Apple TreeIkhethiwe eyodwa"- ibanga, odumile futhi othandekayo kusukela ezikhathini zaseSoviet.
Ukukhishwa ngemva nje kweMpi Yezwe II, kusasaziwa ngenxa yalokho ukunambitha izindawo nokubunjwa okumangalisayo.
Ihlanganisa ama-acids azuzisayo, ushukela, ama-tannins kanye inani elikhulu levithamini C.
Incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo nezithombe kulesi sihloko.
Uhlobo luni?
"Okhethiwe" ubhekisela kuwo izinhlobo zekwindlaukugcina ngo-September.
Ngokuvamile, i-apula isihlahla sokuvuthwa okuvamile.
Inzuzo enkulu yezinhlobo zekwindla - isithelo singadliwa ngqo kusuka esihlahleni.
Ukuze ukwandise imfucumfucu emfushane kakhulu, ama-apula kufanele agcinwe ezimweni ezinhle.
Izithelo zisuswa ngokucophelela emthini, zizama ukulimaza ubuqotho besikhumba kanye ne-pulp, futhi zifakwe emabhokisini okukhuni.
Ngaphansi kwesendlalelo sokusabalalisa sephepha noma amaphephandaba.
Amabhokisi afakwa ema-cellars omnyama omnyama.
Uma ulandela izimo zokugcina, ungakwazi ukunweba isitoreji, okungenani kusuka ezinsukwini ezingu-40 kuya kwezingu-50.
Ukuvota
Njengezinye izinhlobo eziningi zaseRussia, "Okhethiweyo" udinga impova. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukutshala eduze nanoma yikuphi izinhlobo zekwindla kanye nehlobo ze-pollination.
Izinhlobo ze-Autumn zifaka ama-apula: Aelita, Gala, Yantar, On-Screen, Lyubava, Welsey, Flashlight, Sun, Ural Bulk, Scala, Freshness, Kutuzovets, Kovrovoy, Isipho kubalimi, Calvil Snow, Imrus, Young Naturalist.
Incazelo ezihlukahlukene Izintandokazi
Ngokuvamile, kokubili umuthi nezithelo zawo kunezici eziphawulekayo, ngazo zonke izinhlobo ezibonakala kalula kuzo zonke ezinye.
Ezihlukile ukuphakama okuphakathi kanye nomqhele obanzi isakhiwo nxazonke. Amagatsha ayengavamile, amaqhubu amakhulu ikakhulukazi, ama-wheellets abila izithelo.
Umuthi ukhula kancane, kodwa amagatsha asetshenziselwe ukukhula ngokushesha futhi adinga ukusika izihlahla njalo.
Amahlumela abomvu, amahlumela amaningi futhi ashicilela kakhulu. Amaqabunga aphikisiwe ngokuqinile emagatsheni, abe nomumo omile nombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Amagqabi amahlumela amancane, oblong nge-tip ekhaliphile, i-vein central ibizwa.
Ubuso buyi-leathery, kancane bunamathele, umphetho uyinto evulekile. I-Petioles ende, enezinhlamvu ezilinganayo, ama-stipule ahlukanisiwe, amakhulu.
Unayo usayizi omkhuluisisindo sihluka kusuka ku-170 ukuya ku-290g. Umumo ujikeleze, uhlelwe ngenhla nangaphansi. Umbala uvutha, i-tricolor - engemuva ophuzi kunemivimbo eminingi ebomvu nezindawo eziluhlaza.
Ngaphansi kwesikhumba, ungakwazi ukuhlukanisa inombolo enkulu yamaphuzu we-bleached. Isikhumba sibhebhetheka kancane kancane. Umcibisholo awujulile, hhayi othumba, kepha ongcolile. Isiqu sinobukhulu obuphakathi nobude obuphakathi.
Inyama imhlophe noma i-beige, ifakwe kahle ekubunjweni, ine-ukunambitheka okumnandi okumnandi. Ukubaluleka okuyinhloko kwesithelo kumatpusi amancane wethenda omuhle kakhulu ukunambitheka izakhiwoezingalahleki ngemuva kokwelashwa nokushisa.
Isithombe
Umlando wokuzala
Izinhlobonhlobo "Ezikhethiwe" zathola ososayensi abadumile - abalimi, abalandeli nabafundi uMichurin ngo-1951 - G.E.Limberger, S.I. Isaev, V.V.Vartapetyan.
Ngosizo lwe-pollination yamahhala, bathola imbewu yalesi hybrid. "Abazali" be-apula bayisi-Bellefle Chinese futhi Antonovka ejwayelekile, lapho "Okhethiweyo" athatha izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu - izithelo ezinhle kakhulu zezithelo kanye ubusika hardiness
Izindawo zokukhula kwemvelo
Ukukhipha "Okukhethiwe" okutholiwe ngo-1999 ku I-Volga ephansi, eNyakatho-West nasezindaweni eziphakathi.
Kwezinye izindawo zithatha kahle izimpande, ikakhulukazi uma uqinisekisa inhlabathi evundile engavimba ngaphandle komswakama omile.
