Ama-apula amnandi nama-sweet of the Semerenko ezihlukahlukene akulungele ukuvuna ngasekupheleni kukaSeptemba. Abantu abaningi bathanda ukujabulela izithelo nge-sweet apula-ukunambitheka iwayini, nakuba imvelaphi ezihlukahlukene uhlala imfihlakalo namuhla. L.P. USimirenko, umzalisi wase-Ukraine, waqala ukuchaza lokhu okuhlukahlukene futhi wabiza ngokuthi uyise.
Igama eligcwele lezinhlobonhlobo "nguRennet Plato Simirenko," kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi laguqulwa laba yizilimi eziningi abaziwayo nabathandekayo baseSenenka.
I-apula "Semerenko" iyingqayizivele futhi ngoba ayibonakali kunoma yiliphi iqoqo le-horticultural yaseYurophu. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kudonsela ukuvuthwa kokuqala, isivuno esikhulu kanye nezithelo eziphezulu.
Izici ze-apula izinhlobo "Semerenko"
Ukuze ufunde indlela yokuhlukanisa izihlahla ze-Semerenko ezivela kwabanye, kuyadingeka ukuba wazi kangcono incazelo eningiliziwe yalolu hlobo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi zonke izici ze-Semerenko apula izihlahla zingaphelele.
Izihlahla ezinjalo zide kakhulu, futhi umqhele wazo okhulayo ufana no-cauldron. Amagxolo esitokisini namagatsha anomunwe omnyama, futhi uma ushaya imisebe yelanga iba mnyama omnyama.
Izihlahla ze-Apple zinamahlumela aqondile noma aphikisiwe obukhulu obukhulu obukhona obukhona obukhulu obudingekayo ukuze kube nokushintshaniswa kwegesi emagatsheni. Amagatsha ahlanganiswe amaqabunga ahlangene anephuzu elincane elincinciwe, ayingxenye ebuthakathaka engxenyeni ephakathi futhi abe nomkhawulo ohlangene noma owodwa. Amaqabunga aluhlaza ahlanganiswe ngokukhanya okuphansi futhi ephihliwe engxenyeni engaba ngu-90 °.
Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, izihlahla zimbozwe ngezimbali ezimhlophe zesikhumba, futhi amakholomu ama-pistils ayenawo okushiwo.
Inzuzo enkulu ye-Semerenko ezihlukahlukene zezihlahla ze-apula ukuthi zikhiqiza izithelo ezinkulu ngokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nesimo esincane sokungafani. Ngokuvamile, ama-apula anezindawo ezingavamile ezingavamile. Isici esivelele sezinhlobonhlobo ukubunjwa kwama-warty formations ezingafinyelela ku-7 mm ububanzi.
Kubalulekile! Labo abahlukunyezwa ngesilonda esiswini noma isisu somzimba, kungcono ukugwema ukuthatha ama-apula amuncu ahlukahlukeneyo "Semerenko", njengoba i-ascorbic acid ekhona ekwakheni kwawo ingadala ukukhushulwa kwalesi sifo. Uma usafuna ngempela ukudla i-apula elimnandi, kungcono ukubhaka.
Abalimi bezithelo bathi isithelo "Semerenko" sinomnandi flavour ocebile kanye inyama enomzimba amhlophe. Ukubunjwa kwabo kuqukethe amavithamini ama-C, A, PP, E, H no-K, kanye ne-magnesium, i-potassium, i-calcium, i-phosphorus, i-iron ne-sodium.Ukwaziswa okuthakazelisayo kulabo abafuna ukunciphisa isisindo ukuthi okuqukethwe kwekhalori kwesinye se-Semerenko apple kufinyelela ku-85 Kcal, ephakeme kakhulu kunokuthi, isibonelo, okuqukethwe kwe-caloric ye-apple eyodwa ye-Golden variety ngu-45 Kcal.
Izinhlobo ze-Pros and cons
Labo abazoqala ukukhula kulezi ezihlukahlukene kumele badinga ukuzijwayeza ngazo zonke izinzuzo nezinkinga ze-Semerenko apula izihlahla.
