Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Zhukovskaya cherry bezaziwa kusukela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engama-40 yekhulu leminyaka elidlule ngenxa yomsebenzi wezisebenzi ze-Institute of genetics kanye nokuzalela okuqanjwe ngemuva I-Michurina. Lapho kuzalaniswa uZhukovskaya wasebenzisa imbewu ye-varietal kusuka ekuvinjelweni kwamahhala. Ukwahlulela ngocwaningo, izincazelo kanye nokubuyekezwa, ama-cherries adlula "abazali" ekukhiqizeni nasekunambithekeni. Namuhla, izinhlobo ezintsha ezithuthukisiwe zenziwe ngesisekelo seZhukovskaya, kepha kuze kube manje le ndondo iyathandwa futhi iyahlonishwa abalimi.
Incazelo yam Cherry Zhukovskaya
Izihlahla ze-Cherry ziyizitshalo eziphakathi nendawo. Ama-cherries aseZhukovskaya nawo ahlukile: ukuphakama kwesihlahla kufinyelela ku-2,5 kuya ku-m. Umqhele ohlanganayo wobuningi obuphakathi unesimo esiyindilinga. Amaqabunga aluhlaza omnyama anama-denticles amancane emaphethelweni atholakala ku-petioles ende ebomvu. Ukwakheka kwamaqabunga kuqulekile, kufana nesikebhe esine-concave.
Isiqu namagatsha kukhona nsundu obomvu. Ama-buds aphakathi nendawo, a-olong, awahambelani ngokuqinile namahlumela. Izimbali ezimhlophe zifinyelela ku-3 cm, zitholakala izingcezu ezi-5 ku-inflorescence. Izithelo ezinkulu ezinjengesiyingi senhliziyo ezinesisindo esisuka ku-4 kuye ku-7 g ziboshwe emagatsheni esimbali. I-berry inenyama enesithelo emuncu enambitha kancane ikhumbuza ama-cherries.
Umuthi uqala ukukhula ngonyaka we-4. UCherry unikeza isivuno esikhulu kunazo zonke eneminyaka eyi-15 - khona-ke ungaqoqa ufike kuma-30 kg amajikijolo. Isivuno esijwayelekile singama-10-12 kg.
Izithelo ze-cherry zinamathambo amakhulu, atholakala kahle kusuka epulpiti
Ama-cherries aseZhukovskaya ayizinhlobonhlobo zokuqina kobusika obuphakathi, akuhloselwe ukuba kulinywe ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esibandayo nesinzima. Izimbali ezingahle zife emazingeni okushisa ngaphansi kuka-0mayelanaC. Ngesikhathi sekhephu isikhathi eside, ngisho nezinkuni ziyabanda.
Uma uhlala endaweni enobusika obubandayo, kunengqondo ukutshala izihlahla ze-cherry ngobunzima obukhulayo bobusika, njenge-Amorel ekuqaleni noma i-Fertile Michurina.
Ukungcolisa izihlahla nezindlela zokuvota
UZhukovskaya udinga umakhelwane ophethe impova. Lesi yisimo esidingekayo sokukhula ngempumelelo kwezithelo. Ngaphandle kwawo, umuthi uzothokozisa iso kuphela ngezimbali ezimhlophe qhwa, hhayi amajikijolo anejusi. E-Zhukovsky, inzalo, izimbali azikwazi ukufaka impova yazo, ngakho-ke zidinga usizo lwezihlobo zezimbali. Kulokhu, impova yenziwa kusetshenziswa umoya nezinambuzane. Ama-pollinator afanele ama-cherries alezi zinhlobonhlobo yiVladimirskaya, iLyubskaya, i-Apukhtinskaya, iMolodezhnaya. Akudingeki ukuthi zitshalelwe endaweni yazo - kwanele ukuthi ziyakhula futhi zithele izithelo komakhelwane bezwe.
Uma kungekho abathutha impova eduzane, futhi indawo engadini ayikuvumeli ukuthi uthenge futhi utshale esinye isihlahla, ungatshala igatsha elidingekayo emqheleni wesihlahla. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, bopha ibhodlela lepulasitiki elivunwe esiqwini sesihlahla, uthele amanzi bese ufaka kuwo isixha samagatsha aqhakaza ezinhlobonhlobo ozifunayo.
Ukutshala ama-cherries
Kungcono ukuthenga izithombo ze-cherry ekwindla - ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka kukhona ukukhetha okuningana kwemakethe kwezihlahla zezithelo. Kodwa-ke, kungcono kakhulu ukutshala emhlabathini entwasahlobo, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi ekwindla isitshalo se-thermophilic ngeke sibe nesikhathi sokuthatha izimpande ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo. Isithombo esithengiwe ekwindla sibekwa engxenyeni engama-45mayelana emgodini ongashoni, amboze izimpande ngekhadibhodi, ungqimba lwephepha noma ngerag, engeza emhlabathini bese ugcine ngaleli fomu kuze kube sekutshaleni kwentwasahlobo.
Ungashiya izithombo ngisho nasemaqenjini apholile emhlabathini zize zifike emhlabathini, kepha kusalulekwa ukuthi zivikele izimpande ekulimaleni ngomshini futhi zomiswe ngaphandle.
