalisa emhlabathini bese ukhulula;
- 10 g we-ammonium nitrate, 10 g we-superphosphate, 10 g we-usawoti we-potassium uthele ama-10 amalitha amanzi.
2. Ukudla okwesibili:
- 20 g we-nitrate ka-potassium, 30 g we-ammonium nitrate, 40 g we-superphosphate;
3. Ukudla okwesithathu:
- 15-20 g of nitassium nitrate ihlanjululwe ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi;
- 50 g we-urea uthele ama-10 amalitha amanzi;
4. Ukudla kwesine:
- 28-30 g we-baking soda encibilike ku-10 amalitha amanzi.
Ngakho-ke, ngokusekelwe ezinconyweni, ungenza uhlelo olusondela lokukhukhamba ukhukhamba endaweni yokushisa, okuzobukeka kanje:
Ukudla kokuqala - ngaphambi kokuvuna, lapho izithombo zinikeza amaqabunga okuqala - umquba wezinto eziphilayo noma wamaminerali, ocebile nge-nitrogen;
Ukudla kwesibili - ngenkathi ukwakhiwa kwama-ovaries nokuqala kwezimbali (amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu emva kokudlule) - umquba ophilayo (ngokungabikho kwezinto eziphilayo, amaminerali asetshenziswa ngesilinganiso esinciphile se-nitrogen nokuqukethwe okwandisiwe kwe-potassium);
Ukuphakelwa kwamaminerali okunconywe ngaphambi kokuhluma: i-ammonium nitrate - 5-10 g; superphosphate - 20 g; i-potassium sulfate - 10 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi.
Ukudla okwesithathu - ngesikhathi se-mass fruiting (kungakapheli amasonto amabili ngemuva kwangaphambili) - i-potash, i-phosphate fertilizer, ne-nitrogen fertilizer ngokufaka isulfure;
Ukugqoka okwesine - ngesikhathi se-fruiting (izinsuku eziyi-14 emva kwesithathu) - nge-potassium ne-phosphate fertilizer.
Ukuphakanyiswa kwamaminerali okunconywe ngesikhathi sokuhluma: ammonium nitrate - 15-20 g; superphosphate - 20 g; i-potassium sulfate - 20 g ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. 
Kubalulekile! Umanyolo wenziwa ngokubambisana nokunisela. Ukhukhamba kangcono ukukhulelwa emva kokuchelela noma imvula.
Izinhlobo zokukhukhamba ukhukhamba endaweni yokushisa
Ngendlela yokwenza ukudla kuhlukaniswe ngo:
- isilawuli sekhompiyutha
- impande.
Ukuphakelayo kwe-Foliar
Uma uzokwenzela uhlelo lwakho, yini, ngesikhathi futhi kanjani ukondla ukhukhamba, kubalulekile ukwengeza umsoco we-foliar kuwo - ukuphalaza amaqabunga ngezinto eziwusizo. Ngoba le ndlela isetshenziselwa izingqikithi ezenziwe ngomumo, zithengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile, futhi ziphekwe ngezandla zazo.
Nazi ezinye izindlela zokugqoka ama-foliar:
- 10 g we-superphosphate, 30 g we-nitassium nitrate, i-1 g ye-boric acid, u-0.4 g we-sulfur manganese, u-0.1 g we-zinc sulphate;
- 50 g yekhambi le-urea eli-1.5% / 10 l amanzi;
- 1 tsp boric acid, ama-crystal angu-10-12 we-potassium permanganate ahlakazwa ilitha lamanzi.
Uyazi? Uma uphefaza isisombululo se-urea kuhlangene nezimpande ezinama-syring nge izinaliti, i-sawdust noma i-humus, ungakwazi ukufezekisa ukhukhamba wesikhathi eside.I-Zircon, i-Epin, ama-fertilizer akhethekile amakhukhamba azofaneleka ekuxubeni okulungile. 1 tbsp. I-spoonful of these substances ihlanjululwe ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Ukusetshenziswa - 5 amalitha / 1 isikwele. m
Ukondla Foliar we ukhukhamba amakhambi abantu kusho ukusifiphaza kufakwe utshani. Igcwele amanzi (1: 1), imise amahora angu-48. Amakhukhamba afakelwe ukukhushulwa kathathu ngezikhathi ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa.
Inzuzo enkulu yokupuniza ngamaminerali yiyona esheshayo, uma kuqhathaniswa nezimpande zokugqoka, isenzo, kanye nokulahlekelwa okuncane kwezinto eziwusizo. Kodwa-ke, kufanele wazi ukuthi ukudla okunomsoco - lokhu kungumthombo owengeziwe wezakhi, ngeke bakwazi ukugcwalisa isitshalo ngezici ezidingekayo. 