Uyazi? Ama-apula we-Semerenko ahlukahlukene, ngokungafani nezihlobo zawo ezibomvu, ngokungafani neze kubangelwa ukusabela okweqile, okuvumela ukuba kudliwe yilabo ababhekene nemvelo ekhulayo ye-bodygenic, omama abazayo nabamnakekeli, kanye nabantwana abangaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala.Izinzuzo zeBanga:
- Ukubekezelelana kwemithi yesomiso kuqinisekisa isivuno esihle kakhulu uma kungabikho ukuchelela kwezimo zasehlobo ezomile;
- ukusebenza okuphezulu;
- ukungena kwangaphambili ku fruiting;
- izithelo eziphezulu;
- ukuphikisa umoya kwezihlahla;
- amathuba okugcina izithelo isikhathi eside.
Amazinga Okungabikho:
- izihlahla azibekezeleli izinga lokushisa eliphansi kuya kumagugu amabi;
- ube nokumelana okuphansi kwesibanga kanye ne-powdery isikhutha;
- enekhanda elimnyama, idinga izihlahla ezihleliwe.
Ukunqunywa kwe-apula kwesikolo "Semerenko"
Izihlahla ze-Semerenko ezihlukahlukene zikhiqiza, ngakho-ke zidinga ukusondelana kwamapulasitiki ase-apula. Iningi elifanele kulezi zinhloso yizinhlobo zama-apula "Ezibekiwe", "Memory Sergeyev", "Korey", "Kuban spur" ne "Golden Delicious". Kwezinye izimo, kungenzeka futhi ukuba izihlahla ze-Semerenko zifake impova, kodwa kuphela kuleli cala kuphela u-11% we-ovary wonke ozokwakha.
Izici zokutshala izithombo ezincane apula ezihlukahlukene "Semerenko"
Abalimi abaningi be-amateur bakholelwa ngokusobala ukuthi i-apula isitshalo esingenakuzithoba, ngakho-ke singakwenza ngaphandle kokukhathazeka. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwesimo esingenakuqhathaniswa, ukuze kube nokuhlunga okujwayelekile nokuzinzile, izinhlobo ze-apula ze "Semerenko" zidinga ukunakekelwa okufanele nokunakekelwa kwekhwalithi.
Isici esiyinhloko sezinhlobonhlobo ukuthi umgodi wokutshala izithombo ulungiselelwe kusengaphambili, okuqinisekisa ukugcwala kwenhlabathi okuhle nge-oxygen. Ukutshala i-apula uzodinga ukumba umgodi okungenani ngamasentimitha angu-90 ububanzi futhi ububanzi obuyizingalo eziyikhulu. Uma isayithi lilawulwa umhlabathi ompofu, ukujula komgodi kufanele kwandiswe ukuze kugcwaliswe inhlabathi evundile.
Izithombo ze-Apple "Semerenko" ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngakho-ke, emva kokuthenga akufanele kugcinwe ukutshala izinto eside kakhulu, kungcono ukuthi utshale amahlumela emhlabathini ngokushesha. Ezimweni ezihlukile, ungakwazi ukubamba izithombo izinsuku ezimbalwa endaweni yangaphansi noma ku-prikope. Lapho igcina i-germ ku-prikop, ifakwa emathafeni e-angle ka-45 ° futhi ifafazwe ngenhlabathi kancane.
Kungcono nini ukutshala
Ukutshala izihlahla ze-apula ezihlukahlukene ze-Semerenko zenziwa kabili ngonyaka: ekwindla ngemuva kokuwa kweqabunga kanti entwasahlobo, kanti amahlumela amahlumela angakaqali. Uma ukhetha izithombo, ukhetho kufanele lunikezwe emithini ehleliwe engenazo izifo ezithathelwanayo futhi enezimpande ezinempilo.
