Yeka ukuthi ungabhubhisa imbali: ukulima i-gloxinia nokuyinakekela

I-Gloxinia yisitshalo se-genus Hesneriaceae; ukukhula ngaleyo mbali kuyindlela enhle kakhulu, lapho kungase kube khona ubunzima, ngoba kuyinkimbinkimbi yendawo egxile kuyo. Kodwa uma umnika ukunakekelwa okwanele, uyakwazi ukuhlobisa igumbi noma izimbali zakhe ezikhanyayo.

Kulesi sihloko uzofunda ngezici zesitshalo, ufunde ngezindlela ezahlukene zokukhiqiza, mayelana nemithetho yokunakekelwa, kanye nezifo ezihlukahlukene nezinambuzane ezithinta i-gloxinia ngokuqukethwe okungalungile.

Izici zesitshalo

Esinye sezici eziyinhloko zalesi sitshalo ukuzwela kwayo ekukhanyeni, okuthinta ngokuqondile izimo ezikhulayo. Amaqabunga amancane ase-gloxinia azoshiswa ngokushesha uma efakwe ilanga eliqondile. Ngakho-ke, ukukhanya okungcono kakhulu kokulima okuphumelelayo kwalesi simbali esingaphakathi - okufakelwayo noma okusabalalisa ngangokunokwenzeka.

Izindlela zokuzala

I-Gloxinia inezindlela ezinhlanu zokulima, futhi ngayinye yazo ingasetshenziswa kuphela ngesimo esithile sembali yasendlini kanye nesikhathi lapho kudingekile ukuba lesi sitshalo sithande. Ngakho-ke, ake sihlolisise izindlela zokuzalanisa imbali, kanye nayo yonke imithetho kanye nobuqili bezinqubo zokuzalanisa i-gloxinia.

Cuttings

Abasimili basebenzisa i-cuttings ye-gloxinia ngesikhathi kwakhiwa amafihledi, ngoba ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amaqabunga aluhlaza kuphela, ukusika okufinyelela ku-3 - 4 cm.

1. Kubalulekile ukuthi uhlukanise ngokucophelela iqabunga elivela esitshaleni nge-blade elibukhali noma izikhali bese ulibeka emasontweni angu-1 kuya kwangu-3 (izimpande zizovela ngalesi sikhathi) esitsheni esinamanzi okushisa ekamelweni.
2. Futhi emva kwalokhu kuphela, ifakwe kwithebhulethi elungiselelwe inhlabathi noma i-peat ngaphambili futhi ifakwe esikhwameni seplastiki ngezinyanga eziyi-1.5 - 2, isb. kuze kube khona amaqabunga amancane avela eqabeni.

Akudingekile ukuba manzi leli qabunga esikhwameni seplastiki, libeke endaweni ekhanyayo kakhulu ngaphansi kwelanga elihlakazekile.

Izingcezu zeLeaf

Uma uhlukanisa ishidi lonke le-gloxinia ezingxenyeni, ungathola izinqubo zezingane, kodwa izobe sezivele zingaphansi kancane kunendlela yokuqala.

1. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha iqabunga elikhulu kunazo zonke zesitshalo bese ulihlukanisa ngokuya emithanjeni ezinhlangothini eziningana nge-blade ebukhali, bese ubeka isiqephu ngasinye esitsheni esisodwa, lapho umhlabathi onomanzi ulungiselelwe kusengaphambili.
2. Leli qabunga lishintsha kancane emhlabathini, kanti abanye baphonswa ngokuqinile ngokumelene nalo.
3. Okulandelayo, isitsha sivaliwe nge-cellophane futhi sibeke endaweni ekhanyiswe ilanga elikhanyayo elikhanyayo.

Ukunisela nokushayela akukwenziwa, njll. ishidi lomama kufanele liphumule izinyanga ezimbili. Lapho nje amahlumela evela, iqabunga lomama eliphelile lingasuswa.

Ukuze uthole ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nokuqothulwa kweshidi le-gloxinia, funda kule ndaba, futhi nansi imiyalelo eningiliziwe kanye namathiphu wokuthi ungayenza kanjani ngokufanele.

Imbewu

Lena enye yezindlela ezilula zokuzalanisa ezikhiqizwa ekuqaleni kuka-Mashi, lapho i-gloxinia iqala ukuqhuma kwezimbali.

