Njengoba usukhulile isikhukhula okungenani kanye ngesicu sakho, uma uqonda ukuthi kubonakala kanjani ngokuvumelana nokuhlelwa kwembali, awunakwenzeka ukuyeka lokhu kungapheli. Inzuzo yalo inikeza ukunakekelwa okuncane. Kwanele ukuletha umquba noma amaqabunga amahlumela lapho utshala emhlabathini ukuze zonke izimila ezisele zithande isitshalo, ukuphuzisa njengoba kudingeka. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukuba sinqume kusengaphambili ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezizozikhetha, ngoba zihlukile embala nasendleleni yokuhlobisa ingxenye eluhlaza yesitshalo. Okulandelayo, sizoxoxa ngezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu ze-kupeny ezitshalwe emgqeni wethu.
Nude naked
Indawo yokuhlala kulezi ezihlukahlukene yihlathi lamaCaucasus. Ungayithola enqenqemeni yehlathi, nasemaphethelweni, phakathi kwezihlahla kuze kufike ebhodini eliphakathi kwentaba. Iqukethe i-rhizome enamandla ngendlela ye-rosary, lapho ikhula khona, kuze kube ngu-60 cm, isiqu esithile. Engxenyeni engaphansi, inombala obomvu obomvu, kodwa konke okuluhlaza. Amaqabunga alandelayo cishe akhula ngokunye. Zitholakala ezinhlangothini zombili zeqabunga lokusika futhi zifinyelele ngo-6 cm ububanzi no-15 cm ubude. Ukusuka ngezansi bavulekile futhi bayi-grey, futhi kusukela ngenhla eluhlaza (eduze kwesisekelo abanombala obomvu). 
Emathini aluhlaza ahluma izimbali ezimbili. I-Perian ifika ku-2.5 cm ubude, insimbi enekhanda nomhlophe embala. Njengomthetho, maphakathi ne-convex kancane, unamazinyo aluhlaza okweluhlaza okweluhlaza. Ama-stamens ahamba kusukela ku-perianth, ahlala isikhathi eside kunabo. Izimbali zivela entwasahlobo sekwephuzile noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Ekupheleni kwezimbali endaweni yabo kukhona amajikijolo amnyama okwesibhakabhaka.
Uyazi? Akukade kudala, i-kupena yahlala phakathi komndeni we-lily, kodwa maduzane kunqunywe ukuyibeka emndenini we-lily. Kusukela lapha elinye igama layo lingaphezulu - isiliva sezingadi lesigodi. Igama lesiLatini, i-Polygonatum, likhulu. Kuhumushiwe, kusho "ukuphela." Kubantu, i-kupenu ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi uSolomon seal. Iqiniso liwukuthi emva kokuphela kwamahlumela e-rhizome yesitshalo kukhona ukukhanya okucindezelekile okwenziwe nxazonke, empeleni, kufana nesibonakaliso. Ngenombolo yezimpawu ezinjalo, ungakwazi ukunquma ubudala se-shrub.
I-kupena enomsoco (yokwelashwa)
Ngokuvamile, ibhakede lezokwelapha likhulile, elinomngcele omhlophe emaqabunga aluhlaza. Zakhula zibe ngu-14 cm ubude no-5 cm ububanzi. I-Kupena ikhula kuze kufike ku-50 cm futhi ibhekwa njengesendlalelo esingaphakathi. Ingxenyeni engenhla ye-stem ayiyona inqwaba eqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo. Inikeza izimbali ezimhlophe ezikhula ngezibili. Zivela ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Ekupheleni kwezimbali ushiya amajikijolo amnyama okwesibhakabhaka. 
Ikhula zasendle emahlathini amahlathi, emithambekeni yamagquma amancane nezintaba, emahlathini ama-shady. Evame ukutholakala eJapane, eMongolia, eChina, eSiberia, ingxenye yaseMedithera yaseYurophu naseMpumalanga Ekude. Ukubekezelela kalula isomiso. Ukuhlakulela i-kupena enomsindo kusukela ngo-1561.