Izinkomba eziyinhloko ekwenzeni ukhukhamba lokudla okwenziwe ngama-foliar ekushiseni okubamba ukushisa kungukuntuleka komsoco owodwa noma ngaphezulu kanye nesimo sehlobo esibandayo nesimo sezulu esinesibhakabhaka nesibindi sokukhanya kwelanga. Zibanjwe ngamanani amancane kusihlwa noma ekungabikho kwelanga. Kuthelwa ngamaconsi amancane ngokufanayo emaqabunga.
Kubalulekile! Ukugqoka ama-foliar kuqala kuhlolwe ehlathini elilodwa lekhukhamba. Uma ekupheleni kosuku umkhuba ofuthiwe awuzange usabele nganoma iyiphi indlela ngokubonakala, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi uphefa wonke amakhukhamba.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu komsuka
Kunconywa ukuba amanzi ngaphansi kwempande ngokushesha emva kwemvula noma ukuchelela okunamandla kusihlwa noma esimweni sezulu esibhakabhakeni.
Mhlawumbe ukuqaliswa kokugqoka ezinye izimpande kanye namanyolo e-organic kuphela noma amaminerali kuphela, kanye nokunye okukhona okungenzeka okukhona okuyizinto eziphilayo kanye namaminerali, ama-foliar nezimpande zokugqoka.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma ukhukhamba uqala ukuguga ngemuva kokuthuthukiswa, ukuthi unquma kanjani ukuthi lesi sitshalo asinakho
Uma ukhukhamba idinga noma yikuphi izakhi, kuzokutshela ngalolu shintsho ekubukeni kwabo. Ngakho imbangela yamabala aluhlaza emaqabunga noma ukuphuza kwawo, ukuvimba isitshalo ekukhuleni, kungaba Ukuntuleka kwe-magnesium noma i-potassium ngokweqile. 
Isizathu sokunciphisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhukhamba kuba futhi ukungabi nensimbi. Kulesi simo, amaqabunga athola umbala obala, cishe aphenduke amhlophe.
Ikhukhamba ikhiqiza izithelo, ezifakwe njengezibani zokukhanyisa noma amapheya (amisiwe esiteshini) - ngakho uyakutshela ukuthi kuye badinga i-potassium. Kulesi simo, kunconywa ukwethula ukuchelela ngesisombululo somlotha noma izimpande kanye nokuphalaza ama-foliar ngesisombululo se-potassium phosphate (1 tsp / 1 l amanzi), isisombululo se-potassium sulphate.
Ukhukhamba, unciphise kuleso sitshalo futhi ugxiliwe esihlahleni, ngesimo se hook, isignali mayelana nokuntuleka kwe-nitrogen. Lapho indlala ye-nitrogen ezitshalweni ibuye ibe nemivimbo emincane, amaqabunga amancane, nezithelo zikhanyayo. Ukuphuza okwemigqa yamapheshana nakho kungenzeka - kamuva baphenduka phansi bese banda. Nale nkinga izosiza izimpande zondla mullein noma olunye udaba oluphilayo.
Ukwakhiwa kwekhukhamba yakho "okhalweni" (ukumbalwa kwesithelo esiphakathi) kubonisa ukugxuma okubukhali emakhazeni asebusuku nabusuku, ukuchelela ngamanzi abandayo kakhulu nokuntuleka kwe-magnesium nensimbi. Umquba omuncu uzokusiza ukuxazulula le nkinga.
Mayelana nokuntuleka kwe-calcium ubufakazi bokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emaqabunga amancane, ukuvimbela ukukhula kwezitshalo, ukuguga okusheshayo kwempande. Izithelo zalezi zitshalo ziyingcosana futhi zingenakwenzeka. 
Ukuntuleka kwe-Phosphorus kuzothinta amaqabunga, okuzoqala ukuthola umbala omnyama, bese ubuna futhi uguqule omnyama. Isiyaluyalu ezitshalweni ezibhekene nokuntuleka kwe-phosphorus kunciphisa ukukhula.
Uma izithelo ziqala ukunambitha okubabayo, azikho umswakama, futhi ukwandisa ukuchelela.
Lapho izitshalo zibukeka ziphilile, zithela izithelo kahle izithelo ezinkulu, zinganqunyelwa kokudla okukodwa noma ezimbili.
Uma kwenzeka uqaphele ukuthi ukubonakala kwamakhukhamba kushintshiwe kakhulu, futhi akunakwenzeka ukucacisa ukuthi yiyiphi into abangenayo ngalesi sigaba, kunconywa ukuba usebenzise umquba omuncu.
Ngokuvamile futhi ngokufanele ukuqhuba ukondliwa kwamakhukhamba kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yezifo zezitshalo, kwandisa isivuno ngo-10-15%, kwandisa ubukhulu bezithelo futhi kuthuthukise ukunambitheka kwabo.