1. Inhlabathi lapho kuzobekwa khona imbewu ingaba i-calcined noma iphathwe ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate ukuyibulala.
2. Ngemuva kwalokho, imbewu yatshalwe endaweni engaphansi kwe-substrate ebangeni elifushane kusuka komunye nomunye futhi ivaliwe ngekhava elibonakalayo elincane noma i-cellophane ukudala i-mini-greenhouse.
3. Endaweni efudumele, kahle futhi efanelekile emavikini angu-1.5 kuya kwangu-2, amahlumela okuqala azovela.
4. Futhi emva kwezinyanga ezi-1 - 1.5, ihlumela ngalinye lingatshalwa embizeni ehlukile.

Imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana ne-gloxinia ekhulayo evela kumbewu ingatholakala kulesi sihloko.

Peduncle

Le ndlela cishe ifana namabili angaphambilini, futhi lisetshenziswe ngesikhathi sezimbali zomhlaba we-gloxinia.

1. Esigodini esigcwele ngamanzi ekamelweni lokushisa ngo-1 cm., I-peduncle, ehlukaniswe ngokucophelela nesitshalo, ifakwe, ubude obungafaneleki ngaphezu kuka-3-4 cm.
2. Ingilazi nayo igcwele i-cellophane noma ingilazi.
3. Ngokushesha nje lapho ihlumela lisuka ku-peduncle, futhi lokhu kuzokwenzeka kungakapheli inyanga eyodwa, bayobekwa emafotsheni ahlukene nge-substrate yezitshalo abadala.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokukhetha ibhodlela lapha.

Izilimo eziyizigaxa

Lapho ukuzalisa izilimo eziyizigaxa kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu, ngoba uma kwenzeka isenzo esisodwa esingalungile noma ukunyakaza, konke kungadalwa. Ukukhiqizwa kwenziwa ngokushesha emva kwesikhathi sokuphumula, lapho amahlumela evela kwi-tuber.

1. Ngommese okhukhumezekile ongenayo igciwane, i-tuber ihlukaniswe izingxenye ukuze ngamunye wabo abe nenhlanhla eyodwa enempilo.
2. Izindawo zokusika zicutshungulwa ngendwangu yamalahle, bese zihlwanyelwe ezitsheni ezihlukene, zibekwe endaweni efanelekile.
3. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukwenza ukuphuza nge-pallet ngamanzi amancane, ngoba ukuhlukanisa i-tuber kubangelwa umswakama okweqile kule substrate.

Ukutshala embizeni enkulu kwenziwa kuphela uma izimpande ezihlumekile zihambisana ne-clod yodaka, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuqala ukusebenzisa izinkomishi ezibonakalayo ezilahlwayo ukuze ubone le nqubo.

Indlela yokukhula nokugcina ukunakekelwa ekhaya?

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-gloxinia iyisitshalo esithandekayo esiseduze, futhi kudingeka uzame ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izimo ezithandekayo ekutshalweni kwazo zibhekwa ngokunembile ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ukukhanyisa

Esinye sezici eziqine kakhulu emkhakheni wezitshalo: ukungabi khona kokukhanya kuzobangela ukuba amaqabunga awo alulame, ngaleyo ndlela azame ukufinyelela ekukhanyeni futhi athathe isikhundla esiqondile, esingesiyo evamile; futhi ukukhanya ngokweqile kuyoholela ekuphuzizeni kwamaqabunga futhi ngokushesha uzokwenza.

Ukukhanya kufanele kuhlakazeke uma kungenjalo, amaqabunga azoshisa futhi athole ukubukeka okungathandeki.

Uma amaqabunga enemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma emnyama egcwele, izimbali ezisendlini ziqondiswa ngqo, bese ukukhanyisa kulungile.

Ukushisa nomswakama

Konke kulula kakhulu lapha, ngoba i-gloxinia "yazisa" ukuthi ayiyithandi into ethile: uma amaqabunga ayo ehla, isitshalo sibhekene nokubandayo futhi sidinga ukuchelela, kodwa uma sithatha isikhundla esifanayo, sibhekana nokushisa.

Ukushisa okungcono kakhulu kuyi-18 - 20 degrees. Awukwazi ukungena emthonjeni futhi ngaleyo ndlela uhambisa ngokuzithoba igumbi lokujwayelekile lomswakama. Kodwa ngokwemvelo ungabeki ukubekezelela ama-drafts.

