I-Generous Cherry - enye yezinhlobo ezidume kakhulu futhi ezivamile ze-cherry yamahlathi. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zaleli klasi yizona frost ukumelana kanye nokukhiqiza.
Naphezu kokuthi izinhlobo zezintaba azilondolozi kakhulu, uCherry Onomusa, onquma ngezikhathi ezithile, ekwazi ukuhlala nokuthela izithelo iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30.
I-Generous Cherry yiyona i-hybrid steppe kanye nezivamile Ama Cherries, incazelo egcwele yezinhlobonhlobo nezithombe ingafundwa futhi ibonwe kamuva esihlokweni.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ezingenakuzithoba zama cherry ezingadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezingenakuzithoba, uVolochaevka, Vyanok, uMoscow Griot noZhukovskaya nabo kufanele baqaphele.
Umthetho oyinhloko wokulima - ukucubungula ngesikhathi esifanele, ukufaka umanyolo nokutshala okufanele.
Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa
UCerous Generous wabonakala njengomphumela ukuvota okungahleliwe izinhlobo zezinhlobo zonyaka Ideal.
Ukuvuthwa kwemifino kwakukhona ama cherry ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise ne-steppe. Ovulekile ukhethwe njengezinhlobonhlobo, abalimi besiteshi segadi Sverdlovsk S.V. I-Zhukov ne-N.I. Gvozdyukova.
Ezihlukahlukene ezihlukahlukene Unomusa ngo-1959 ezindaweni zase-Ural, eNtshonalanga yaseSiberia nasesifundazweni saseVolga.
Ngokuvamile le cherry ingatholakala emasimini I-Belarus, iBaltic, i-Ukraine, futhi ngaphandle kwesikhala seSoviet post.
Kulezi zindawo, umuntu angathola izinhlobo ezifana neLebedyanskaya, Lyubskaya, Malinovka neMayak.
Ukubukeka kwe-cherry Okuphakade
Cabanga ngokwehlukana ukubonakala komuthi wesithelo nezithelo zawo.
Isihlahla
Kuyinto isitshalo se-shrub encane, i-1.5-2 m ubude obukhulu, nge amagatsha aqhamukayo futhi amahlumela aphezulu. Amafihlekile akhombiswa, amancane.
Amaqabunga anemibala eluhlaza, emide, ekhanyayo, enemibala eluhlaza, enezintambo ezibukhali namazinyo amancane emaphethelweni. Izimbali zimhlophe, zinezikhala ezihlelekile, zikhula 3-4 izingcezu kwelinye inflorescence.
Isithelo
Amajikijolo awawona mkhulu kakhulu, anesisindo esingu-3-5 g, obomvu obomvu, nxazonke, ungaphazamisi uma usuphelile. I-pulp isemanzini kancane, enomnandi kakhulu omuncu-omuncu kanye nephunga elimnandi le-cherry.
Intsha, uMorozovka, uNadezhda noNovella nayo ihlukaniswa nokudla kwabo okuhle kakhulu.
Ilitshe likhulu kakhulu, lihlukaniswe kalula. Isiqu eside futhi sincane. Izithelo azitholakali.
Ukwenziwa kwamakhemikhali
| Ukwakhiwa | Inombolo |
|---|---|
| Izinto ezincibilikayo ezimanzi | 12,2% |
| I-Sahara | 6,7% |
| Acids | 1,5%, |
| I-ascorbic acid | 13.2 mg / 100g |
| I-Vitamin P | 318.2 mg / 100g |
Isithombe
Izinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene
Ovulekile wamukela igama elinjalo. Ovulekile - Izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene kakhulu zama cherry. Ukusuka esihlahleni esisodwa ungathola kuze kufike ku-10-15 kg amajikijolo. Iziqalo Ezivuthiwe Ezikhiqizayo 3-4 emva kokufika. Le cherry ikhula iminyaka eyishumi edlule kaMeyi, futhi amajikijolo avuthwa ngasekupheleni kuka-Agasti - ekuqaleni kuka-Septhemba. Zivuthisa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngakho isivuno senziwa ngezigaba eziningana.
UVyanok, Podbelskaya, u-Uralskaya Rubinovaya noTamaris nabo babonisa isivuno esikhulu.
Ezihlukahlukene-ezizimele-ezizimele. Kodwa-ke, ukuze uthuthukise isivuno, ungatshala izinhlobo eziningi zokuvuna: Polevka, Maksimovskaya, Ural Standard, Subbotinskaya.
Enye inzuzo engenakuphikwa yokuphana ingacatshangwa ubumnandi obunzima obusika kakhulu.
Yena kungaba ukumelana namazinga okushisa phansi -35 - 45 ะก ngaphandle kokulimala emagqumeni kanye namahlumela.
Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza ukubekezelela ngokuphelele ngisho namaqhwa abalulekile.
Ngakho-ke, ukuhlukahluka kunconywa ukuyikhuphula ezindaweni ezisenyakatho.
