I-Cherry iyisiko esidala kakhulu, esivamile kakhulu nesithandekayo sabalimi. Namuhla, sekukhona izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-200 zama cherry, ezihluke kakhulu komunye nomunye ekubukeni nasekuthandeni kwazo.
Zonke lezi zinhlobo zihlukaniswe zibe izinhlobo ezimbili: umuthi nesihlahla.
Spray cherry ahlukile usayizi omncane kanye nokumelana kwamaqhwakodwa ungahlali isikhathi eside cishe eminyakeni engu-15-17 ubudala.
Izinhlobo zemithi - lezi zihlahla ezide, hhayi okubandayo kakhulu, kodwa ehlala njaloukuphila kwabo iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30. Lezi zinhlobo zemithi zithandwa kakhulu kubantu. cherry shubinka noma Shubinsky. Incazelo yokuhlukahluka - okuqhubekayo kulesi sihloko.
Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Cherry I-Shubinka iyizinhlobo zabantu abadala.
Ngokusho kwezinga lokusabalalisa i-Shubinka kufakwe okwesibili ngemuva I-cherry kaVladimir.
Lezi zihlukahlukene zivele Esifundazweni saseMoscow emuva ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 futhi ngokushesha usakaze kwezinye izindawo.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zaseMoscow zalapha okwenziwe ngo-1959 eNyakatho-West, ezindaweni eziphakathi kweRussia nasesifundazweni saseVolga.
Ngesikhathi esifushane, i-cherry Shubinka yanda kulo lonke i-USSR.
Namhlanje lezi zihlukahlukene zingatholakala I-Belarus, i-Ukraine, iMoldova namazwe aseBaltic.
Nakuba, ngenxa yokuzaliswa kwezinhlobo ezintsha, ezinamandla kakhulu, iShubinka yayingasetshenziselwa izithelo zezimboni ezikhulayo futhi ezingavamile ukutshala ezindivini ezincane.
UVolochaevka, Molodezhnaya noTamaris bahlonywe ngempumelelo esifundeni esiPhakathi.
Ukubonakala kwengubo ye-cherry
Cabanga ngokwehlukana ukubonakala komuthi wesithelo nezithelo ngokwabo.
Isihlahla
Umuthi eShubinka ubude, ngaphezu kwamamitha amane, nge-pyramidal ehlabayo, hhayi umqhele okhulu kakhulu.
Amahlumela amancane, alula kakhulu, ane-tint eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuqhakaza okumpunga. Amagatsha amakhulu aqinile, anombala omnyama.
Amaqabunga ahlaza, amnyama, aphakathi nendawo, i-oval, enezingqimba ezibukhali nesisekelo, namazinyo amahle emaphethelweni.
Izimbali zimhlophe, zincane, zikhula ezinxenyeni eziningana ku-inflorescence.
Amapetali aphikisiwe ngokukhululekile, ahlanganiswe emaphethelweni.
Izithelo
Amajikijolo amancane, ngezinye izikhathi aphakathi, anesisindo esingu-2.2-2.6 amagremu, nxazonke, nge-seam lateral flat, obomvu obomvu noma i-burgundy. Inyama iyaguqulwa, imnyama, iphunga kanye namanzi, kepha imuncu kakhulu, i-astringent, hhayi ukunambitheka okumnandi kakhulu.
Izithelo ezithandekayo futhi ezinomsoco zinayo iN Fairy, Black Big kanye Nezingane.
Itshe lincane, lizungeze, lihlukanise kabi no-pulp. Izithelo ziqinile ngesitshalo eside, esincanyana, ngakho-ke aziqhubeki uma zithe xaxa.
Isithombe
Izinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene
Shubinka - ezihlukahlukene zokuvuthwa okuphakathi kwesikhathi noma okuphakathi. Ungavuna kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti kuya ngasekupheleni kuka-September.
Izithelo le cherry iqala ekuseni kakhulu, Eminyakeni 4-5 emva kokufika. Isivuno sesilinganiso somuthi omdala ngamunye 18-25 kg.
Shubinka - ngokuzikhethela kancane. I-pollinator engcono kakhulu kuyo kuyoba izinhlobo: Lyubskaya, Black Shipport, Vladimirskaya, Moscow Griot, Sayka.
Ukuze isivuno esiphezulu, kuhle ukutshala endaweni efanayo neShubinkaizinhlobo ezingaphansi kwezintathu zokuvuna.
Ubusika obunzima be-cherry bukhulu kakhulu.. Akubekezeli nje kuphela amaqhwa ebusika obukhulu, kodwa futhi iyakubhebhezela amaqhwa.