Iziqeshana ezithengiwe ekwindla, udinga ukumba
Inyanga efaneleke kakhulu yokutshala i-Zhukovskaya yisithombo ngo-Ephreli. Indawo yakhethwa ngokufinyelela okuhle kokukhanya kwelanga, enomoya omnandi. Ubunzulu bamanzi angaphansi komhlaba - okungenani amamitha ayi-2. Ukutshala okufanele izithombo ze-cherry okudingayo:
- Khetha izithombo ezilungile ezifanele isifunda sakho. Kungcono ukuzithenga eziteshini zokuzalela noma ezinkulisa. Ama-cherries akhula esakhiweni esingumakhelwane ngeke athele isivuno esihle. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, khetha okokukhula okuqhelele kude nesiqu - isistimu yayo yezimpande inamandla futhi ihlala isikhathi eside. Musa ukusebenzisa amahlumela esihlahleni esakhelisiwe - yonke imizamo izoba ngeze, uthole umdlalo wasendle kuphela.
Khetha izithombo ezilungele indawo yangakini
- Bamba umgodi ongafika ku-0.5 m ukujula, amasentimitha angama-80. ubukhulu abususelwa emthonjeni wangempela wohlelo lwezimpande zesitshalo. Uma inhlabathi ine-acidic, engeza ufulawa we-dolomite noma umlotha wokhuni lapho. Uma uhlela ukutshala iZhukovskaya enhlabathini ebunjiweyo noma enhlabathini, faka uhhafu webhokisi lesihlabathi.
Ukumba umgodi, gxila osayizi bohlelo lwezimpande lwesithombo
- Faka izimpande zesithombo emgodini ukuze intamo yezimpande ingabi ngaphezulu kwezinga lomhlaba. Sakaza kahle izimpande, ugweme ukweqisa kanye nama-creases.
- Mboza izimpande ngensimbi engaphezulu exutshwe ne-superphosphate kanye ne-organic manyolo. Thambisa umhlabathi kancane futhi unakekele umgodi we-trunk. Thela i-sapling ngamanzi axazululiwe: amalitha ayi-15-20 azokwanela. Ngemuva kokunisela, mulch ndawo ezungeze isiqu ngenkuni.
Amanzi amancele amancane ngamanzi axazululiwe
- Uma isihlahla sidinga ukuxhaswa, engeza kanye naso ucezu wepayipi, ukuqiniswa noma isikhonkwane futhi uqinise i-cherry yesikhathi esizayo ngocingo oluthambile noma intambo ezindaweni ezimbili. Ngenye indlela, kuqhutshwa izikhonkwane ezimbili bese kuthi lesi yisithombo sitshale izinhlangothi ezibhekene. Ukusekelwa kwembiwa ekujuleni kwamamitha, kufanele kube ngaphansi kwesihlahla.
Izici zokutshala nobuqili bezokunakekelwa
Ukunakekela ama-cherries Zhukovskaya akuhlukile kakhulu ekunakekeleni ezinye izihlahla zezithelo. Bonke abahlali bengadi badinga ukuthambisa ngesikhathi, ukulima nokugqoka okuphezulu.
Ukunisela nokukhulula
I-Cherry - isitshalo impela siyabekezelela isomiso, kepha ukuchelela ngesikhathi esifanele ngeke sikulimaze:
- ukuthambisa kokuqala kwenziwa ngasikhathi sinye ngokugqoka okuphezulu, ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqhakaza;
- owesibili - ngesikhathi sokuthulula amajikijolo;
- ukuchelela ubusika kwenziwa ngemuva kokuphonsa amahlamvu maphakathi no-Novemba.
Inani lokunisela lingahluka ngokuya ngenani lemvula, isimo senhlabathi, usayizi wezihlahla nobudala bawo.
Ukusuka entwasahlobo kuze kube ekwindla, ukuvuleka okungaxhunyiwe ku-2-3 kwanele, futhi ngaphambi kokunisela kokugcina, kufakwa umanyolo oludingekayo, bese inhlabathi ezungeze isiqu ibimbiwe ekujuleni kofosholo lwefosholo.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Iminyaka emine yokuqala, umanyolo we-nitrogen ufakwa kabili ngesizini: ngokushesha ngemuva kokuncibilika kweqhwa naphakathi nesikhathi sokukhula ngamandla kwamajikijolo. Ngemuva kwalokho zondla nge-urea noma i-ammonium nitrate (50-60 g ngesihlahla ngasinye). Umquba wePhosphorus-potassium usetshenziswa ekwindla ngaphambi kokumba (ngokwesilinganiso 3: 1).
Ukuphakelwa okuhle kuzoba ukufakwa kwe-mullein ngomlotha wezinkuni: thatha umthamo ongama-60-80 l, engeza ibhakede lomquba omusha wezinkomo, 2 kg womlotha, uthele amabhakede wamanzi ama-5-6 bese ugcizelela isonto lonke. Ukunisela, hlalisa umanyolo otholwe ngamanzi ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 5 bese usebenza ngaphansi kwesihlahla (20-30 l) ngesikhathi sokukhula nezithelo.