Lapho kungcono ukutshala
Uma uhlela ukutshala izihlahla ze-Semerenko esakhiweni sakho, kuzomele uqale ukulungiselela izibindi kusengaphambili. Imfihlo yonke ukuthi izimbiza zezitshalo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo zilungiselelwe izinyanga ezingu-6, noma izinyanga eziyi-12 ezingcono, nezindawo ezikhanyisiwe zikhethwa ekudalweni kwazo.
Kubuye kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi inhlabathi endaweni ayixoshiwe futhi ingasetshenzisiwe ngamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Uma amanzi asemhlabathini atholakala eduze kakhulu nomhlaba endaweni yokutshala, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlomise kahle ungqimba lwamanzi.
Inqubo yokuhambisa isinyathelo
Ukutshala izihlahla ze-apple ezihlukahlukene ze-Semerenko kuyisenzakalo esilula, futhi okulandelayo kuzosiza abasha ukubhekana nalo msebenzi ngendlela efanele. imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo:
- silungiselela kusengaphambili umgodi we-1 noma 1.5 wamamitha ububanzi futhi okungenani amasentimitha angu-90 ejulile;
- sihlela intaba yamanzi emkhatsini wegodini, ehlanganisa izitini eziqhekekile noma i-rubble;
- cwilisa amahora angu-24 izimpande zesithombo emanzini;
- Masinyane ngaphambi kokuba siphume, siwafaka kumuntu okhuluma ngodaka, okuzokwenza ngcono ukuxhumana kwabo nomhlabathi;
- sisungula uhlelo lwempande lokusika entabeni bese silifafaza ngomhlaba;
- endaweni ye-stalk, inhlabathi kumele ihlanganiswe futhi isiyingiyingi esakhiwe kuso, esingavumeli amanzi ukuba achithe ngesikhathi sokunisela;
- emva kokutshala lesi sitshalo siphuziswa kahle, okuzosiza ekutholeni okungcono futhi okusheshayo kwezithombo;
- Kuyadingeka ukuba uhlanganise umjikelezo we-trunk ne-peat, ezokwenza ukunciphisa amandla okushisa komswakama.
Izici ukunakekela izinhlobo apula "Semerenko"
Abalimi abanolwazi bazi ukuthi bangakwazi ukufeza isivuno esihle kuphela ngokunakekelwa komuthi okuvamile nokufanele.
Emva kokutshala izithombo, ukunakekelwa komuthi kufanele kube nokunye Imisebenzi elandelayo:
- okuphakelayo okujwayelekile;
- ukuchelela okuhlelekile;
- ukwakheka komqhele kanye nomqhele;
- ukulungiselela ubusika.
Uyazi? Ngenxa yokuthi ama-apula ase-Semerenko awaqukethe i-anthocyanins, odokotela bancoma ukuthi ukudla kwabo kudliwe yibo ababhekene nokukhubazeka komzimba.Ngokuvamile, ukunakekelwa kwezihlahla ze-Semerenko akufani neze nokunakekelwa kwazo zonke ezinye izitshalo ze-apula.
Indlela yokuqhuba ukuchelela
Lapho ukuphuza i-Semerenko apula izihlahla, umthetho owodwa olula uyabonakala: Umuthi udala kangakanani, zingaki amabhakede amanzi okufanele athole. Kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuphuza ukuthululela amanzi hhayi ngaphansi kwesiqu, kodwa eceleni komjikelezo womqhele.
Imithi yalesi sifundo ingahle ibuye ichithe izikhathi ezintathu:
- okokuqala izihlahla ze-apula ziphuziswa ekuqaleni kwehlobo;
- owesibili - ngoJuni noma ngoJulayi, ngesikhathi sokugcwaliswa kwesithelo;
- owesithathu - ngaphambi kwama frosts okuqala.
Ukudla nini futhi kanjani
Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, izitshalo ze-Semerenko azidingi ukondla okwengeziwe. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kuwukuhlakanipha ukuthumela amabutho ekuqedeni i-weeding, i-podpushivanie nokuchelela ama-cuttings, okuzosiza ekwakheni izimpande ezisheshayo.