Ubusika-obuqinile kukhona izinhlobo Volochaevka, Morozovka futhi ophanayo.
Nokho ekunciphiseni t kuya ku-34-35 ะก, ingafisa kancane efihlekile namahlumela amancane. Ngakho-ke Izihlahla ezincane kufanele zimbozwe ebusika.
Ukukhethwa okulungile kokusungulwa kwesayithi kanye nokudla ngesikhathi esifanele nokucubungula izinkuni, kungakhuphula kakhulu ukuqina kwayo kweqhwa.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Ukuze i-Shubinka ifaneleke kahle Indawo ekhanyayo futhi efudumele ene-sandy elula ehamba noma ehambaisibonelo eduze nodonga lwendlu noma eduze kocingo. Kubalulekile ukugcina ibanga lokungenani li-7-8 m ukusuka kubo.
Kuzo izimo zokukhula kuhlushwa, kodwa ku Izindawo eziphansi ezibandayo nezibandayo ngeke zikhule.
Uma endaweni ekhethiwe amanzi angaphansi komhlaba aphezulu kunama-2-2.5 m, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuba wenze ngokucophelela intaba ephakeme yodaka bese uhlwanyela isihlahla kuwo.
Lungisa umhlabathi esakhiweni ekwindla, futhi ukufika kungenzeka kuphela entwasahlobolapho umhlaba ushushu, kodwa amaqabunga angakabikho.
Indawo ekhethiwe ifakwe kahle, khetha wonke ukhula bese wengeza umanyolo: 1-1.5 amabhakede wezingulube noma umquba, isigamu inkomishi ye-superphosphate nama-50 amagremu. i-potassium sulfate ngayinye imitha yendawo m
Uma inhlabathi iyasebenza, cishe izinyanga ezingu-1-2 ngaphambi kokufaka umanyolo, i-lime. Okufanelekile ngalokhu i-lime-pushonka (i-400 gr. nge-sq. m.). Ngemuva kokulungiselela umhlabathi, ungakwazi ukumba imigodi yokufika. Zibuye zilungiselelwe ekwindla.
Okulungile ukujula imigodi - 50-60 cm, futhi ububanzi - cishe 1 m.
Kudingeka ukumba imigodi eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa: izinwele zoboya nama-pollinator. Ibanga phakathi kwabo kufanele libe angaphezu kuka-3 m.
I-peg, i-1.2-1.5 m high, iqhutshelwa phansi emgodini oqediwe futhi uhlaka oluncane lwamanzi lubekiwe (mhlawumbe luvela emagatsheni amakhulu namagxolo). Bese kugcwele isitha sokupheka.
Ngalokhu ungathatha 4-5 amabhakede omquba omquba, ibhakede lokhuni lomlotha, amabhakede ama-0.5 omquba omusha wamahhashi futhi uhlanganise kahle isamba esincane sezingqimba zomhlaba.
Enye indlela: 2 amabhakede omquba omquba, hlanganisa ne-potassium sulfate (80-90 gr.), Ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlabathi bese wengeza i-pound of superphosphate.
Ukuhlwanyela ukhethe isithombo esinamandla seminyaka emibili: 2-3 cm ububanzi, isikhathi eside hhayi ngaphansi kuka 50-60 cm kanye namagatsha amakhulu hhayi mfushane kuka 40 cm.
Ufakwa emgodini, ungcwatshwe ngokucophelela, uboshwe ngokukhululekile emgodleni bese uphonswa phansi.
Emkhatsini wemithi yenza umgodi ojulile futhi uthele kuwo. angaphansi kuka 3-4 amabhakede amanzi ashisayo. Ngemuva kwalokho, imbobo iyadingeka I-humch humus eyomile.
Kubalulekile ukuthi ungagcini intamo yentambo. Kufanele ahlale ekuphakameni kwama-5-6 cm ngaphezulu kwezinga lomhlabathi. Ngemuva kokusizwa kwenhlabathi kungase kube nokufafaza kancane kwenhlabathi.
Ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, lesi sihlahla asihloliswanga. Yenza i-weeding ejwayelekile, ukuphuza nokukhululeka. Nisela amanzi njengoba inhlabathi iyoma.
Esikhathini esomile neshisayo - izikhathi 3-4 ngenyanga. Esinye isitshalo sithelwa hhayi amabhakede angaphansi kuka 4-5 amanzi. Ebusika, isiqu somuthi sishisa kahle.