Ukudla okunjalo ngeke kube wusizo hhayi kuphela kuma-cherries, kodwa futhi kunoma yiziphi izihlahla zezithelo.
Ividiyo: Imithetho elula yokuthena ama-cherry
Izindlela eziphambili zokulwa nezifo nabathengi bazo
Amaqabunga, amahlumela amasha nezithelo zingathinteka ngokubuka kwe-holey (kleasterosporiosis). Izingxenye ezigulayo zesihlahla zimbozwe amabala ansundu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amaqabunga ayagcotshwa, futhi amajikijolo alahlekelwa ukubukeka kwawo okuhle bese ewa. Okokulwa usebenzisa izidakamizwa eziqukethe ithusi. Izinsuku eziyi-10-14 ngemuva kokuqhakaza, izihlahla ziphathwa nge-3% Bordeaux fluid noma i-1% HOM fung fung. Lapho ucubungula, gcina izilinganiso nezincomo ezichazwe kwimiyalo.
Lapho kuthinteka ngokubola okungwempunga, amaqabunga kanye namahlumela amasha ayoma, amasayithi we-lesion afana nezindawo ezivela ekushisweni okushisayo. Ngokushesha, izithelo namaqabunga azikhuli, kepha izinhlamvu zimbozwa ngengubo empunga. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa i-iron sulfate (150 g nge-5 amalitha amanzi), ukulungiswa kwe-HOM (20 mg nge-5 amalitha amanzi) noma isixazululo se-3% se-Bordeaux ingxube. Amagatsha athintekile, amaqabunga nezithelo kuhlanzwe kahle futhi kushiswe.
IZhukovskaya yamelana nezifo zokukhunta kahle, ikakhulukazi i-coccomycosis, kepha ayivikelekile ezinambuzaneni zezihlahla zezithelo.
Ithebula: Izilokazane zeCherry nezindlela
| Izilokazane ze-Cherry | Izimpawu zokwehlula | Izindlela Zokulawula Nokuvimbela |
| UCherry fly | Uma kulinyazwa ihlosi le-cherry, amajikijolo alahlekelwa umbala wawo, awohloke futhi aqhekeke. Izibungu zezimpukane zigaya uginindela wesithelo. |
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| Isihlangu seCalifornian | Kulimaza zonke izingxenye zesihlahla: isiqu, amaqabunga, amagatsha nezithelo. Idla ngojusi wezitshalo. Amabala abomvu ayabonakala ezitsheni, isiqu somuthi sigobile, amaqabunga kanye namagatsha ayafa. Kuyisilwane esibulala yedwa. |
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| Cherry slimy sawfly | Imbabazane inesimo esithe xaxa. Izizukulwane ezimbili zenzeka ngonyaka. Izibungu ziyakwazi ukuhlikihla ingxenye eluhlaza yeqabunga, zishiya skeleton esisodwa, okuholela ekufeni kwengxenye ebalulekile yomqhele wesihlahla. |
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Igalari yezithombe: Izifo zeCherry nezinambuzane
- I-Kleasterosporiosis ibizwa nangokuthi i-hole spotting.
- Ukubola okumpunga kwenza amajikijolo angabonakali
- Izibungu zeSawfly zingaphanga isihlahla sengxenye enkulu yomqhele
- Cherry fly ubeka izibungu ezidla uginindela amajikijolo
Ividiyo: indlela yokwelapha ama-cherries ezifweni
Ukubuyekezwa mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo zam cherries Zhukovskaya
I-Zhukovskaya - obomvu, obomvu obumnyama, usayizi wentsha. Angithandanga ukuthi amajikijolo abonakale futhi ambozwe amachashaza amnyama (mhlawumbe nguyena owangilimaza). Unqonqozwe.
Qwert12031958//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/46170/page-73
UZhukovskaya wami ubusika kulobusika (otshalwe entwasahlobo ka-2010). Ukukhula kuqale ekwindla kuphela. Ekukhuleni, ukuqanda okuqinile kakhulu kwezinkuni (i-cambium yahlala iphila, umongo usinsundu, uqhekeka kalula). Ayiqhakaza. Manje kunika izinzuzo "ezikukhonzile". Hhayi izinhlobonhlobo ezinzima kakhulu zobusika, ukuyibeka ngobumnene, njengeTurgenevka.
U-Andrey Vasiliev//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?f=37&t=1148&start=900&view=print
NgineZhukovskaya, kodwa ngisemncane, ayizange iqhume ngisho nakanye. Ngayithenga ngezizathu zobuhle nombala wama-cherries - acishe abe mnyama, makhulu.
Ekaterina Beltyukova//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=1148
UCherry Zhukovskaya ungummeleli omuhle kakhulu ekukhetheni kwasekhaya. Umuthi awuceli ukuba unakwe uqobo, kepha kuyadingeka ukwanelisa ezinye izidingo. Ukutshalwa kwezimali okuncane, kanti ne-cherry kuzojabulisa abalimi abasebenza kanzima ngamajikijolo amnandi azothokozela wonke umuntu.
