Isiqu iyinyoni evela ku-Kuropatkov encane. Ubude benyoni endala bungaba ngu-20 cm, futhi isisindo salo ngu-150 g. Abesilisa nabesilisa bahluke ngombala. Owesilisa unamahlathi amnyama obomvu nomoya obomvu. Insikazi inama-chinki ochotshozayo futhi amabala amnyama ezinhlangothini nangaphansi kwengxenye yomzimba. Izikhukhula ezizalisayo ekhaya noma ezweni lihlukile kunezinkukhu, okusho amaqanda nezinkukhu zezinkukhu. Uma unquma ukuzala inombolo encane yezigwaca, khona-ke ngisho nefulethini lakho lizokwenza. Ukugcina izigwaca akunzima kunanoma iyiphi enye inyoni efuywayo.
Uyazi? Abasebenzi bondla inyama yezigwaca ngesikhathi kwakhiwa amapiramidi.
Kungani kwakhiwe izigwaca
Inentshisekelo ekuzaleni izigwaza zitholakala eChina lasendulo. AmaShayina akholelwa ukuthi lokhu kungumthombo wokudla kanye nezithako eziwusizo zokuphilisa izifo. Izindwangu zokuzala zathandwa kakhulu eJapane. Kwakungososayensi baseJapan abafakazele ukuthi izigwaca ziwusizo njengomkhiqizo wokudla. Njengamanje, izigwaza zakhiwa zombili kokusetshenziswa kwazo kanye nebhizinisi. Amaqanda nezidumbu manje ziyabiza, futhi umanyolo owenziwe engadini uwenziwe ngodayi.
Uma unesikhathi esanele sokunakekela izigwaca, kuzomele utshale imali encane kubo, kodwa umphumela uzoba nenzuzo enkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuqashelwe izinga eliphezulu lokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yezigwaca. Izigwaca zamaqanda ekhaya ziqala cishe izinyanga eziyi-1.5. Ngonyaka kusuka kwezigwaca oyedwa ungathola amaqanda angama-330.
Uyazi? Izigwaca zitholile igama layo ngenxa yobubala balo kanye nekhono lokubamba phansi engozini.
Igumbi nendawo yokugwaza
Igumbi elifanele lama-quil kufanele lifudumele. Kuye ngenani lezinyoni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuphuza umoya noma ukuphuza umoya kufanele kufakwe. Kumele uhloniphe izinga lokushisa elikhulu. Ukushisa akufanele kube ngaphezulu kuka-25 ° C noma ngaphansi kwe-12 ° C, njengoba inyoni izoyeka ukusebenza kahle. Emoyeni ashisayo, izigwaca zingalahlekelwa izimpaphe, futhi ezindaweni eziphansi eziphansi zingafa.
Uma usungusha ukuzalanisa izigwaca, sincoma ukuthi uthenge ikheji elikhethekile ukuze uzigcine. Uma usuvele unesipiliyoni esinamava, ungazama ukwenza ikamelo ngezandla zakho.
Izikhombe kufanele zifakwe kahle kumaseli, ngakho-ke sikunikeza uhlu lwezidingo zegumbi:
- Ukuphakama kwesikhala akufanele kube ngaphezu kuka-20 cm. Izikhumba zivame ukuqhuma futhi ngezinye izikhathi zingalimala.
- I-cage kufanele ibe netayitela ekhethekile yokwamukela amaqanda, futhi kufanele ibe nomthamo okhethekile wokushisa. Lokhu kuzonciphisa ingozi yezifo nokungcola kwamanzi. I-angle yokugoba yokuqoqa amaqanda kumele ibe ngu-10 °.
- Izakhi eziyinhloko zesikhumba kufanele zenziwe ngezigqoko ezihlanganisiwe nezensimbi.
- Indawo yokugibela izinyoni kufanele ibe cishe efanayo - izinyoni ezingu-10 nge-0.2 sq / m.
- Ubukhulu be-cage kufanele kube ngu-100 cm ngo-40 cm. Ngama-quails, okuya khona inyama, ubukhulu bube ngu-5 cm ubukhulu.
- Ukuphakama kwodonga lwangemuva kufanele kube ngu-20 cm, kanti ngaphambili kufanele kube ngu-25 cm. Udonga olungaphambili luyisango. Kungcono ukulungisa ucingo.