Ukunisela

Ukunisela kuqhutshwa njalo kusuka phezulu noma nge-pallet. Into esemqoka yukuthi umswakama awuwa emagqabeni. Kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba kuya ekuqaleni kukaMashi, udinga ukuphuza kancane, kusukela esitshalweni kufika isikhathi sokuphumula. Ngaphambi kokuchelela, kudingeka uqiniseke ukuthi ungqimba oluphezulu lwesobumba selumile, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzodingeka umswakama obuningi, kulandelwe ukubola okusheshayo kwe-tuber kanye nokwehla kwamaqabunga. Akunakwenzeka futhi ukudlula i-gloxinia, ngaphandle kwalokho amaqabunga azoqala ukuphuzi futhi omile.

Umanyolo

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kukhishwa isikhathi esingu-1 ezinsukwini ezingu-10, ngesikhathi esifanayo amaminerali kanye namanyolo ehlukile. Lesi sitshalo asisetshenzisiwe ekupheleni kuka-Agasti futhi siqala ngoMashi kuphela, lapho siphapheme ngokugcwele, njll. ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuphumula.

Umhlaba

Akunandaba ukuthi usemncane noma uhlala isikhathi eside, Ukufakelwa kabusha nokulima kweGloxinia, ukwakhiwa kwe-substrate elandelayo kulungile:

1. I-Sodland - ihora eli-1
2. Umhlabathi ongahlelekile - amahora amabili
3. I-Humus - ihora eli-1
4. Isihlabathi esinamandla - ihora eli-1

Ukuze ufunde ukulungisa kahle umhlaba, funda lapha.

Izifo nezinambuzane

• I-Tuber ibolile. Enye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu ukubola kwe-tuber, futhi ukuze uyilungise, udinga ukuyikhipha emhlabathini, ugeze, usike izindawo ezithintekile ngommese ohlambulukile, owufafaze ngamacucla amalahle, uwubambe emoyeni usuku olomile, uphinde ulufake ngaphansi kwe-substrate entsha.
• Amabala aluhlaza ne-gray patff fluffy. Lezi zinguquko emaqabunga, isitshalo sikhuluma ngokubola okwesibhakabhaka, okungasuswa ngokusika amaqabunga afikelwe igciwane bese uphefa isitshalo izikhathi eziningana ngezinsuku ezingu-7 nge-oxyfine, i-chloroxide yethusi noma i-cuproxate.
• Ukuboleka kwe-Budding. Ukuguqula kungabangelwa ukuchelela ngokweqile noma isisekelo esincane se-acidic, esikhundleni salokho, ungakwazi ukusindisa ngokushesha i-gloxinia efihlekile. Imininingwane eminingi mayelana nezinkinga ezinamafihlekile ingatholakala lapha.
• Isibungu esakhiwe esimhlophe emaceleni. Imfundo isifo esibi sekwephuzile, okuyinto isifo esiyingozi kunazo zonke esibangelwa umhlabathi owomile, lapho kunomswakama osindayo, izinguquko ezishisayo ngokushisa kanye nomswakama ophezulu kakhulu.

  Akunakwenzeka ukuphulukisa ukulimala kwekwephuzile, kungenziwa kuphela ukupompa ngezikhathi ezinjalo njenge-kuprozan, zineb, i-polymarcin, i-captan. Lesi sifo sibonakala njalo ngezikhathi eziningi.

• Izibungu ezincane ezimhlophe emaqabunga kanye nesitshalo sesitshalo. Lezi zibonakaliso ziwumphumela wokuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane ze-thrips. Ukuziqeda kuzosiza ukuhlukanisa isitshalo ukuvikela abanye, futhi ukwelashwa kwayo kunoma yikuphi ukubulala izidakamizwa.

Ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nezifo zeqabunga le-gloxinia lungatholakala lapha, nezinye izifo ezivamile, izinambuzane zezitshalo kanye nezindlela zokwelashwa zihlanganisiwe kule ndaba.

Isiphetho

I-gloxinia ekhulayo iyinkqubo enzima kakhulu edinga ukubekezela okukhulu. Kodwa ukuhlinzekwa kwezimo ezihle kuyokuvuza ngokubukeka kokubukeka kwalesi sihlahla, kodwa kungenjalo kuyogula futhi ufe uma ungathathi izinyathelo ezithile ngesikhathi.