Kodwa izitshalo ezifinyelele eminyakeni emibili noma emithathu zidinga ukondliwa.
Ngentwasahlobo, imifino equkethe i-nitrojeni isetshenziselwa ukukhulisa ukukhula kwezihlahla, futhi ama-apula phakathi nalesi sikhathi ayithandeka kakhulu, njengoba azofaka isandla ekwandeni okukhulayo kobumnyama obuhlaza kanye nezimbali eziningi.
Kubalulekile! Iminyaka emithathu yokuqala emva kokutshala umanyolo wokusika uqhutshwa kumamitha ayisentimitha angama-15, okunye okudliwayo kwesikhashana kwenziwa kwamasentimitha angaba ngu-45 ubude obuseduze okungenani amamitha ayi-1.5 ukusuka esihlahleni.Esikhathini sekwindla, kutuswa ukuba uthabe ama-apula nge-potashi kanye nomanyolo ophilayo, njengoba uzonikeza izihlahla amandla okubusika. Noma yikuphi umanyolo okhetha ukondla izihlahla zakho ze-apula, kubalulekile ukulandela umthamo lapho wenza, ngaleyo ndlela ugweme ukushisa kwamakhemikhali esitshalweni.
Ukukhipha izihlahla nini futhi kanjani
Ukudubula i-apula "Semerenko" - lokhu kuyindlela yokubamba okubalulekile, okuyisihluthulelo sokusebenza ngokukhululekile kwezihlahla.
Kubalulekile! Lapho ukusika izihlahla ze-Apple Semerenko, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele futhi ugweme ukususa amagatsha anezinhlobo zezithelo, ngoba lokhu kunganciphisa kakhulu isivuno somuthi.
Ukusika izihlahla kukhuthaza ukuvuthwa ngokushesha kwezithelo, kunciphise amathuba okubulala izinambuzane futhi kukhuthaze ukuvuselelwa kwezihlahla.Ngesikhathi sokusika, zonke izifo, ezomile, nezomqhele ezenza ukwanda ngokweqile komqhele zisuswe esihlahleni, ngenxa yokuthi imisebe yelanga ingakwazi ukungena ngisho nezithelo ezisemagatsheni aphansi.
Ungayigodli ukusika izihlahla ze-apple ezihlukahlukene ze-Semerenko, ngoba lokhu ukuxhaphaza akugcini nje ukwandisa ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya komqhele, kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa izici zayo ze-aeration, okwenza kube lula ukunciphisa amathuba okutheleleka komuthi ngezifo ezifungayo. 
Imigomo yokuvuthwa nokugcinwa kokuvuna kwezihlahla ze-apula ezihlukahlukene "Semerenko"
Ngayo yonke imithetho yokulima, isivuno sezinhlobo zama-apula "Semerenko" singafinyelela kumazinga okurekhoda. Ukuvuna kusuka ema-apula kwenziwa ngasekupheleni kukaSeptemba noma ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba, emva kwalokho abalimi abathile be-novice bazibuza umbuzo othi: "Udinga kanjani ukugcina ama-apula ase-Semerenko ukuze ukwazi ukujabulela izithelo zawo ezinomsoco isikhathi eside?".
Uyazi? Ama-apula asanda kuthathwa we-Semerenko ahlukahlukene ane inyama enhle-enomsoco, enobumba obuhlaza, okwakuthi lapho ugcina isitoreji, uthola umbala omnandi okhanda ukhilimu futhi uba mnandi.Ukuze ulondoloze ubuqotho bezithelo nokudla kwawo okuphakeme, kufanele ulandele imithetho eyisisekelo yokugcina. Udinga ukugcina ama-apula engaphansi, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uthumele izithelo lapho, i-apula ngayinye ifakwe ephepheni bese efakwa emabhokisini amakhadibhodi noma emabhokisini enkuni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-apula angavikelwa esihlabathini esomile, kanti abanye abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bawafaka ezinkuni zezinkuni. Kodwa-ke, kungcono ukuthi ungasebenzisi ama-shavings emithini ye-coniferous, njengoba iphunga layo lingashintsha kakhulu ukunambitheka kwesithelo. Ama-apula alezi zinhlobonhlobo angagcinwa izinyanga ezingu-8. 
