Cherry nge "inhliziyo" izithelo - grade Lebedyanskaya

Hlakulela i-Lebedyanskaya unesitshalo esihle kakhulu - kufika ku-7 kilogram yezithelo ezivela emthini owodwa. Izithelo zifana nomumo wezinhliziyo.

Inomqondisi wendawo yonke. Isihlahla sinalo elide, lifinyelela kumamitha angu-3.0-3.5. Ipapashwe ngokubhaka.

Ngokuqhubekayo kulesi sihloko uzofunda incazelo yezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zeLebedyanskaya, uzobona ukuthi lokhu i-cherry ibonakala kanjani.

Umlando wokuzala kanye nesifunda sokuzalanisa

Izinhlobonhlobo zakhiwe ku-All-Russian Research Institute of Horticulture okuthiwa yi-IV Michurin (VNIIS).

Usizo I-VNIIS - Yinkampani yezobuchwepheshe ezinikezelwe ekutadisheni izitayela zesayensi kwezolimo.

UDessert Morozova, Morozovka no-Uralskaya Rubinovaya nabo bazalwa kule nhlangano.

Okugxilwe ngokuyinhloko: ukuhlunga izihlahla zezithelo kanye nokukhethwa kwezinhlobo zezitshalo ezintsha, ukumelana nezifo kanye nokuphila kwemvelo, ukulima nokukhiqizwa kwezihlahla zokutshala, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini, izindlela zokubuchwepheshe zezitshalo ezikhulayo, ukugcina kahle izithelo.

Lesi sikhungo sisebenza ngokulinganisa nokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo enobungozi. Ekucwaningweni kwezinhlobonhlobo yi-automation of processes. Inhlangano isebenzisa amaphrojekthi amasha wezinkomba ezahlukene.

Izentuthuko zeYunivesithi ziye zathola ukuthandwa kakhulu phakathi kochwepheshe kanye nabalimi be-amateur.

Igama lesiLatin: i-Cerasus. Umbhali weBanga: Т.В. Morozov.

Umuthi watholakala ngo-1990 emathanjeni e-cherry ehlukahlukene eVladimirskaya. Esikhathini sokukhula, imbewu yaphathwa ngesisombululo se-CE.

Iphila kahle phakathi nendawo engeningizimu yeRussia, Ukraine naseBelarus.

Ibhalwe ngokuqondile esifundeni seNnyama yeMhlaba. Kwabiwa eMichurinsk, Voronezh, eRostov-on-Don, ePavlovsk.

Ukubonakala kwe-cherry Lebedyanskaya

Cabanga ngokwehlukana ukubonakala komuthi nezithelo.

Isihlahla

Umuthi we-Cherry ucatshangelwa ukukhula okusheshayo, ngoba unyaka ufinyelela emakethe wamitha. Unayo ukukhula okuphezulu - kufika kumamitha angu-3.0-3.5. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhula nale plum ehlukahlukene, u-Volga ubuhle, amapheya amaHera noVictoria.

Kudinga umqhele wokusika izihlahla. Crohn izitshalo ngesimo piramidi. Amaqabunga aqinile.

Bark emagatsheni amakhulu kanye nama-boles amancane anama-chestnut tint. Amahlumela omthunzi omnyama omnyama, usayizi omkhulu, enenani elincane lamalenti.

Izinso i-ovoid enkulu, eboshiwe, isuka kancane emagatsheni. Amahlamvu amancane, ahamba ngama-oval ahambisana nomthunzi omnyama we-emerald. It has izinsimbi bicuspid emangalisa kanye relief flat, bushelelezi. Ukuhlukunyezwa akusekho.

I-Chereshki amaqabunga anomthunzi we-anthocyanin. Isisindo nokuphakanyiswa kwe-petioles ephakathi. Ekupheleni kwekhasi leqabunga kunezincezwana ezincane zensimbi ngesamba sezingxenye ezingu-1-2. Ama-glands ama-burgundy.

Amacwecwe eLeaf ihlangene ngokuma nge-dissection ebuthakathaka. Yehla ngokushesha. Ukuvuthwa kwenzeka enhlobonhlobo yezithelo zomuthi.

Isithelo

Izithelo zilinganiselwe, isisindo sifike kusuka ku 3.0 kuya ku-4.5 amagremu. I-Rossoshanskaya, i-Ashinskaya i-steppe ne-Molodezhnaya ingaziqhenya ngobukhulu obufanayo bamajikijolo. I-top of the fruit is rounded with depressing small at the stem of cherry. Futhi phansi kuboniswa. Ngenxa yalokhu, zifana nokuma kwezinhliziyo.

