ICampsis ingumvini omuhle okhula ngokushesha womndeni wakwaBignonius. Izitshalo zasekhaya eNyakatho Melika neChina. EYurophu, ibisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa izingadi kusukela ngekhulu le-17. Ezindongeni noma ezicijile, amakampasi akha amathokheni aminyene anamahlumela aqhakaza, ambozwe ngemibala emikhulu futhi ekhanyayo. U-Liana usinda ngokuphelele emhlabathini ovulekile wezifunda zaseningizimu kanye neRussia maphakathi. Ngokudumile, yaziwa nangokuthi i-tekoma. Njengoba eseyazi kahle imithetho yokunakekelwa elula, noma yimuphi umlimi angakwazi ukufeza izimbali kalula futhi aqinisekise ukukhula kobuhle obuhle.
Incazelo yeBotanical
I-Campsis ikhula ngendlela ekhula ngokushesha futhi enesiqalo esine-rhizome ethuthukisiwe. Izimpande azisabalali nje kuphela ezweni, kepha futhi zihlala insimu enkulu. Ukukhula okusha kungavela buqamama ngamamitha ambalwa ukusuka ezitokisini eziphambili.
Amahlumela amasha anamagxolo aluhlaza abushelelezi. Njengoba bekhula, baba nesizungu futhi babe nombala onsundu. Ema-internode kunezimpande zasemoyeni kanye neqabunga lamaqabunga aphikisanayo ku-petioles ende. I-petiole ngayinye ithwala amapuleti amaqabunga e-oval noma ama-ovate amaqabunga. Imiphetho enamazinyo iyahlukahluka emaqabungeni. Ingxenye yangaphambili isicwebezelisiwe, futhi i-reverse ine-pubescence encane emithanjeni eyinhloko.
Ama-inflorescence amaningi aqhakaza amahlumela ehlobo lonke. I-peduncle ngayinye ithwala izimbali ezibomvu ezi-2-8 ezinobubanzi obufika ku-8 cm. I-corolla iqukethe amacembe amahlanu ahlanganiswe phansi ngemiphetho egobile. Zipendiwe ngombala opinki, o-orenji, owenziwe okusajingijolo noma umbala wegolide.
Ngemuva kokuvundiswa emvinini, kuvuthwe izinhlamvu ezinzima ku-8-10 cm ubude.Izinhlamvu ezincane, ezinobumba onsundu ezimnyama zifihle epanini le-bivalve. Isithelo esivuthiwe ngokugcwele sivula ngokuzimela futhi umoya usakaza kalula imbewu emabangeni amade.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zamakhampasi
Izinhlobo ezimbalwa zamakhambi zifaka izinhlobo ezintathu kuphela ezi-3 nezinhlobonhlobo zokuhlobisa.
Okuvame kakhulu amakampasi agxilile. I-Liana enezimpande ezinde (7-9 m) ingakha izimpande ezinamandla kuma-internode futhi inamathele kunoma yikuphi okuphezulu. I-petiole ngayinye iqukethe amaqabunga amaqabunga angu-9-9 ane-pubescence engathandeki ohlangothini oluhle. Izimbali ezingama-Tubular zifinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha ayi-6. Aqoqwe kuma-inflorescence e-carpal phezulu kwesihlumela. Ishubhu elikhanyayo lewolintshi liphenduka ilunga elibomvu emaphethelweni ezinsimbi. Lesi sitshalo sithanda isimo sezulu esifudumele, kepha siyakwazi ukumelana namaqhwa wesikhashana esifushane aze afike ku-20 ° C.
Izinhlobo ezidumile:
- IFlamenco - imivini efinyelela ku-5 m ubude ngoJulayi-Okthoba imbozwe ngama-inflorescences abomvu akhanyayo;
- UFlava - amaqabunga aphuzi aphuzi aqhakaza emvinini ngoJulayi-Septhemba;
- Ukuqala - blooms ekuqaleni kukaJuni ngezimbali ezinkulu ze-hue ebomvu ecebile.