I-apena yaseCaucasia
Isitshalo esingenalutho nesinezici zalesisitshalo singamamitha angu-30 ubude. Sineziqabunga ze-llongolate ezinama-oblong ezisekela phansi. Ehlangothini labo elingaphansi kukhona imivimbo ebonakalayo, egcwele izinwele ezimfushane. Amaqabunga akhula abe ngu-4.5 cm ubude no-11 cm ubude. Izimbali zikhula ngamabili noma amane kuma-pedicels angenalutho. I-perianth emhlophe kancane ngaphezu kwesisekelo iyancipha, bese ikhula. Isikhathi sokumbali - April - Meyi. 
I-apena yaseCaucasia ihlala emahlathini asentabeni yaseTranscaucasia, i-Dagestan, i-Ciscaucasia, lapho i-spruce, i-fir, shrub, izihlahla ezinamathelayo zikhula khona. Ungayithola ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwe-subalpine, etholakala e-Asia Minor nase-Peninsula yaseBalkan.
Uyazi? Izakhi zokwelapha zalesi sitshalo, ezingenawo utshani kuphela, kodwa futhi nama-rhizomes, aziwa. Ngakho, amaqabunga asetshenziselwa amanxeba ukuyeka igazi nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala. Lapho izivuno ziphakanyiswa ama-poultices avela ku-decoction. Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukuvuvukala kwamapayipi nomgqa wokuphefumula ongaphezulu, i-bronchitis, i-arthritis, i-gout, i-osteochondrosis, isifo senhliziyo, isifo sekhanda, isilonda. Ngale njongo, ungakwazi ukulungisa utshwala tincture we impande, bemba ekwindla.
I-Kupena eminingi-iphethwe
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziyakuthanda futhi amahlathi ahlanganisiwe, ikakhulukazi amahlumela. Amapna amaningi-aphakanyiswa kakhulu akhula ikakhulukazi emabhantshini aseCaucasus aphakathi nendawo aphansi, ama-Himalaya, i-Europe, i-Anterior, i-Minor ne-East Asia. 
Imbali ine-oblique stem efinyelela ku-90 cm ubude, amaqabunga akhiwa kusuka emaqabunga amancane, aphikisiwe e-oval-lanceolate, ahlelwe ngenye indlela ezinhlangothini zombili zekhasi le-petiole. Ngezansi babe nomthunzi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Khula kuze kufike ku-4.5 cm ububanzi no-15 cm ubude. Ezingxenyeni zamaqabunga zikhula kusuka ezihlotsheni ezimbili kuya kwezingu-5 ezinezikhathi ezimhlophe ze-tubular. Unamazinyo ashicilela futhi aphelile emaphethelweni. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza inyanga, ukuqala kwezimbali ku-May-Juni. Unamafomu amaningana ama-hybrid ahlukaniswe yi-bracts eluhlaza, amaqabunga anamagqabhagqabha, nezimbali ezimbili ezibomvu. Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-apen pharmacy, njengoba isetshenziselwe izinhloso zokwelapha kusukela ngekhulu le-15 leminyaka.
Kubalulekile! Njengoba unqume ukukhula isikhukhula ensimini yakho, faka isihlahla endaweni lapho izingane zingenakufinyelela khona. Iqiniso liwukuthi zonke izingxenye zesitshalo ziqukethe izinto ezinobuthi eziholela ekuhlanza okukhulu. Futhi ama-berries we-plant look abukeka ikakhulukazi.
I-Kupena squat (ephansi)
I-cultivar engavamile inikeza okuqondile, okuyizinto ezincane, iziqu ezingenalutho ezakha i-compact shrub kuze kufike ku-20 cm ubude. Kulesi simo, ukukhula konyaka kunika isitshalo esincane kakhulu-kufika ku-5 cm. Amahlamvu esitshalo yi-ovate noma i-lanceolate oblong, i-pubescent ngaphansi, ihlelwe ngokuhlukile. Izimbali zivela ngoJuni futhi zibambe cishe amasonto amabili. I-perianth elilodwa elimhlophe elifinyelela ku-2.2 cm ubude, ne-stamens ehamba phambili esuka ku-tube kanye ne-pistil ende. Amajikijolo asemnyama okwesibhakabhaka.