Ukulungiselela izinhlobo ze-apula "Semerenko" ebusika
Ukuvikela izihlahla kusuka ekuhlaselweni kwe-hare ne-rodent, ngesikhathi sokulungiselela ubusika, i-trunk yabo igwetshiwe nge-lime futhi ihlanganiswe nezinaliti noma ukuxaka. Ukuvikela izimpande zenzeke ukuxubana kwendawo yesiqu nge peat, umquba noma humus. Izenzakalo ezinjalo zisiza Apple Semerenko izinhlobo zisinda ngisho frosts ezinzima kakhulu.
Ukuphikiswa kuka-Semerenko nge-apple ezihlukahlukene ezifweni nasezinambuzane
Apple Imbewu "Semerenko" ihlushwa ukuhlasela ama-hazel, ama-weevils, amaqabunga amaqabunga nezithelo zezithelo. I-Hawthorn udla amahlamvu, amaqabunga nezimbali ze-apula. Apple weevils - ukuthanda ukudla amahlumela esitshalo.
Izithelo zezibungu niphuza ama-juice e-apula, futhi amacimbi ngakho voracious ukuthi uma ungabanikeli ukumelana nabo, bangabhubhisa kalula isitshalo sonke.
Izinyathelo ezihlose ukuvikela ama-apple ezihlukahlukene ze-Semerenko ezivela ezinambuzane zinconywa ukuthi ziqale ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuqala kokugeleza kwe-sap.
I-prophylaxis, Izihlahla zihlanjululwa ngesisombululo se-urea, nakuba ukupuniza ama-apula nama-biological agents, njenge-Healthy Garden, i-Agrovertin noma i-Zircon, isebenza ngokulinganayo. Futhi, ungayinaki izindlela zokususa izinambuzane, ezihlanganisa ukuqoqwa kwezinambuzane nokukhipha amaqabunga ezimele noma izimbali.
Izihlahla ze-Apple, njengazo zonke ezinye izihlahla, ziyakwazi ukutheleleka ngezifo ezihlukahlukene, futhi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukufa kwesitshalo, kubalulekile ukusabela ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze kube nezimpawu zokuqala zesifo.
Uma i-powdery isikhutha ivela emaqabunga nasefihlekile, lokhu kubonisa ukutheleleka kwesitshalo. i-powdery isikhutha. Ukuvimbela ukusabalala kokutheleleka kufanele kuhlolwe ngokucophelela isihlahla bese kususa wonke amahlumela aphethwe yizifo, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, qiniseka ukuthi ukwelapha isitshalo nge-decoction ye-sulfur ne-lime.
Uma amabala obomvu evela emaqabungeni omuthi, kungacatshangwa ukuthi usulelekile. isikhumba.
Kulesi simo, kunconywa ukususa wonke amaqabunga awonakele, futhi uphathe indawo yomhlabathi ngesisombululo se-10% se-ammonium nitrate.
Emahlumela kanye namaqabunga aqala ukuqhakaza komnyama? Futhi, ungabambezeli ukwelashwa kwesitshalo, ngoba umfutho omnyama ikhula ngokushesha futhi uma umuthi ungavikelwe ngesikhathi, ukutheleleka kungakubulala ngokushesha. Ukuvimbela ukusakazeka kwe-fungus, kubalulekile ukususa wonke amahlumela kanye namaqabunga abonakalisiwe, futhi umuthi uqobo kufanele uphonswe nge-Bordeaux ingxube noma isisombululo nesixazululo sesethusi.
Ukutshala ngokuzimela kwe-Semerenko apula izihlahla akuthathi isikhathi esiningi nokuzikhandla kuwe, kodwa ngokuphindaphindiwe, uzothola ithuba lokudla izithelo ezinomsoco, ezihlwabusayo nezokuphepha.