ICampsis inezimbali ezinkulu (Chinese). I-liana eguqukayo ngaphandle kwezimpande ze-aires izungeza ukusekelwa ngezinqubo ezincane. Kuma-petioles 7-9 cirrus ashiya cishe ama-6 cm. I-pubescence kulolu hlaka alukho ngokuphelele. Izimbali ezineshubhu emincane ngobude zingamasentimitha ayi-8. Zidwezwe ngawolintshi ovuthayo. Amahlumela alinganise kakhudlwana ngosayizi futhi ajwayele ukuthatha isimo sesihlahla esisakazayo. Isitshalo sithanda okuqukethwe okufudumele, kepha kungabekezelela ama-frames wesikhashana esifushane aze afike ku-18 ° C.
I-Campsis yi-hybrid. Izinhlobonhlobo ezincane zezimbali ezinkulu nemivini eguquguqukayo 4-6 m ubude.Uhlukaniswa ukumelana okuhle kwesithwathwa nokuhlobisa okuphezulu. Izinhlobonhlobo ezidumile "uMadame Galen" siyisihlahla esivuthayo esinezimbali ezinkulu ezibomvu ze-orange.
Izindlela zokuzala
Ukusakazeka kwe-Campsis kungenziwa ngezindlela zezitshalo nezitshalo. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa kuqala kuzithombo. Azidingi ukucutshungulwa okwengeziwe noma ukuhlehliswa. Kwanele ekuqaleni kukaMashi ukusabalalisa imbewu emabhokisini enenhlabathi evundile nevundile ekujuleni kuka-5 mm. Imbiza igcinwa emazingeni okushisa angaba ngu- + 25 ° C futhi ivame ukuthambisa umhlaba ngezikhathi ezithile. Amahlumela avela ezinsukwini ezingama-20-25. Lapho amaqabunga eqiniso angama-5-6 ekhula emvinini osemncane, ungadluliselwa endaweni ehlala njalo. Okubi ngale ndlela yokusabalalisa ukuthi izithombo ziyaqhakaza kuphela iminyaka engama-7-8 ngemuva kokutshala, kanti nezimfanelo ezihlukahlukayo azizuzwa njengezakhi.
Ukusakazwa kwemifino kukuvumela ukuthi uthole ngokushesha umdwebo ovuthayo wezimbali ngezibonakaliso zesitshalo somama. Ngaye, kusetshenziswa izingxenye ezilandelayo ze-creeper:
- Izimbumbulu. Engxenyeni yokuqala yehlobo, amahlumela aphakathi ngaphandle kwama-buds asikiwe. Kuyadingeka ukuthatha ingxenye enamaqabunga ama-2-3, ipuleti leqabunga linqunywa ku-2/3. Izithombo ezicijile enhlabathini yesihlabathi se-peat endaweni engela ka-45 °. Inhlabathi eduzane nesitshalo iyalandiswa futhi iniselwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Izimpande ezisebenzayo zivela kungakapheli nenyanga kuma-90% we-cutways.
- Ukukhula kwezimpande. Izinqubo ze-Root zivame ukuvela esihlahleni. Ngisho ngokushesha, kwakheka lapho i-rhizome ilimele, ngakho-ke ngemuva kokumba umhlaba eduze namakamu, kwakheka amahlumela amaningi. Sevele enezimpande ezizimele. Kwanele ukusimba ngokucophelela lesi sitshalo ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo noma ekwindla sekwephuzile bese usifaka endaweni entsha.
- Ukubekwa. Ngo-Ephreli-Meyi, kuyadingeka ukuchoboza phansi ihlandla lokudutshulwa kwamakhampasi kube phansi. Isizini yonke, inhlabathi eseduze kwawo iyathukululwa futhi iniselwe. Ngentwasahlobo elandelayo, izingqimba zizoba ne-rhizome ezimele. Ihlukaniswe, isiliphu siphathwa ngamalahle achotshoziwe bese sidluliselwa endaweni engapheli.
Imithetho Yokunakekela
I-Campsis ibonakala ngokusinda okuphezulu nokungathobeki. Njengokhula lukhula ngenkuthalo futhi lunikeze inzalo. Kodwa-ke, ukuze kufinyelelwe ukuqhakaza okukhulu kwezimbali, imithetho eminingana yokunakekela kufanele ibonwe.
