I-spirochetosis yezilwane yisifo esiyingozi esibangelwa ama-spirochetes. I-carrier yayo enkulu yimikhaza. Zonke izinhlobo zezinkukhu zitholakala kulesi sifo.
I-spirochetosis yezilwane yisifo esithathelwanayo. Amathikithi aphethe ukutheleleka ahlala emithini, amatshe ngisho nasehlane. I-Spirochetosis ibonakala nge-paresis yemilenze nomkhuhlane.
Izinkukhu, amadada, ama-turkeys, izinyoni ze-Guinea kanye ne-goose ziyakwazi ukubhekana ne-causative agent yesifo. Izinyoni zasendle nazo zivame ukutheleleka: amahwababa, amajuba asendle, ondlunkulu, ama-starlings kanye nama-canary. Intsha iyabhekana kakhulu ne-spirochetosis.
Kuyini i-spirochetosis ezinyoni?
I-Spirochetosis yatholwa ngo-1903 eNingizimu Afrika.
Namuhla, lesi sifo sande emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi emazweni afudumele.
Ngakho-ke, lesi sifo sabika eMelika, e-Afrika, eYurophu, naseNyakatho Caucasus.
Ngezinye izikhathi i-spirochetosis ithola uhlamvu lwe-epizootic echithayo. Kulesi simo, izinga lokufa lifinyelela ku-90%, okubangela ukulimala kwezomnotho ezinkukhuleni zezinkukhu.
Ama-Pathogens
I-agent ye-causative yesenzo sesifo bird spirocheteokuyinto eyenza ngokugcwele igazi lezinyoni ezithathelwanayo.
I-Spirochete ingcono kakhulu futhi ilula. Besebenzisa i-coorkscrew principle. Igazi lezinkukhu ezigulayo, amadada namahansi zivame ukuthelela izimpungushe, amajuba nezinye izinyoni zasendle.
Bavame ukuba yizinkampani zokuhlasela. Ama-spirochetes isikhathi eside agcinwa ezidumbu zezinyoni nemibungu, ebuye ibe umthombo wokutheleleka.
I-Argasi i-pincers iyithwala ye-spirochetosis.. Bahlala endaweni lapho izinyoni zigcinwa khona. Uma umkhaza ugcwala igazi elinesifo, ungathinta abantu abakhubazekile isikhathi eside. Kuyaziwa ukuthi zonke izigaba zemikhaza zingabangela i-spirochetosis.
Ukukhiqizwa kwezinhlobo ze-pathogenic kwenzeka kuphela emazingeni okushisa ngaphezu kuka-15 ° C. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukuqubuka kwalesi sifo kwenzeka ngokukhethekile phakathi kwamagagasi okushisa.
Izifundo nezimpawu
Uma isikhala sokutshala isikhathi se-spirochetosis singama-4-7 izinsuku.
Izibonakaliso zokuqala zesifo zibhekwa:
- ukwanda kokushisa komzimba ku-42 C;
- isifo sohudo;
- ukulahlekelwa kwesifiso;
- ukuxhuma;
- ukulala;
- ukoma okukhulu;
- ukunciphisa noma ukuphela kokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda;
- ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esikhulu;
- i-anemia ye-membrane emangcwabeni.
Ama-Spirochetes angena egazini ngemuva kokulunywa ngumkhaza. Ngenxa yalokho, ukukhiqizwa okusebenzayo kwama-parasite kwenzeka. Ngenxa yalokhu, uqala ukubhujiswa kwamangqamuzana egazi abomvu nokwanda kwenani lama-leukocyte.
Konke lokhu kungagcina kuholela ekuphazamiseni kwemizwa nokufa. Ngakho-ke, ukufa kuvela ezinsukwini ezingu-4-7 emva kokuqala kwezimpawu eziyinhloko.
Kwezinye izimo, lesi sifo sithatha isikhathi eside. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ukukhubazeka kuphawulwe. Ukufa kwenzeka emavikini amabili. Iningi livame ukufa izinkukhu.
Ngezinye izikhathi isimo sezinyoni sithuthukisa okwesikhashana. Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi zonke izimpawu zokubuya kwe-spirochetosis, futhi inyoni ifa ngenxa yobuthakathaka noma ukukhubazeka.
Ngezinyoni eziwile, amacici kanye nekhefu bathola i-tint ephuzi elibomvu noma elibomvu. Ngokwe-autopsy, ukunyuka okukhulu kwesibindi, ama-nodules we-necrotic ku-spleen kanye nokushaya kwamathumbu.
Njengomthetho, ukuqhuma kwe-spirochetosis kwenzeka esikhathini sokusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya ku-Okthoba. Izinyoni eziye zatholwa zihlala zivikelekile kumuntu owenza i-causative agent isikhathi eside.