Le miyalo yokwakha isikhala sezinhlayiya ezincane izokusiza ukudala i-incubator yakho. Ngesikhathi i-cell ingahlanganiswa ngamahora angu-2-3. Izinto eziyinhloko zesilwane se-quil isisindo sesimbi esakhiwe. I-blank for the cage inezilinganiso ezinjalo - 105 x 70 cm.
Izindonga ezimbili ezisemaceleni (amabhandeti) enesayizi ka-30 x 30 kufanele zikhishwe kule gridi. Kufanele ziboshwe ngalendlela: ukuphakama kwesidonga sangaphambili kumele kube ngu-16 cm, kanti ngemuva kufanele kube ngu-14 cm. Ububanzi bezindonga zombili kufanele kube ngu-30 cm. Izindonga zokugcina zendawo yokugoma zingagcinwa ngezingubo zeplastiki. Ukuphela komqoqo weqanda akufanele kube ngaphezulu kuka-3 cm. Isibopho esifanele kufanele sibekwe phansi kwesiteji. Emdongeni ohlangothini kufanele usike umnyango bese uwunamathisela ocingweni.
Izindonga eziseceleni zamangqamuzana ezigwaca zingasebenza njengombili ukuphuma kanye nendawo edingekayo ye-container yokuqoqa. Kungenziwa nge-plywood noma ama-slats enkuni. Ngemuva kokudala umqoqo wecala, kufanele uphathwe nge-antiseptic, njengoba isikhathi esingaphezulu singakhipha iphunga elimnandi, ngisho noma lingenalutho.
Uyazi? I-quail egg ngeke neze iphazamise, njengoba iqukethe i-lysozyme, i-amino acid ewusizo engavumeli i-microflora ukuba ihlakulele.
Ukukhanyisa
Ukuze ukhule izigwaca ekhaya udinga ukunamathela nokukhanyisa kahle. Ukukhanyisa akudingi izindleko eziphezulu. Uma unesisindo esingu-4 x 4, isibani esivamile esingu-40 watt siyokwanela. Ungasebenzisa futhi izibani zokugcina amandla okusindisa amandla. Ngezigwaca, udinga ukudala kokubili imini nobusuku. Ezinye izigwaca azivali ukukhanya nhlobo, ucabanga ukuthi izinyoni zizohamba kangcono. Esigabeni sokuqala, izigwaca zingathwala amaqanda amaningi, kodwa inyoni izokhathala ngokushesha. Kanti akunakwenzeka ukwenza ubumnyama isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora amabili. Ngenxa yesimiso se-metabolism esheshayo, izigwaca zilamba. Futhi uma udala ubusuku amahora angu-4 ngokulandelana, le nyoni izolamba kakhulu futhi ingadla okungaphezu kokudla okuvamile. Lokhu kungaholela ekuvinjweni kwe-goiter.
Sinikeza isimiso sokukhanyisa esilandelayo sama-quails:
- Kusukela ku-2 kuya ku-4 ekuseni kumele kube lula.
- Kusukela ku-4 kuya ku-6 kungcono ukuvala isibani.
- Kusukela ku-6 kuya ku-24 izibani kufanele zivuliwe.
- Kusukela ku-24 kuya ku-2 ebusuku kufanele kube mnyama.
Kubalulekile! Ubusuku bama-quail kumele luhlale isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angu-4. Kungcono ukuphula lesi sikhathi amahora angu-2.
Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda, i-mode yokukhanyisa elandelayo iyadingeka: ukukhanya kuvuleka kusuka emahoreni angu-6 kuya kwangu-23. Lena imodi ephelele yokuthola amaqanda akho okuqhaqhaza. Uma ukhula izigwaca zokuncelisa, kudingeka ulandele enye imodi: umbuso wokukhanya wabesilisa kufanele ube ngamahora angu-10, futhi abesifazane - amahora angu-12. Uma ugcina izigwaca zombili zobulili - amahora angu-11.
Uyazi? Isithombe sesilwane esincane eGibhithe lasendulo sasisebenza njenge-hieroglyph futhi sasho ukuthi imisindo "ku" naku "u".