Isibani Ukukhula okusebenzayo nokwakheka kwe-bud, amakampasi adinga ukukhanya okuningi. Kungcono ukhethe izindawo ezivulekile zayo. Ngisho nasekushiseni okukhulu, ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo ngeke kudale ukushiswa.
Ukushisa I-liana izizwa kahle ezindaweni ezifudumele zaseningizimu. Emgqeni ophakathi nendawo, amahlumela awakhuli ngentshiseko, futhi ebusika azodinga indawo yokukhosela. Kungcono ukhethe indawo evikelekile kokungalungiswa kokutshala.
Ubusika. Izimpande zamakamu zimbozwe nge-lapnik, amaqabunga awile kanye sawdust. Uma imivini ingasuswa ekusekelweni futhi icindezelwe phansi, imbozwe ngento efanayo nezimpande. I-Liana kwizisekeli ifakwe nge-lutrasil ne-polyethylene.
Ukunisela. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza, i-kampsis idinga ukuthambisa okuningi, kepha iyakwazi ukumelana nesomiso esincane. Kubalulekile ukuvikela ukugcwala njalo kwamanzi enhlabathini.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Emhlabathini ovundile, i-liana lingakhula ngaphandle komanyolo nhlobo. Ngokuntuleka kwezakhi zomzimba, kunconywa ukusebenzisa ama-nitrogen-phosphorus complexes. Bazokwenza izimbali zibe ziningi futhi zinde.
Izihlahla. Ukuthena njalo kubalulekile kumakhampasi unyaka wonke. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ingxenye yamahlumela amadala noma aqandisiwe kufanele isikwe ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwamagatsha amasha. Kungenxa yazo lapho ama-inflorescence aminyene aqhakaza. Lapho ama-buds ephela, ungawasusa kanye nama-pods. Ekwindla, ukuthenwa okulukhuni kufanele kwenziwe ukuze i-liana ingadluleli ngaleyondawo eyabelwe ngayo.
Ubunzima obungahle bube khona
ICampsis empeleni ayihlushwa yizifo. Ukugcwala komhlaba kuphela lapho umhlabathi ungathinteka ngokubola kwezimpande. Njengoba i-rhizome iqhuma ngokushesha, kwanele ukushintsha izimo zokunisela nokususa izindawo ezithintekile.
Kuzo zonke izimuncagazi, ama-aphid kuphela ahlasela izimbali namaqabunga amancanyana wezimbali. Ukwelashwa ngama-insecticides kuzosiza ukuqeda. Kuhle ukufafaza lesi sitshalo ekuqaleni kwehlobo ukuvimbela.
Uma amakampasi engaqhakaza, lokhu kungahle kube ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yizinambuzane, ubusika obubandayo noma umhlabathi ompofu. Izitshalo ezisencane ezivela ku-cuttings ziyaqhakaza ngonyaka wesithathu, futhi izithombo - hhayi ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-7-8.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwamakhampasi
Le liana elihle, elikhula ngokushesha lizogcwalisa ingadi ngemibala egqamile namakha amnandi. Iphelele ukuhlobisa uthango, imidwebo yama-arches noma ama-arbor. Kufanele itshalwe eduze kwezakhiwo zasepulazini ukuze kufihlwe izindonga ezimbi ngaphansi kwemivini eluhlaza.
Izimbali zaseCampsis zingasetshenziselwa ukwenza izingoma zezimbali. Bazokuma e-vase amasonto ama-1-2 futhi bazokujabulisa ngemibala egqamile.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izimpande zezindiza zamakhampasi zinezinga eliqinile. Ikhula odongeni lwendlu, ziyakwazi ukukhula zibe usayizi wesisekelo nezitini. Futhi, izimbali ezinamakha zikhangisa izinambuzane eziningi ezingandiza zingene egumbini ngamawindi avulekile. Ngalesi sizathu, kungcono ukutshala amakampasi kude kude nasekhaya.