Futhi okuhle kakhulu ubusika ukumelana uhlukile izinhlobo Tsarevna Felt, Ashinskaya isifundazwe, Lyubskaya and Morozovka.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Isikhathi esihle sokutshala i-cherry yintwasahlobo. Ukuhlukahluka okungafaniyo okungafani nokuhlelwa kwenhlabathi, kodwa kungcono ukusebenzisa izindawo zokutshala ekuphakameni, hhayi emkhunjini, owomile, enhlabathini enesihlabathi esilula.
Futhi isayithi kufanele ibe kahle futhi ngaphandle kokuthunga. Ukuze cherry, kufanele ukhethe kahle ivikelwe ezindaweni zomoya ezisenyakatho.
Ungasebenzisa ukuhlanjululwa ngamanzi slurry, ngesilinganiso se-1: 2. Futhi ungenza okuhle umquba obolile noma umquba (15 kg per sq. m).
Qinisekisa ukwengeza umquba wamaminerali: 80-100 gr. superphosphate nama-50 amagremu. i-potassium sulfate ngayinye imitha yendawo m
Izimbiza nazo zilungiselelwe ekwindla. Bamba ukujula kwabo 40-50 cm futhi mayelana nobubanzi 70-90 cm
Ngaphansi kokusabalalisa inhlabathi ekhethekile: ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi luxubene nesilinganiso esifanayo somquba bese ufaka amagremu angu-30. superphosphate, 15-20 gr. i-potassium chloride kanye no-1 kg wokhuni lomuthi.
Beka isithombo esikhungweni se-hillock emgodini bese uwugcoba kakhulu. Ukujula ngokutshala i-cherry akubekezeli.
Insipho impande ishiywe ngenhla phezu komhlaba. Umgodi onamahlangothi aphakeme, wokunisela, wakhiwa emgodini.
Ngemva kokufika kuleli thuba uthele 3-4 amabhakede amanzi futhi uqiniseke ukuthi unogwaja nge peat noma umquba.
Uma i-shrub itshalwe, khona-ke iminyaka emibili yokuqala, konke ukunakekelwa kwayo kuqukethe kuphela ukuphuza, ukukhipha okungajulile kwenhlabathi nokukhipha ukhula. Ekubeni, umhlabathi ozungeze isithombo, ngokucophelela, ukuze ungalimazi izimpande, ubumbwe ukujula cishe ngo-10 cm.
Ngonyaka wesithathu, entwasahlobo, ngokushesha nje lapho iqhwa licibilika, zenza izimpande zokuqala zondla. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa umanyolo we-nitrogen, isibonelo, ammonium nitrate noma urea. Ekubeni - superphosphate ne-potassium sulfate.
Lapho i-cherry iqala ukuthela izithelo - inani lokugqoka liyakhula. Ingxenye eyodwa yesimiso somanyolo we-nitrogen kungcono ukwenza entwasahlobo, kanti eyesibili - emva kokuqhakaza.
Ukondla okwenyama kuyenzeka kanye ngeminyaka emibili, futhi kuphawula - kanye kuphela eminyakeni emihlanu. Ngaphansi kokumba ekwindla wengeze i-phosphorus ne-potassium.
Lesi sitshalo esincane siphuziswa kaningi njengoba umhlaba ubomile. Ukusetshenziswa okunye okusetshenziselwa ukuphuza 3-4 amabhakede amanzi ngesikwele ngasinye. m
Ukuvama kwe-cherry fruiting cherries kunciphisa kuze kube kathathu ngonyaka. Ngesikhathi sokuqala wanisela isihlahla ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqhakaza, okwesibili - ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo.
Ukuchelela okwesithathu kwenziwa ngaphansi kwebusika, ngo-Okthoba. With a cherry nesomiso esinamandla kudingeka athele kaningi. Ngomunye wokusebenzisa okunjalo okunisela hhayi amabhakede angama-5-6 amanzi ngamamitha ayizikwele.
Ngaphezu kokufaka umquba, ukuchelela nokukhipha, i-cherry yamahlathi ngempela ukubamba izihlahla zonyaka.
Ekuqaleni kokuvuvukala kwezinso, ungabona ukuthi yiziphi amagatsha okufanele asuswe futhi akufanele yini. Wonke amagatsha omile, omdala nesifo aphethwe futhi ukucubungula izindawo zokusikeka nge-pitch ekhululekile engadini.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi amahlumela waminyaka yonke kuleli klasi ayinakufinyezwa. Ukusika izihlahla kuyisifiso sokwenza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokushiya.
Qinisekisa ukususa nokukhula okungenasidingo kwezimpande.okuyinto ebuthakathaka kakhulu isitshalo. Lapho ukusika izihlahla kubalulekile ukugwema ukuqina ngokweqile, futhi ususe masinyane onke amagatsha akhula ngaphakathi ehlathini. Akukhona kuphela ukwandisa isivuno, kodwa futhi kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yezifo.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ovulekile, nakuba kungenjalo kaningi, kodwa ojwayele izifo ezivamile ezifana i-moniliosis ne-coccomycosis.
