Abalimi bama-amateur bancane amathuba okutshala izihlahla ze-cherry ezikhungweni zabo zasehlobo, abakhetha ama cherry ngenxa yokungathobeki kwabo nokuveza kwabo.
Kodwa maduzane, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-150 ezintsha, ezithakazelisayo nezikhiqizayo zama cherry zivele. Enye yalezi zinhlobonhlobo Umnyama omnyama.
Kunomsebenzi ofanele wokunakekelwa kanye nenani elincane lezinselele futhi lifanelekile ukukhula egcekeni layo. Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Cherry Black Large - esinye sezikhulu ezinkulu kakhulu, nge ukunambitheka okuhle kakhulu, incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo ibuye kulesi sihloko.
Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo eziphawulekayo zitholakale ngenxa yokuwela izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo ze-cherry. Zhukovskaya futhi Umthengi omnyama.
Umfuyi wezitshalo zeRossoshanskaya, u-A. Ya. Voronchikhin, wayezibandakanya ekuzaliseni.
Ngo-2000, i-Black Large yenzelwe ngokusho kwayo Isifunda saseNyakatho Caucasus seRussia Federation. Iphinde yande kuwo Volgograd, Voronezh, eRostov naseBelgorod. Okungenani izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-Cherry Black Large zingatholakala I-Belarus ne-Ukraine.
Izinhlobo ezifana neVavilov Memorial, Novella, Nadezhda noMorozovka nazo zizizwa zihle kakhulu kulezi zindawo.
Ukubonakala kwe-cherry Black enkulu
Cabanga ngokwehlukana ukubonakala komuthi wesithelo nezithelo zawo.
Isihlahla
Okumnyama Okumnyama ephansi, cishe ngo-3-4 m, nekhanda elimnyama elisabalalisa i-pyramidal. Amagxolo ayimpunga, amnyama, asemagqumeni kancane, angaboni. Amahlumela ahlala isikhathi eside, ubukhulu obuphakathi, eqondile, nama-internodes amakhulu.
Bark emahlumela amancane ahlaza okwesibhakabhakeni, uma uneminyaka yobudala iba ngumbala omnyama, onesiliva ngesiliva. Ama-lentils awashicileli, abomvu, angatholakali.
Izinso kunalokho okukhulu, i-oval, nge-tip ebukhali, hhayi eduze kwamahlumela.
Amahlamvu inkulu, ende, i-oval in shape, ene-top elibukhali, iluhlaza obumnyama, icwebezelisayo, ngamazinyo amancane kakhulu emaphethelweni, ngaphandle kwemigqa.
I-scape iyinkimbinkimbi, isikhathi eside, hhayi i-pubescent.
Izimbali ikhulu kakhulu, ikhule ngo-3, ngezinye izikhathi izingcezu ezimbili nge-inflorescence ngayinye. Amapetali avulekile, amhlophe, amnyama ekugcineni kwezimbali.
Izithelo
Amajikijolo alezi ezihlukahlukene kakhulu kakhulu, enesisindo esingama-5-7 amagremu, ejikelezayo, ehlelwe ngokujulile kusuka ezinhlangothini, engahlali egazini. Isikhumba sincane kakhulu, sibumnyama kakhulu, cishe omnyama.
Inyama inomusa futhi ihlanzekile, imvu ebomvu, elimnandi ngokumunuka okungabonakali, I-sweet dessert ukunambitheka kakhulu. Itshe lincane, lihlukaniswe kahle.
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo akuzona impova eyedwa, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukutshala eceleni kwezinhlobo ezinjengalezi: Okumangalisayo, i-Kent, iTurgenevka, i-Griot Ostheims, i-Zhukovskaya, i-Rossoshanskaya omnyama.
Isithombe
Izinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zezinhlobo ezimnyama ezinkulu zihlanganisa ukuqala kokuqala kwefruiting. Isivuno sokuqala singaqoqwa kakade 3-4 eminyakeni emva kokufika.
I-Black Big Cherry yiyona ezihlukahlukene ezihlukahlukene zakudala kanye nenkathi yokuphuza ephuzile.
Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Cherries Black Large zinomkhiqizo omuhle futhi unembile. Kusukela komunye osemncane Umuthi oneminyaka engu-6-8 ingaqoqwa cishe ngama-15-25 kg amajikijolo.