Imithi yalezi zinhlobonhlobo iyakwazi ukusinda ngisho nasezindaweni zokulimala kakhulu.
Ukutshala kulezi zifunda, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zifanelekile: i-Anis igwetshiwe, i-Winter Grushovka, iLobo, i-Yandykovskoe, iJubile yaseMoscow, inkazimulo ku-Victor, iSroyevskoe, i-Memory of Ulyanischev, u-Uslada, uJuly Chernenko, i-Korichniy entsha.
Ukuthela
"Okhethiwe" ubhekisela kuwo izihlahla eziphezulu. Ngokwesilinganiso uyinikeza 75-85kg kusuka esihlahleni esisodwa. Ukuqoqa izithelo kwenziwa kusukela maphakathi kuya ngasekupheleni kuka-September. Ukuvuna kuqala iminyaka engu-5-6 kusukela ukufika.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Izindwangu "Ezikhethiwe" zithengiswa ngesistimu evulekile, ngakho ukufika kuyenziwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthenga kusayithi elilungiselelwe. Uma, noma kunjalo, izimpande zomile, isithombo senziwa emanzini izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze sifinyelele.
KUBALULEKILE! Awukwazi ukulungisa izimpande ngaphambi kokutshala, ukuze ungaphazamisi ukuhlinzekwa kwezinkuni ezinezakhi. Kunconywa ukuba kuqedwe izimpande ezingenakwenzeka.
Isikhathi esihle kakhulu sonyaka ngaphambi kokuba ifihlekile iqale ukuqhuma futhi ekwindla ngaphambi kokufika kwesithwathwa.
Kuleli banga ukhethe izindawo ezikhanyisiwe nenhlabathi evundile.
Kumele kube okuxekethile, kancane acidique futhi hydrated. I-Perfect loamy, inhlabathi emnyama nomhlabathi onesihlabathi.
Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba kufanele adlule ayikho eduze kuka-2m kuya phezulu.
Umhlabathi onomsoco ompofu kufanele ulungiswe kusengaphambili ngokusebenzisa umquba ophilayo.
Isayizi yomgodi wokufika hhayi ngaphansi kuka-60 × 80cm. I-peat kanye ne-humus, i-superphosphate ne-ash ash zifakwa phansi.
Khona-ke i-sapling iyancipha kuyo, iqondise zonke izimpande futhi igubungele inhlabathi, ichithe ngokucophelela phansi. Ukusetshenziswa kokunisela okulandelayo 30-40 amalitha amanzi. Ubuso bomhlabathi buhlanganiswe emgqeni wempande.
Ukunakekela "Okhethiweyo" akufani nezezindinganiso. Entwasahlobo, ama-white trunks kanye nokumba umhlabathi emibuthanweni ye-pristvolnyh.
Kuyo yonke inkathi basebenzisa izinyathelo ezihlukahlukene ukulawula izinambuzane nokuvimbela ukuhlaselwa kwabo ngosizo lokubamba amabhande, ama-chemical and biological insecticides, kanye nokuqoqwa kwamacimbi ngezandla zabo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-carrion kumele iqoqwe futhi ilahlwe ukunciphisa inani lezilokazane.
Ekwindla susa amaqabunga awele phansi, lapho izinambuzane zihlelwa khona ubusika.
Spring kanye ekwindla sebenzisa izihlahla, lapho umuthi we-apula unesidingo esikhulu.
Ngosizo lwenqubo, ukuvuselelwa kwesihlahla kwenzeka, ubukhulu nokunambitheka kwezithelo kuthuthukiswa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amagatsha amancane anika ama-apula amaningi kunezivuthiwe.
Isikwele sithola ukubonakala okuhle, njengoba amagatsha amakhulu anqwabelene.
KUBALULEKILE! Izihlahla ze-apula ezincane zikhawulwe kabili ngonyaka. Ngentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokuba amaqabunga aqhume futhi aqhakaze, futhi ekwindla emva kwamahlamvu ewile.
Ukunisela kwenziwa ngokuya endaweni ekhulayo nezimo zezulu. Ngokujwayelekile, umswakama owengeziwe udinga kuphela ezindaweni ezinomile futhi ngaphambi kobusika.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Izinhlobonhlobo "Ezikhethiwe" yi medium resistant to scab. Zonke ezinye izifo ze-apula ziyakwazi ukushaya lezi ezihlukahlukene. Okuvamile kakhulu i-powdery isikhutha, izithelo zokubola, ukushisa amabhaktheriya.
Phakathi kwezinambuzane ezifanele ukugqamisa apula i-aphid, i-moth, i-leafworm, i-flower beetle ne-mothnjengendlela enonya kakhulu futhi ehlasela ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Ngakho-ke, i-apula "ekhethiwe" ayidingi ukunakekelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, izimali ezinkulu zemali kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla amakhulu.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyoba yisikhathi eside ukujabula ngokuvuna okukhulu, okungasetshenziselwa noma yimuphi umgomo, futhi nge ukunambitheka okumangalisayo ama-apula.
Buka ividiyo mayelana nokuvimbela izifo nokuphathwa kwezihlahla zezithelo.