Yiba ne-suture encane yesisu. Isiqu sihlanganiswa nokuhlukaniswa okulula kwesithelo esivela emagatsheni. Izithelo zomthunzi we-maroon ngaphandle kwamaphuzu angaphezulu.

Uma ukhule ngokugcwele - cishe omnyama. I-Bone ngaphakathi kwamajikijolo ayikhulu ngobukhulu.

Ukuma kuyindilinga, kungabangeli ukusika emlonyeni. Ihlukaniswe kahle kusuka engqungqutheleni. I-Pulp cherries emnyama i-burgundy hue.

Ngomoya omnene, okhulu kakhulu, onomsoco onosizi. Ijusi lamajikijolo kungumnyama obomvu-burgundy. Ukunambitheka kumnandi, kunomunyu omncane. Ijusi elihle liphinde litholakale ezinhlobonhlobo Zhukovskaya, eLyubskaya naseMalinovka.

Cherry Lebedyanskaya - incazelo yokubunjwa kwamakhemikhali:

Isithombe

Izinhlamvu ezihlukahlukene

Siyabonga okuqukethwe ushukela ophezulu, ibanga liyakwazisa njenge-dessert yokukhiqiza. Inomqondisi wendawo yonke. Wakhe kulula ukuphinda usebenzise kabusha. I-jam esiphundu, i-kissel, i-compotes, i-tinctures nama-concentrated juice zenziwe kusukela ku-Lebedyanskaya cherry amajikijolo.

I-dessert ingaba yizinhlobonhlobo ze-cherry kuphela, kodwa futhi nama-apula nemithi yamapheya. Ngokwesibonelo, ezihlukahlukene Dessert Petrova, Dessert Rossoshanskaya and Moskvichka.

Izimbali zeLebedyanskaya cherry zenzeka zingakapheli amasonto amabili ngomhlaka 20 kuMeyi. Izimbali ezinezithunzi ezimhlophe. Amapetal of flowers avulekile. Ama-Stamens atholakala ngaphansi kwenhlamba ye-pistil.

Le ezihlukahlukene cherry i-self-fertile. Kodwa uma usebenzisa impova, izitshalo zithuthuka kakhulu.

Ukuze "i-Lebedyanskaya" i-Cherries, i-pollinators enhle kakhulu ibhekwa njengayo: "UVladimirskaya" i-cherry, ama-Freezers ama-frost, ama-Zirkovskaya aphezulu kakhulu anikezwa yi-Turgenevka.

Ukuvuna kwenzeka eminyakeni emine noma emihlanu emva kokutshala. ukusika. Isikhathi sokuvuthwa samajikijolo silinganiselwe, sifinyelela ekuvuthweni okugcwele. engxenyeni yesibili kaJulayi. Izithelo zokuvuthwa esisodwa isikhathi. Ukukhiqiza kuphezulu.

Omunye umuthi unikeza kusuka ku-6.5 kuya ku-7.0 kilograms amajikijolo. Kusuka ehektheleni elilodwa lomhlaba liqoqiwe kusukela ku-60 kuya kwezingu-80. Kufanelekile ukuvunwa okuhlelekile okuhlelekile.

Ngezinhlobo eziphezulu ezivumelayo nazo zingabaseMinx, eChernokorka naseGenerous.

Abanikazi ukuthutha okuphawulekayo ngaphezu kwamade amade kanye nezimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zobuchwepheshe zamajikijolo.

I-Cherry Lebedyanskaya inayo ukubekezela okuhle kwesomiso. I-Cherry hardiness ihle kakhulu. Ubusika obunzima bombala obuhlaza buphansi kakhulu ezindaweni ezisenyakatho zezwe.

Izinhlobo ezinhle zobusika bezinkathi zobusika uTamaris, iZhivitsa no-Tsarevna.

Ukutshala nokunakekelwa

• Indawo yokufika

  Ukusika izihlahla kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo neTurgenevka neZhukovskaya cherries evamile. Ukudubula kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuvela kwezinso. Kubalulekile ukushiya amagatsha ayisihlanu noma ayisithupha athuthukile.

  Ibanga eliphakathi kwabo kufanele libe okungenani amasentimitha angu-10. Okunye kususwa ngaphandle kokushiya i-hemp. Amanxeba esihlahla asheshe agubungelwe nge-pitch pitch.

  Ukutshala ama-cuttings kufanele kube indawo ekhethiwe ngezinga elihle kakhulu elangeni. Ukufika kuyenziwa kusukela ohlangothini oluseningizimu kwezakhiwo. Kungcono ukutshala eceleni kocingo, lapho i-microclimate elula kakhulu khona.

  Isayithi elikhethiwe kufanele libe nethuba lokuqoqwa kweqhwa ebusika. Iqhwa livikela isitshalo futhi alivumeli ukuba lifakwe esikhathini sasebusika sesikhathi. Uthanda umhlabathi loamy.