I-Quail Egg Incubation
Imiyalo yangaphambilini yokudala amakheji ahloselwe ukukhupha izinyoni ezindala; izigwaca ezincane, udinga ukuthenga i-incubator. Ama-incubator afika ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zemiklamo, kodwa kufanele abe ne-thermostat futhi abekwe eceleni. Udinga futhi i-flip yamaqanda othomathikhi, kodwa ungakwenza ngokwakho.
Sincoma ukuthi sikhule inombolo encane yezigwaca, ngoba kulula ukusebenza nabo. Ungasebenzisa ama-incubators emakhaya, oklanyelwe amaqanda angu-280. Ungalindeli iqiniso lokuthi uma ubeka amaqanda ayi-100 ku-incubator, khona-ke inani lezinkukhu lizovela. Ukuthuthukiswa kombungu kungase kungabi kuhle ngendlela efanele, okungukuthi, amaphesenti angaba ngu-75 kuphela wezinkukhu aphule enempilo.
Ngaphambi kokubeka amaqanda ku-incubator, udinga ukuyilungiselela. Amanzi kufanele athululelwe emgodini. Leli tray lingaphansi kwamaqanda. Ngaphezulu kwe-tank yamanzi igridi. Amaqanda okugwaza abekwa kuwo.
Siyaqhubeka ekukhethweni kwamaqanda okufakelwa ukufakwa ngaphakathi:
- Ubuningi bezinyoni ezizalisayo kufanele kube ngu-15 g.
- Ubuningi bezinkukhu eziya enyama - 13 g.
- Inkomba yefomu - 70%.
- Ukungabikho kweziphambeko zegobolondo, okusho ukungahambi kahle noma ukukhula.
- Ubuso kumele bube yi-matte.
Amaqanda adinga futhi ukuskena nge-ovoscope. Ngakho unganquma uma kukhona igazi kumaqanda. Futhi, i-yolk neprotheni akufanele ixutshwe. Nge-ovoskop kunokwenzeka ukunquma indawo engafanele noma usayizi we-airbag.
Isinyathelo sokuqala Ukufakelwa ukushisa kubamba izinsuku ezimbili kuphela. Lesi yisikhathi sokuzola. Ukushisa okungcono kulesi sigaba kungu-37.7 ° C. Umswakama kufanele ube ngu-70%. Amaqanda akudingeki abe umoya futhi avulwe.
Isigaba sesibili okuhlala izinsuku ezingu-13, kubizwa ngokuthi isikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo. Ukushisa nomswakama kufanele kufane nesigaba sokuqala. Ngosuku lwesithathu lokutshala, ungaqala ukuvula amaqanda. Ukuguqulwa kusuka ezinyangeni ezingu-3 kuya kwezingu-15 kuyadingeka ukuze ugweme umbungu kusuka ekumiseni ukuya kugobolondo. Udinga ukuvula amaqanda izikhathi ezingu-6 ngosuku, uma ungenalo ukukhishwa okuzenzakalelayo ku-incubator.
Isigaba sesithathu ukufakelwa ukushiswa kubizwa ngokuthi i-excretory. Ukushisa kufanele kube cishe ngo-37.5 ° C, kanti umswakama kufanele ukhuphuke ube ngu-90%. Izinsuku ezimbili ngaphambi kokuqeda amaqanda akudingeki ukuba ziphenduke futhi zisakaze ngokukhululekile. Futhi ezinsukwini zamuva ungasiphambanisa amaqanda avela ku-spray. Ngemuva kwezinkukhu zizalwe, zidinga ukufakwa endaweni engenazifo eziphuthumayo nezifudumele. Lokhu kuzobasiza ukuba basule ngokushesha futhi bafudumele.
Ukugcina nokondla abasha
Izigwaca ezizalisayo ekhaya zihlanganisa nokunakekelwa kahle nokudla kwezinkukhu ezincane. Izinsuku zokuqala zabahlinzeki nabaphuzi kufanele zibe ngaphakathi kwendlu. Ngemva kwesonto, zifakwa ngaphandle kweseli. I-Mesh floor idinga ukumboza ngephepha futhi nsuku zonke ukushintsha ishidi eliphezulu.
Ukushisa kufanele kube njalo ku-37 ° C, ngoba izigwaca zizwela emakhazeni ngalesi sikhathi. Ngeviki lesibili izinga lokushisa kufanele libe yi-32 ° C, futhi kulesithathu - 26 ° C. Ngemva kwalokho, izinga lokushisa kufanele libe yi-24 ° C. Futhi kudingeka uhambisane nemodi yokukhanya. Amaviki amabili okuqala kufanele ahlinzekele ukuthunyelwa kwezigwaca njalo. Lapho izigwaca zikhula zifike emasontweni ayisithupha ubudala, ukusabalalisa kufanele kunciphise amahora angu-17.