Izitshalo eziphakeme nazo ziboniswa yi-Uralskaya Rubinovaya, ePamatiati Yenikeeva, eTurgenevka, ePodbelskaya.
Kodwa-ke, izihlahla zaseBlack Major zihlala isikhathi esifushane, cishe eminyakeni engu-15-17 ubudalafuthi ngokudala kuyisici sabo ukwehla okubukhali ekuvuneni.
Ukuphikiswa kwesithwathwa kwezinhlobonhlobo kuphezulu kakhulu. Igcina ukwehla ku-to32-34ะก ngaphandle kwemonakalo okhethekile ezitshalweni zezithelo.
Owomusa, u-Chocolate Girl, Shubinka noVladimirskaya nabo bayokujabulisa futhi ngokunamathela kwenyoka.
Umnyama omnyama - izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zenhlobonhlobo. Kufanelekile kokubili ukucubungula, nokusetshenziswa okusha. Ingagcinwa mayelana Izinyanga ezingu-1-2 efrijini. Iyafaneleka ngokukhishwa okusheshayo.
Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu ezihlukahlukene eziMnyama ezinkulu ukungazinzi kwezifo zamakhowe. Ngokuvamile, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezimanzi nezibandayo, kuthinteka moniliozom, kancane kancane - coccomycosis.
Ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Naphezu kobudisi obusika obusika, kungcono ukufika ku-Black enkulu kahle, efudumele futhi evikelwe endaweni enyakatho yomoya.
Ukutshala kwenziwa kuphela entwasahlobo, ngaphambi kokuphuza.
Ngoba lokhu kuhluka kuyafaneleka isihlabathi esilula noma se-loamy. Lungise kusengaphambili: ukumba okungacacile kanye ne-lime.
Ngemva kwesonto, ama-fertilizer asetshenziswayo, cishe 10-15 kg of compost noma humus nge 1 sq. M.
Cishe kufanele utshale okungenani izinhlobo ezintathu ezihlukene ze-pollinator. Uhlelo lokuhamba: 2.5 * 2 m.Izimbobo zokufika zilungiswe ekwindla. Kufanele babe 50-60 cm ejulile futhi cishe u-100 cm ububanzi. Phakathi nendawo kufanele kuqiniswe isikhonkwane se-garter ye-sapling.
Emgodini kufakwa inhlanganisela yenhlabathi ephezulu, 10-15 kg we-humus, 0.4 kg we-superphosphate kanye no-0.5 kg we-ash futhi wabeka umuthi.
Lapho ukutshala kufanele kuhlolwe intamo yempande yayitholakala ngo-6-7 cm ngaphezu kwenhlabathi. Ukufika endaweni ngokungcwatshwa ngokucophelela futhi kukhishwe.
Emhlabathini we-seedling wenza umgodi ojulile wokunisela. Bese ungena kuwo Ama-10-15 amalitha amanzi adluliselwa ngaphakathi futhi ahlanganiswe nomquba omile. Ukutshala ngokuzibophezela kuboshwe isikhonkwane "eziyisishiyagalombili".
Eminyakeni yokuqala engu-2-3 yokuphila Ukunakekelwa komuthi kuyoba khona ukuchelela okufika ngesikhathi, ukuhluma nokususa umhlabathi. Ngemuva kokuphuza umhlabathi omanzi Qinisekisa ukuthi u-mulch nge ungqimba obukhulu lwe-Peat noma i-humus eyomile.
Khipha inhlabathi okungenani izikhathi ezintathu ngonyaka ngamunye, ekujuleni okungaba ngu-7-8 cm, ukuze kungalimazi izimpande zesitshalo.
Izitshalo ziqala lapho umuthi uqala ukuthwala izithelo zokuqala.
Umquba noma ama-humus anikela okungaphezu kwesisodwa njalo eminyakeni emibilikanye namaminerali amaminerali - kabili ngonyaka.
Ekwindla, ngaphansi kokumba, engeza kahle i-phosphorus ne-potassium, futhi entwasahlobo-nitrogen. Ngesinye isikhathi eminyakeni emihlanu inhlabathi ingaphezu kweqhwa ufulawa wama dolorite noma umlotha.