• Ilungiselela ukufika

  Impendulo enhle kakhulu ekubambeni futhi ecebile amavithamini umhlaba. Kungcono ukukhetha inhlabathi ngokuphefumula okuphawulekayo.

  Isayithi lokungena kufanele lingasondeli kwamanzi.. Kuyadingeka ukukhipha inhlabathi.

  Uma uthenga isithombo sokulungele, uhlelo lwaso oluyisitshalo kufanele luhlanganiswe kumasi noma i-peat futhi luhlanganiswe ngokucophelela ngefilimu yezokuthutha epulasitiki.

  Izithombo kufanele zihlanganiswe futhi zibe nesimiso sezimpande ezithuthukile. Ephakanyisiwe ingxenye yesiqu udinga ukusika ama-55-70 amentimithaokuyinto ikuvumela ukuba uhlele kahle isitshalo esiqhingini.

• Ukukhiqizwa ngokuhluma

  Ukukhiqiza kwenzeka nge-budding. Isebenza kahle kwi-rootstocks ye-clones yezihlahla zezithelo ezihlukahlukene ze-Vladimirsky nasezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zezinsimu zezitshalo.

  Ukuchitha imali kusetshenziswa imali eminyakeni eyishumi yesibili kaJulayi. Isikhathi: izinsuku ezingu-14-21. Izinsuku ezingu-6-8 ngaphambi kokuhlanganiswa, amagxolo omuthi aniselwa ngamanzi afudumele noma amancane okushisa. Inqubo enjalo ivuselela ukugeleza kokushisa. Amagxolo kufanele ahlukaniswe kahle.

  Ngaphambi kokuhluma, wonke amahlumela kanye namaqabunga endaweni yokugoma kumele asuswe. I-scape ikhethwe isikhathi eside, ifika kumamitha angu-6-8. Zonke izithelo ezitshalweni ezinjalo zikhula yizimila.

• Ukugonywa

  Ngezimpande, yenza ukusika kwegxolo lomuthi, amasentimitha amathathu ubude, futhi phakathi - ukuhlunga okuncane okuguquguqukayo.

  Kule nqubo, ithiphu iyanyamalala, futhi uhlaka lufakwa engxenyeni engezansi.

  Ngokobubanzi bayo, kufanele buhambisane nokusika okwenziwe. Indawo yokugoma ehlanganiswe nokugoqa epulasitiki. Izinso zishiywe zivulekile. Emva kwezinsuku ezingu-14-21 udinga ukuhlola ukusinda kwamehlo.

  Uma ucindezelwe kancane, i-stalk leaf kufanele ihlukaniswe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinso zihlelile ngempumelelo. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-30, i-harness isusiwe. Ngesikhathi sasebusika, indawo yokuhluma ivikelwe kusuka efrijini. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ama-patches ad adhent kufanele abe nebushelelezi ebusweni obuhle.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Abanikazi ukumelana okuhle nezifo ezihlukahlukene zefungal.

I-Lebedyanskaya cherry ehlukahlukene ayitholakali i-moniliosis, i-anthracnose, i-perforated spotting. Ukuphikisana ne-coccomycosis kuyahambisana.

I-Podbelskaya, i-Pamyati Yenikeeva, i-Kharitonovskaya ne-Fairy imelana kakhulu ne-coccomycosis.

Ukuze ukwelashwa kwe-coccomicosis Isidakamizwa se-biofungicide "Fitosporin". Wonke amaqabunga agciwane kufanele ashiswe. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, amabhaktheriya we-agent causative yalesi sifo ngaphezulu kwe-overwinter kanti ngonyaka ozayo isitshalo sizophinde siphinde sigule.

Okukhiphayo Izinhlobonhlobo zinezivuno ezinhle. Kusuka ehektheleni elilodwa lomhlaba abavuna kusukela ku-60 kuya kwezingu-80 ababelethi bezithelo. Kuyafaneleka ukuvuna okuzenzakalelayo.

It has omuhle kakhulu amajikijolo. Izithelo zomthunzi we-burgundy, zifana nomumo wezinhliziyo. I-Bone ngaphakathi kwamajikijolo ayikhulu ngobukhulu. Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okushukela okuphezulu, okuhlukahlukene kuyabaluleka njenge-dessert yokukhiqiza.

Inomqondisi wendawo yonke. Ukukhiqiza kwenzeka nge-budding. Kunokumelana okuhle nezifo ezihlukahlukene ze-fungal. Ukuphikisana ne-coccomycosis kuyahambisana. Ibhalwe ngokuqondile esifundeni seNnyama yeMhlaba.