I-squat kupena ikhula eningizimu yeSiberia, ePrimorye, eSakhalin, Urup, Iturup, Kunashir. Ungakwazi futhi ukuhlangana eJapane, eKorea, eChina. Uthande inhlabathi evunyelwe kahle: amahlathi, amahlumela, amachweba, izintaba zasentabeni.
Koupena floriferous -
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zikhetha izinhlanzi ezinamahlathi, ama-fir nama-spruce, lapho zingatholakala khona phakathi kwamahlathi nasemaphethelweni. Ngokuvamile kancane kancane lezi zinhlobonhlobo zivela emagqumeni e-subalpine nasezindaweni eziphakathi kwezintaba ze-Asia Minor, iBalkans, iCaucasus neCrimea. Ikhetha inhlabathi enomsoco enomsoco nge-shading elinganisiwe. Ukuphela okungapheli okubandayo, ukumelana nezifo nezinambuzane.
Unomcabango obukhulu ohlobo lwe-rosary, oveza isitshalo esingenalutho, esinesibhakabhaka sombala ohlaza. Ekude, lilula kuze kube ngu-50 cm futhi ligoba ngokuphawulekayo. Amaqabunga asitshalo ahlelwe ngezinye izindlela ezinhlangothini ezimbili zesitshalo. Banefomu le-lanceolate elongelayo, likhule lifike ku-5 cm ngobubanzi ne-9 cm ubude. Kusukela phansi kwamaqabunga emithanjeni i-papeserie pubescence. 
I-Pedicels nayo ihamba futhi iluhlaza, ibambe izimbali ezincane ezimbili kuya kwezingu-5. Lesi sitshalo sinombhalo omhlophe we-strith ne-constriction perianth ngaphandle kwesibindi. Iqukethe amazinyo ashisayo, aphethwe ngamandla ezinhlangothini. Kusukela kuma-stanens stand stand, futhi pubescent. Pistil kancane stamens. Izimbali ziqala phakathi nonyaka kahlobo noma entwasahlobo. Lapho sekuphelile amajikijolo amnyama okwesibhakabhaka akhiwa.
I-Kupena ikhululekile
Olunye uhlobo oluthile lwendawo engokwemvelo yihlathi lamahlathi aseCaucasus.
I-kupena evulekile emgwaqeni
Izinhlobonhlobo zifana kakhulu nomhlophe. Kuphela kuphela okungenayo i-pubescence ebusweni obuphansi beqabunga, futhi amaqabunga ngokwawo ayabonakala acacile futhi atholakala ngaphezulu. Esinye isici siyindilinga, hhayi isici. I-internodes eduze nephezulu iba mfushane. Ama-pedicels akhula avela kuma-axils amaqabunga futhi akhiqize izimbali ezingu-2-3 ezilenga. Ziyabonakala zisondele ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Ngemuva kwezimbali, iberry elimnyama livela endaweni yawo. 
Ikhula endaweni yangasogwini naseNyakatho China. Kungenzeka ukuthola lezi zinhlobo phakathi kwezihlahla, emahlathini, insimu enesihlabathi yomfula.
I-kupena yaseSiberia
Ukugeza kweSiberia kungatholakala enyakatho yeChina, enyakatho yeMongolia naseMpumalanga Siberia. Uthanda ukukhula ezindaweni ezibandayo nezifudumele.