Izihlahla ze-fruiting ziphuziswa kanye ngonyaka, ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamajikijolo, ama-2-3 amabhakede amanzi esitshalo ngasinye. Izihlahla ezincane - kaningi. Emile futhi eshisayo i-cherry sezulu wanisela izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ngenyanga.
Masinyane emva kokutshala izithombo zichithe izihlahla zokuqala. Cishe ngo-7-8 emagatsheni amakhulu kunazo zonke futhi aqina kunazo zonke umqhele oyokwenziwa wona asele esihlahleni.
Ukutshala izihlahla kufanele kwenziwe entwasahlobo, inyanga ngaphambi kokuba ihlumela liqale ukuvuvukala. Ukuhlukahluka Okumnyama Okumnyama akubekezeli umqhele oqinile, ngakho-ke wonke amagatsha, anamahlumela ngaphezu kuka-40 cm, kumele ancishiswe.
Futhi ususe wonke amagatsha akhula phakathi komqhele. Kumuthi omdala kufanele uhlale amahlamvu angaphezu kuka-10 amakhulu ama-squelette.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokuhambisana nemithetho yokusika izihlahla, ungakwazi ukunciphisa kakhulu ingozi ye-incidental tree moniliosis.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Ukulimala okuphawulekayo kwe-Black Big Cherry kuwumkhuba wokuthinteka yizifo ezinjalo ezingathandekayo zezifo i-coccomicosis ne-moniliasis.
Ukuhlupheka kusuka ku-coccomicosis ngokuyinhloko kushiya, kancane kancane - amajikijolo.
Izimpawu zokuqala zokubonakala kwakhe ziyi amachashazi amancane ensundu ohlangothini oluphezulu lweshidi.
Kamuva amachashazi akhula, futhi ingxenye engezansi yamaqabunga ihlanganiswe nokuqhakaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amaqabunga amagciwane asomile masinyane bese ewa. Amajikijolo abathintekile ahlukumezekile futhi aphenduke amnyama.
Ukuze ususe i-coccomicosis, amagatsha ashintshiwe asuswe futhi izigaba ziphathwa ngoshukela nethusi le-sulphate. Wonke amaqabunga awile asusiwe futhi ashiswa. Okungenani izikhathi ezimbili ngonyaka, izinkuni ziphathwa nge-3% ye-Bordeaux ingxube.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinganekwane, uTamaris, Tsarevna nase-Ashinskaya ziphikisana ne-coccomycosis.
Ingozi enkulu kunawo wonke ku-cherries monilioz Isitshalo sonke sibhekene nayo: amaqabunga, amahlumela, amagatsha namajikijolo. Okuhle kunazo zonke, lesi sifo siqala esimweni esibandayo nesimanzi.
Amahlamvu okuqala ashintshiwe: izindawo ezincane ezibomvu zivela kuzo, ezikhula, zifana nokushisa okukhulu. Khona-ke lesi sifo sigijimela esiqwini futhi sishaya, kamuva - amajikijolo. Uma isikhathi singaqali ukwelashwa, umuthi ungafa.
Ukuze silwe ne-moniliosis, kusetshenziselwa ukuxubusha nge-Bordeaux ingxube noma ithusi le-sulfate.
Kubalulekile ukususa zonke izingxenye ezigulayo zesitshalo, ususe amaqabunga awile, unqume amagxolo abathintekayo esitokisini futhi ushise ngokushesha.
I-Cherry Black Large ayifani kakhulu emasimini amancane. Futhi ekutshalweni kwezimboni cishe akusetshenziswanga nhlobo.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko ezihlukahlukene zihlanganisa:
- usayizi omncane wesihlahla;
- ukuqala kokuqala kwefruiting;
- amahle amajikijolo amakhulu kakhulu, enambitheka kakhulu enhle.
Phakathi kweziphambeko zingabonakala:
- impilo emfushane yomuthi;
- amandla okunqoba i-coccomycosis ne-moniliasis.
Kodwa ngokucophelela, ukucubungula ngesikhathi esifanele nokusika izihlahla ezifanele, ingozi yezifo ingancishiswa kakhulu, bese i-Black Cherry enkulu izohlobisa isakhiwo sensimu.