Lapho kuqala ukuhluma - ukwanda komanyolo. Eyokuqala yenziwa entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokusila. Ungasebenzisa isisombululo se potassium sulfate ne-urea.
Ukugqoka kwesibili kwenziwa ekuqaleni kokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo (nitrophoska).
Isithathu - emva kokukhipha amajikijolo (phosphorus ne-potassium). Ngaphansi kokumba ekwindla, ungenza umanyolo ophilayo. Njalo eminyakeni engama-4-5 inhlabathi yilama.
Isihlahla sokuqala sezithombo esenziwa ngesikhathi sokutshala. Shiya 6-8 emagatsheni amakhulu kunawo wonke bese unciphisa isikhala kancane.
Ukwenza ukudubula ukusetshenziswa kwe-Shubinki ngonyaka, entwasahlobo, phakathi neminyaka yokuqala 4-5, ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kokugcina komqhele.
Ngalesi sikhathi ngomuthi kufanele kube namagatsha amakhulu amakhulu angu-7-8.
Amahlumela wonyaka asinciphisa, ashiya akukho ngaphezu kuka-40-50 cm
Ukuqaphela okukhethekile kufanele kuhokhwe ekususweni okufika ngesikhathi kwezimpande ezimpande, ukusika ngokweqile, ukuhluma komqhele kanye nokusika izihlamvu ezindala nezigulayo. Yenza inqubo enjalo minyaka yonke, entwasahlobo.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Naphezu kokuqina kwayo okulula nokubusika, i-Fur coat ihle ngokuvamile ethinteka yi-coccomycosis futhi ngezinye izikhathi kungahlaselwa ubalekele inundu. Indlela yokuvikela umuthi kulezi zinkinga?
I-Coccomycosis ebangelwa i-fungusokuthinta amaqabunga e-cherry. Uma lesi sifo siqala, amajikijolo angase ahlupheke. Uma usulelekile, amachashazi amancane abomvu avela ohlangothini oluphezulu lwamacembe.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zikhula futhi zimboze wonke amaqabunga, futhi engxenyeni engezansi yeqabunga i-bloom pinkish yama-mushroom spores yakhiwa.
Amaqabunga anjalo asomile masinyane futhi awe phansi. Isihlahla sinciphisa, siyeka ukukhula, siba mncane kakhulu emanzini futhi singase sife.
I-fungus overwinters emaqabungeni omdala awile, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi minyaka yonke ufeze ukuhlanza okuphelele futhi ukhululeke esihlahleni somuthi. Wonke amaqabunga kumele asheswe futhi atshiswe.
Ekulweni ne-coccomycosis, ukwelashwa kwentwasahlobo nge-3% ye-Bordeaux ingxube noma i-urea isisombululo kusiza kahle. Ekupheleni kwezimbali kungasetshenziswa ithusi le-oxychloride.
Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezingahambisani ne-coccomycosis, umuntu kufanele anake i-Tsarevna Felt, i-Podbelskaya, i-Ashinskaya Steppe ne-Zhivitsa.
Escape mole udla amaqabunga, amaqabunga amancane, amaqabunga kanye namaqabunga e-cherry. Amacimbi ale pupate enundu emhlabathini ngaphansi komuthi futhi ekuqaleni kwehlobo aphenduka ama-butterflies.
Ungakwazi ukulwa nezinkuni ngokuphathwa kwezinkuni ngezinambuzane, kanye nokumba nokukhulula inhlabathi.
Izinhlobonhlobo zakudala, ezihlolwe isikhathi eside ze-Shubinka zithathelwe indawo ngezinhlobo eziningi ezincane nezethembisayo, ezinezithelo ezinhle kakhulu futhi ezihlwabusayo, isivuno esikhulu kanye nokumelene nezifo. Ezindaweni zezitshalo zezimboni, lezi zihlukahlukene azange zikhule isikhathi eside.
Izinzuzo zezinhlobonhlobo zingaqaphela:
- ubumnandi obumnandi obusika kakhulu;
- ukuzithandela ngokwengxenye;
- isivuno esihle.
Izinkinga zihlanganisa:
- amajikijolo amuncu;
- ukumelana ngokulinganisela ku-coccomycosis.
Kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, uShubinka akalahlekelwa ukuthandwa.
I-Shubinki amajikijolo enza ama-jams amahle futhi agcine, futhi angatholakala emasimini amadala nasendaweni ye-suburban yesifunda saseMoscow.
Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezidumile nezingenakuzithoba zimelela ama-Cherry Vianok, iDessert Morozova neLebedyanskaya.