Ibhekwa ngendwangu enjenge-rhizome enjengezintambo, lapho i-grainy stem ikhula ibe ngu-55 cm ubude. Amaqabunga amancane noma ama-lanceolate akhula ema-verticil, ububanzi buka-0.5 cm no-8 cm ubude. Ekugcineni unama-curl, futhi indawo engezansi ayibala. Emathinini aluhlaza aluhlaza kunezimbali ezimbili ezine-bracts ezinama-membranous, ezigcinwe ngenkathi zikhazimulayo. I-perianth elimhlophe elimhlophe liboshwe ngamazinyo amancane ama-lanceolate ama-greenish ama-pubescence alula. Ikhula ku-0.9 cm ubude. Ama-filaments angenalutho, angama-knobby awahambanga phambili. I-pestle nayo ayibuki, njengoba ifushane kunazo zonke izitshalo. Izimbali ziqala ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, futhi emva kokuqedwa kwayo kubhekwa ibhere elibomvu. 
Kubalulekile! Ukwanda kwe-kupene cishe akudingi umzamo. Ingahlehlisi emhlabathini, ibekezelela ukuqina okunamandla nokuswakama okunamandla kakhulu, kunokungaqondakali okuncane kwezifo, futhi akunandaba nezezinambuzane. Ingabe lokho kuyizinkathi ezinomile kakhulu amacimbi ambalwa noma ama-slugs azohlala kuwo. Endaweni eyodwa ingakhula njalo, iphindaphinda ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla.
Umqhele we-Pink
Lolu hlobo lwesitshalo luyaziwa kakhulu eNyakatho-ntshonalanga yeChina, iTien Shan, ePamir-Alai, eSiberia eseningizimu-ntshonalanga. Ikakhulukazi ikhula ezintabeni eziqhamukayo noma ezihlahleni zase-Spruce, phakathi kwezihlahla.
Iqukethe i-stalk elibomvu elibomvu elibomvu, elifinyelela ku-50 cm ukuphakama. Amaqabunga angama-linear-lanceolate noma i-lanceolate ehlelwe ngamacici angama-4-6, kepha aphansi angaphambana. Khula kuze kube ngu-2 cm ububanzi no-15 cm ubude. Ngezansi kube nomthunzi we-bluish, futhi eduze kwemiveni - i-pubescence encane. Ezingxenyeni zamaqabunga, izimbali zakha u-2 ngamunye, kepha hhayi ezingaphezu kwezingu-4. Zine-bracts yokuwa kwe-membranous, i-shabula ebomvu i-pink shade. Kuwo ama-lanceolate aphephile amazinyo amancane. Izimbali ziqala ngoMeyi-Juni. Uma sekuphela, iberry elibomvu livela esakhiweni sezimbali eziboshwe.
Broadleaf kupena
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zezimbali zivela emahlathini ase-Asia Minor, e-Europe Ephakathi, nasezindaweni zaseYurophu zaseRussia. I-broadlea ipena ikhula ngokuphakama kuze kufike ku-50 cm. Ngeziqu ezincane ezincane, amaqabunga aqondile, ama-oblong wefomu le-ovate. Ezikhathini zabo ekupheleni kukaMeyi kubonakala kusuka ku-1 kuya ku-4 izimbali ze-drooping ezinezikhathi ezimhlophe ze-tubular. Izinsuku ezingu-20-25 emva kokubonakala, imbali iyafa futhi ibhere elihlaza okwesibhakabhaka lima endaweni yayo.
Lesi sitshalo sithanda ngokwanele izimo ezingafaneleki kwezinye izimbali: inhlabathi enamandla, shading eqinile. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ikhula ngokushesha ibe amahlumela aminyene ekhula minyaka yonke. I-broadleaf Kupena ibhekwa njengezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokubekezela kwesomiso kulezi zinhlobo, ngakho-ke kufanelekile enhlabathini eyomile kakhulu.
I-Kupena isitshalo esihle esizohlobisa ingadi yakho hhayi kuphela ngezimbali ezingavamile, kodwa futhi ngamaqabunga okuhlobisa. Ekupheleni kwezimbali, ingadi izozuza ekubukeni kwamabhisikidi amnyama, abomvu noma amnyama okwesibhakabhaka. Ungakhula imbali enhlabathini eyinyumba, engakhathazeki kakhulu ngokumnakekela. Ngisho nezinambuzane nezifo azivame ukumfica. Into okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi zonke izingxenye zesitshalo ziqukethe izinto ezinobuthi.