Ukuze izigwaca zansuku zonke udinga ukunamathela esimisweni esithile sokudla nesondlo. Sincoma ukuthatha ukudla okhethekile kwezigwaca ezincane. Kumele kube okusha futhi kufanelekile ezinganeni kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala. Bonke abakhiqizi bakondla isilwane esibizwa ngokuthi "Qala." Yisebenzise ama-broilers, njenge-feed ehlukile yama-quadi awakhiqizi.
Leli phepha likhulu kakhulu ezinkukhu ezincane, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba ugayize futhi ubondle izinsuku ezine zokuqala. Ngeviki lokuqala udinga ukugcwalisa inkukhu ngayinye nge-4 g yokudla ngosuku. Ungayifaka kwi-napkin noma nge-rag. Ngosuku lwesibili nolwesithathu ungasebenzisa abahlinzeki. Ngemva kwesikhashana, ungafaka okujwayelekile.
Zingahle zihlanganiswe ngendwangu enhle ukuze izigwaca zingathatha ngokuphepha futhi zingahambi. Kusukela emahoreni wokuqala amaphuphu okuphila adinga amanzi. Izitsha zokuphuza akufanele zisetshenziswe okokuqala, kungcono ukubeka izimbiza ezivamile ngamathangi okugcoba. Ungathatha futhi iziphuzo ezikhethekile ngezigwaca. Evikini lesibili, abahlinzeki bangasetshenziswa esikhundleni sendawo. Izinhlangothi zabo zigobile ngaphakathi. Yondla kaningi ngisho nasebusuku. Kungcono ukugcwalisa abanikazi bokudla ku-2/3 kokujula.
I-ration yansuku zonke yezigwaca ezincane kufanele ihlanganise cishe izingxenye ezilandelayo:
- Ummbila Ngesilwane esisodwa kufanele siwe cishe amagremu angu-40 ngosuku.
- Isitshalo - 8.6 g
- I-wheat bran - 5 g.
- Ukudla kwe-sunflower - 10 g.
- Isidlo sezinhlanzi - 35 g.
- Yondla imvubelo - 3 g.
- Ukudla kwesidlo nenyama - 5 g
- Isitshalo se-Grass - 1 g.
- UMel - unyaka ongu-1
- I-Premix - 1 g (P-5-1).
- Usawoti - 0.4 g
- Ukuhlanekela okumile - 2 g.
Ngenxa yalokho, isilwane esisodwa sidinga ukunikezwa i-100 g yesithako ngasinye kulolu hlu nsuku zonke. Konke lokhu kungaxubene nokudla. Ngenye inkukhu ngesonto lokuqala udinga ukwabela mayelana no 4 g kokudla. Ngenkathi yenyanga eyodwa, ukusetshenziselwa kokudla kwansuku zonke kwanda ku-16 g.
Ukunakekela izikhotho
Ukufunda umbuzo wendlela yokuzala izigwaca ekhaya, ungakhohlwa ngezici zokunakekela le nyoni. Izigwaca azithobekile ukukhathalela, kepha, ukuze ukukhiqiza kunganciphisi, kubalulekile ukugcina izinga lokushisa elifanele nezimo zokukhanya, kanye nokudla okufanele. Ukukhula, ukuthuthukiswa, ukukhiqiza, impilo nokukhiqizwa kwezigwaca kuxhomeke kwimodi yokukhanya. Usuku lwabo kufanele luhlale kuze kube amahora angu-20. Ukukhanyisa amahora angu-24 kukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kweqanda, kepha izigwaca zivame ukulamba, futhi isikhathi sokukhiqiza sifushane. Emini yamahora, kuze kube yehora lesi-17, ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda kuncishiswe ngenxa yokuntuleka kokudla.
Kubalulekile! Awukwazi ukusebenzisa ukukhanyisa okukhanyayo ekhaya, njengoba izinyoni zingadonsa ngendlala.