Le-cherry imelana nokulwa nezilokazane, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ihlushwa ukuhlaselwa. sawfly emangcwabeni kanye nama-aphid ama-cherry.
Kwenzeka ngesikhathi semvula epholile. Indlela yokuqaphela ingozi ngesikhathi futhi uvikele i-cherry?
Monilioz - Isifo sefungali esithinta sonke isitshalo.
I-Moniliosis i-pathogen overwinters emagqabeni amagatsha namahlumela, futhi iqala ukuzibonakalisa kuphela phakathi kwezimbali ze-cherry. Okokuqala, amagxolo, amahlumela kanye namahlamvu ashintshwe.
Ambozwe ama-moss obuhlaza, ekhula ngaphakathi kwesitshalo futhi eholela ekuqhekekeni kwamagxolo nokuphelisa ngokuphelele amagatsha namaqabunga. Amajikijithi ahloselwe ngokushesha avule, asomile futhi angalenga kuleli fomu bonke ubusika. Kulokhu, izinhlamvu ze-fungus zihlala ziqhubeka kuze kufike entwasahlobo.
Ukuqeda lesi sifo udinga ukuhlala njalo susa amaqabunga aphethwe, amahlumela kanye namajikijolo, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uyashisa. Ngaphambi nangemva kwezimbali kuyadingeka ukucubungula isihlahla ngesisombululo se-aqueous of oxychloride yethusi.
Ngemuva kokuvuna, ukupompela ngesisombululo se-1% se-Bordeaux ingxube ye-mixe kusiza. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, lesi sombululo singasetshenziswa ukuphatha ama cherry ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuba amahlamvu avele.
Coccomycosis futhi isifo sofungal, kodwa ikakhulukazi sithinta amaqabunga namajikijolo.
Ungayibona esiteji sokuqala, ngokubonakala engxenyeni engenhla yamaqabunga amachashazi amancane.
Zakhula masinyane futhi zimboze wonke amaqabunga, bese uya amajikijolo.
Amaqabunga abathintekile awela phakathi nhlobo-ehlobo, kanti amajikijolo aphelile. Uma lesi sifo singelashwa, isihlahla sizofa ngonyaka ozayo.
I-fungus ye coccomycosis phezuwinters emaqabunga awile. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi esifanele ukuhlanza nokushisa amaqabunga omile, futhi ukhula ngokucophelela futhi ukhulule inhlabathi.
Ukulwa kahle nalesi sifo kuyasiza ukwelashwa kabili emhlathini kanye nenhlabathi ngaphansi kwayo nge-1% ye-Bordeaux ingxube noma kanye, ngemva kokuchichima, ngekhambi le-oxychloride yethusi.
Ukuphikisana ne-coccomycosis kunezinhlobo ezinjalo zama cherry Zhivitsa, Black Large, Coeren ne Fairy.
I-sawfly e-slimy cherry Kuvulekile kubonakala kungenasiphelo, kodwa ukulimala kungabangela kakhulu. Izimpungushe zalezi zinambuzane ezincane ezinamaphiko ezinamaphiko ama-cherry. Ama-Sawfly abesifazane alala amaqanda engxenyeni engezansi yamaqabunga, futhi ngemva kwezinsuku ezingu-10-14, izimpungushe zivela kubo.
Ungabalwa nabo ukukhululwa okujulile kwezwe elizungeze isitshalo kanye nokwelashwa kwesihlahla ngezinambuzane.
Aphid ibeka amaqanda ebusika emahlumela e-cherry, eduze nefihlekile.
Ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, izimpungushe ezivele ziqala ukondla ngamaqabunga amancane, futhi zingasheshe zibhubhise lesi sitshalo.
Ukulwa nama-aphid angasebenzisa ukuphalaza ngamalungiselelo akhethekile noma ukusebenzisa amakhambi abantu.
Lelixazululo lifakwe ehlathini ngaphambi nangemva kwezimbali. Ngenhlanhla, izinambuzane zivame ukuvakashelwa.
Izinhlobonhlobo eziphakade zama cherry ezikhathini zaseSoviet kwaba eyodwa of the most farmed. Wakhulela ngempumelelo epulazini elihlangene nasemasimini akhe. Futhi namuhla ovulekile unhle kufanelekile ukulima, futhi nge ukwelashwa okuvimbela ngesikhathi, ikhula kahle ezindaweni zasemadolobheni.
Izinzuzo ezihlukahlukene:
- isivuno esiphakeme kakhulu nesivamile;
- ubusika obunzima;
- ukubekezelelana kwesomiso;
- ukuzimela;
- ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu nomkhiqizo wamajikijolo.
Umthengi:
- ngezinye izikhathi kungathinteka yi-moniliasis ne-coccomycosis;
- amajikijolo avuthwe ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Isikhulu sihle izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuzikhukhumeza zama cherry, nezinzuzo eziningi.
Ngokuqinisekile uyobathanda abalimi be-amateur.
Buka ividiyo mayelana nesifo se-cherry coccomycosis nendlela yokuzibandakanya nayo.