Ukuhlonza
Ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile kufanele kucatshangelwe izimpawu zomtholampilo kanye nedatha ye-epizootological.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isifundo segazi, isibindi noma sosar bone smear siyaqhubeka.
Ekucwaningeni kwegazi ngokuvamile kuvame ukusetshenziswa indlela ye-Burri. Ukwenza lokhu, thatha ihlombe legazi kusuka enkanjeni, ulibeke engilazi. Bese ufaka ihlumela elifanayo lesidumbu.
Emva kokuxuba nokumisa, i-smear ihlolwe ngokucophelela ngaphansi kwe-microscope. I-spirochetes emhlophe ibonakala ngokucacile esizinda sangemuva, ngakho le ndlela ithandwa kakhulu.
Ukukhipha ukuthi kungenzeka ezinye izifo, ucwaningo lwe-bacteriological luyenziwa. Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-spirochetosis isifo sofuba, i-toxoplasmosis, i-pasteurellosis, i-paratyphoid fever nezifo ze-helminth ziyadingeka. Izifo kufanele zihlukaniswe nesifo nesipilisi.
I-Ga Dong Tao iyilwane lokulwa kwezinkukhu. Ukubukeka kuphela kukhuluma ngokwayo ...Zonke izinto ezidingekayo zokuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi phansi ongabona lapha: //selo.guru/stroitelstvo/gidroizolyatsiy/podval-iznutri.html.
Nge-necropsy yezinyoni ezithintekile nge-spirochetosis, kukhona ukwanda kwesitebele nesibindi. Kukhona izindawo ezimbalwa ezifile kulezi zitho.
Futhi, kukhona ukungcola kwempaphe nge-droppings eduze ne-cloaca nokukhathala okukhulu. Ezingxenyeni ezingaphansi, kukhona ukunqwabelana kwegazi, futhi ku-epicardium kanye nase-mucosa emathumbu kunamaphuzu amaningi okuphazamiseka.
Ukwelapha
I-Spirochetosis iphathwa ngokuphumelelayo ngokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-arsenic.
Isibonelo, kungenzeka i-atoxyl. Ku-1 kg wezinyosi zezinyoni, u-0.1 g wekhambi le-aqueous ukwanele. I-Novarsenol iphinda isetshenziswe kaningi, okunikezwa ngesilinganiso esingu-0.03 g ngalinye ngo-1 kg.
Lezi zidakamizwa zenziwa kuphela nge-intramuscularly. Kakade ngosuku olulandelayo umphumela uyabonakala. Ama-spirochetes ayanyamalala kancane kancane egazini, futhi inyoni izwa kangcono kakhulu. Lezi zidakamizwa ezingenhla zingaphulukisa ngisho nezinhlobo ezimbi zesifo.
Abanikazi bezinye izinkukhu zezinkukhu bakhetha ukubhubhisa abantu abanegciwane. Kulokhu, ukuhlatshwa kungenziwa kuphela kulezo zindawo lapho kungekho khona izinyoni eziphilile.
Ngezinguquko ezinkulu ze-pathological kanye nokukhathala okukhulu kumele ulahle yonke isidumbu. Uma kungekho ushintsho olutholakala emisipha, isidumbu singakhishwa.
Kulesi simo, izitho zangaphakathi kuphela ziphinde zenziwe kabusha. Ngesikhathi sokugula, amaqanda enkukhu asetshenziselwa ukudla kuphela, ngoba ayifanelekile ukukhungathwa.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela nokulawula
Nge-spirochetosis, zonke izinyathelo zokuvimbela kufanele ziqondiswe ukubhujiswa kwemikhaza endaweni lapho izinyoni zigcinwa khona.
Izithwala zivame ukubuthelwa ezigumbini, ngakho-ke zidinga ukugcoba ngokucophelela nge-parafini, isixazululo se-creolin, noma esinye isifo sokubulala amagciwane.
Uma kuhlelwe ukudlulisela izinyoni ekamelweni lapho i-spirochetosis isitholile khona, kuyadingeka ukuba kwenziwe izinyathelo zokubhubhisa imikhaza. Uma ukuthutha kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi, kanye namabhokisi, ungathwali ama-parasites.
Uma uthola izidumbu noma izinyoni ezigulayo, kufanele uqaphele ukuba khona kwamakhiza. Kunoma yikuphi, kufanelekile ukuthumela isidumbu esibhedlela ukuze uthole ucwaningo olunzulu. Indlela enjalo yokuqapha iyosiza ukugwema ukusakazeka kwe-spirochetosis.