Ukushisa okukhulu kwama-quail kungu-22 ° C. Ebusika, izinga lokushisa akufanele liwele ngezansi + 10 ° C. Umswakama kufanele ugcinwe ku-70%. Ukuvimbela ukutheleleka ngezifo ezihlukahlukene, iseli kumele lihlanzwe njalo. Ikakhulukazi zidinga nsuku zonke ukuhlanza amalitha. Kanye njalo emva kwezinyanga ezintathu kudingekile ukuthi kuqhutshwe ukucwiliswa kwe-disinfection kanye nokuhlanzwa ngokujwayelekile kwendawo.
Iziqu kumele zidluliselwe kwenye indawo futhi ugeze isiteji ngesisombululo esishisayo se-powder yokugeza. Ukungcola kuhlanzwa kahle ngebhashi. Khona-ke iseli lihlanza futhi limile. Ukuze ulondoloze izigwaca kusuka ectoparasites, zidinga ukugezwa kanye ngesonto emfuleni omkhulu wemfula.
Kubalulekile! Ukubamba umcimbi onjalo kuyadingeka ukuze izigwaca zingaphansi kwamasonto amathathu ubudala.
Ukudla izigwaca ezindala
Iziqu emva kokuzalana nokukhulisa kudingeka zidliwe kahle. Esikhathini sokudla kokubeka izinkukhu kufanele kube nezakhi ezifana namaprotheni, amafutha, ama-carbohydrates, amavithamini kanye nezici zokulandelela. Futhi ku-feed kufanele kube khona amaprotheni, cishe angu-26%. Uma amaqanda ama-eggshell aphethwe amaqanda kufanele ahlanganiswe kokuphakelayo. Ngosuku nosuku olulodwa luyadingeka kuze kube ngu-30 g wokudla.
Kubalulekile! Uma kungekho okusanhlamvu okwanele kokudla, izigwaca ziyeke ngokuphelele.
Ungenza futhi ukudla kwezigwaca ngezandla zakho.
Kufanele iqukathe izingxenye ezilandelayo:
- Imifino (beet, izaqathe, iklabishi namazambane).
- Amaminerali (isikhali, igobolondo, imvubelo).
- Imikhiqizo yezilwane (i-cottage shizi, i-sourdough, ibuyele emuva, i-egg white).
Izithako ezenziwe nge-vitamin ezifana nemifino, ikhekhe lamafutha kanye nosuku lokudla kufanele futhi zengezwe ekuphakelayo.
Uyazi? Amaqanda amaqhwa aphatha i-anemia, ayasiza ezinhlokweni ezinzima zekhanda, ukuzwela ezifweni eziphefumulayo, amnesia, izilonda kanye ne-gastritis.
Izigwaca zokuhlanza ngaphambi kokuhlatshwa
Abesilisa nabesifazane abaneziphambeko ezingokwenyama badluliselwa ezinkomeni ezincelisayo zenyama. Ungathatha futhi izingane ezisakhulayo ngale njongo, kanye nezigwaca emva kokubekwa kwamaqanda. Ukudla okunjalo kuqaliswa kancane kancane, njengoba ukuguquka okubuhlungu kungaholela ekufeni kwenyoni. Ukushintsha okunjalo kufanele kwenziwe ezinsukwini ezingu-4. Izindwangu zenyama zifakwe emgodini ophethe izindonga eziqinile endaweni enomthunzi. Kunconywa ukugcina abesifazane nabesilisa ngokwahlukana. Ukondla kufanele kufane nesikhukhula esidala, kuphela inani lamanoni nommbila kufanele landa.
Ngosuku lokuqala, isigamu sokudla esidala kanye nesigamu esisha sizokwenziwa. Le fattening ihlala cishe amasonto amane. Ngesonto eledlule inani lemfuyo likhuphuka ngo-8%. Kubalulekile ukuthi izigwaca zilinganiselwa ngaphansi kwengu-160 g, futhi isifuba kufanele sibe nesendlalelo esihle samafutha angaphansi.
Uyazi? Amaqanda ama-quail angcono ekuthuthukiseni amakhono engqondo. EJapane, umfundi ngamunye uthola amaqanda ama-2 e-quail kwasemini.
Isiqu - kuyinyoni enenzuzo, kuyilapho izindleko zokudla nokuzilondoloza zincane. Sincoma ukuthi usebenzise le myalelo futhi ufisa ukukhula izigwaca ezinhle.
